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1.
城市轨道交通及其沿线土地一体化发展是城市可持续发展的关键问题。提高城市轨道交通可持续性和土地资源配置合理性的关键需掌握轨道交通客流与土地功能之间的依赖关系,而回归分析是研究二者关系的主要方法。既有研究对于土地利用的描述多基于用地面积等概略数据,难以揭示各类属性的用地对客流的影响机理及其空间效应。采用百度地图POI数据以刻画用地信息,提出城市轨道交通车站吸引范围内用地功能的细粒度描述方法,基于全局常参数和局部变参数的回归模型研究车站早高峰出站客流与粗细粒度土地利用的相互依赖关系及其空间效应。针对北京地铁的案例研究表明：车站出站客流与不同功能用地及POI的依赖程度和空间特征存在显著差异。早高峰出站客流更多地受到与就业通勤相关的商业服务业设施用地、公共管理与公共服务用地的影响。在细粒度层面上,出站客流对写字楼和政府机构的依赖性更大,二者显著分布在就业岗位密集的中心城区功能分区和城市核心区。基于细粒度POI的局部变参数模型能较好地识别各类土地利用对车站客流的影响及其空间异质性,案例研究表明车站客流与土地利用的依赖关系是各类属性功能用地影响及其空间效应的叠加。 相似文献
2.
基于多源地理数据融合的黑河中游土地多功能性时空格局与权衡研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
土地多功能利用是提高土地利用效率、缓解人地矛盾、促进区域可持续发展的重要途径。研究构建了“生产-生活-生态”功能的土地多功能性评价指标体系,基于3 km×3 km格网,融合了遥感、统计、POI等多源地理数据,利用投影寻踪模型对黑河中游土地多功能性进行评价,通过变量相关分析和双变量局部空间自相关分析,揭示了土地多功能权衡与协同关系,并采用RGB三通道合成与二阶聚类分析相结合进行土地功能分区。结果表明:(1)黑河中游在不同利用方式下呈现不同功能,在走廊平原区土地功能以生产功能为主导,生活功能和生态功能为辅。生产功能在走廊绿洲农业区优势明显,生活功能高值区集中于城镇等基础设施条件较好的地区,祁连山、龙首山发挥着生态屏障作用。(2)研究时段内,土地多功能性稳中增强。土地多功能性与一级功能的空间格局保持稳定,土地功能间协调性普遍增强,不同功能在空间上日益重叠。(3)按照主导利用方向,土地可划分为以农业生产与城镇空间为主体的重点开发区、优化开发区和适度开发区,以及以生态空间为主的生态屏障区、生态缓冲区和生态修复区。(4)土地多功能利用仍有提升空间,尤其要加强对非主导功能的关注,协调功能间的固有矛盾;统筹推进生态修复,关注自然资本增值,从构建区域绿水青山的格局挖掘土地价值新的增长点。 相似文献
3.
基于POI数据的巨型城市消防站空间优化——以北京市五环内区域为例 总被引：4，自引：2，他引：2
消防站的空间布局事关城市发展与城市安全。本文以北京市五环内中心城区为研究区,使用44.34万条POI数据和道路网等相关数据,考虑易燃易爆、人群脆弱等不同特征的火灾风险因子,采用核密度分析、SAVEE模型等方法,识别出研究区内的火灾风险空间分布,进一步借助“位置—分配”模型和网络分析,并结合优化目标对研究区内消防站进行空间优化。主要研究结论为：①按照火灾风险从高到低排序,前10%的火灾风险区域主要集中在CBD—三里屯、北京古玩城—双井、王府井、南锣鼓巷—雍和宫等区域。②现有消防站对全部44.34万个POI请求点5分钟响应时间内的覆盖率为96.46%,总体覆盖效果较好,但在研究区西北和西南部的世纪城—闵庄一带覆盖不足。③综合考虑高火灾风险区、重要火灾风险因子、POI总体覆盖率和个体消防站覆盖面积相关标准等因素,经多次迭加运算分析得到最终需新增15个消防站点。优化后的各指标均有较大提升,可满足研究区的消防需求。 相似文献
4.
