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某花岗岩型铀矿床中铀天然衰变系长寿命核素和类比微量元素，自该矿床５１Ｍａ前生成以来，未向周围花岗岩中发生远距迁移，铀矿体及近矿岩石至今仍处于化学封闭状态。矿石、岩石裂隙处局部出现有核素、元素迁移和沉淀，因裂隙细小且大多充填有粘土矿物等，迁移距离不足２５－３０ｍ，且仅发生在距今１０＾４－１０＾６ａ及至今时距内。 相似文献
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某铀矿床中水－岩反应的时间范围和强度，可通过对铀天然衰变系放射性不平衡的研究得到半定量化。该铀矿床在形成５１Ｍａ以来，由于水－岩反应较强，矿石中铀系核素并未发生远距离迁移。铀矿体及近矿岩石至今仍基于处于化学封闭状态。 相似文献
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我国苏州花岗岩－伟晶岩接触带岩石中，与高放废物内某些长寿命超铀锕系元素和裂变产物化学性质相似的微量元素，同位素迁移行为天然类比研究表明，伟晶岩脉中的、Ｌｉ，Ｓｒ，Ｂｅ，Ｍｏ，Ｎｂ，Ｅｒ，Ｙ和＆２３４Ｕ，＾２３８Ｕ在该岩脉形成后约１３０Ｍａ期间，在水－岩反应作用下，仅向花岗岩中迁移１０－３０ｃｍ，而Ｔｈ，Ｐｂ，＾２０６Ｐｂ，＾２０８Ｐｂ，＾８７Ｒｂ，＾８７Ｓｒ，＾８７６Ｓｒ则未发生明显迁移。这一研究 相似文献
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我国苏州花岗岩－伟晶岩接触带岩石中，与高放废物内某些长寿命超铀铜系元素和裂变产物化学性质相似的微量元素、同位素迁移行为天然类比研究表明，伟晶岩脉中的Ｕ、Ｌｉ、Ｓｒ、Ｂｅ、Ｍｏ、Ｎｂ、Ｅｒ、Ｙ和２３４Ｕ、２３８Ｕ在该岩脉形成后约１３０Ｍａ期间，在水－岩反应作用下，仅向花岗岩中迁移１０－３０ｃｍ，而Ｔｈ、Ｐｂ、２０６Ｐｂ、２０７Ｐｂ、２０８Ｐｂ、８７Ｒｂ、８７Ｓｒ、８６Ｓｒ则未发生明显迁移。这一研究结果为我国拟在花岗岩中处置高放废物提供了长期安全评价的依据。 相似文献
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两种不同时代、相互接触的花岗岩,由于其化学成分上的差异以及后期水—岩反应,在漫长的地质历史时期内必然导致其中元素、天然放射性核素的迁移,这种迁移行为可类比为高放废物深地质处置库中放射性废物的近场迁移行为。广西资源县境内的某处印支期花岗岩(全岩Rb-Sr年龄214±3 Ma)和海西期花岗岩(锆石U-Pb年龄196±31 Ma)接触带,根据全岩化学成分、O、Pb同位素待征和铀系核素的~(234)U/~(238)U,~(234)U/~(230)Th,~(230)Th/~(238)U,~(226)Ra/~(230)Th等核素活度比值,其两侧花岗岩在其演化过程中成为一个相对开放的比学体系,但由于其附近没有明显的开放性断裂,其中常量元素、微量元素及天然铀系核素在接触带中的迁移距离仅约1～2m,接触面薄弱带中发生的水-岩反应仅使化学组分迁移约30 cm。花岗岩裂隙是流 相似文献
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牡丹江－鸡西花岗岩类同位素地质年代学研究 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
牡丹江－鸡西一带有许多花岗岩类出露，其中具代表性的为柴河、石场、光复屯、岗子沟岩体等。过去人们一直将其认作元古代花岗岩体。作者采用单颗粒锆石逐层蒸发－沉积测年法，对区内包括上述岩体在内的花岗岩、花岗斑岩、混合岩及花岗质脉体，分别选其中锆石，进行年龄测定。结果表明：区内花岗岩类的侵位及混合岩化作用主要发生于２９０－２５０Ｍａ的华力西造山阶段，部分花岗岩可能形成于４８８－４０９Ｍａ的加里东期，而不形成于元古代；同时根据花岗岩和混合岩中获得的２８７１±８Ｍａ和１１３４±１４Ｍａ继承锆石的年龄数据，认为八面通杂岩两侧均存在前寒武纪变质基底。 相似文献
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川西白玉-稻城地区花岗岩类的年龄 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
本文根据Ｕ－ｐｂ、Ｒｂ－Ｓｒ、４０Ａｒ／３９Ａｒ法测年资料，探讨了川西白玉－稻城地区花岗岩类的东岩带、中岩带、西岩带的形成时代。东带以２００Ｍａ为主，中带以８０Ｍａ为主，西带以２２０Ｍａ为主，各方法所获年龄数据基本上可对比。 相似文献
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随着世界各国大力发展核电，放射性废料的安全处置已成为当今研究热点和前沿学科。高放废物深地质处置的安全性主要取决于处置库内放射性核素向生物圈的迁移程度。在侵入岩中，放射性核素主要是通过地下水沿岩石孔隙从处置库向生物圈迁移的。为了理解放射性核素在花岗岩体接触带的迁移行为，本文根据两花岗岩体接触带中样品的铀系核素放射性活度比值（^234U/^238U,^230Th/^234U,^226Ra/^230Th,^230Th/^238U)，利用 α-反冲（弹射）作用引起的放射性不平衡理论，计算了铀系核素子体^234U,^230Th,^226Ra在后期地下水的作用下在花岗岩体接触带及其裂隙内的迁出率、迁入率、并进行了质量平衡的计算。结果表明，经α-反冲作用进入流体的核素的迁出率要远大于因核素自然衰变的消亡率；裂隙充填物及裂隙能阻滞大量核素的迁移，其沉淀核素来自接触带花岗岩；花岗岩能强烈阻滞核素的迁移，可作为阻止放射性核素从核废料地下处置库向外迁移的有利天然屏障。 相似文献
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LUO Xingzhang MIN Maozhong ZHANG Guanghui State Key Laboratory of Mineral Deposit Research Nanjing University Nanjing LI Xianguo YANG Zhe ZHAI Liying No. Geological Party Central-South China Bureau of Nuclear Geology Guangxi Zhu Deling The Open Laboratory of Nuclear Energy Resource Research Beijing 《《地质学报》英文版》1999,73(4):418-428
Elements and natural radionuclides in the contact zone of two granites with different ages would migrate from one to the other because of the difference in their chemical contents and later water-rock interactions. This migration could serve as an analogue for the near-field process of radwastes in a high-level radwaste deep geological disposal repository.In the contact between the Indosinian granite (whole-rock Rb-Sr isochron age at 214@3 Ma) and Hercynian granite (zircon U-Pb isochron age at 296@31 Ma) located in Ziyuan County, Guangxi, the O and Pb isotope characteristics and the activity ratios of 234U/238U, 230Th/238U, 230Th/234U and 226Ra/230Th show that, based on the whole-rock chemical contents, both of the two granites have maintained a relatively open chemical system in their evolution processes. However, as there is no obvious open fault, the migration of major elements, trace elements and natural U-series nu-clides takes place within only 1-2 m in the contact zone, and water-rock interaction 相似文献
