共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 228 毫秒
1.
The paper presents a general paradigm of semiautomatic building extraction from aerial stereo image pair. In the semiautomatic extraction system, the building model is defined by selected roof type through human-machine interface and input the approximation of area where the extracted building exists. Then under the knowledge of the roof type, low-level and mid-level processing including edge detection, straight line segments extraction and line segments grouping are used to establish the initial geometrical model of the roof-top. However, the initial geometrical model is not so accurate in geometry. To attain accurate results, a general least squares adjustment integrating the linear templates matching model with geometrical constraints in object-space is applied to refine the initial geometrical model. The adjustment model integrating the straight edge pattern and 3D constraints together is a well-studied optimal and anti-noise method. After gaining proper initial values, this adjustment model can flexibly process extraction of kinds of roof types by changing or assembling the geometrical constraints in object-space. 相似文献
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基于物方空间几何约束最小二乘匹配的建筑物半自动提取方法 总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8
提出了一种从数字航空立体像对半自动提取建筑物的方法。操作员通过人机界面选择房屋的种类并输入初始位置，然后经过边缘检测、直线段提取和据此房屋几何模型的线段自动编组等处理得到各房屋角点的初始位置，最后，为了获得房屋的精确定位和符合物方严格几何约束的结果，基于物方空间几何约束的最小二乘匹配平差模型用于求取房屋直线边缘和物方几何模型的最优匹配，试验表明，该方法能提高建筑物的提取精度并可为半自动建筑物提取提供一个灵活的框架。 相似文献
3.
以激光点云数据和倾斜多视影像为研究对象,提出了一种结合机载点云、地面点云及倾斜多视纹理的融合多源特征的建筑物三维模型重建方法。该方法结合点云面元以及影像边界特征,利用倾斜影像的线特征对顶面及立面模型进行边界规则约束,实现了面元自动拓扑重建;通过交互编辑完成不同复杂程度的建筑模型重建,并对模型进行纹理映射。实验结果表明,该方法能够有效提升城市建筑物三维模型重建的效率和边界精度,为利用多源数据的空地联合建筑物三维精细重建提供了一套切实可行的解决方案。 相似文献
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从机载激光雷达点云提取建筑物屋顶边界的活动轮廓模型改进方法 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
本文基于边缘与局部信息提出了一种处理多波段图像的活动轮廓模型,并将其应用于LiDAR数据的建筑物边界提取。本文首先将分类得到的屋顶点云数据转换为栅格数据,并作为模型的输入图像,进而采用变分水平集方法解求模型能量函数的最小解,得到建筑物的边界。该模型消除了其他活动轮廓模型对初始曲线和所处理图像类型的限制,适于任意形状的建筑物边界的自动提取;水平集规则项的添加,减小了模型的计算时间。实验结果表明：与IAC模型、GACcolor模型相比,本文模型在建筑物边界提取的应用中可以达到更高的匹配度、形状相似度以及位置精度。 相似文献
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直线是遥感图像的重要纹理特征,直线提取是直线匹配、遥感影像数据的三维重建、图像配准等的前提基础。本文针对传统Hough变换存在的问题以及MatLab软件工具箱中现有滤波算法的不足,提出对Hough变换进行改进,设计自适应中值滤波,并结合Canny边缘检测算子实现了直线的准确提取,使得直线提取算法具有较强的抗噪性能,不误检直线。 相似文献
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一种利用点云邻域信息的建筑物屋顶面高精度自动提取方法 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
从LiDAR数据中高精度地提取建筑物屋顶面是构建屋顶面拓扑关系、实现建筑物三维模型重建的关键。本文针对现有算法提取复杂建筑物屋顶面适应性较差、精度较低等问题,提出了一种利用点云邻域信息的建筑物屋顶面高精度自动提取方法。通过主成分分析计算点云特征,构建特征直方图,选取可靠种子点;利用提出的局部点云法向量分布密度聚类算法聚类种子点,快速准确地提取初始屋顶面片;构建基于邻域信息的投票模型,有效地解决屋顶面竞争现象。试验结果表明,本文方法可自动、高精度地提取屋顶面,对不同复杂程度的建筑物具有较好的适应性,能为建筑物三维模型重建提供可靠的屋顶面信息。 相似文献
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Building roof modeling from airborne laser scanning data based on level set approach 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
KyoHyouk Kim Jie Shan 《ISPRS Journal of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing》2011,66(4):484-497