城市土地利用变化模拟是优化土地资源配置的科学依据,提高其精细化程度和可靠性有助于准确把握城市用地发展趋势,对城市土地资源精准调控具有重要意义。基于宏观遥感分类的土地利用变化模拟,难以在街区尺度上揭示城市用地社会功能变化及精细化模拟中空间尺度效应来源和作用机理。本文联合遥感影像和POI数据识别出城市土地利用精细化特征,运用响应面法率定土地利用精细化模拟的最优空间尺度组合,在此基础上,利用CA-Markov模型开展了未来土地利用变化的精细化模拟。以武汉市中心城区为应用案例,研究结果表明：基于POI 的城市土地利用精细化识别方法,可以深度解析城市建设用地的社会功能,极大改善了传统基于遥感的土地覆被宏观解译效果;研究区土地利用变化元胞自动机精细化模拟的最优空间尺度组合是30 m元胞、7×7邻域以及冯诺依曼邻域类型,采用最优空间尺度组合能够提高土地利用变化精细化模拟的可靠性。响应面试验设计结果可有效识别精细化模拟过程中空间尺度效应的主要来源,并区分其对模拟精度的影响程度与正负效应;预计到2025年,研究区建设用地范围将继续向周边扩张,各类型用地之间互为交织,土地利用空间格局将呈更加破碎化趋势。 相似文献
5.
基于电子地图兴趣点的城市建成区边界识别方法 总被引：27，自引：4，他引：23
城市建成区边界是认识和研究城市的重要基础性信息,也是落实城市功能空间布局、实施界限管控的前提。但是,以往通过夜间灯光的强度、土地覆被或建筑覆盖率等信息获取城市空间范围的方法,由于受到数据精度和尺度限制,对城市社会经济活动的解释性不强,因而存在较大局限性。电子地图兴趣点（POI）作为城市空间分析的基础数据之一,直观且有效地反映了各类城市要素的集聚状况。本文基于POI与城市空间结构和城市要素空间分布的关联性,提出了一种新的通过POI密度分布来判别城市建成区边界的技术方法。为此,开发了Densi-Graph分析方法,用来分析POI密度等值线的变化趋势,在此基础上对城乡过渡地带的阈值识别的方法进行了理论分析,并讨论了单中心圆结构、双中心“鱼眼型”结构、双中心“子母型”结构等各类城市POI密度等值线的生长规律,证明了Densi-Graph分析方法的适用性。较之以往的城市建成区边界识别方法,这种方法的基础数据更加直观可信,分析结果也更加客观。运用这种方法,本文对全国地级以上城市的建成区边界进行了实证分析,探索了城市建成区边界的阈值及其与城市人口规模、城市所在区域之间的关系。 相似文献
6.
为了比较分析不同数据对格网化社会经济活动空间分布精度差异性的影响,以北京市为例,基于土地利用数据对第一产业空间建模,基于NPP/VIIRS夜间灯光数据和POI数据运用熵值赋权和代用数据空间展布的方法对第二、三产业空间建模,将第一产业和第二、三产业进行格网叠加,并与辖区GDP统计数据进行误差分析。结果表明:借助土地利用数据、NPP/VIIRS夜间灯光数据和POI数据的GDP空间模拟结果与真实分布格局较为一致,而使用土地利用数据和夜间灯光数据进行GDP空间化模拟的精度明显降低。因此,将反映细节信息的POI数据加入到GDP空间化研究后,能够进一步扩展GDP空间化的数据源,提高GDP空间化模拟精度。基于土地利用数据、NPP/VIIRS夜光数据和POI数据可以实现较高精度的GDP空间化模拟。 相似文献
7.
