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ZHAO Guoze TANG Ji ZHAN Yan CHEN Xiaobin ZHUO Xianjun WANG Jijun XUAN Fei DENG Qianhui & ZHAO Junmeng Institute of Geology China Earthquake Administration Beijing China 《中国科学D辑(英文版)》2005,48(10)
The Qinghai-Tibet Plateau was formed by coales-cence of microcontinents of different geologic histo-ries, i.e. it consists of a series of blocks, such as Hi-malayas, Lhasa, Qiangtang, Kunlun, Qaidam and Qi- lian blocks from south to north. The blocks moved firstly in the NNE direction, then in the NE direction and at last in the ENE or E-W direction from south to north by a combined action of Indian Plate moving northward and obstruction of Tarim and other blocksnorth of the plateau. T… 相似文献
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在横跨鄂尔多斯盆地西缘构造带北段的查甘池—银川—五湖洞约200 km长的东西向剖面上,进行了67个测点的大地电磁探测.使用“远参考道”和Robust技术处理数据.分析了各测点视电阻率、阻抗相位、二维偏离度、电性主轴方位角、磁实感应矢量等参数,采用NLCG二维反演方法对TE和TM两种模式的数据进行了二维反演.得到的二维电性结构表明,沿剖面查汗断裂带、贺兰山东缘断裂带和黄河断裂带是明显较大型电性边界,为超壳断裂带,而三关口断裂带深部延深不大.沿剖面阿拉善地块、贺兰山褶皱带、银川断陷盆地和鄂尔多斯地块具有明显不同的深部电性结构特征.阿拉善地块内部除浅表电阻率较低外,以下到深度约50 km都表现为高电阻特性.贺兰山褶皱带电性结构复杂,电阻率高低相间.银川盆地具有上宽下窄最深达约8 km低阻层,具有断陷盆地特征.鄂尔多斯地块具有低-高-低的深部电性结构特征,成层性较明显. 相似文献
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海原一六盘山构造带是青藏高原东北缘地区的一条重要边界,在海原断裂带和六盘山断裂带接触区形成了特殊的马东山挤压阶区,本文对跨过该挤压阶区一条密集测点大地电磁剖面数据进行了处理和二维反演,获得的深部电性结构图像揭示在马东山挤压阶区深部电性结构表现为在高阻背景下镶嵌多个向西南倾斜的低阻条带电阻率结构样式,并在深度约25 km汇聚到中下地壳低阻层内,共同组成"正花状"结构;海原一六盘山构造带西南侧到陇中盆地区间呈现高、低阻相互"楔合"的深部结构特征,而其东北侧的鄂尔多斯西缘带自地表到中下地壳为较完整的高阻块体.另外结合跨过海原断裂带中段和西秦岭造山带的大地电磁探测结果,对海原一六盘山构造带分段性及其两侧的陇中盆地和鄂尔多斯地块的接触关系进行了研究分析.大地电磁探测成果佐证了在海原断裂带中段为具有走滑特点的断裂,而其尾端与六盘山断裂带斜交区域的马东山地区发生了强烈的逆冲推覆与褶皱变形;活动构造研究发现沿海原断裂带所产生的左旋走滑位移被其尾端的马东山、六盘山以东西向的地壳缩短调节吸收,GPS观测表明青藏高原东北缘地区现今构造变形分布在海原一六盘山构造带以西上百公里的范围内,陇中盆地一海原一六盘山构造带和鄂尔多斯地块一线的深部电性结构图像也很好地解释了该区变形状态:海原一六盘山构造带带及西南盘的陇中盆地的中下地壳非常破碎,在青藏高原向北东方向的推挤下容易发生变形,而北东盘鄂尔多斯地块地壳结构完整,很难发生构造变形.对海原一六盘山构造带马东山阶区和龙门山构造带的深部电性结构及变形特征等进行了比较分析,发现该区有与2008年汶川地震相似的深部构造背景,应重视该区强震孕育环境的探测研究. 相似文献
