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1.
西藏纳木错盆地116ka以来沉积演化与青藏高原隆升 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
根据湖相或湖滨相沉积的铀系等时线年龄测定结果,116kaB.P.以来,在西藏纳木错沿岸,发育了拔湖48m以下的6级湖岸阶地和拔湖48m以上,最高至139.2m的高位湖相沉积.可划分出3个沉积相组合,其演化可划分为4个阶段:①116~72kaB.P.,为深湖环境,古湖面拔湖高于现今纳木错140~48m;②72~37kaB.P.,为半深湖环境,拔湖为48~26m;③37~30kaB.P.,为浅湖环境,拔湖26~19m;④30kaB.P.以来,湖水逐渐变浅,拔湖<19m.纳木错盆地沉积与青藏高原隆升响应关系,揭示出高原自116kaB.P.以来先后经历了稳定期、持续逐步较快隆升期(116~37kaB.P.)、急剧强烈阶段性隆升期(37~30kaB.P.)和较稳定期(30kaB.P.以来).青藏高原的隆升是一个多阶段、不等速和非均变的复杂过程. 相似文献
2.
西藏纳木错湖相沉积的U系、14C年龄和孢粉分析结果表明,纳木错沿岸的拔湖约1.5～8.3m和8.3～15.6m的T1和T2分别形成于末次盛冰期以来约(11.81±0.10)～(4.22±0.09)kaB.P.期间和(28.2±2.8)kaB.P.左右。该套湖相层的孢粉组合、地层和湖岸堤的分布表明,在末次盛冰期期间,纳木错湖面主要波动于拔湖12～20m之间,但湖面最低可达拔湖约8m。区域植被主要为以蒿和莎草科为主、含松和桦的草原。在约11.8～4.2kaB.P.期间,湖面波动于拔湖2～9m之间,区域气候整体较为暖湿。其中全新世大暖期出现在约8.4～4.2kaB.P.期间,气候温暖湿润,区域出现针叶林或针阔叶混交林,气温可能比现今高约5℃,降水量可能比现今多100～200mm,湖面扩张并升高,最高可达拔湖约10m。 相似文献
3.
干旱区河流及湖泊变化是环境演变的最重要标志之一。本文根据实际调查、历史记载和遥感图像解译,论证了塔里木河河道变迁及水量变化与罗布泊的演化关系。魏晋及其以前,塔里木河与孔雀河合流从北面入罗布泊,当时上游农业规模小,入湖水量多,罗布泊水域面积达到5350km2。此后,孔雀河入塔里木河,从南面经喀拉和顺入罗布泊,由于绿洲面积扩大,引水增加,到了清末罗布泊水域明显缩小,但还没有干涸。1921～1952年塔里木河再度与孔雀河汇流,又从北面入罗布泊,湖面扩大到1900km2,代表了这一时期的罗布泊水域,因此罗布泊不是20世纪30年代末40年代初干涸。1952年塔里木河与孔雀河分流,孔雀河单独入湖,水量减少,使湖面缩小,但直至1959年中国科学院新疆综合考察队对罗布泊进行考察时仍有广阔的水面,1961年仍未干涸。孔雀河灌区为扩大灌溉面积,于1958年和1962年,分别在普惠和阿克苏甫修了拦河大坝和水库引起下游断流。因此,罗布泊应在1962年以后逐渐干涸,直到1972年美国第一颗地球资源卫星照片上才得到反映。同时,还根据塔里木盆地绿洲发展、水资源利用及水系关系,分析了罗布泊干涸的原因及与塔里木河开发有着必然联系,主要是人类活动改变了地表径流的地域分配,上中游引水过多,造成下游断流和尾闾湖干涸。 相似文献
4.
文章主要研究和讨论青海省格尔木市昆仑河第五级阶地的三岔河组河湖相沉积,特别是其上部的一套典型的湖相沉积。根据野牛沟和纳赤台西北两剖面三岔河组沉积样品的ESR和U系法年龄测定结果,三岔河组堆积于约355～95kaB.P.间,而被称为昆仑古湖的湖相沉积大致开始于约 200～160kaB.P.（ESR）或约150kaB.P.（U系）,结束于约 150～120kaB.P.（ESR）或约95kaB.P.（U系）左右,其中深湖时期约为190kaB.P.（ESR）或约110～100kaB.P.（U系）左右。此外,纳赤台东北昆仑河第三级阶地剖面上部的湖相沉积,则是约90(ESR)/72～25kaB.P.（U系）的末次冰期期间形成,可称为纳赤台古湖。根据昆仑古湖湖相沉积地层中的沉积构造和所发现的介形类化石,讨论了湖泊的沉积环境;根据区域对比,认为三岔河组发育于约355～95kaB.P.,而其中约120～95kaB.P.的末次间冰期的早中期则是昆仑古湖的发育时期与青藏高原的羌塘东湖等古大湖发育早期的最高湖面时期,而40～30kaB.P.的MIS3的后半段只是这些大湖分解过程中的一个阶段。 相似文献
5.