This paper presents a novel approach to building roof modeling, including roof plane segmentation and roof model reconstruction, from airborne laser scanning data. Segmentation is performed by minimizing an energy function formulated as multiphase level set. The energy function is minimized when each segment corresponds to one or several roof plans of the same normal vector. With this formulation, maximum n regions are segmented at a time by applying log2n level set functions. The roof ridges or step edges are then delineated by the union of the zero level contours of the level set functions. In the final step of segmentation, coplanar and parallel roof segments are separated into individual roof segments based on their connectivity and homogeneity. To reconstruct a 3D roof model, roof structure points are determined by intersecting adjacent roof segments or line segments of building boundary and then connected based on their topological relations inferred from the segmentation result. As a global solution to the segmentation problem, the proposed approach determines multiple roof segments at the same time, which leads to topological consistency among the segment boundaries. The paper describes the principle and solution of the multiphase level set approach and demonstrates its performance and properties with two airborne laser scanning data sets. 相似文献
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无人机倾斜摄影铁路轨道线高精度自动重建 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
针对既有铁路测绘上线难、作业效率低及测量精度不足的问题,本文提出了一种基于无人机多视图几何原理的铁路轨道线高精度重建方法。首先从无人机影像上提取线特征;然后采用像方测度获得候选匹配线,基于物方距离测度进行Powell优化,获得精确的钢轨线匹配结果;最后,将影像钢轨线匹配结果作为观测值,以钢轨线反投影距离作为测度,最小二乘优化物方钢轨直线段坐标。试验结果表明,本文方法实现了影像轨道线自动匹配与高精度平差解算,像方反投影残差优于0.5像素,轨距和高程的内符合精度分别为0.006和0.005 m。解算成果的平面高程绝对定位精度可达到2 cm左右,平差模型收敛性良好,可以满足工程应用的需要。 相似文献
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针对高分辨率光学卫星影像线段断裂问题,基于不同方法线段提取结果优势互补的思想,提出一种简单的线段融合方法。首先,从边缘提取、边缘跟踪入手,对不同方法试验结果进行对比分析,以此验证融合不同方法线段提取结果的必要性;其次,选取边缘提取、边缘跟踪差异性较大的两种线段提取方法作为融合基元,并对戴激光等提出的线段提取方法进行了改进;然后,通过相位分组、端点约束、拓扑约束,构建不同方法线段的匹配模型;最后,依据线段长度优先的原则,建立线段融合决策模型。通过多幅不同类型、不同大小、不同覆盖区域的高分辨率光学卫星影像试验结果对比分析,本文方法相对于其他方法,具有线段结果完整度高的优势。 相似文献
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高分辨率光学遥感几何与纹理约束的线段优化算法 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
针对高分辨率光学遥感影像线段断裂问题,提出一种基于几何与纹理约束的线段优化算法。首先,将线段视为地物轮廓表达的一种方式,由此从同一地物边缘角度出发,提出线段断裂的几何与纹理规律;其次,提出线段优化算法,以提取线段结果为处理基元,依据线段长度确定初始优化线段,设定跟踪矩形,建立针对断裂线段的几何纹理约束模型,构建动态优化模型,并给出完整的线段优化流程。最后,通过多幅不同实际场景、不同类型高分辨率遥感影像的试验结果分析,表明本文算法不仅能够解决由地物遮挡、边缘模糊及边缘锯齿化造成的线段断裂问题,并且在优化线段长度以及抑制线段过提取问题方面,均表现出较大的优势。 相似文献
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利用机载LiDAR点云数据进行建筑物重建是当今摄影测量与遥感领域的一个热点问题,特别是复杂形状建筑物模型的精确自动构建一直是一个难题。本文提出一种基于关键点检测的复杂建筑物模型自动重建方法,采用RANSAC法与距离法相结合的分割方法自动提取建筑物屋顶各个平面的点云,并利用Alpha Shape算法提取出各个平面的精确轮廓,根据屋顶平面之间的空间拓扑关系分析建筑物的公共交线特征,在此特征约束下对提取的初始关键点进行修正,最终重建出精确的建筑物3维模型。选取不同类型复杂建筑物与包含复杂建筑物的城市区域点云进行实验,结果表明该算法具有较强实用价值。 相似文献
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Zhizhong Kang Liqiang Zhang Sisi Zlatanova Jonathan Li 《ISPRS Journal of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing》2010,65(3):282-293
This paper presents an automatic mosaicking method for generating building facade textures from a monocular close-range digital image sequence. The process begins with the computation of the camera parameters (except the coordinates of the projective center), which are determined by combining vanishing point geometry with constraints of a straight line bundle as well as prior information of parallel lines in object space. The raw images are later rectified for the purpose of eliminating their salient geometric distortion. Next, automatic retrieval of the relevant image segment is implemented using the detecting range variance by means of the histogram of projective differences between the corresponding points for each of the facades from the raw image sequence. A strip model of the least-squares adjustment, which is similar to the strip