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本文是对吉林榆树周家油坊二级阶地沉积进行孢粉分析的总结。从孢粉资料可以说明,沉积物堆积时期的古植被属森林草原类型,气候寒冷较湿。通过孢粉组合对比,二级阶地形成的时代为晚更新世晚期。 周家油坊在吉林省榆树县西南18公里,因该处二级阶地盛产第四纪哺乳动物化石,所以该地不仅成为东北地区第四纪的“标准”地层之一,也尝有“榆树动物群”之称。但因化石层位欠清,所以在地质时代等问题上仍存争议。为了探讨“榆树动物群”的生活环境及阶地沉积的地质时代,建立该区第四纪孢粉地层层序,在二级阶地采集了一些样品进行孢粉分析 相似文献
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依据松辽盆地西部斜坡区首次新近纪全取芯井样品中获得的丰富孢粉与藻类化石的分布特征,自下而上划分出两个孢粉藻类组合,命名为Caryapollenites simplex-Momipites coryloides-Celtispollenites sp.-Tsugaepollenites igniculus组合和Artemisiaepollenites minorBetulaceoipollenites sp.-Carpinipites sp.-Polypodiaceaesporites sp.组合,分别分布于大安组和泰康组中下部;前者的地质时代为早中新世晚期至中中新世,后者为晚中新世至上新世初期.依据孢粉藻类组合特征,推测研究区大安组沉积时的气候相当于现代的暖温带至北亚热带中生气候,植被基本上为落叶阔叶,间夹少量常绿阔叶的针阔叶混交林,林下有少量蕨类植物,局部有淡水浅水湿地;泰康组沉积时其植被仍以落叶阔叶间夹有少量常绿阔叶的针阔叶混交林为主,林下旱生草本植物较为发育,处于暖温带至北亚热带中生偏旱范围之内,但比大安组沉积时期更凉一些和更旱一些.上述孢粉组合特征确定的地质时代以及古植被和古气候分析结论,丰富了松辽盆地中新生代孢粉地层学研究内容,为今后松辽盆地井下新近纪孢粉地层对比提供了最新参考资料,为邻区新近纪生物地层对比以及古植被和古气候分析提供了孢粉学证据. 相似文献
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吉兰泰盐湖沉积物孢粉记录的季风边缘区全新世气候演化 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
全新世气候具有不稳定性,且存在着区域差异,在季风边缘区尤为显著.因此,本研究选取季风边缘区吉兰泰盐湖沉积物的孢粉记录并结合AMS14C测年结果,对该地区全新世的古植被演化及古气候变化历史进行了重建.结果表明,在全新世阶段,该地区植被类型未发生变化,以干旱的荒漠植被为主.早全新世(10.5 8.5 cal ka BP),以蒿属孢粉为主,伴随出现少量藜科、禾本科及麻黄属孢粉,蒿藜比(A/C比值)相对稳定(4.11左右),指示全新世早期气候逐步转湿的过程,在8.5 cal ka BP,蒿属孢粉数量下降且被藜科孢粉取代,指示一次明显气候干旱事件;中全新世(8.5 3.5 cal ka BP),蒿属孢粉含量增加及藜科孢粉含量降低,A/C比值在7.1 cal ka BP左右达到峰值,指示该地区中全新世气候最为湿润;晚全新世(3.5 cal ka BP至今),藜科孢粉含量增加且超过早全新世,A/C比值低至3.66,区域呈现明显的干旱化趋势.此外,结合吉兰泰盐湖沉积物矿物组成结果,发现中全新世湖泊沉积物中,钙芒硝大量出现,一定程度上指示降水量增多所带来的淡水注入,与孢粉指标指示该阶段湿润的结果一致.通过区域对比,发现吉兰泰地区在全新世时期的气候演化模式与东亚季风区具有较好的一致性,表明该地区受到东亚夏季风的影响较大,尤其是在中全新世,东亚夏季风增强,带来较多的降水,气候湿润. 相似文献
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WANG Lei SHEN Jun YU Xiao-hui WAN Yong-kui YU Yang SHAO Bo YANG Chuan-cheng 《地震地质》2016,38(2):447-457
The Gudian Fault in the southwest of Songyuan is an important fault in the central depression of the Songliao Basin. It was recognized from the petroleum exploration data. Based on the data, we conducted shallow seismic exploration, drilling exploration, age determination(OSL) and topography measurement. The fault features and its motion characteristics are analyzed with the results of shallow seismic exploration. With stratigraphic correlation and optical stimulated luminescence dating, the latest active age of the fault is determined. The surface relief of the region to the southeast of the drilling site is relatively larger than surrounding places. An 800m long section across the fault was measured by GPSRTK, and the deformation amount across the zone was calculated. Four conclusions are drawn in this paper:(1) The Gudian Fault is arcuate in shape and shows a property of inverse fault with a length of about 66km in the reflection interface T1(bottom of the upper