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利用地震背景噪声层析成像技术处理陕西及邻区所布设的257个宽频带台站的连续背景噪声数据,采用基于射线追踪的面波频散直接反演方法获得陕西及邻区地壳(6～39 km)高分辨率剪切波速度结构。成像结果显示:(1)渭河盆地顶部形成于新生代,厚的沉积层造成其浅部显著的低速异常,盆地中、上地壳为低速结构。渭河盆地与南北两侧地质构造单元交界区域的下方存在高速与低速结合带,以及在块体间相互运动的作用下,在块体内部,特别是界带深部可能存在着物质与能量的强烈交换,为渭河盆地及邻区的地震孕育发生提供深部环境。(2)南鄂尔多斯块体并不是一个均匀的整体,块体地壳浅层东薄西厚的低速异常结构,可能与鄂尔多斯自显生宙以来的整体掀斜,以及晚白垩纪以来差异性整体抬升和受强烈而不均匀的剥蚀有关。块体中地壳速度比上地壳和下地壳较高。壳内不存在显著的低速体,说明壳内低速体并没有贯穿整个鄂尔多斯地块。我们推测南鄂尔多斯块体仍保留着稳定克拉通的属性,其地壳结构可能反映了克拉通早期形成时的结构特征,至今还未遭受明显改造。(3)秦岭造山带东,西深部结构存在显著差异,具有分段分区的特征。造山带中地壳速度较高,可能因在板块碰撞和造山过程中,下地壳物质被抬升进入中地壳,从而造成中地壳速度偏高。 相似文献
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Crustal structure of northeastern Tibetan plateau and Ordos block: Waveform interpretation of the Maqen-Jingbian seismic refraction profile 
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下载免费PDF全文 The Maqen-Jingbian wide-angle seismic reflection and refraction experiment was carried out in 1998, which aims at determining detailed structure in the crust and top of the upper mantle and understanding structural relation between the northeastern Tibetan plateau and the Ordos block. The 1-D crustal models inferred by waveform inversion show strong variations in crustal structure, which can be classified into four different types: ① an Ordos platform with the Proterozoic crust and two high-velocity layers in the northeast section, ② a transitional crust between the northeastern Tibetan plateau and the Ordos block across the Haiyuan earthquake zone, ③ the Qilian orogenic zone in the central part, and 4 the Qinling orogenic zone in the southwestern section. The Moho depth increases from ~42 km to ~62 km from the NE part to the SW part of the profile. The crystalline crust consists of the upper crust and lower crust in northeastern Tibetan plateau. There is an obviously low P-wave velocity layer dipping northeastward, which is 12–13 km thick, at the bottom of the upper crust in Qinling orogenic zone and Haiyuan earthquake zone. The lower crust is characterized by alternating high and low P-wave velocity layers. Beneath Ordos block, i.e., the NE part of the profile, the crust shows quite a smooth increase in P-wave velocity down to the Moho at a depth of about 42 km. 相似文献
