共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 31 毫秒
1.
青藏高原东北缘由于受到多个构造块体的共同约束,表现出复杂的地球物理特性和地质特性,本文利用甘肃数字地震台网(2001-2008年)的观测资料,采用系统分析方法(SAM),进行地壳剪切波分裂分析,获得研究区内18个台站共1005条记录的剪切波分裂参数.研究结果表明,青藏高原东北缘介质各向异性在空间上存在差异,慢剪切波延迟时间表明了地壳介质各向异性的强弱变化特征,快剪切波平均偏振方向则反映了本区区域构造应力的空间变化特征.分析认为,祁连山-河西走廊活动构造区直接受青藏地块与阿拉善地块间相互作用,与青藏地块构造应力一致;甘东南活动构造区的应力环境主要受到内部活动断裂的共同作用,具有局部构造应力的特征. 相似文献
2.
V. G. Bondur I. A. Garagash M. B. Gokhberg M. V. Rodkin 《Izvestiya Physics of the Solid Earth》2016,52(1):117-128
A three-dimensional geomechanical model of Southern California, which includes the mountain topography, fault tectonics, and main structural boundaries (the top of the lower crust and the Moho), is developed. The main stress state of the model is determined by the own weight of the rocks and by the horizontal tectonic motions identified from the GPS observations. The model enables tracking the changes which occur in the stress-strain state of the crust due to the evolution of the seismic process. As the input data, the model uses the current seismicity and treats each earthquake as a new defect in the Earth’s crust which brings about the redistribution of strains, elastic energy density, and yield stress of the crust. Monitoring the variations in the stress state of the crust and lithosphere arising in response to the seismic process shows that the model is suitable for forecasting the enhancement in seismic activity of the region and delineating the earthquake-prone areas with a reasonable probability on a given time interval. 相似文献
3.
本文以GPS观测、大地热流测量、较高精度地形数据、全球板块相对运动的REVEL模型为基础，建立了以青藏高原现代构造活动为主要研究对象的东亚地区构造形变场有限元模型.数值模拟结果显示，青藏高原内部和周边地区走滑断裂带的活动对东亚地区地壳运动速率和方向有较大的影响，特别是对青藏高原物质向东南方向运动有显著影响；不同构造块体岩石圈强度的差异直接影响了川滇菱形地块边界断层错动性质.在考虑青藏高原地形附加重力作用和周边板块汇聚作用对现今大型断裂带运动特征控制作用的同时，岩石圈之下的橄榄岩软流圈至转换带物质对流对岩石圈的拖曳力也是必须考虑的底部边界条件. 相似文献
4.
江苏及邻区(116°E~123°E,30°N~36°N)跨中国大陆3个地质构造单元(华北地台、扬子地台、华南褶皱系),本文采用江苏区域数字地震台网(1999~2008年)共10年的观测资料,使用地壳介质剪切波分裂系统分析方法(SAM),获取研究区域内共11个台站的剪切波分裂参数.研究结果表明,江苏及邻区背景应力环境并非来自单一的某个一级构造单元,而是受到3个地质构造单元的共同约束.研究区域西南部的应力环境主要受到板桥-南渡断裂、茅山东侧断裂、幕府山-焦山断裂共同作用,具有局部构造应力特征.研究区域东南部应力环境空间分布特征以长江为界,长江以北地区主压应力场方向为NW方向,而长江以南地区的主压应力场方向为近E-W方向.据此推断,长江以南可能存在近E-W方向的活动构造,长江可能是两个具有不同应力特征活动构造的边界. 相似文献
5.
大量观测事实表明 ,赋存于地壳深部的流体 (水、气、油 )作为弹性介质 ,对深层地壳应力的分布、变化、转移过程及地震孕育、发生等有着较为灵敏的反映。地震的形成与区域构造应力活动强度密切相关 ,这种大范围的区域应力作用会形成多个应力集中点 ,在众多应力集中点上可产生地下流体前兆异常变化。在对新疆地下流体数十年的监测中 ,发现强震前出现大量与地震有关的由区域构造应力活动引起的前兆异常 ,异常范围广且种类繁多 ,它们在成因、特征上与震源应力活动的前兆异常明显不同 ;这种地下水位地震前兆异常场 ,不能完全孤立地与单个地震事件相对应 ,应充分考虑到它与一组或系列地震有关 ,而这些地震往往与块体挤压、断裂活动等区域性的应力活动有关。因此 ,正确区分并掌握其不同的特性 ,对地震预报具有一定的意义 相似文献
6.