划定“三线”(生态红线、城市开发边界、基本农田保护红线)是构建城市生产、生态、生活空间格局和实现“多规合一”的关键。但在实际工作中,“三线”由不同部门依据不同准则划定,在空间上往往存在冲突。本文以武汉都市发展区为例,从图斑层面探讨“三线冲突”的类型与表征,并分别采用空间格局分析和相关分析法研究“三线冲突”的空间格局特征和区域条件对其影响。研究结果表明：①武汉都市发展区内“三线冲突”以生态—耕地冲突和生态—城市冲突为主,城市—耕地冲突面积较小;②生态—耕地、生态—城市和城市—耕地冲突热点分别集中于都市发展区边缘、都市发展区内部和城乡过渡带,呈圈层分异的特点;③区域条件的6个指标对3类“三线冲突”子类型冲突强度的影响因素各不相同。研究结论为：一是“三线冲突”强度可以用“三线冲突”强度指数(TLCI)表征;二是空间自相关分析、梯度分析、景观格局分析法可以很好地刻画“三线冲突”空间特征;三是对“三线冲突”的自然—人文驱动机制的研究有待进一步完善和深化。本文有助于从城市空间视角加深对“多规冲突”问题的理解,识别“三线冲突”的自然—人文驱动因子,为实现“多规合一”提供理论支撑。 相似文献
8.
Hsiu-Min Chuang Ting-Yao Kao Chung-Ting Cheng Ya-Yun Huang Kuo-Pin Cheong 《International journal of geographical information science》2016,30(7):1405-1425
With the popularity of mobile devices and smartphones, we have witnessed rapid growth in mobile applications and services, especially in location-based services (LBS). According to a mobile marketing survey, maps/location searches are among the most utilized services on smartphones. Points of interest (POIs), such as stores, shops, gas stations, parking lots, and bus stops, are particularly important for maps/location searches. Existing map services such as Google Maps and Wikimapia are constructed manually either professionally or with crowd sourcing. However, manual annotation is costly and limited in current POI search services. With the abundance of information on the Web, many store POIs can be extracted from the Web. In this paper, we focus on automatically constructing a POI database to enable store POI map searches. We propose techniques that are required to construct a POI database, including focused crawling, information extraction, and information retrieval techniques. We first crawl Yellow Page web sites to obtain vocabularies of store names. These vocabularies are then investigated with search engines to obtain sentences containing these store names from search snippets in order to train a store name recognition model. To extract POIs scattered across the Web, we propose a query-based crawler to find address-bearing pages that might be used to extract addresses and store names. We crawled 1.25 million distinct POI pairs scattered across the Web and implemented a POI search service via Apache Lucent’s search platform, called Solr. The experimental results demonstrate that the proposed geographical information retrieval model outperforms Wikimapia and a commercial app called ‘What’s the Number?’ 相似文献
9.
充分利用大数据开展城市用地功能识别，有助于把握城市空间结构，推动城市内部空间合理布局。POI数据是大数据时代一种较易获得且极具代表性的空间点状数据，能够有效地确定城市用地的实际功能。以济南市内五区的185126条POI数据为基础，对所得数据进行去重、纠偏、重分类，构建城市用地功能分类体系，运用频数密度、类型比例及核密度估计，识别济南市内五区城市用地功能并利用误差矩阵对识别结果进行检验。结果表明：①混合功能用地与单一功能用地呈现圈层化地域分布特征，“核心-外围”分异明显；②由内向外单一功能用地集聚趋势减弱，混合功能用地多样性降低，不同用地表现出不同的空间分布模式；③通过误差矩阵及与用地规划图中规划用地及电子地图的实际用地对比，识别总体精度为75.67%，识别结果较为准确。 相似文献
10.
Integrating heterogeneous spatial data is a crucial problem for geographical information systems (GIS) applications. Previous studies mainly focus on the matching of heterogeneous road networks or heterogeneous polygonal data sets. Few literatures attempt to approach the problem of integrating the point of interest (POI) from volunteered geographic information (VGI) and professional road networks from official mapping agencies. Hence, the article proposes an approach for integrating VGI POIs and professional road networks. The proposed method first generates a POI connectivity graph by mining the linear cluster patterns from POIs. Secondly, the matching nodes between the POI connectivity graph and the associated road network are fulfilled by probabilistic relaxation and refined by a vector median filtering (VMF). Finally, POIs are aligned to the road network by an affine transformation according to the matching nodes. Experiments demonstrate that the proposed method integrates both the POIs from VGI and the POIs from official mapping agencies with the associated road networks effectively and validly, providing a promising solution for enriching professional road networks by integrating VGI POIs. 相似文献
11.