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岷山隆起带与西秦岭构造带中段位于青藏高原物质东向流动的必经之处,又是南北地震带的组成部分和GPS速度场非连续性衰减和转换的关键部位,其地壳结构及地壳变形机制受到国内外地质地球物理学家的广泛关注,了解研究区深部细结构及主要边界断裂空间展布特征,对青藏高原隆升机制及中强地震孕震构造的研究有重要意义.本文依托分别横跨岷山隆起带及西秦岭构造带中段的两条大地电磁剖面(SG-WQL-L1与SG-WQL-L2)小点距观测数据,采用大地电磁相位张量分解技术对两条剖面上各个测点的电性走向、二维偏离度进行计算分析,根据分析结果对原始数据进行主轴方位角校正处理,进一步采用NLCG(非线性共轭梯度)二维反演方法开展TE与TM模式的相位和电阻率联合反演,获取沿剖面方向30 km以浅的电阻率结构模型,并完成了地质地球物理综合解释.两条大地电磁剖面勘探成果揭示出,马尔康地块中上地壳发育的壳内低阻层与峨山隆起上地壳低阻体在深部交汇,岷江断裂带与虎牙断裂带受控于马尔康地块与岷山隆起带上地壳底部的滑脱面,滑脱面呈现往东角度逐渐变陡峭的趋势且在岷江附近出现"断坡"构造,历史强震震源深度显示虎牙断裂为岷山隆起带新生代强震的发震断裂;西秦岭构造带中段中上地壳沿剖面方向表现为横向分块、纵向分层的电性结构特征,中地壳12~25 km左右发育厚度不等的壳内低阻层,壳内低阻层多与研究区次级地块的边界断裂在深部交汇,次级地块以及区分次级地块的活动断裂带可能是GPS速度场在研究区呈现非连续性的递减并伴随方向转换的构造成因;青藏高原内部的软流圈物质向NE和SSE流动,驱动巴颜喀拉地块东缘上地壳沿中上地壳低阻层东向运移,受到摩天岭高阻地块的阻挡作用,软弱的岷山隆起带发生地壳褶皱变形并向东逆冲推覆从而形成高耸的岷山山脉,岷江断裂与虎牙断裂的左旋运动加速了岷山的隆起. 相似文献
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本文对跨过西秦岭造山带(中段)的阿坝—若尔盖—临潭—兰州大地电磁剖面(WQL-L1)所采集到的数据进行了精细化处理分析和二维反演研究,结合跨过2013年岷县漳县地震区的WQL-L6剖面大地电磁探测结果和以往的地质与地球物理资料,对西秦岭造山带(中段)的深部电性结构、主要断裂带延伸状况以及与南北两侧地块的接触关系等进行了分析研究,结果表明:东昆仑断裂带塔藏段、迭部—白龙江断裂和光盖山—迭山断裂带共同组成了东昆仑断裂系统,分隔了松潘—甘孜地块和西秦岭造山带(中段);西秦岭北缘断裂带为主要的高角度南倾大型电性边界带,延伸深度穿过莫霍面;临潭—宕昌断裂带具有电性边界带特征,其延伸情况具有东、西差异.西秦岭造山带(中段)自地表到深度约20km范围表现为东北和西南浅、中部深的倒"梯形"高阻层,在高阻层之下广泛发育低阻层,低阻层与高阻层相互契合,呈现相互挤压堆积的式样,其西南侧的松潘—甘孜地块中下地壳存在西南深、东北浅低阻层,其东北侧的陇西盆地具有稳定的成层性结构,显示出西秦岭造山带(中段)正处于松潘—甘孜地块向北挤压和陇西盆地向南的阻挡挤压作用中.松潘—甘孜地块从西南向东北推挤、东北侧陇西盆地相对阻挡的相互作用是2013年岷县漳县6.6级地震发生的外部动力学机制,同时地震震源区特殊介质属性是该次地震发生的内部因素.西秦岭造山带(中段)中上地壳倒"梯形"高阻体埋深西薄、东厚的分段差异与该段内部中强地震分布差异有关.东昆仑断裂玛沁段和塔藏段内部的深部电性结构差异和延伸状况与东昆仑断裂自西向东走滑速率减小有内在联系. 相似文献
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Fuyun Wang Hong Shang Xiankang Zhang Geophysical Exploration Center China Earthquake Administration Zhengzhou China 《地震学报(英文版)》2009,(4):365-371
The Maqen-Jingbian wide-angle seismic reflection and refraction experiment was carried out in 1998,which aims at determining detailed structure in the crust and top of the upper mantle and understanding structural relation between the northeastern Tibetan plateau and the Ordos block. The 1-D crustal models inferred by waveform inversion show strong variations in crustal structure,which can be classified into four different types:1 an Ordos platform with the Proterozoic crust and two high-velocity layers in ... 相似文献
