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1.
湖南双峰紫云山隆起区金矿成矿机制探讨 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
湖南双紫云山隆起区金矿受剥离断层控制,矿质主要来源于岩浆热液。成矿作用过程中,剥离断层带深部和浅部分别形成深部含矿岩浆热液循环系统和地下水热液循环系统,两热液系统在空间上的交汇处矿质沉淀、富集形成金矿化体。 相似文献
2.
方城萤石矿带分布广泛，规模大，已控制储量相当于两个大型矿床。矿床赋存于华北地台南缘活动带（裂陷槽）栾川群和陶湾群地层中。分三个矿带，矿带展布与裂陷槽南缘的碱发现夺带和碳质片岩带有一定的关系，与东西相邻地区构成一个萤石成矿带。 相似文献
3.
东乡铜矿剥离断层系统及其控矿意义 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
东乡铜矿床主要控岩控矿断裂系统属于剥离断层系统，主要矿体赋存于剥离断层系统各断裂破碎带由陡变缓处，剥离断层形成较早，持续活动时间长，可为矿液活动提供通道，为地层中成矿物质活化提供热动力，也是矿液沉淀的有利场所，对东乡铜矿寻找接替资源意义重大。 相似文献
4.
广西热水沉积成矿作用的基本特征 总被引：5，自引：1，他引：5
详细叙述了广西热水沉积型矿床的成矿时代、空间分布和控矿环境，指出主要的矿产种类有锡、铅、锌、锑、汞、金、铜、钨、锰、铁、磷、重晶石及黄铁矿。其成矿时代为早元古代、晚元古代、早古生代、晚古生代及中生代，以泥盆纪为最重要的成矿时代；矿床在空间上主要分为桂北晚古生代裂陷锡-多金属成矿带及桂西南泥盆纪裂陷锰-重晶石-黄铁矿成矿带，次为桂东南早古生代裂陷铅-锌-多金属成矿带、桂中-桂北泥盆纪走滑断陷铅-锌-重晶石黄铁矿成矿带及桂西北早中三叠世裂陷金矿成矿带，此外还有桂北-桂东元古宙裂陷铁-锡-重晶石成矿带；控矿构造环境为裂谷构造，成矿受裂陷槽及区域性同沉积断裂控制；控矿沉积环境主要为台沟相带，次为局限-半局限台地相带、开阔台地相带、生物礁相带及海槽相带。并指出广西的热水沉积岩主要有硅质岩、电气石岩、层状矽卡岩及重晶石岩。 相似文献
5.
裂陷盆地断层的形成和演化——目标砂箱模拟实验与认识 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
摘要 断层的分布、活动和演化是裂陷盆地构造研究的核心,也是其油气勘探的关键。大量高精度的三维地震资料表明裂陷盆地内断层分布组合十分复杂,无法用经典构造地质学理论——Anderson模式作出合理的解释, 现有的模式（叠加模式和斜向伸展模式等）也还没有很好地揭示裂陷盆地断层复杂性的实质和断层形成和演化的内在规律。本文以渤海湾盆地张巨河构造带和北部湾盆地涠西南凹陷两个有高精度三维地震资料覆盖、断层分布与组合十分复杂并富含油气的典型裂陷盆地区为原形,进行了目标砂箱模拟实验,再现了目标区构造的基本特征。砂箱实验所揭示裂陷盆地断裂系统的基本特征是：1）基底先存构造（主要所控制的断层构成了盆地断裂系统的基本格架;2）断层的形成与演化决定于基底先存断裂的取向、区域伸展方向及伸展量。首先形成的是有刚性边界基底先存断裂控制的断层。其次,形成的是薄弱带基底先存断裂控制的断层。继而,形成的是小型基底先存断裂控制的断层。最后,在远离基底先存构造的区域,形成与伸展方向垂直的新生断层。3）伸展作用早期,断层的方位主要决定于基底先存断裂的方位。随着伸展量的增大,受伸展方向的影响越来越大,晚期形成的断层常反映区域伸展作用方向。4）不协调递进伸展变形过程是导致裂陷盆地复杂断层体系的根本原因。上述砂箱模拟实验揭示的裂陷盆地在不协调性伸展作用下断层的形成与演化规律可以利用“不协调性准则”从理论上给予解释,表明在裂陷盆地中具有普遍意义。 相似文献
6.