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Groundwater in contact with ore deposits may acquire a chemical composition that could be used as a guide for exploration. Eight well-water samples are collected from a known uranium-mineralized area near Abu Zenima, west central Sinai to examine the applicability of using the hydrogeochemical technique in the search for uranium mineralization in similar arid areas. The analytical chemical data of the ground water is compared with ground radiometric measurements. The obtained results indicate that groundwater affected by uranium mineralization has a specific relativity of major anions expressed essentially as SO4>Cl>HCO3 and to a lesser extent as Cl>SO4>HCO3, associated as a rule with low magnesium content. This association constitutes a signature of uranium mineralization on the composition of groundwater in west central Sinai and could be used as an important exploration guide in the search for uranium deposits in similar areas. Anomalies in Ni, Fe, Zn and Cr and other pathfinder elements in groundwater can furnish geochemical guides to uranium ores. The immobile trace element anomalies, including Zn, Ni and Fe are strongly distributed near the orebody; whereas the relatively mobile trace elements, including Co, U, V and Cr, constitute the dispersion haloes away from the orebody. A new hydrogeochemical discrimination diagram is constructed to be used as a quick and cost effective exploration tool in the search for uranium occurrences in environmentally similar arid areas. Based on the obtained results, a new site for uranium occurrence, west of W. Baba, is delineated and recommended for future detailed geological and geochemical surveying. 相似文献
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Nikolay P. Laverov Vasily I. Velichkin Ai Fujiwara Naotatsu Shikazono Alexey P. Aleshin Enver E. Asadulin Vyacheslav N. Golubev Tatiana L. Krylova Alexander A. Pek Igor V. Chernyshev 《Resource Geology》2009,59(4):342-358
It has been shown that the main uranium ore mineral, pitchblende (uranium dioxide), is a natural analog of synthetic uraninite (also uranium dioxide), which constitutes 96% of spent nuclear fuel (SNF). Geochronological studies of the U‐Pb isotope systems in unaltered pitchblende from the orebodies reveal that these systems remained completely closed over the entire period (approximately 135 Ma) since the formation of the deposits. The bulk of the primary uranium ores within the Streltsovskoye ore field was influenced to various degrees by post‐ore hydrothermal solutions that led to pitchblende spherulites being replaced by pseudomorphs of an amorphous phase with a U‐Si composition; this phase also re‐precipitated in veinlets proximal to the pitchblende pseudomorphs. A technique specially developed by the authors was used to carry out quantitative counts of the abundance of uranium minerals by calculating the uranium mass balance in one of the orebodies subjected to hydrothermal alteration. The calculations reveal minimal uranium loss from the orebody. Uranium liberated in the process of the pseudomorphic replacement of