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利用青藏高原东北缘地区固定地震台网2010年4月至2015年3月期间记录的远震事件,采用多道波形互相关方法（Multi-Channel Cross-Correlation）拾取了10697个有效P波相对走时残差数据,进而采用FMTT （Fast Marching Teleseismic Tomography）方法获得了青藏高原东北缘上地幔400 km深度范围内的P波速度结构,结果显示：秦祁地块下面存在深达70 km的高速异常,阻断了青藏高原块体中下地壳低速层向东北方向的延伸;40~140 km深度范围内,四川西南部存在一个低速区,该低速区穿过龙门山断裂带进入到四川盆地内部;祁连山造山带东部低速异常区从地壳一直延伸到上地幔400 km处,表明这里可能存在一个上地幔到地壳间的热流通道;松潘-甘孜地块分布大面积的低速异常区,而鄂尔多斯地块西南缘相对速度较高,这与青藏高原为软块体、介质密度低和鄂尔多斯块体为硬块体、介质密度高相吻合. 相似文献
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本文对喜马拉雅计划二期部分台站的远震波形数据进行接收函数提取,利用接收函数共转换点叠加方法获得阿拉善地块、鄂尔多斯地块以及银川—河套盆地下方0~80 km深度的速度间断面结构.结果表明:鄂尔多斯地块成层性好,地壳厚度为38~42 km,康拉德界面为18~22 km,阿拉善地区的Moho面深度为38~45 km.河套盆地地壳厚度约52 km,银川断陷盆地和贺兰山下方的Moho面最深为~55 km.鄂尔多斯西缘构造边界下方Moho面变化明显,且黄河断裂为深大断裂直接切割莫霍界面.根据本文的间断面成像结果我们进一步确定阿拉善地块与鄂尔多斯地块分属不同的大地构造单元.与此同时,我们推测贺兰山以西70~80 km范围内和鄂尔多斯地块西缘北段存在地壳增厚变形的可能. 相似文献
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新生代期间,中国大陆西部受印度一欧亚板块碰撞和青藏高原隆升影响,以地壳缩短、增厚、陆内造山和强烈地震活动等为主要特征.在青藏高原东北边缘,高原物质侧向移动被鄂尔多斯地块所阻,在六盘山地区发育了一系列左旋斜冲断裂.断裂带周缘构造变形强烈,地震活动频繁,是研究青藏高原横向扩展控制大陆内部弥散变形的理想场所.本文对穿越青藏高原东北缘一六盘山断裂带一鄂尔多斯地块的宽角反射与折射地震资料使用层析成像和射线反演算法进行成像,获得了研究区地壳速度结构模型,其结果反映出六盘山断裂带两侧地壳结构、构造特征差异显著:1)上地壳层析成像结果显示鄂尔多斯盆地一侧地壳上部速度较低,等值线呈近水平状,具有典型的沉积盆地特征,而青藏高原东北缘一侧上地壳速度相对较高,横向变化剧烈,呈褶皱状,二者的分界为海原一六盘山逆冲走滑断裂;2)全地壳射线反演结果显示鄂尔多斯地块地壳速度梯度大,下地壳底部速度高由铁镁质物质组成,具有典型稳定古老克拉通的特征,青藏高原东北缘地壳速度总体较低,主要由长英质及长英-铁镁质过渡物质组成,具有典型造山带的特征,而六盘山断裂带下方地壳速度结构复杂,层面呈拱形,部分层出现速度逆转,为两个构造单元的接触过渡带;3)青藏高原东北缘一侧地壳厚度~50 km,鄂尔多斯地块地壳厚度~42 km,六盘山断裂带下方莫霍面发生叠置,揭示出青藏高原东北缘、鄂尔多斯地壳在六盘山下汇聚,较薄且刚性的鄂尔多斯地壳挤入较厚且塑性的青藏高原东北缘地壳中的构造模式. 相似文献
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青藏高原东缘龙门山构造带是研究青藏高原地壳物质向东侧向挤出的焦点地区.为探索龙门山构造带活动构造特征及其与发震构造的关系,本文通过布置垂直龙门山构造带南段芦山地震震源区的大地电磁测深剖面,运用多种数据处理手段,得到研究区可靠的电性结构,并通过与已有龙门山中段和北段剖面进行对比分析.研究表明：（1）青藏高原东缘岩石圈存在明显的低阻异常带--松潘岩石圈低阻带,该低阻异常带沿龙日坝断裂-岷山断裂-龙门山后山断裂分布,形成松潘-甘孜地块向扬子地块俯冲的深部动力学模式,通过统计研究区的历史强震,发现震源主要沿低阻异常带东侧分布,同时,低阻异常带也是低速度、低密度异常带,松潘岩石圈低阻带可能是扬子地块的西缘边界;（2）青藏高原物质东移过程中,受到克拉通型四川盆地的强烈阻挡,龙门山构造带表层岩块和物质发生仰冲推覆,表现为逆冲推覆特征的薄皮构造,中下地壳和上地幔顶部物质向龙门山构造带岩石圈深部俯冲,印支运动晚期,扬子古板块持续向华北板块俯冲,在上述构造运动作用下,呈现出刚性的上扬子地块西缘高阻楔形体向西插入柔性青藏块体的楔状构造;（3）根据电性结构推断,芦山地震受到深部上里隐伏壳幔韧性剪切带向上扩展的影响,构成芦山地震的深部主要动力来源;汶川地震的发生,在龙门山南段形成应力加载区,是触发或加快芦山地震孕育发生的另一个动力来源. 相似文献
15.