思村一砰山断层是湘东北连云山变质核杂岩构造系统中一条剥离断层。本文结合断层带已知矿床实例,对该断层构造岩带特征、形成与演化机制和控矿作用进行了分析,并对其成矿模式进行了探讨。 相似文献
7.
海拉尔盆地为典型的小型断陷湖盆,具有"下断上凹"的二元结构,"洼槽控油、隆起带控油"特征明显。本文在系统研究构造演化特征的基础上,分析了不同类型隆起带形成演化历史及对油气的控制作用。研究表明,海拉尔盆地构造演化历经了5个阶段:即铜钵庙组山间盆地、南一段和南二段被动裂陷盆地、南三段和南四段主动裂陷盆地、大磨拐河组-伊敏组断-坳转化盆地和青元岗组坳陷盆地。经历了3期强烈变形和2期强烈改造,被动裂陷的走滑作用导致反向断层及其下盘翘倾隆起,形成"长期淋滤造储、近洼不整合输导、反向断层遮挡" 的成藏有利条件,最终成为被动裂陷层序有利油气富集区带。主动裂陷伸展作用形成小型滚动背斜和中央隆起带,小型滚动背斜带形成"小而肥"构造油藏,而中央隆起带形成典型的复式油气聚集带。南屯组沉积末期构造反转,导致部分中央背斜带隆升剥蚀,断裂切割破碎,进而导致大气水下渗淋滤,有效改造基岩潜山储层,成为基岩潜山油藏的富集带。伊敏组沉积末期,形成正反转断层和反转期活动的正断层两种调整型断层,将早期聚集在断陷构造层的油气调整到大磨拐河组,聚集在反转构造及其边部,形成次生油气聚集带。 相似文献
8.
渤海湾古近纪盆地可以划分为3个裂陷带和1个裂陷区，都分布在上地幔隆起部位。盆地构造变形可以分为伸展构造和走滑构造两个相对独立、相互关联的新生代构造系统。伸展卡句造由不同尺度的伸展断层和与伸展断层垂直或斜交的变换断层构成连锁断层系统，在盆地区具有分散的透人性特点，并控制着古近纪断陷的分布和演化。在伸展构造变形基础上叠加了3条北北东向—北东向右旋走滑断裂(带)，后者及其伴生构造组成盆地中的呈带状展布的新生代走滑构造系统。伸展构造是一种“水平层状的”薄皮构造。正断层向深部收敛或终止于中地壳内的拆离断层面上。走滑构造是一种“垂直带状的”厚皮构造。浅层的走滑断层以多种方式并入到深断裂带中。这两种构造系统是盆地区新生代时期主动裂陷和被动裂陷两种作用机制的具体表现。 相似文献
9.
青海南部东莫扎抓矿区挤压断层带结构及其对铅锌成矿的控制 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
大量逆断层控矿的实例表明挤压断层带具有较大含矿潜力,但挤压环境下矿质运移沉淀的过程尚不清楚。文章从断层带结构解剖入手,以东莫扎抓铅锌矿床为例,研究挤压断层带对成矿的控制。控矿断层可分为碎裂化带、浑圆角砾带和扁长角砾带3部分,其中碎裂化带内灰岩角砾中含有细脉状矿化,浑圆角砾带无矿化,扁长角砾带的角砾内部发育不规则脉状矿化,角砾间有浸染状、角砾状、团块状矿化。矿脉形态及与围岩接触关系表明成矿受断裂控制,矿质充填与灰岩破裂基本同时发生。分析认为,断层带经历了两个阶段的生长过程,成矿流体在第二次挤压的早期阶段贯入,挤压过程中的碎裂化和压溶作用为矿质运移和沉淀提供了重要保障。 相似文献
10.
转换带最早是在研究挤压逆冲构造时提出的,是指2条断层间相互作用的构造带。随着进一步研究发现,转换带广泛发育于伸展、挤压和走滑盆地,而且存在于不同尺度的构造中。目前认为转换带形成机制主要有断层分段生长机制和差异运动机制,断层分段生长主要经历3个阶段:孤立成核阶段、"软连接"阶段和"硬连接"阶段;差异运动作用往往导致撕裂断层的形成。基于前人的认识,结合实际地区研究,提出了一套适合裂陷盆地的转换带分类方案,总结了目前裂陷盆地中转换带的识别方法,提出应用"四图一剥"技术分析转换带的形成演化规律。转换带位置为低势区,是水系入盆的通道,从而控制着沉积作用;在此基础上,结合"源-储-圈-运-保"的耦合关系,提出裂陷盆地中转换带控藏机理的研究思路。 相似文献
11.