以广州市为例,基于NPP/VIIRS夜间灯光、土地利用、POI（Points of Interest）等自然地理和社会经济因素,构建了人口空间化指标体系,采用主成分赋权法确定人口分布权重,利用GIS技术对人口统计数据进行了空间化处理。结果显示：综合考虑了自然地理和社会经济因素的人口空间化结果与真实的人口空间格局相吻合,空间分辨率为30 m,且相对误差绝对值＜25%的乡镇有62个,所占比例为36.47%;而不加POI数据得到的人口空间化结果,相对绝对值＜25%的乡镇有33个,所占比例约为20%,精度明显降低。结果表明：1）综合考虑NPP/VIIRS夜间灯光、土地利用、POI等自然地理和社会经济因素,有助于实现精度较高的人口空间化结果;2）将能够反映微观细节信息的POI数据引入人口空间化研究,扩展了人口空间化的数据源,并且可以提高人口空间化结果的精度。 相似文献
12.
Measurements of POI-based mixed use and their relationships with neighbourhood vibrancy 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
Yang Yue Yan Zhuang Anthony G. O. Yeh Jin-Yun Xie Cheng-Lin Ma Qing-Quan Li 《International journal of geographical information science》2017,31(4):658-675
Although mixed use is an emerging strategy that has been widely accepted in urban planning for promoting neighbourhood vibrancy, there is no consensus on how to quantitatively measure the mix and the effects of mixed use on neighbourhood vibrancy. Shannon entropy, the most commonly used diversity measurement in assessing mixed use, has been found to be inadequate in measuring the multifaceted, multidimensional characteristics of mixed use. And lack of data also makes it difficult to find the relationship between mixed use and neighbourhood vibrancy. However, the recent availability of new sources including mobile phone data and Point of Interest (POI) data have made it possible to develop new indices of mixed use and neighbourhood vibrancy to analyse their relationships. Taking advantage of these emerging new data sources, this study used the numbers of mobile phone users in a 24-hour period as a proxy of neighbourhood vibrancy and used POIs from a navigation database to develop a series of mixed-use indicators that can better reflect the multifaceted, multidimensional characteristics of mixed-use neighbourhoods. The Hill numbers, a unified form of diversity measurement used in ecological literature that includes richness, entropy, and the Simpson index, are used to measure the degrees of mixed use. Using such fine-grained data sets and the Hill numbers allowed us to obtain better insights into the relationship between mixed use and neighbourhood vibrancy. Four models varying in POI measurements that reflect different dimensions of mixed use were presented. The results showed that either POI density or entropy can explain approximately 1% of neighbourhood vibrancy, while POI richness contributes significantly in improving neighbourhood vibrancy. The results also revealed that the entropy has limitations as a measure for representing mixed use and demonstrated the necessity of adopting a set of more appropriate measurements for mixed use. Increasing the number of POIs has limited power to improve neighbourhood vibrancy compared with encouraging the mixing of complementary POIs. These exploratory findings may be useful for adjusting mixed-use assessments and to help guide urban planning and neighbourhood design. 相似文献
13.
基于GIS场模型的城市餐饮服务热点探测及空间格局分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
餐饮服务是城市生活的重要组成部分,提取城市餐饮服务热点并识别其空间分布模式,对于理解城市形态结构具有重要意义。针对过去基于POI进行城市形态特征定量分析的不足,利用GIS场模型对城市特征要素的空间分布模式进行识别,并采用地学信息图谱对其模式进行可视化和分析。以济南市主城区4.71万个餐饮服务POI作为主要数据源,首先基于密度场热点探测模型提取餐饮服务热点并按照密度值进行等级划分;然后采用广义对称结构图谱和数字场层次结构图谱表达餐饮服务热点的空间分布结构特征和规模等级结构特征,并构建其分布模式图谱;最后对结果展开讨论。研究表明：① 数字场热点探测模型能够有效地从POI中识别出不同等级的热点。② 广义对称结构图谱和基于GIS场模型的层级结构图谱能够分别从纵横两个方面分析和表达餐饮热点的空间分布结构和层次等级结构特征。综上所述,本研究为基于POI的城市特征要素提取和城市形态研究提供了一种有效的定量分析思路,其方法也可以推广至其他城市特征要素的提取、分析和表达当中。 相似文献
14.