XIAO QiBin ZHAO GuoZe WANG JiJun ZHAN Yan CHEN XiaoBin TANG Ji CAI JunTao WAN ZhanSheng WANG LiFeng MA Wei & ZHANG JiHong Institute of Geology China Earthquake Administration Beijing China Earthquake Administration of Sh ong Province Jinan 《中国科学D辑(英文版)》2009,52(3):420-430
Because of the discovery of ultrahigh pressure metamorphic (UHPM) belt beneath the Sulu (Jiangsu Province-Shandong Province)
orogen, this area has become a focused subject of current geoscience, as it has a close relationship with the evolution of
the orogen and the neighboring North China craton. Probing the deep structure beneath this area would be of great significance
for the geological interpretation of this issue. In this study, we make an analysis of magnetotelluric (MT) data along a profile
across the Sulu orogen to provide evidence of deep structure below this region. The profile begins in west from the North
China block, extending in S129°E, across the Tan-Lu fault, Sulu UHPM zone, and Sulu high pressure metamorphic (HPM) zone,
and terminates in the Yangtze block in east. We use the nonlinear conjugate gradient method and TE-TM combined mode to perform
inversion and interpretation of the MT data, and obtain an electrical structure image above depth of 150 km along the profile.
It shows that the structure can be divided into seven sections in lateral direction, between which the electric boundaries
coincide well with the major faults, such as the Tan-Lu, Haizhou-Siyang, and Jiashan-Xiangshui faults. In vertical direction
the electrical structure can be subdivided into six layers of different resistivities. It is noted that there exist high-conductivity
areas in crust below the North China block and Yangtze block, while such a feature is not present beneath the Sulu orogen,
which is very different from the Dabie orogen. It is also observed that a fairly continuous zone of relatively low-resistivity
exists at depths of 50–90 km of the electrical structure image, which is presumably a weak zone in the uppermost mantle. Just
below this low-resistivity zone are the relatively high- resistivity layer of the North China block, relatively low-resistivity
layer of the Sulu orogen, and relatively high-resistivity layer of the Yangtze block, all in the shallow upper mantle, respectively.
From the whole 2D electrical structure image, there is no abnormally low-resistivity layer in the shallow upper mantle beneath
the Sulu orogen and neighboring areas, indicating that no hot asthenoshperic material associated with lithospheric thinning
exists at present.
Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 40534023) and Director Foundation of Institute of Geology,
China Earthquake Administration (Grant No. DF-IGCEA-0608-2-16) 相似文献
16.
TONG WeiWei WANG LiangShu MI Ning XU MingJie LI Hua YU DaYong LI Cheng LIU ShaoWen LIU Mian Eric SanDvol 《中国科学D辑(英文版)》2007,50(Z2):227-233
A portable broadband seismic array was deployed from the northeast Tibetan Plateau to the southwest Ordos block, China. The seismic structure of the crust and uppermost mantle of the Liupanshan area is obtained using receiver function analysis of teleseismic body waves. The crustal thickness and Poisson's ratios are estimated by stacking the weighted amplitudes of receiver functions. Our results reveal complex seismic phases in the Liupanshan area, implying intense deformation at the boundary between the Tibetan Plateau and the Ordos block. The average crustal thickness is 51.5 km in the northeast Tibetan Plateau, 53.5 km in the Liupan Mountain and 50 km in the southwest Ordos block, resulting in a concave Moho beneath the Liupan Mountain. The Poisson's ratio of the Liupanshan area varies between 0.27-0.29, higher than the value of 0.25-0.26 to the east and west of the Liupan Mountain, suggesting partial melting in the lower crust. The variance in Poisson's ratio across the Liupan Mountain indicates notable changes in the crustal composition and mechanical properties, which may be formed by the northeastward flow of the Tibetan lower crust during the India-Eurasia collision. 相似文献
17.