新疆楼兰佛塔剖面(40°30.980'N,89°54.849'E)深度6m,以5cm间距采样,共采121个样,进行了粒度、总碳、无机碳、有机碳、氮含量分析,根据光释光年龄结果内插得出剖面时间跨度为10.84～4.69kaB.P.,剖面气候环境可划分为3个阶段:10.84～10.13kaB.P.为高湖面湿润时期;10.13～7.45kaB.P.沉积间断,气候干旱;7.45～4.69kaB.P.罗布泊气候相对湿润,其间湖泊存在多次的收缩与扩张,湖面扩张是短时间快速完成的,湖面衰退是逐渐变化的.楼兰佛塔剖面顶部年龄为4.69kaB.P.,此区发现的石器基本为地表采集,年代不会早于4.69kaB.P.. 相似文献
6.
新疆罗布泊地区罗北洼地CK2钻孔的孢粉记录揭示出： 32.0～9.1kaB.P. 植被演替明显,气候干湿波动显著; 晚冰期向全新世过渡期间,气候波动频繁且具突变性。31.98～19.26kaB.P.罗布泊地区处于末次冰期的盛冰期阶段,气候寒冷湿润,冷暖波动频繁,但幅度不大,研究区植被以草原－荒漠草原为主; 19.26～13.67kaB.P. 气候明显变为温暖干燥,植被以荒漠为主; 13.67～12.73kaB.P.气候冷湿偏干,植被以草原－荒漠草原为主; 12.73～9.14kaB.P.气候冷湿与暖干交替频繁,波动幅度较大,植被逐渐由荒漠向草原－荒漠草原过渡。其中, 16.45～15.39kaB.P.,14.27～13.67kaB.P.和 11.74～11.23kaB.P.之间的冷颤动分别相应于老仙女木、中仙女木和新仙女木事件; 15.39～14.27kaB.P.和 12.73～11.74kaB.P.之间的暖期则分别对应于欧洲博令和阿勒罗得暖期; 新仙女木事件后的气候具有突变性的特点,10.49kaB.P.前后的暖事件和9.14kaB.P.前后的冷事件,成为全新世早期气候变化的显著特征。孢粉浓度和花粉组合所反映的罗布泊地区晚冰期以来的气候演化同全球性的气候事件具有显著的可比性。 相似文献
7.
笔者通过西藏佩枯错盆地帮荣组剖面的野外地质调查以及沉积物粒度、磁化率、碳酸盐等环境指标的分析,结合ESR法和U系测年资料,分析了晚更新世帮荣组沉积环境演化特征。分析结果表明,127～15kaB.P.的晚更新世时,佩枯错盆地进入强烈断陷阶段,佩枯错古湖经历了初始浅湖期,发展深湖期和萎缩浅湖期一个完整的湖泊演化过程。127～56kaB.P.,气候温暖湿润,湖水增加,古湖发育进入浅湖期;56～31kaB.P.,湖水波动上升,古湖进入发展深湖期;31～15kaB.P.,湖泊步入萎缩浅湖期,15kaB.P.左右出现的冻融褶皱,可能指示该区进入冰缘期。 相似文献
8.
新疆罗布泊旅游资源特征 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
罗布泊曾为中国第二大内陆湖泊,随着自然环境的变迁以及塔里木河上游筑坝截流,使罗布泊无水流补给于1972年彻底干涸,干涸的罗布泊在卫星影像图上呈现出清晰的耳状环形图案,被称为神秘"地球之耳".在罗布泊古湖周围分布有龙城、白龙堆、阿齐克谷地等雅丹地貌,面积达约3 00km2,是我国仅次于柴达木盆的第二大雅丹地貌分布区,由于其位于塔里木盆地东部的荒漠地带,人迹罕至,是世界最神秘的雅丹地貌.除丰富的地质遗迹景观外,在罗布泊还分布有楼兰古城遗址、米兰古城遗址、贵族墓等众多绚丽多彩的人文景观资源.这里原始古朴,是一块充满神秘色彩的地方,是未来旅游开发的热点地区之一. 相似文献
9.
