共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
Marina Hruška William Corea Donald Seeburger William Schweller William H. Crane 《Mathematical Geosciences》2009,41(6):703-716
We describe a wavelet-transform-based method for automated segmentation of resistivity image logs that takes into account
the apparent dip in the data and addresses the problem of discriminating lithofacies boundaries from noise and intrafacies
variations. Our method can be applied to borehole measurements in general, but might have an advantage when applied to resistivity
image logs as it addresses explicitly the large variability in facies segments recorded with a high-resolution multiple-sensor
tool. We have developed an algorithm based on this method that might outperform other existing segmentation methods in the
cases of low to moderate dip. We made a detailed comparison of the segmentation from our method with the one done by a geologist
to delineate different lithofacies blocks in a well drilled in a deepwater depositional environment. Our results show considerable
success rates in reproducing the geologically defined lithofacies boundaries, and the generality of our procedure suggests
it could also be applied to other depositional environments. 相似文献
2.
The main goal of this paper is to identify heterogeneities from well logs data using the wavelet-based multifractal analysis. Firstly, the wavelet transform modulus maxima lines method is applied with a moving window of 128 samples to the raw well logs data. After that, the generalized fractal dimensions that correspond to the three first moments of the function of partition are estimated. Application to synthetic and real well logs data of the main and pilot Kontinentales Tiefbohrprogramm de Bundesreplik Deutschland wells shows that the information and the correlation dimensions can be used for heterogeneities analysis and lithofacies segmentation form well logs data. 相似文献
3.
以东营凹陷沙三中亚段三角洲前缘滑塌型重力流砂体为研究对象,利用三维地震、钻井岩心、测录井和分析测试等资料,开展三角洲前缘滑塌型重力流砂体岩相和岩相组合类型划分及分布特征研究。根据泥质含量和沉积构造,划分出13种岩相类型,其中块状层理砂岩相在研究区最为发育。以泥岩、冲刷面或岩相转化面为界,划分出20种岩相组合类型,分为5大类,分别是保留原始沉积构造的岩相组合、变形构造发育的岩相组合、块状层理和碎屑发育的岩相组合、下部碎屑流和上部浊流沉积的岩相组合,以及不完整鲍马序列的岩相组合,反映重力驱动事件中的滑动、滑塌、碎屑流、碎屑流-浊流、浊流沉积作用。根据不同类型重力流的垂向组合和典型剖面岩相分布特征,认为从盆地斜坡到盆地平原,重力流呈现滑动-滑塌-碎屑流-浊流演化特征,滑塌近端主要发育滑动作用岩相组合和滑塌作用岩相组合,滑塌中部主要发育碎屑流岩相组合和碎屑流与浊流过渡转化岩相组合,滑塌远端主要发育浊流作用岩相组合。 相似文献
4.
Electrical borehole image logs yield high-resolution information about variations in micro-resistivity along the borehole wall. To interpret these variations in terms of sedimentary structures and lithofacies types, calibration with real rock is needed. Normally, the only real rock available is core, and this only provides one-dimensional information. In this paper, the interpretation of fluvial facies types from borehole image logs was established by direct comparison with outcrops. Four fluvial facies associations were established in an outcrop study of a low net-to-gross fluvial succession: (i) meandering rivers, (ii) braided rivers, (iii) crevasse deltas, and (iv) crevasse splays. The lithofacies characteristics and palaeocurrent distributions of each fluvial facies association were established. Two 200 m deep wells were drilled behind the cliff face outcrops. One well was cored to a depth of 150 m and borehole image logs were recorded in both wells. The wells were correlated with the outcrop. The borehole image logs were analysed by their vertical colour succession and the dipmeter pattern. Image log facies were established, and these were interpreted in terms of the fluvial facies associations encountered in the corresponding outcrops. The study of borehole image logs yields a set of diagnostic criteria for a detailed fluvial facies interpretation and the establishment of depositional trends, and thus provides a powerful tool for the direct interpretation of fluvial facies in a reservoir setting. 相似文献
5.