The Siwaliks in the foothills of the Himalayas, containing molasse sediments derived from the rising mountain front, represent
a foreland fold-thrust belt which was deformed during the continued northward convergence of the Indian plate following the
continent-continent collision. In this contribution we present balanced and restored cross sections along a line from Adampur
through Jawalamukhi to Palampur in the foothills of the Punjab and Himachal Himalayas using published surface/subsurface data.
The cross section incorporates all the rock units of the Sub-Himalaya Zone as well as that of the northern Lesser Himalaya
Zone. The structural geometry of the fold-thrust belt in this section is largely controlled by three buried thrusts within
the Sundernagar Formation of the Lesser Himalaya Zone. Two of these buried thrusts splay from the basal detachment and delineate
a buried horse. Three thrusts towards foreland, including the Main Frontal Thrust (inferred to be a blind thrust in this sector),
splay from these buried thrusts. In the hinterland, an anticlinal fault-bend fold was breached by a sequence of break-back
thrusts, one of which is the Main Boundary Thrust. A foreland propagating thrust system is inadequate to explain the evolution
of the fold-thrust-belt in this section. We show that a “synchronous thrusting” model in whichin-sequence initiation of thrusts at depth combined with continued motion on all the thrusts leading toout-of-sequence imbrication at the upper structural levels better explains the evolution of the fold-thrust belt in the Jawalamukhi section.
The estimated shortening between the two chosen pin lines is about 36% (about 72 km). 相似文献
12.
陕西境内的陶湾群和大片出露的寒牙纪地层之间，发育一套以千枚岩夹白云岩透镜体为主的复杂岩系。这套岩系实际上构成一个剪切混杂带，成为秦岭造山带和华北地台的界线，该带不是一个沉积地层单位，而应视为岩石－构造组合体，带内发育一系列冲断层，在洛南柏峪寺地区，从中可以分出３个构造岩片，其中的白云岩岩块为构造岩块。根据显微，小构造分析及岩性对比，认为冲断层由北向南逆冲，带内至少卷入有晚元古代大庄组，震旦纪罗圈组 相似文献
13.
Dilip Saha S. Chakraborti V. Tripathy 《Journal of the Geological Society of India》2010,75(1):323-337
Recent works suggest Proterozoic plate convergence along the southeastern margin of India which led to amalgamation of the
high grade Eastern Ghats belt (EGB) and adjoining fold-and-thrust belts to the East Dhrawar craton. Two major thrusts namely
the Vellikonda thrust at the western margin of the Nellore Schist belt (NSB) and the Maidukuru thrust at the western margin
of the Nallamalai fold belt (NFB) accommodate significant upper crustal shortening, which is indicated by juxtaposition of
geological terranes with distinct tectonostratigraphy, varying deformation intensity, structural styles and metamorphic grade.
Kinematic analysis of structures and fabric of the fault zone rocks in these intracontinental thrust zones and the hanging
wall and footwall rocks suggest spatially heterogeneous partitioning of strain into various combinations of E-W shortening,
top-to-west shear on stratum parallel subhorizontal detachments or on easterly dipping thrusts, and a strike slip component.
Although relatively less prominent than the other two components of the strain triangle, non-orthogonal slickenfibres associated with flexural slip folds and mylonitic foliation-stretching lineation orientation
geometry within the arcuate NSB and NFB indicate left lateral strike slip subparallel to the overall N-S trend. On the whole
an inclined transpression is inferred to have controlled the spatially heterogeneous development of thrust related fabric
in the terrane between the Eastern Ghats belt south of the Godavari graben and the East Dharwar craton. 相似文献
14.