pitchblende was immediately fixed, in situ, in the newly formed coffinite‐like amorphous U‐Si phase as a result of the development of an efficient geochemical barrier that prevented the long‐distance migration of uranium. In assessing the long‐term safety of underground SNF repositories, the results of the present study give us confidence that SNF uraninite, in terms of the preservation of its integrity as a mineral phase, provides for the reliable long‐term isolation of uranium, transuranium elements, and fission products that are “sealed” in the uraninite matrix. In the case of the mineral transformation of the uraninite matrix by hydrothermal solutions, the liberated uranium would be efficiently immobilized by the newly formed amorphous U‐Si phase. 相似文献
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鄂尔多斯盆地南部延长组富铀凝灰岩地球化学特征及形成机制 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
本文系统地研究了鄂尔多斯盆地南部延长组凝灰岩元素和同位素地球化学特征。结果表明:凝灰岩主量元素具有高K、高Al、Si中等至高、低Na的特征;REE总体特征为轻稀土富集、重稀土亏损,∑REE在48.57～402.12μg/g之间变化,Eu呈现出负异常,在0.34～0.82内变化,δCe范围在0.80～2.08之间;微量元素中U含量在3.12～144μg/g之间,Ba、U、Th、Hf和Ce呈明显正异常,Nb、P、Ti和Rb呈现负异常。详细的分析表明:U的富集和一些微量元素如Ta、Dy、Lu等相关,Th与∑REE存在明显的正相关性,这些变化可能和盆地中铀矿的富集有关;凝灰岩的硫同位素总体呈现深源特征。根据以上的研究对凝灰岩的形成原因及形成环境进行了探讨。鄂尔多斯盆地南部延长组凝灰岩来源于秦岭造山带火山作用,其中的铀元素富集是由于砂岩型铀矿中铀向凝灰岩迁移而被还原所致。本研究对盆地砂岩型铀矿的铀运移和富集机理认识具有一定指导意义。 相似文献
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《Applied Geochemistry》2005,20(3):487-506
Sequential leaching methods have been used to determine the mineralogical distribution of some trace elements for environmental purposes, such as radiological contamination of soils and sediments, bioavailability studies and natural analogues of deep geological radwaste disposals. In this context, a 7-step-sequential leaching protocol is applied to Fe(III)–U(VI)-rich fracture filling materials from the oxidised zone of the “Mina Fe” U deposit to identify and evaluate the main sinks of natural nuclides and other analogue trace elements, since it is crucial in the performance assessment of a nuclear waste repository.After a careful characterisation of the samples, the analytical data from each leaching step were statistically analysed and then interpreted in light of the mineralogical and geochemical features of the samples. Precise knowledge of the mineralogical distribution of trace elements by sequential leaching methods is quite complex, mainly due to cross-contamination throughout the different steps of the experiments. Thus, the results obtained suggest that U is retained as U-minerals, mainly oxides, closely associated with crystalline Fe-oxyhydroxides. Though Ce and La also form independent compounds, such as Ce oxides and La–Nd phosphates, they are mainly retained by the amorphous Mn-oxyhydroxides. However, the crystalline Mn-oxyhydroxides are the main sink for Ni and crystalline Fe-oxyhydroxides mainly retain P. 相似文献
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洪海沟矿床是近年来伊犁盆地南缘发现的大型铀矿床,既有砂岩型工业铀矿体也有煤岩型工业铀矿体。本文从洪海沟矿床地质特征研究入手,分析该地区铀成矿的主控因素,从构造和沉积的角度探讨其对氧化带发育和铀空间定位的约束。研究认为,构造斜坡带中次级隆起为成矿体提供流体的补给与氧化流体运移的动力,构造坡度的变异部位是成矿物质卸载的有利部位。主砂体是氧化流体运移的通道,制约并引导氧化流体的运移方向,砂体变异造成氧化带尖灭并控制着铀矿体的空间定位。氧化流体分带的多样性造成矿体类型和形态的多样,层间氧化带的平面分带性控制着砂岩型铀矿体的产出,氧化流体的垂向分带性控制煤岩型铀矿体的空间产出。 相似文献
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1 Introduction The Ordos Basin is the second largest sedimentary basin in China. During the last 10 years, a great progress has been achieved in the aspects of tectonic evolution, dynamics process, inner and outer geological processes during Mesozoic-Cen… 相似文献