Cretaceous Nenjiang Group). (2) The middle part of the fault rupture is wider than the ends, narrowing or dying out outwards. According to this feature and the rupture of the bottom of the fourth segment of the upper Cretaceous Nenjiang Group, the fault can be divided into three segments, e.g. Daliba Village-Gaizijing-Guyang segment, Guyang-Shenjingzi-Julongshan Village segment and Julongshan Village-Caiyuanzi segment. (3) The yellow silt layer at the base of the upper Pleistocene series ((33.66±3.27) ka BP~50ka BP) is offset by the Gudian Fault, while the upper tawny silt layer is not influenced by the fault. Thus, the fault belongs to late Pleistocene active fault. (4) The amount of geomorphic deformation around Shenjingzi is 9m. The depth of the bottom of the upper Pleistocene series is 11m and the Huangshan Group of the mid Pleistocene series exposes to the southeast of the deformation zone. Therefore, the throw of the bottom of the upper Pleistocene series is about 20m at the sides of the deformation zone. In addition, the Qianguo M6(3/4) earthquake occurred in Songyuan area in 1119 AD. Though some studies have been done, arguments still exist on the seismogenic structure of the Qianguo M6(3/4) earthquake. Combined with others studies, Gudian Fault is considered as the seismogenic structure of the Qianguo M6(3/4) earthquake. 相似文献
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FAULT ACTIVITY OF THE SOUTHWESTERN SEGMENT OF THE EASTERN BRANCH OF XINYI-LIANJIANG FAULT ZONE IN GUANGDONG PROVINCE 
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下载免费PDF全文 The NE-trending Xinyi-Lianjiang fault zone is a tectonic belt, located in the interior of the Yunkai uplift in the west of Guangdong Province, clamping the Lianjiang synclinorium and consisting of the eastern branch and the western branch. The southwestern segment of the eastern branch of Xinyi-Lianjiang fault zone, about 34km long, extends from the north of Guanqiao, through Lianjiang, to the north of Hengshan. However, it is still unclear about whether the segment extends to Jiuzhoujiang alluvial plain or not, which is in the southwest of Hengshan. If it does, what is about its fault activity? According to ‘Catalogue of the Modern Earthquakes of China’, two moderately strong earthquakes with magnitude 6.0 and 6.5 struck the Lianjiang region in 1605 AD. So it is necessary to acquire the knowledge about the activity of the segment fault, which is probably the corresponding seismogenic structure of the two destructive earthquakes. And the study on the fault activity of the segment can boost the research on seismotectonics of moderately strong earthquakes in Southeast China. In order to obtain the understanding of the existence of the buried fault of the southwestern segment, shallow seismic exploration profiles and