block adjustment in aerial triangulation, is employed to determine the spatial alignment of each of the image segments in order to generate the facade textures from the relevant image segments. Afterwards, the entire building facade texture is mosaicked by ortho-image generation. Two refining strategies are proposed to optimize the mosaic result. One is refining the mosaic region where corresponding points are difficult to match but plenty of horizontal lines are available, and the constraint of corresponding horizontal lines is introduced to implement this process. The other strategy is to refine the unsatisfactory mosaic region by densifying the corresponding points by means of the spatial alignment of the relevant image segment computed by the strip method. The experimental results indicate that this method is widely applicable and compares well with other reported approaches with regard to automation level and applicability, for uncalibrated images as well as images with large geometric distortions. 相似文献
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一种链码跟踪与相位验证相结合的直线提取方法 总被引：3，自引：2，他引：1
提出了一种链码跟踪与相位验证相结合的直线提取方法。该方法首先针对Canny边缘图提出一种完全细化方法;其次提出一种改进的链码跟踪方法,其步骤包括检测链码端点,建立动态链码主方向确定链码跟踪方向,优先跟踪八邻域内边缘点,八邻域内无边缘点再进行八邻域外边缘点,并采用直线化分析对链码进行动态约束;最后对链码进行直线拟合及相位验证,满足条件输出直线,不满足要求的链码则重新设定端点进行跟踪直线提取。通过多种不同光学图像数据的试验结果分析表明,本文所提出的方法不仅能够精确实现边缘直线信息的拟合,并且能够解决由于白噪声及相位编组所引起的直线断裂问题。 相似文献
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多特征约束的高分辨率光学遥感影像道路提取 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
针对复杂场景中的遥感影像道路提取问题,论文提出了一种多特征约束的影像道路提取方法,并开展了论文方法可行性论证。该方法首先,根据道路宽度的先验知识以及道路的几何特征,提出一种改进的线段二次提取模型,利用线段长度和道路宽度确定候选道路种子点集;其次,输入道路结构信息,基于道路辐射特征对候选道路种子点进行整体匹配评价;再次,当候选道路种子无法符合辐射特征要求时,提出一种浅色机动车检测模型,以此将浅色机动车结果作为道路上下文特征,利用道路上下文特征对候选道路种子点进行分析;然后,构建道路拓扑分析模型,依据道路拓扑特征对候选道路种子点进行最终验证;最后,对提取道路种子点进行优化处理,并提出道路跟踪及拟合方法。通过不同复杂场景、不同分辨率高分辨率遥感影像下开展的不同方法实验结果对比分析表明,相对于其他商用软件ECognition和Erdas的方法,本方法自动化程度更高,运行效率高,适用于解决道路类型多样化、几何光谱噪声大的复杂场景道路提取问题。 相似文献
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Modelling Positional Uncertainty of Line Features by Accounting for Stochastic Deviations from Straight Line Segments 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Sytze de Bruin 《Transactions in GIS》2008,12(2):165-177
The assessment of positional uncertainty in line and area features is often based on uncertainty in the coordinates of their elementary vertices which are assumed to be connected by straight lines. Such an approach disregards uncertainty caused by sampling and approximation of a curvilinear feature by a sequence of straight line segments. In this article, a method is proposed that also allows for the latter type of uncertainty by modelling random rectangular deviations from the conventional straight line segments. Using the model on a dense network of sub‐vertices, the contribution of uncertainty due to approximation is emphasised; the sampling effect can be assessed by applying it on a small set of randomly inserted sub‐vertices. A case study demonstrates a feasible way of parameterisation based on assumptions of joint normal distributions for positional errors of the vertices and the rectangular deviations and a uniform distribution of missed sub‐vertices along line segments. Depending on the magnitudes of the different sources of uncertainty, not accounting for potential deviations from straight line segments may drastically underestimate the positional uncertainty of line features. 相似文献