We present the 1-D crustal velocity structure of the major tectonic blocks of the North China Craton(NCC) along 36°N based on synthetic seismogram modeling of long-range wide-angle reflection/refraction data. This profile extends from southwest Yan'an of central Shaanxi Province of China(109.47°E), across the southern Trans-North China Orogen(TNCO), the southwestern part of the North China Plain(NCP), the Luxi Uplift(LU) and the Sulu Orogen(SLO), ending at Qingdao City of Shandong Province, the eastern margin of China(120.12°E) along 36°N. We utilized reflectivity synthetic seismogram modeling of the active source data to develop 1-D velocity structures of the sub-blocks of the NCC. Our final model shows that the NCC crust varies remarkably among the tectonic units with different velocity structure features. Higher lower crustal velocity and Moho depth ～42 km is a major feature of the crust beneath southern Ordos Blockt. The TNCO which is composed of Lyuliangshan Mountains(LM), Shanxi Graben(SXG) and Taihangshan Mountains(TM) shows dominant trans-orogenic features. The NCP shows a dominant thickening of sediments, sharp crust thinning with Moho depth ～32 km and significant lower average velocity. The SLO and the LU shows a stratified crust, higher average velocity and crust thinning with Moho depth of ～35 km. Our model shows the coincidence between the deep structure and the surface geology among all the tectonic sub-blocks of the NCC. 相似文献
7.
Introduction The present Bohai Sea is a half-closed shallow one in the continent, located at the northeast to North China, with an area about 7.3104 km2. Geologically, it is situated in the northern North China basin and of a short development history. Previous studies (WANG, LI, 1983; Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1985; HUANG, et al, 1993) show that the Fu-jian-Lingnan uplift in the East China Sea continental shelf sank gradually into the oceanic bottom, mak… 相似文献
8.
根据龙门山断裂带中段及邻区的主要构造特征,同时考虑地壳速度结构和构造运动的深浅部差异,建立该地区的二维接触有限元模型,数值模拟了长期构造过程中断裂带位移和应力的时间演化过程。结果显示:①汶川—茂县断裂、映秀—北川断裂、灌县—安县断裂的逆冲速率与实际观测结果基本一致,映秀—北川断裂逆冲性质最强,巴颜喀拉块体和断裂带区域呈水平缩短与增厚抬升趋势,四川盆地保持相对稳定;②断裂带附近岩体大小主应力比随深度增加而减小,总体上与实际测试结果相符,且主应力轴方向和倾角与利用震源机制解反演得到的构造应力场特征亦较为接近;③龙门山断裂带中段区域构造应力场呈低态稳定—应力累积—临界稳定的阶段式演化过程,与该区所处的应力累积—地震发生—应力再累积的地震活动特征相呼应。此外,仅根据地表调查和震前GPS观测所揭示的断裂活动速率评价活动断裂区的地震危险程度具有一定局限性,需结合其深部动力学过程和区域应力状态进行综合分析。 相似文献
9.
跨断裂水准剖面观测在地震监测中的应用 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
由于活动地块的相对运动和变形，其边界带往往构造活动强烈，是反映地壳运动的敏感部位。基于上述思路，昆仑山口西8．1级大震发生后，通过大范围监测布设在青藏块体北部地区及周边主要构造带上的水准剖面，在短期内快速获取了大范围的断裂活动信息和不同断裂带对大区域构造应力场变化的响应特征。实践证明，这种监测方式灵活、作业周期短、资料处理快，能及时对震情趋势做出估计，不失为当前区域形变监测工作的一种新的探索。 相似文献
10.