基于POI数据的建设用地多功能混合利用空间分异研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
建设用地多功能混合利用对提升区域用地效率、增进国土空间效能具有重要意义。论文构建基于生产—生活—生态空间(即三生空间)的建设用地多功能混合利用分析框架,以济南市为研究区,采用POI数据,利用熵模型、景观格局分析和关联规则挖掘方法,探究土地混合利用的空间分异特征。结果显示,研究区建设用地混合利用以生产空间、生产—生活空间和生活空间为主;核心城区的建设用地混合利用度较高,而生产、生活空间集中连片,生态空间嵌入不足;乡村地区景观的破碎化特征明显,以生产—生活空间引领的建设用地混合利用度较低;产业园区的生活—生态空间在网络中处于边缘位置,加强园区内部规划与周边区域形成互补的生活、生态空间,是实现园区土地可持续利用的关键。关联规则的分析结果表明,科学的生产空间规划是优化混合利用的重要抓手,而合理的生态空间布局对带动区域建设用地混合利用起着关键作用。研究基于POI数据,从行为空间互动理论视角探究建设用地多功能混合规律,丰富了现有土地混合利用理论与方法体系,也为土地利用政策制定及城市空间格局优化提供了科学依据。 相似文献
15.
Xiaoping Liu Jialv He Jinbao Zhang Haolin Liang Huan Wang 《International journal of geographical information science》2017,31(8):1675-1696
Urban land use information plays an important role in urban management, government policy-making, and population activity monitoring. However, the accurate classification of urban functional zones is challenging due to the complexity of urban systems. Many studies have focused on urban land use classification by considering features that are extracted from either high spatial resolution (HSR) remote sensing images or social media data, but few studies consider both features due to the lack of available models. In our study, we propose a novel scene classification framework to identify dominant urban land use type at the level of traffic analysis zone by integrating probabilistic topic models and support vector machine. A land use word dictionary inside the framework was built by fusing natural–physical features from HSR images and socioeconomic semantic features from multisource social media data. In addition to comparing with manual interpretation data, we designed several experiments to test the land use classification accuracy of our proposed model with different combinations of previously acquired semantic features. The classification results (overall accuracy = 0.865, Kappa = 0.828) demonstrate the effectiveness of our strategy that blends features extracted from multisource geospatial data as semantic features to train the classification model. This method can be applied to help urban planners analyze fine urban structures and monitor urban land use changes, and additional data from multiple sources will be blended into this proposed framework in the future. 相似文献
16.
城市轨道交通对土地利用变化的时空效应 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
定量分析轨道交通对城市内部精细土地利用复杂变化影响的时空效应,对于预测未来新建站点对土地利用的影响以及规划方案的调整与优化具有重要的指导意义。本文提出结合历史高分遥感影像与POI数据获取多时间节点精细土地利用信息的方法,并以广州市二号和八号地铁线为例,结合逐步回归模型与站点用地功能分类,从时间和空间两个维度定量研究地铁对土地利用转变的复杂影响过程与空间差异规律。结果表明,轨道交通促使站点周边低密度居住用地向商业用地、高密度居住用地等高效益土地利用方式的转变;轨道交通在规划、建设、运营不同阶段对于周边土地利用的影响呈现显著的差异规律;地铁站点对土地利用变化影响规律具有明显的空间异质性特征,与站点在城市里的位置以及站点周边的土地利用有关,对城市中心区域的影响较小,对郊区的影响主要与可用的非建设用地面积相关,而工业用地对土地利用变化具有限制作用;轨道交通还带来用地功能和性质的转变,这样的转变大多发生在地铁站点开通运营的时间点。 相似文献
17.