利用GPS大地测量数据,借助最小二乘配置方法构建位移与应变间的偏导关系,探讨了鄂尔多斯地块西南缘地震空区近10年尺度地壳运动速度场、应变场的动态演化特征,分析了研究区域较少发生地震的成因。结果表明：地壳物质流在阿拉善地块、鄂尔多斯地块与西秦岭构造区的复杂地质构造交汇处,地壳内部物质流加速东移,板块间应力积累特征不显著;六盘山断裂、陇县—宝鸡断裂带以西,显示了EW向或NE向的压应变,而沿断裂走向则以拉应变为主,表明西侧地壳物质沿鄂尔多斯地块西南缘东迁顺时针旋转的运动状态;在岐山至扶风一带,出现了面膨胀的特征,释放了地壳内部的压应力,但构造内部运动并无闭锁现象出现,这可能降低了研究区域地震孕育与发生的风险。 相似文献
18.
在青藏高原东北缘至鄂尔多斯地块沿玛沁—兰州—靖边剖面进行62个测点的大地电磁观测,采用Robust技术对观测数据进行了处理和张量阻抗分解.分析了视电阻率和阻抗相位曲线、二维偏离度、区域走向.采用RRI二维反演技术进行了资料的反演解释,二维剖面的电性结构显示：（1）玛沁断裂带、兰州深断裂带、马家滩—大水坑断裂带将剖面分为4个电性区块：巴颜喀拉地块、秦祁地块、边界带和鄂尔多斯地块.（2）区块1、2和4的地壳电性结构有类似特点：上地壳为高阻层,下地壳上部为低阻带,下地壳下部到上地幔电阻率随深度逐渐升高.区块3电性成层性差、结构复杂,是现今构造活动较强烈的地区.（3）玛沁断裂带、海原断裂带和罗山—云雾山断裂带为较陡立的超壳断裂带;西秦岭北缘断裂带为壳内断裂带. 相似文献
19.
Tong WeiWei Wang LiangShu Mi Ning Xu MingJie Li Hua Yu DaYong Li Cheng Liu ShaoWen Liu Mian SanDvol Eric 《中国科学:地球科学(英文版)》2007,50(2):227-233
A portable broadband seismic array was deployed from the northeast Tibetan Plateau to the southwest Ordos block, China. The seismic structure of the crust and uppermost mantle of the Liupanshan area is obtained using receiver function analysis of teleseismic body waves. The crustal thickness and Poisson’s ratios are estimated by stacking the weighted amplitudes of receiver functions. Our results reveal complex seismic phases in the Liupanshan area, implying intense deformation at the boundary between the Tibetan Plateau and the Ordos block. The average crustal thickness is 51.5 km in the northeast Tibetan Plateau, 53.5 km in the Liupan Mountain and 50 km in the southwest Ordos block, resulting in a concave Moho beneath the Liupan Mountain. The Poisson’s ratio of the Liupanshan area varies between 0.27–0.29, higher than the value of 0.25–0.26 to the east and west of the Liupan Mountain, suggesting partial melting in the lower crust. The variance in Poisson’s ratio across the Liupan Mountain indicates notable changes in the crustal composition and mechanical properties, which may be formed by the northeastward flow of the Tibetan lower crust during the India-Eurasia collision.
相似文献20.
利用穿越区域南段为秦岭褶皱带山区,中段为渭河断陷盆地,北段为鄂尔多斯地台南缘的宽角反射/折射地震测深剖面所获得的资料对该区地壳结构进行研究.结果表明:该区地壳呈明显的分层、分区结构;上下地壳的分界是由壳内反射波较为连续可靠的P2以及P3所确定的.鄂尔多斯地台是本区M界面最深的地区,地壳厚度大,达42 km左右,结构相对简单,结晶基底浅. 秦岭褶皱带的地壳厚度约37~38 km,结晶基底浅,甚至出露.渭河断陷盆地莫霍界面相对两侧明显且不对称的上隆,地壳结构复杂;而莫霍界面相对鄂尔多斯地块突变隆起和上地幔高速物质侵入于下地壳,是该区发生中强地震的深部构造背景. 相似文献