针对滩海油田具有完钻井少,以地震资料为主的特点,采用井震结合的方法进行地质建模。复杂断块油藏具有许多内部断层,充分利用地震解释层位和断层成果建立合理的构造模型。采用“多步建模”的思路,选用序贯高斯同位协同模拟算法建立储层参数模型。以测井资料为硬数据,地震反演数据为软数据,先后建立自然伽玛模型、泥质含量模型和砂泥岩相模型,然后以砂泥岩相模型为约束,建立储层参数模型。经研究表明,综合使用地震解释成果和三维地震数据体,有助于建立准确、合理的构造模型;而采用“多步建模”的思路,利用序贯高斯同位协同模拟算法,并综合测井资料、地震资料建立储层参数模型,有助于从地质的角度对储层参数模拟进行约束,提高储层随机建模精度,保证储层参数模型的准确和可靠性。 相似文献
6.
珠江口盆地珠一坳陷珠海组三角洲沉积特征 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
利用珠江口盆地珠一坳陷珠海组取心井、测井及地震资料,探讨了珠海组三角洲沉积的岩石相、沉积微相、沉积亚相特征及发育分布规律,分析了其岩电响应特征,进而建立岩电响应模式,并通过研究区井-震对比,建立了珠海组三角洲沉积的地震响应模型. 相似文献
7.
Marcellus Shale Lithofacies Prediction by Multiclass Neural Network Classification in the Appalachian Basin 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
Marcellus Shale is a rapidly emerging shale-gas play in the Appalachian basin. An important component for successful shale-gas reservoir characterization is to determine lithofacies that are amenable to hydraulic fracture stimulation and contain significant organic-matter and gas concentration. Instead of using petrographic information and sedimentary structures, Marcellus Shale lithofacies are defined based on mineral composition and organic-matter richness using core and advanced pulsed neutron spectroscopy (PNS) logs, and developed artificial neural network (ANN) models to predict shale lithofacies with conventional logs across the Appalachian basin. As a multiclass classification problem, we employed decomposition technology of one-versus-the-rest in a single ANN and pairwise comparison method in a modular approach. The single ANN classifier is more suitable when the available sample number in the training dataset is small, while the modular ANN classifier performs better for larger datasets. The effectiveness of six widely used learning algorithms in training ANN (four gradient-based methods and two intelligent algorithms) is compared with results indicating that scaled conjugate gradient algorithms performs best for both single ANN and modular ANN classifiers. In place of using principal component analysis and stepwise discriminant analysis to determine inputs, eight variables based on typical approaches to petrophysical analysis of the conventional logs in unconventional reservoirs are derived. In order to reduce misclassification between widely different lithofacies (for example organic siliceous shale and gray mudstone), the error efficiency matrix (ERRE) is introduced to ANN during training and classification stage. The predicted shale lithofacies provides an opportunity to build a three-dimensional shale lithofacies model in sedimentary basins using an abundance of conventional wireline logs. Combined with reservoir pressure, maturity and natural fracture system, the three-dimensional shale lithofacies model is helpful for designing strategies for horizontal drilling and hydraulic fracture stimulation. 相似文献
8.
应用成岩岩相分析法评价和预测非均质性储层及其含油性--以塔里木盆地哈得逊地区为例 总被引：13，自引：1，他引：13
经镜下成岩特征分析,哈得逊地区石炭系含油气储集层,可划分为六种成岩岩相。其中,薄砂层由致密混合型胶结相和非致密混合型胶结相组成;东河砂岩由溶蚀相、原生孔隙相、溶蚀-原生孔隙相和碳酸盐胶结相组成。其储集性能也随成岩相的不同而变化,椐物性分析评价,溶蚀相为Ⅰ1类特好储集层,原生孔隙相和溶蚀-原生孔隙相为Ⅰ2 类好储集层,非致密混合型胶结相与碳酸盐胶结相中的非致密型为Ⅱ类中等储集层,致密混合型胶结相和碳酸盐胶结相中的致密型为Ⅲ类较差储集层。在此基础上,依据相应的测井参数模式,对全区八口井进行了分析研究,除了获得各成岩岩相及储层类型在纵横方向上的展布特征外,应用溶蚀相的展布、成因及油气运移机理等特点,对新含油区进行了预测。 相似文献
9.