Athanassios Ganas Zafeiria Roumelioti Vassilios Karastathis Konstantinos Chousianitis Alexandra Moshou Evangelos Mouzakiotis 《Journal of Seismology》2014,18(3):433-455
We investigate mainshock slip distribution and aftershock activity of the 8 January 2013 M w?=?5.7 Lemnos earthquake, north Aegean Sea. We analyse the seismic waveforms to better understand the spatio-temporal characteristics of earthquake rupture within the seismogenic layer of the crust. Peak slip values range from 50 to 64 cm and mean slip values range from 10 to 12 cm. The slip patches of the event extend over an area of dimensions 16?×?16 km2. We also relocate aftershock catalog locations to image seismic fault dimensions and test earthquake transfer models. The relocated events allowed us to identify the active faults in this area of the north Aegean Sea by locating two, NE–SW linear patterns of aftershocks. The aftershock distribution of the mainshock event clearly reveals a NE–SW striking fault about 40 km offshore Lemnos Island that extends from 2 km up to a depth of 14 km. After the mainshock most of the seismic activity migrated to the east and to the north of the hypocenter due to (a) rupture directivity towards the NE and (b) Coulomb stress transfer. A stress inversion analysis based on 14 focal mechanisms of aftershocks showed that the maximum horizontal stress is compressional at N84°E. The static stress transfer analysis for all post-1943 major events in the North Aegean shows no evidence for triggering of the 2013 event. We suggest that the 2013 event occurred due to tectonic loading of the North Aegean crust. 相似文献
11.
The crustal structures of the central Longmenshan along and its margins as related to the seismotectonics of the 2008 Wenchuan Earthquake 总被引：10，自引：0，他引：10
JIA ShiXu LIU BaoJin XU ZhaoFan LIU Zhi FENG ShaoYing ZHANG JianShi LIN JieYan TIAN XiaoFeng LIU QiaoXia &GUO WenBin 《中国科学:地球科学(英文版)》2014,57(4):777-790
In 2010, a 500-km-long wide-angle reflection/refraction seismic profile was completed, running northwest from the central Sichuan Basin. This profile orthogonally crosses the meizoseismal area of great Wenchuan earthquake of 12 May 2008, which occurred in the central part of the Longmenshan. The profile also passes through the northwestern Sichuan Plateau, along which a new deep seismic sounding observation system was set up that was much improved over previous datasets and enabled abundant observations to be recorded. Seismic wave phase records that reflect the structural characteristics of different tectonic blocks, especially the complicated phase features associated with the Wenchuan earthquake, were calculated and analyzed in detail. A 2D crustal P-wave velocity model for the orogenic belt in the central Longmenshan and its margins was determined, and crustal structure differences between the stable Sichuan Basin and the thickened northwestern Sichuan Plateau were characterized. Lithological variations within the upper and lower crust in the interior of the plateau, especially a great velocity decrease and plastic rheological properties associated with strong lithologic weakening in lower crust, were detected. From west to east in the lower crust beneath the orogenic belt lying between the Sichuan Basin and the northwestern Sichuan Plateau, a giant shovel-like upwelling is observed that dips gently in the lower part and at higher angles in the upper part; this is inferred to be related to the fault systems in the central Longmenshan. An upwelling in the upper-middle crust along the eastern margin of the orogenic belt is associated with steeply dipping thrusts that strongly uplift the upper crust and crystalline basement beneath a central fault system in the Longmenshan. The data, combined with an understanding of the regional tectonic stress field and previous geological results, enable a discussion of basin-and-range coupling, orogenic tectonics, the crustal fault system, and the seismogenic tectonic environment of the central Longmenshan along the eastern margin of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. 相似文献
12.
论新疆活动构造特征与地震的关系(4) 总被引：1，自引：2，他引：1
中国西部在印度洋板块和欧亚板块的作用下,地壳形变十分强烈。新疆地区地壳形变受力方向为近南北—北北东向,南部地区受印度洋板块作用,北部地区则主要是受西伯利亚块体的作用,整体运动速率由南向北逐渐减弱,GPS测量结果得到的区域应力场分布和地震震源机制解与区域构造的展布及其活动表现都相吻合。 相似文献
13.
利用渭河盆地2001—2008年高精度GPS监测资料,结合区域构造特点建立了渭河盆地有限元动力学模型,基于此研究了区域现今地壳应力场特征,深入分析了构造应力场与盆地内地裂缝群发之间的内在关系,首次基于空间大地测量定量的揭示出了区域构造应力场与盆地内地裂缝群发的内在动力学联系,及盆地东、西部地裂缝分布不均衡的根本成因.研究结果表明:渭河盆地现今地壳应力场差异性显著,主要呈现出中、东部以NW-SE向拉张为主,西部则以NW-SE向压缩应力为主,整体具有相对左旋运动趋势,与区域以往长期构造变形具有较好的继承性;分析揭示出区域NW-SE向拉张构造应力正是盆地内中、东部地裂缝群发的力源机制,而盆地内差异性构造应力场也正是导致盆地东、西部地裂缝发育不均衡的根本原因所在,由此进一步证实了渭河盆地地裂缝的强构造属性,其是由活断层在上述力源机制作用下,以蠕滑形式错断地层使土层破裂而形成的.本文研究结果为盆地地裂缝灾害防治、城市安全建设提供了重要信息. 相似文献
14.