Christine Authemayou Olivier Bellier Dominique Chardon Zaman Malekzade Mohammad Abassi 《Comptes Rendus Geoscience》2005,337(5):539-545
Field structural and SPOT image analyses document the kinematic framework enhancing transfer of strike-slip partitioned motion from along the backstop to the interior of the Zagros fold-and-thrust belt in a context of plate convergence slight obliquity. Transfer occurs by slip on the north-trending right-lateral Kazerun Fault System (KFS) that connects to the Main Recent Fault, a major northwest-trending dextral fault partitioning oblique convergence at the rear of the belt. The KFS formed by three fault zones ended by bent orogen-parallel thrusts allows slip from along the Main Recent Fault to become distributed by transfer to longitudinal thrusts and folds. To cite this article: C. Authemayou et al., C. R. Geoscience 337 (2005). 相似文献
15.
扬子板块海相中古生界盆地的递进变形改造 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
印支—早燕山期由于古特提斯洋盆的关闭,扬子板块大陆边缘受到了挤压与碰撞作用,在板内形成了江南-雪峰基底拆离体(A带),从SE向NW方向的大规模水平推挤作用使扬子板内中古生界盆地发生了由强及弱的递进(衰减)变形改造。在其前缘形成了高角度冲断层-断弯褶皱带(B带)、逆掩断层-断展褶皱带(C带)、滑脱断层-滑脱褶皱带(D带)、共轭冲断层-膝折褶皱带(E带)和古隆起-单斜带(F带);在其后缘则形成了滑覆断层-滑脱褶皱带(G带)。不同的构造变形区带具有不同的水平位移量、压缩变形量,不同的逆冲断裂、褶皱的空间配置和不同的构造圈闭类型、保存条件,因而控制了不同类型的油气聚集与分布。 相似文献
16.
Crustal structure of the southern Dabie ultrahigh-pressure orogen and Yangtze foreland from deep seismic reflection profiling 总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8
Shuwen Dong Rui Gao Bolin Cong † Zhongyan Zhao Xiaochun Liu Sanzhong Li Qiusheng Li Dongding Huang 《地学学报》2004,16(6):319-324
A new 140‐km‐long seismic reflection profile provides a high‐resolution crustal‐scale image of the southern Dabieshan high‐pressure (HP) metamorphic belt and the Yangtze foreland fold‐and‐thrust belt. The seismic image of the stacked section shows that the southern Dabieshan metamorphic terrane and Yangtze foreland belt are separated by a large north‐dipping fault. In the foreland the upper crust is dominated by a series of folds and thrusts formed during the collisional stage in the mid‐Triassic; it was reworked by crustal extension resulting in the formation of a late Jurassic and Cretaceous red‐bed basin. The southern Dabieshan profile shows stacked crustal slabs developed along the margin of the collisional orogenic belt. The Moho reflectors at 10–11 s (～30–33 km) are seismically prominent and segmented by a number of south‐verging thrusts that were probably developed by foreland‐directed thrusting of the deeply subducted continental crust during exhumation. The seismic reflection profile suggests that structures related to the Triassic–Jurassic subduction and exhumation of the Yangtze plate are preserved despite the severe crustal extension superimposed during the late Mesozoic and Cenozoic. 相似文献
17.
依据帕米尔—西昆仑北麓新生代前陆褶皱冲断带 3条构造剖面的详细分析,发现帕米尔—西昆仑北麓除山根地带发育高角度断层外,基本上以低角度逆掩断层为主,形成与逆冲推覆构造相关的褶皱变形。乌泊尔地区表现为由山脉向塔里木盆地滑移的隐伏冲断层和上覆褶皱;苏盖特—齐姆根—甫沙地区表现为山前的三角带和向盆地扩展的两排背斜带。帕米尔—西昆仑北麓前陆褶皱冲断带的主要构造变形时间始于上新世早期(距今约 4.6Ma),断层、褶皱的变形时代由山前向盆地逐步变新,变形强度由山脉向塔里木盆地逐步减弱。帕米尔—西昆仑北麓前陆褶皱冲断带的构造缩短量为 20～70km,缩短率为 35%～50%。 相似文献
18.