Well logs provide additional information from the borehole that cannot be derived from other subsurface investigations. Their analysis may bring supplementary features about the earth’s heterogeneities. In previous researches, the logs were modeled using fractional Brownian motions indexed by Hurst (or Hölder) exponents quantifying their global regularity degrees. Indeed, these monofractal models, characterized by the same Hurst exponent, do not allow to study the depth-evolution of the local Hurst parameter. In order to overcome this problem, we propose to model the logs using multifractional Brownian motions and suggest an algorithm, developed previously for financial time series, to estimate the local Hurst exponent function. First, the potential of this algorithm is assessed through its application on synthetic sonic log data simulated by the successive random additions method. We note that the estimated Hurst functions (or regularity profiles) are very close to the theoretical Hurst functions. Second, this analysis is extended to sonic logs data from the KTB pilot borehole (Germany). Using the resulted regularity profiles, we carry out a lithological segmentation and fault identification on the geological layers crossed by the well. We derived also a correlation between the Hurst value variation and the lithological changes. 相似文献
10.
准噶尔盆地吉木萨尔凹陷二叠系芦草沟组岩性复杂,岩相多样,亟需建立配套的岩相测井识别方法。综合利用岩心薄片、常规测井与成像测井等资料对芦草沟组的岩性、沉积构造等特征进行研究,在此基础上进行岩相类型划分,并分析不同岩相的测井响应特征,建立岩相测井评价模型。结果表明,研究区主要由云质泥岩、泥质粉砂岩、粉砂质泥岩等岩性组成;根据岩心的矿物组成,考虑在岩心尺度上的可区分性、测井中的可识别性,划分出块状白云质泥岩相、平行/波状层理泥质粉砂岩相、块状泥岩相、块状泥晶白云岩相、平行层理粉砂岩相和波状/水平层理粉砂质泥岩相6种主要岩相类型。在此基础上通过岩心刻度测井资料建立岩相判别准则,并利用Kohonen神经网络方法实现单井岩相测井自动判别,划分结果与薄片匹配较好。研究成果可提高未取心井的岩相识别效率与精度,为该地区页岩油勘探提供一定的理论依据与方法支撑。 相似文献
11.
作为新兴的测井仪器,岩性扫描测井（LithoScanner）通过获取地层元素含量,进一步获得地层矿物含量,帮助地质学家解决复杂岩性识别等地质学难题。为了充分推广其在地质学领域的应用, 笔者等对岩性扫描测井的原理和解释处理流程进行梳理,并对应用过程中出现的典型案例进行分析。LithoScanner测井可直接获取地层岩性特征,帮助识别地层界面,并实现页岩等复杂岩性、岩相的准确识别。而脆性矿物含量、有机碳含量等也可被LithoScanner测井准确获取,从而计算地层中的脆性指数和有机碳的含量。LithoScanner测井可以探测黄铁矿、煤层等特殊矿物组分,因此可以辅助核磁共振测井资料解释评价。最后指出LithoScanner测井与相应的岩芯和实验数据进行比对,提高LithoScanner测井的可靠性。研究有助于将LithoScanner测井中蕴含的大量地质信息进行挖掘与解读,并消除该资料应用中的一些误区,从而推广LithoScanner测井应用领域。 相似文献
12.