土地利用动态变化的空间测算模型研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
The spatial calculating analysis model is based on GIS overlay. It will compartmentalize the land in research district into three spatial types: unchanged parts, converted parts and increased parts.By this method we can evaluate the numerical model and dynamic degree model for calculating land-use change rates. Furthermore, the paper raises the possibility of revising the calculating analysis model of spatial information in order to predicate more precisely the dynamic changing level of all types of land uses. In the most concrete terms, the model is used mainly to understand changed area and changed rates (increasing or decreasing) of different land types from microcosmic angle and establish spatial distribution and spatio-temporal principles of the changing urban lands. And we will try to find out why the situation can take place by combining social and economic situations. The result indicates the calculating analysis model of spatial information can derive more accurate procedure of spatial transference and increase of all kinds of land from microcosmic angle. By this model and technology we can conduct the research of land-use spatio-temporal structure evolution more systematically and more deeply, and can obtain a satisfactory result. The result will benefit the rational planning and management of urban land use of developed coastal areas in China in the future. 相似文献
18.
Zhixiang Fang Yang Xu Shih-Lung Shaw Ling Yin 《International journal of geographical information science》2017,31(11):2119-2141
Understanding the stability of urban flows is critical for urban transportation, urban planning and public health. However, few studies have measured the stability of aggregate human convergence or divergence patterns. We propose a spatiotemporal model for assessing the stability of human convergence and divergence patterns. A mobile phone location data set obtained from Shenzhen, China, was used to assess the stability of daily human convergence and divergence patterns at three different spatial scales, i.e. points (cell phone towers), lines (bus lines) and areas (traffic analysis zones [TAZs]). Our analysis results demonstrated that the proposed model can identify points and bus lines with time-dependent variations in stability, which is useful for delineating TAZs for transportation planning, or adjusting bus timetables and routes to meet the needs of bus riders. Comparisons of the results obtained from the proposed model and the widely used entropy measure indicated that the proposed model is suitable for assessing the differences in stability for various types of spatial analysis units, e.g. cell phone towers. Therefore, the proposed model is a useful alternative approach of measuring spatiotemporal stability of aggregate human convergence and divergence patterns, which can be derived from the space–time trajectories of moving objects. 相似文献
19.
Yao Yao Xia Li Jinbao Zhang Zhaotang Liang Ke Mai 《International journal of geographical information science》2017,31(6):1220-1244
Fine-scale population distribution data at the building level play an essential role in numerous fields, for example urban planning and disaster prevention. The rapid technological development of remote sensing (RS) and geographical information system (GIS) in recent decades has benefited numerous population distribution mapping studies. However, most of these studies focused on global population and environmental changes; few considered fine-scale population mapping at the local scale, largely because of a lack of reliable data and models. As geospatial big data booms, Internet-collected volunteered geographic information (VGI) can now be used to solve this problem. This article establishes a novel framework to map urban population distributions at the building scale by integrating multisource geospatial big data, which is essential for the fine-scale mapping of population distributions. First, Baidu points-of-interest (POIs) and real-time Tencent user densities (RTUD) are analyzed by using a random forest algorithm to down-scale the street-level population distribution to the grid level. Then, we design an effective iterative building-population gravity model to map population distributions at the building level. Meanwhile, we introduce a densely inhabited index (DII), generated by the proposed gravity model, which can be used to estimate the degree of residential crowding. According to a comparison with official community-level census data and the results of previous population mapping methods, our method exhibits the best accuracy (Pearson R = .8615, RMSE = 663.3250, p < .0001). The produced fine-scale population map can offer a more thorough understanding of inner city population distributions, which can thus help policy makers optimize the allocation of resources. 相似文献
20.
Ruifeng Ding 《International journal of geographical information science》2018,32(8):1631-1648
How to exploit various features of users and points of interest (POIs) for accurate POI recommendation is important in location-based social networks (LBSNs). In this paper, a novel POI recommendation framework, named RecNet, is proposed, which is developed based on a deep neural network (DNN) to incorporate various features in LBSNs and learn their joint influence on user behavior. More specifically, co-visiting, geographical and categorical influences in LBSNs are exploited to alleviate the data sparsity issue in POI recommendation and are converted to feature vector representations of POIs and users via feature embedding. Moreover, the embedded POIs and users are fed into a DNN pairwise to adaptively learn high-order interactions between features. Our method is evaluated on two publicly available LBSNs datasets and experimental results show that RecNet outperforms state-of-the-art algorithms for POI recommendation. 相似文献