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Increased use of digital imagery has facilitated the opportunity to use features, in addition to points, in photogrammetric applications. Straight lines are often present in object space, and prior research has focused on incorporating straight–line constraints into bundle adjustment for frame imagery. In the research reported in this paper, object–space straight lines are used in a bundle adjustment with self–calibration. The perspective projection of straight lines in the object space produces straight lines in the image space in the absence of distortions. Any deviations from straightness in the image space are attributed to various distortion sources, such as radial and decentric lens distortions. Before incorporating straight lines into a bundle adjustment with self–calibration, the representation and perspective transformation of straight lines between image space and object space should be addressed. In this investigation, images of straight lines are represented as a sequence of points along the image line. Also, two points along the object–space straight line are used to represent that line. The perspective relationship between image– and object–space lines is incorporated in a mathematical constraint. The underlying principle in this constraint is that the vector from the perspective centre to an image point on a straight–line feature lies on the plane defined by the perspective centre and the two object points defining the straight line. This constraint has been embedded in a software application for bundle adjustment with self–calibration that can incorporate point as well as straight–line features. Experiments with simulated and real data have proved the feasibility and the efficiency of the algorithm proposed. 相似文献
18.
Automatic 3D extraction of building roofs from remotely sensed data is important for many applications including city modelling. This paper proposes a new method for automatic 3D roof extraction through an effective integration of LIDAR (Light Detection And Ranging) data and multispectral orthoimagery. Using the ground height from a DEM (Digital Elevation Model), the raw LIDAR points are separated into two groups. The first group contains the ground points that are exploited to constitute a ‘ground mask’. The second group contains the non-ground points which are segmented using an innovative image line guided segmentation technique to extract the roof planes. The image lines are extracted from the grey-scale version of the orthoimage and then classified into several classes such as ‘ground’, ‘tree’, ‘roof edge’ and ‘roof ridge’ using the ground mask and colour and texture information from the orthoimagery. During segmentation of the non-ground LIDAR points, the lines from the latter two classes are used as baselines to locate the nearby LIDAR points of the neighbouring planes. For each plane a robust seed region is thereby defined using the nearby non-ground LIDAR points of a baseline and this region is iteratively grown to extract the complete roof plane. Finally, a newly proposed rule-based procedure is applied to remove planes constructed on trees. Experimental results show that the proposed method can successfully remove vegetation and so offers high extraction rates. 相似文献
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由于激光点云离散分布于三维空间,导致特征计算困难,目前针对地面激光扫描点云的直线提取方法普遍存在计算量大、提取错误、或适应性不足等问题。本文提出了一种基于球面投影的单站地面激光点云直线段提取方法:首先将三维点云投影到球面上,球面投影后的三维点云保持了正确的邻接关系,同时也解决了三维数据计算量大的问题;然后,利用球面霍夫变换,正确提取球面投影后点云中的直线段特征;最后,利用稳健的直线拟合算法计算点云中的三维直线段参数。通过对室内室外场景数据的直线段提取试验及与商业软件Geomagic Studio等方法的对比试验,验证了本方法的正确性、适用性和准确性。 相似文献