composite borehole sections have been conducted. The results indicate its existence. Two shallow seismic exploration profiles show that buried depth of the upper breakpoints and vertical throw of the buried fault are 60m and 4~7m(L5-1 and L5-2 segment, the Hengshan section), 85m and 5~8m(L5-3 segment), 73m and 3~5m(Tiantouzai section), respectively and all of them suggest the buried fault has offset the base of the Quaternary strata. Two composite borehole sections reveal that the depth of the upper breakpoints and vertical throws of the buried segment are about 66m and 7.5m(Hengshan section) and 75m and 5m(Tiantouzai section), respectively. The drilling geological section in Hengshan reveals that the width of the fault could be up to 27m. Chronology data of Quaternary strata in the two drilling sections, obtained by means of electron spin resonance(ESR), suggest that the latest activity age of the buried fault of the southwestern segment is from late of early Pleistocene(Tiantouzai section) to early stage of middle Pleistocene(Hengshan section). Slip rates, obtained by Hengshan section and Tiantouzai section, are 0.1mm/a and 0.013mm/a, respectively. As shown by the fault profile located in a bedrock exposed region in Shajing, there are at least two stages of fault gouge and near-horizontal striation on the fault surface, indicating that the latest activity of the southwestern segment is characterized by strike-slip movement. Chronology data suggest that the age of the gouge formed in the later stage is(348±49) ka. 相似文献
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在唐山地震区及其外围用数字大地电磁测深仪测量结果表明,在低电阻沉积表层下,地壳分为两层:高电阻的上地壳及低电阻的下地壳.高阻上地壳在地震区呈透镜状,其东、南、西三面为断层所切唐山主震及其绝大多数余震即发生在这高阻上地壳内.而低阻下地壳内余震则甚少,主震位于高阻上地壳底面 C 向下凸出的部位.居里等温面深度变化及余震深度下限的起伏与界面 C 的下凸相吻合.因此,无论从竖向分层还是从横向非均匀性上看,唐山主震及其大多数余震都与高阻上地壳密切相关.岩石力学性质从上地壳的脆性变为下地壳的延性,主要由于围压的增加、矿物的变化、温度的升高及孔隙压力的适当分布等因素联合作用的结果.考虑到岩石电性主要受岩石中的温度和自由水含量的控制,少量水的存在及温度的升高可使岩石电阻率明显降低,而岩石电性对所受静压力、矿物成分等因素的变化则不甚敏感,故推论无论从竖向分层,或从横向非均匀性上看,地壳中介质的高电阻与其脆性,低电阻与介质的延性,在成因上是有联系的,从而显示出地壳电性结构与潜在震源危险带之间可能有内在联系. 相似文献
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在海河隐伏断裂精确定位的基础上 ,文中利用天津地区晚第四纪地层中的 4个海相地层作为标志层 ,通过地质钻孔勘探、微体古生物鉴定、地层对比及年代学测定和研究 ,获得了海河断裂的晚第四纪活动特征。研究表明 ,海河断裂在天津市区段的上断点埋深为 2 1m ,对应的最新活动时代为晚更新世晚期至全新世早、中期 ,塘沽区段的上断点埋深为 16 4m ,最新活动时代已进入了全新世早、中期 ;天津市区段在晚更新世晚期 (36 2 90aBP)以来 ,垂直运动速度为 0 2 4 8mm/a ,塘沽区段全新世(72 0 0aBP)以来的平均垂直运动速率为 0 333mm/a。这表明海河断裂塘沽区段 (东段 )的活动性明显高于市区段 (西段 相似文献
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西宁地区位于黄土高原与青藏高原的接壤处,是环境和气候变迁的敏感地带。本文对西宁市北川河河谷地区黄土沉积的钻孔剖面进行了孢粉分析,获得了比较丰富的孢粉数据,结果呈现出以松、桦、蒿及藜等木本及草本植物花粉为主的孢粉组合。据各类植物花粉量在该剖面垂向上的明显变化,由下而上可划分为5个孢粉带。研究表明,该剖面的孢粉分析数据及资料不仅记录了75kaB.P以来大量的古地理及古环境的变迁,也揭示了西宁地区晚更新世以来古植被及古气候的演替及变化,其演变分别经历了5个阶段:第一阶段为森林型针叶林,反应了温爽轻湿的气候;第二阶段为针叶林,为温凉轻润的气候;第三阶段为针叶林夹稀树草原,属温和湿润夹温凉轻湿的气候;第四阶段为森林草原,反应了温凉轻爽的气候;第五阶段为针叶林,反应了温和湿润的气候。 相似文献