采用构造岩相学分带和变形筛分、宏观与微观构造岩相学研究相结合的方法,对云南个旧矿集区构造和叠加成矿系统进行研究,深入揭示了该矿集区内锡铜钨钴铯铷多金属战略矿产富集机制、叠加成矿作用与构造岩相学结构样式之间的内在关系。研究认为,该区发育前岩浆侵入期三叠纪弧后裂谷盆地、同岩浆侵入期岩浆侵入构造系统和构造样式、后岩浆侵入期岩溶构造样式,它们在不同时间域内发生了异时同位叠加成相成矿与同时异相分异作用,对个旧叠加成矿系统和锡铜钨钴铯铷多金属成矿作用具有显著不同的控制作用。锡铜钨铯铷多金属叠加成矿系统具有9个垂向构造岩相分带结构样式,从深到浅依次为:浅色花岗岩相(VTZ8)和岩浆气成热液结晶核相(VTZ9)为黑云母花岗岩(γK2a-b-c)同岩浆侵入期构造岩相带,分布在花岗岩侵入体顶部和边部; 岩浆接触交代构造岩相带矽卡岩化相-矽卡岩相带(VTZ7),是同岩浆侵入期地层-岩浆系统耦合反应的构造岩相带; 富含残余岩浆的高温气液体系发生了岩浆-气液隐爆角砾岩化,形成进入个旧组内岩浆热流柱构造和电气石热液隐爆角砾岩相带(VTZ6);同岩浆侵入期在个旧组内构造-流体耦合作用,形成了上覆断褶式碳酸盐岩层(VTZ4)和碎裂岩化大理岩化相-电气石碎裂岩化大理岩相带(VTZ5)、远端的似层状碎裂岩化相含锡白云岩(VTZ3);三叠纪弧后裂谷盆地内碱性苦橄岩-碱性火山岩相带和火山喷发机构为前岩浆侵入期构造; 云贵高原侵蚀面(VTZ1)和表生岩溶构造系统(VTZ2)为后岩浆侵入构造系统,它们叠加在同岩浆侵入构造系统(VTZ3、VTZ4、VTZ5、VTZ6、VTZ7、VTZ8、VTZ9)之中。这些新成果为该矿集区深部探测和隐伏构造岩相的预测建模提供了新的理论依据。 相似文献
13.
DONALD R. LOWE 《Sedimentology》2012,59(7):2042-2070
Deposits of submarine debris flows can build up substantial topography on the sea floor. The resulting sea floor morphology can strongly influence the pathways of and deposition from subsequent turbidity currents. Map views of sea floor morphology are available for parts of the modern sea floor and from high‐resolution seismic‐reflection data. However, these data sets usually lack lithological information. In contrast, outcrops provide cross‐sectional and lateral stratigraphic details of deep‐water strata with superb lithological control but provide little information on sea floor morphology. Here, a methodology is presented that extracts fundamental lithological information from sediment core and well logs with a novel calibration between core, well‐logs and seismic attributes within a large submarine axial channel belt in the Tertiary Molasse foreland basin, Austria. This channel belt was the course of multiple debris‐flow and turbidity current events, and the fill consists of interbedded layers deposited by both of these processes. Using the core‐well‐seismic calibration, three‐dimensional lithofacies proportion volumes were created. These volumes enable the interpretation of the three‐dimensional distribution of the important lithofacies and thus the investigation of sea floor morphology produced by debris‐flow events and its impact on succeeding turbidite deposition. These results show that the distribution of debris‐flow deposits follows a relatively regular pattern of levées and lobes. When subsequent high‐density turbidity currents encountered this mounded debris‐flow topography, they slowed and deposited a portion of their sandy high‐density loads just upstream of morphological highs. Understanding the depositional patterns of debris flows is key to understanding and predicting the location and character of associated sandstone accumulations. This detailed model of the filling style and the resulting stratigraphic architecture of a debris‐flow dominated deep‐marine depositional system can be used as an analogue for similar modern and ancient systems. 相似文献
14.