西藏纳木错末次盛冰期以来的古植被、古气候和湖面变化 总被引：4，自引：4，他引：4
西藏纳木错湖相沉积的U系、14C年龄和孢粉分析结果表明,纳木错沿岸的拔湖约1.5～8.3m和8.3～15.6m的T1和T2分别形成于末次盛冰期以来约(11.81±0.10)～(4.22±0.09)kaB.P.期间和(28.2±2.8)kaB.P.左右.该套湖相层的孢粉组合、地层和湖岸堤的分布表明,在末次盛冰期期间,纳木错湖面主要波动于拔湖12～20 m之间,但湖面最低可达拔湖约8m.区域植被主要为以蒿和莎草科为主、含松和桦的草原.在约11.8～4.2ka B.P.期间,湖面波动于拔湖2～9m之间,区域气候整体较为暖湿.其中全新世大暖期出现在约8.4～4.2 ka B.P.期间,气候温暖湿润,区域出现针叶林或针阔叶混交林,气温可能比现今高约5℃,降水量可能比现今多100～200mm,湖面扩张并升高,最高可达拔湖约10m. 相似文献
10.
白利雅盆地位于青藏高原东部,鲜水河断裂带北西段炉霍活断层与达曲活断层的斜接部位.通过野外实际考查,结合Google Earth地图发现白利雅盆地发育一系列的构造地貌:断层三角面、坡中槽、断错阶地、废弃河道、裂陷湖和阶地面变形.盆地发育的4级阶地是构造成因.废弃河道是新的断裂活动形成的新冲沟、新河道——达曲,其快速下切,废弃老河道,形成狭长的‘U’型沟谷.鲜水河断裂的北西段炉霍活断层切过T3河流阶地,说明其(白利雅以北)是在大约14.92kaB.P.以后形成的,可能预示着构造应力场的变化和白利雅盆地形成.对盆地4级阶地(T1,T2,T3和T4)的河流沉积物光释光(OSL)测年结果分别是1.06±0.06kaB.P.,1.83±0.06kaB.P.,14.92±0.76kaB.P.和42.48±2.35kaB.P,代表了相应阶地的沉积年龄.这些结果与阶地前缘陡坎断错的距离计算显示,从42.48kaB.P.和14.92kaB.P.以来,断层走向平均移动速率分别为3.73mm/a和0.85mm/a,显示从中更新世晚期以来,鲜水河断裂带炉霍活断层水平滑移有减慢的趋势.在42.48 ～ 14.92kaB.P.,14.92～1.83kaB.P.和1.83 ～ 1.06kaB.P.,相邻阶地垂向隆升或河流下切的速率分别为0.14mm/a(T4～T3),4.66mm/a(T3 ～ T2)和5.19mm/a(T2～ T1),显示从中更新世晚期以来,阶地垂直隆升或河流下切有加快的趋势. 相似文献
11.
Emily Keeble David I. Whiteside Michael J. Benton 《Proceedings of the Geologists' Association. Geologists' Association》2018,129(2):99-119
Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry in South Wales yielded a rich cache of fossils in the early 1950s, including articulated specimens of new species (the small sauropodomorph dinosaur Pantydraco caducus and the crocodylomorph Terrestrisuchus gracilis), but no substantial study of the wider fauna of the Pant-y-ffynnon fissure systems has been published. Here, our overview of existing specimens, a few described but mostly undescribed, as well as freshly processed material, provides a comprehensive picture of the Pant-y-ffynnon palaeo-island of the Late Triassic. This was an island with a relatively impoverished fauna dominated by small clevosaurs (rhynchocephalians), including a new species, Clevosaurus cambrica, described here from a partially articulated specimen and isolated bones. The new species has a dental morphology that is intermediate between the Late Triassic Clevosaurus hudsoni, from Cromhall Quarry to the east, and the younger C. convallis from Pant Quarry to the west, suggesting adaptive radiation of clevosaurs in the palaeo-archipelago. The larger reptiles on the palaeo-island do not exceed 1.5?m in length, including a small carnivorous crocodylomorph, Terrestrisuchus, and a possible example of insular dwarfism in the basal dinosaur Pantydraco. 相似文献
12.