Lea Di Paolo Valerio Olivetti Sveva Corrado Luca Aldega Maria Laura Balestrieri Rosanna Maniscalco 《地学学报》2014,26(5):363-371
An extensive dataset of vitrinite reflectance, FTIR parameters on organic matter, illite content in mixed layers illite‐smectite, apatite fission tracks and U‐Th/He dating has been used to reconstruct the stepwise propagation of the Eastern Sicily fold‐and‐thrust belt during Late Palaeogene and Neogene times. The results indicate that the fold‐and‐thrust belt is divisible into two levels of thermal maturity. These levels consist of a less evolved level of thermal maturity that records limited sedimentary burial and minor heating, and a more evolved level of thermal maturity that indicates tectonic burial and exhumation at different times. Deformation and exhumation of shallowly buried units are linked to wedge forward propagation by low‐angle thrusts, whereas the evolution of deeply buried units is associated with tectonic imbrications by duplex formation and steep thrusts. The two tectonic styles alternate during evolution of the fold‐and‐thrust belt under low erosion rates. 相似文献
19.
J. L. Mugnier P. Leturmy G. Mascle P. Huyghe E. Chalaron G. Vidal L. Husson B. Delcaillau 《Journal of Asian Earth Sciences》1999,17(5-6)
The Siwalik Group which forms the southern zone of the Himalayan orogen, constitutes the deformed part of the Neogene foreland basin situated above the downflexed Indian lithosphere. It forms the outer part of the thin-skinned thrust belt of the Himalaya, a belt where the faults branch off a major décollement (MD) that is the external part of the basal detachment of Himalayan thrust belt. This décollement is located beneath 13 Ma sediments in far-western Nepal, and beneath 14.6 Ma sediments in mid-western Nepal, i.e., above the base of the Siwalik Group. Unconformities have been observed in the upper Siwalik member of western Nepal both on satellite images and in the field, and suggest that tectonics has affected the frontal part of the outer belt since more than 1.8 Ma. Several north dipping thrusts delineate tectonic boundaries in the Siwalik Group of western Nepal. The Main Dun Thrust (MDT) is formed by a succession of 4 laterally relayed thrusts, and the Main Frontal Thrust (MFT) is formed by three segments that die out laterally in propagating folds or branch and relay faults along lateral transfer zones. One of the major transfer zones is the West Dang Transfer Zone (WDTZ), which has a north-northeast strike and is formed by strike-slip faults, sigmoid folds and sigmoid reverse faults. The width of the outer belt of the Himalaya varies from 25 km west of the WDTZ to 40 km east of the WDTZ. The WDTZ is probably related to an underlying fault that induces: (a) a change of the stratigraphic thickness of the Siwalik members involved in the thin-skinned thrust belt, and particularly of the middle Siwalik member; (b) an increase, from west to east, of the depth of the décollement level; and (c) a lateral ramp that transfers displacement from one thrust to another. Large wedge-top basins (Duns) of western Nepal have developed east of the WDTZ. The superposition of two décollement levels in the lower Siwalik member is clear in a large portion of the Siwalik group of western Nepal where it induces duplexes development. The duplexes are formed either by far-travelled horses that crop out at the hangingwall of the Internal Décollement Thrust (ID) to the south of the Main Boundary Thrust, or by horses that remain hidden below the middle Siwaliks or Lesser Himalayan rocks. Most of the thrusts sheets of the outer belt of western Nepal have moved toward the S–SW and balanced cross-sections show at least 40 km shortening through the outer belt. This value probably under-estimates the shortening because erosion has removed the hangingwall cut-off of the Siwalik series. The mean shortening rate has been 17 mm/yr in the outer belt for the last 2.3 Ma. 相似文献
20.
自中三叠世扬子与华北板块发生碰撞—深俯冲作用以来,大别造山带南界上的襄樊—广济断裂带主要经历过两次变形事件: 1)早期变形事件发生在中三叠世末—晚三叠世初的造山带折返阶段,表现为造山带南边界上的韧性剪切带。这期北西—南东走向的剪切带向南西陡倾,发育北西—南东向的矿物拉伸线理,主要为右行走滑的运动性质,属于造山带斜向折返的侧边界走滑剪切带。造山带折返过程中将前陆褶断带北缘原先东西向褶皱改造为北西—南东走向。2)晚期变形事件发生在晚侏罗世,表现为脆性逆冲断层,使得前陆褶断带向北东逆冲在造山带南缘之上,同时在前陆上形成了一系列的逆冲断层。该断裂带的晚期逆冲活动与郯庐断裂带左行平移同时发生,代表了滨太平洋构造活动的开始。 相似文献