David A.Wood 《地学前缘(英文版)》2021,12(6):444-457
The capability of accurately predicting mineralogical brittleness index(BI)from basic suites of well logs is desir-able as it provides a useful indicator of the fracability of tight formations.Measuring mineralogical components in rocks is expensive and time consuming.However,the basic well log curves are not well correlated with BI so correlation-based,machine-learning methods are not able to derive highly accurate BI predictions using such data.A correlation-free,optimized data-matching algorithm is configured to predict BI on a supervised basis from well log and core data available from two published wells in the Lower Barnett Shale Formation(Texas).This transparent open box(TOB)algorithm matches data records by calculating the sum of squared errors be-tween their variables and selecting the best matches as those with the minimum squared errors.It then applies optimizers to adjust weights applied to individual variable errors to minimize the root mean square error(RMSE)between calculated and predicted(BI).The prediction accuracy achieved by TOB using just five well logs(Gr,pb,Ns,Rs,Dt)to predict BI is dependent on the density of data records sampled.At a sampling density of about one sample per 0.5 ft BI is predicted with RMSE～0.056 and R2～0.790.At a sampling density of about one sample per 0.1 ft BI is predicted with RMSE～0.008 and R2～0.995.Adding a stratigraphic height index as an additional(sixth)input variable method improves BI prediction accuracy to RMSE～0.003 and R2～0.999 for the two wells with only 1 record in 10,000 yielding a BI prediction error of＞±0.1.The model has the potential to be applied in an unsupervised basis to predict BI from basic well log data in surrounding wells lacking mineralogical measure-ments but with similar lithofacies and burial histories.The method could also be extended to predict elastic rock properties in and seismic attributes from wells and seismic data to improve the precision of brittleness index and fracability mapping spatially. 相似文献
15.
库车坳陷东部白垩系沉积体系分析及有利油气勘探区带预测 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
克拉2大气田的发现,展示了库车坳陷白垩系良好的油气勘探潜力。通过对库车坳陷东部野外露头、钻井资料以及地震剖面的综合分析,对坳陷东部白垩系的沉积体系类型及其分布特征进行了系统的研究。结果表明:研究区白垩系发育湖泊体系、扇三角洲体系、辫状河三角洲体系和三角洲体系等四种沉积体系类型;白垩系岩相古地理经历了早、中、晚期的演化,早期发育了以扇三角洲体系为主的沉积环境,中期形成了大范围的浅湖环境,晚期以三角洲平原相环境为特色;平面上,白垩系岩相古地理南北分带明显,具有南北双向提供物源的特征,粗碎屑分布在坳陷较陡的北侧。库车坳陷东部储层主要由三种三角洲体系砂体和滨岸沙坝砂体构成,砂体厚度大,分布广,储集条件好。 相似文献
16.
Hassan Eltom Mohammed Makkawi Osman Abdullatif Khalid Alramadan 《Arabian Journal of Geosciences》2013,6(11):4323-4335
Subsurface models of hydrocarbon reservoirs are coarse and of low resolution when compared with the actual geologic characteristics. Therefore, the understanding of the three-dimensional architecture of reservoir units is often incomplete. Outcrop analogues are commonly used to understand the spatial continuity of reservoir units. In this study, a Late Jurassic outcrop analogue for the Arab-D reservoir of central Saudi Arabia was used to build a high-resolution model that captures fine geologic details. Subsurface reservoir lithofacies were matched with those from the studied outcrop, and porosity values derived from published core and well log data from the Ain Dar, Uthmanyah, and Shudgum areas of the Ghawar Field, eastern Saudi Arabia, were then applied to the equivalent lithofacies in the outcrop. Maximum, minimum, and average subsurface porosity for each lithofacies were distributed in the facies model using a geostatistical algorithm to produce nine porosity models for the field data. Several realisations were run to visualise the variability in each model and to quantitatively measure the uncertainty associated with the models. The results indicated that potential reservoir zones were associated with grainstone, packstone, and some wackestone layers. Semivariogram analysis of the lithofacies showed good continuity in the N-S direction and less continuity in the E-W direction. The high-resolution lithofacies models detected permeability barriers and isolated low porosity bodies within the potential reservoir zones. This model revealed the porosity distribution in areas smaller than one cell in the subsurface model and highlighted the uncertainty associated with several aspects of the model. 相似文献
17.