Gilles Serge Odin 《Comptes Rendus Geoscience》2002,334(6):409-414
Lithostratigraphy, physicochemical stratigraphy, biostratigraphy, and geochronology of the 77–70 Ma old series bracketing the Campanian–Maastrichtian boundary have been investigated by 70 experts. For the first time, direct relationships between macro- and microfossils have been established, as well as direct and indirect relationships between chemo-physical and biostratigraphical tools. A combination of criteria for selecting the boundary level, duration estimates, uncertainties on durations and on the location of biohorizons have been considered; new chronostratigraphic units are proposed. The geological site at Tercis is accepted by the Commission on Stratigraphy as the international reference for the stratigraphy of the studied interval. To cite this article: G.S. Odin, C. R. Geoscience 334 (2002) 409–414. 相似文献
13.
The effect of water on accessory phase solubility in subaluminous and peralkaline granitic melts 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
The solubilities of columbite, tantalite, wolframite, rutile, zircon and hafnon were determined as a function of the water contents in peralkaline and subaluminous granite melts. All experiments were conducted at 1035 °C and 2 kbar and the water contents of the melts ranged from nominally dry to approximately 6 wt.% H2O. Accessory phase solubilities are not affected by the water content of the peralkaline melt. By contrast, solubilities are affected by the water content of the subaluminous melt, where the solubilities of all the accessory phases examined increase with the water content of the melt, up to 2 wt.% H2O. At higher water contents, solubilities are nearly constant. It can be concluded that water is not an important control of accessory phase solubility, although the water content will affect diffusivities of components in the melt, thus whether or not accessory phases will be present as restite material. The solubility behaviour in the subaluminous and peralkaline melts supports previous spectroscopic studies, which have observed differences in the coordination of high field strength elements in dry vs. wet subaluminous granitic glasses, but not for peralkaline granitic glasses. Lastly, the fact that wolframite solubility increases with increasing water content in the subaluminous melt suggests that tungsten dissolved as a hexavalent species. 相似文献
14.
Muriel Rocher Stéphane Baize Stéphane Jaillet Edward Marc Cushing Yannick Lozac&#x;h Francis Lemeille 《Comptes Rendus Geoscience》2003,335(8):701-708
Calcite samples were extracted both from the rock matrix and the superficial coating of a karstified fault plane of an underground quarry, located in the eastern border of the Paris basin. The karstification is dated as Quaternary. Analysis of mechanical calcite twinning reveals that only the calcite matrix has also undergone a compression trending WNW that can be attributed to the Mio-Pliocene alpine collision. Both coating and matrix have undergone a strike-slip regime with σ1 roughly trending north–south, that could correspond to the regional present-day state of stress, a strike-slip compression rather trending NNW, modified by local phenomena. To cite this article: M. Rocher et al., C. R. Geoscience 335 (2003). 相似文献
15.
正20141756 Chen Ruige(Mathematical College,China University of Geosciences,Beijing100083,China);Zhou Xun Numerical Simulation of Groundwater Level Fluctuation in a Coastal Confined Aquifer with Sloping Initial Groundwater Level Induced by the Tide(Geological Bulletin of China,ISSN1671-2552,CN11-4648/P,32(7),2013,p.1099-1104,6 illus.,16 refs.) Key words:confined water,groundwater level 相似文献
16.
正20141408 Cai Jia(Institute of Geology,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences,Beijing100037,China);Liu Fulai Petrogenesis and Metamorphic P-T Conditions of Garnet-Spinel-Biotitebearing Paragneiss in Danangou Area,Daqingshan-Wulashan Metamorphic Complex Belt(Acta Petrologica Sinica,ISSN1000-0569,CN11-1922/P,29(7), 相似文献
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正20142386An Guoying(China Aero Geophysical Survey and Remote Sensing Center for Land and Resources,Beijing 100083,China)Application of Satellite Remote Sensing in Regional Hydrogeological Investigation:Taking Cenozoic Strata in Wenquan Sheet(1∶250 000)of Karakoram Range as an Example(Geosci- 相似文献
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正20141016An Chengbang(Key Laboratory of Western China’s Environmental Systems,Ministry of Education,Lanzhou University,Lanzhou 730000,China);Zhao Yongtao Lake Records during the Last Glacial Maximum from Xinjiang,NW China and Their Climatic Impli- 相似文献
20.
正20141538 Cao Qing(School of Earth Sciences and Engineering,Xi’an Petroleum University,Xi’an 710065,China);Zhao Jingzhou Characteristics and Significance of Fluid Inclusions from Majiagou Formation,Yichuan Huangling Area,Ordos Basin(Advances in Earth Science,ISSN1001-8166,CN62-1091/P,28(7),2013,p.819-828,7 illus.,3 tables,43 refs.) 相似文献