采用构造-岩相学和构造-热水沉积岩相填图研究,认为陕西柞水-山阳-商县（柞-山-商）晚古生代拉分盆地,在早古生代扬子板块北被动陆缘残余洋盆基础上,经历了志留纪-早泥盆世北秦岭岛弧造山带-残余洋盆转换过程。在中泥盆世演化为秦岭微板块北缘拉分断陷盆地,晚泥盆世叠加了深源碱性热流体叠加作用明显,形成了铁白云石钠质角砾岩相带,并发生了构造反转。石炭纪陆缘拉分盆地进一步发展演化为残余海盆萎缩封闭。这种造山带-沉积盆地-岛屿构造耦合与转换过程记录了由洋盆-岛弧碰撞造山转换为陆-陆碰撞造山过程。该拉分盆地中具有明显的区域成矿分带,与多期成矿成岩地质作用有关,在造山带-沉积盆地-岛屿构造耦合与转换中,中泥盆世柞-山-商拉分断陷盆地的四周被古陆块和造山带分隔,陆-陆碰撞过程驱动了造山带流体发生大规模排泄到该盆地内,在该拉分断陷盆地内形成了大规模热水沉积成岩成矿,各类热水沉积岩相发育。在该拉分盆地中,近东西向和北东向同生断裂作用形成了次级断陷盆地,为热水沉积成岩成矿提供了沉积容纳空间。热水沉积成因的银多金属-重晶石-菱铁矿矿床定位于三级和四级热水洼地。晚泥盆世-石炭纪近南北向的岩石圈地幔收缩,陆-陆碰撞收缩成为垂向热传输主要驱动力源,导致了陆壳尺度上碱性热流体被挤压垂向排出到陆表残余海盆之中,本区脉状富金镍钴铜矿与晚泥盆世-石炭纪深源碱性热流体隐爆作用形成的碱性铁白云石钠质角砾岩带密切有关。类卡林型金矿定位于该盆地上部基底构造层和盆地热水浊流沉积相内,主要与后期脆韧性剪切带有密切关系。 相似文献
18.
单因素分析综合作图法--岩相古地理学方法论 总被引：60，自引：5，他引：55
古地理学及岩相古地理学的研究及编图方法较多,本文以鄂尔多斯地区天然气的主要产层中奥陶统马家沟群的岩相古地理研究及编图为例,阐述笔者倡导的岩相古地理学的方法论,即单因素分析综合作图法 相似文献
19.
Examination of well logs leads to the observation that they exhibit characteristic behavior over a wide range of scales, differing from a foot to hundreds of feet. This behavior is not accounted for in conventional segmentation methods. The segmentation method that is proposed here aims to solve this problem. It is based on a multiscale representation of the well log. This is a representation of the well log at different levels of smoothness. The behavior of edges, which are associated with extrema of the first derivative, across scales is of great importance in the segmentation. Analysis of this behavior leads to a multiscale segmentation of the well log, in which a fine-scale segment is a part of one coarse scale segment only. In this way the geologist is able to analyze the log at different scales simultaneously. An extension of this approach is not to preserve all fine-scale information but to zoom in only on parts of the log where it is considered to be of interest. 相似文献
20.
Chemical and radiometric analyses have been made on core samples from 15 drill holes intersecting the Toolebuc Formation at Julia Creek. The holes are located in the vicinity of the St Elmo Structure and include intersections of a potentially economic oil shale deposit west of this structure as well as non‐economic mixed coquinite/shale intersections to the east. The gamma ray activity of the formation is due largely to uranium in the shales. Wire‐line gamma ray logs, available for eight of these holes, reflect the distribution of organic carbon. Despite this, there is poor correlation between uranium and organic carbon in the oil shales as a result of remobilization of uranium from organic matter into phosphate during diagenesis. In consequence wire‐line gamma ray logs have no potential for evaluating oil yield. Density, on the other hand, is a good indicator of oil potential. On a hole by hole basis, the correlation between uranium and organic carbon in the formation ranges from 0.22 west of the St Elmo Structure (the potential oil shale resource) to 0.95 east of the structure. This reflects a systematic change in sedimentology from oil shale that is thick and well separated from coquinite (low correlation) to laterally equivalent but finely interbedded coquinite and shale (high correlations). Such trends could be used in exploratory drilling to indicate favourable areas elsewhere in the Toolebuc Formation. 相似文献