15.
16.
Advances in seismics acquisition and processing and the widespread use of 4D seismics have made available reliable production‐induced subsurface deformation data in the form of overburden time‐shifts. Inversion of these data is now beginning to be used as an aid to the monitoring of a reservoir's effective stress. Past solutions to this inversion problem have relied upon analytic calculations for an unrealistically simplified subsurface, which can lead to uncertainties. To enhance the accuracy of this approach, a method based on transfer functions is proposed in which the function itself is calibrated using numerically generated overburden strain deformation calculated for a small select group of reference sources. This technique proves to be a good compromise between the faster but more accurate history match of the overburden strain using a geomechanical simulator and the slower, less accurate analytic method. Synthetic tests using a coupled geomechanical and fluid flow simulator for the South Arne field confirm the efficacy of the method. Application to measured time‐shifts from observed 4D seismics indicates compartmentalization in the Tor reservoir, more heterogeneity than is currently considered in the simulation model and moderate connectivity with the overlying Ekofisk formation. 相似文献
17.
地壳应力场的研究是地震学中的一个基本课题。本文根据对四个方面资料的分析得到了华北地区（φ30°-41°N,λ105°-124°E）地壳应力场的基本特征。这些资料是:1.地震机制,包括1937年至1979年地震的断层面解和最近十多年中的小地震综合断层面解;2.地震时的地面裂缝;3.公元143年至1976年41次M≥6地震的等震线的长轴方位;4.某些大地震地区的大地测量结果。这是一个一致性相当好的应力场,其最大压应力轴为北东东向,最小压应力轴为北北西向,并且都近于水平向。 从一些大地震的观测事实来看,具有这种一致性应力场的范围要比华北地区大,在远离华北的地方,仍表现出同华北以内相似的地壳应力场。这个事实表明,上述地壳应力场的来源,不限于华北地壳内部,而同更大规模的构造运动有关。欧亚板块、印度洋板块同太平洋板块三者之间的相互作用,以及华北所处远离板块边缘的特殊位置,可能是造成该应力场特征的主要原因。 相似文献
18.
Vladimir Schenk Zdeňka Schenkova Zuzana Jechumtálová 《Studia Geophysica et Geodaetica》2009,53(3):329-341
In West Bohemia in the period of 2003–2005 five permanent GPS stations were established to detect local movement trends. Their
mutual position changes were determined from time series of GPS observations and were associated with seismic, gravity, and
geo-scientific data related to the geodynamics of the West Bohemian region. Knowledge of local physical processes based on
spatial and time earthquake occurrences, focal mechanisms of main events, stress and strain fields set up a tool for recent
seismotectonic analyses. The permanent GPS measurements bring independent effective phenomenon, direct monitoring of site
movements. The movements detected by our GPS stations evidenced WSW-ENE extension with subsiding trends in the western part
of the Cheb Basin and the Smrčiny Mts. Besides, there were monitored dextral movements along the Mariánské Lázně tectonic
fault zone (MLF). A comparison of results with previous data formed a presumption that an antithetic stress pattern has to
exist inside the inner part of the MLF tectonic zone. This antithetic stress can explain the coexistence of dextral and sinistral
movements on individual tectonic elements in the West Bohemian area. 相似文献
19.
Tomographic investigation of the upper crustal structure and seismotectonic envi—ronments in Yunnan Province 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Investigation has been made for the upper crust structure and seismotectionic environments in Yunnan Province using the plentiful DSS data of the four profiles.The derived velocity model has a good relationship with the ex-posed basins,uplifts and faults.The low velocity anomaly corresponding to the volcano also has been revealed.There exits a prominent lateral inhomogeneity within the upper crust of Yunnan region.The depth of crystalline basement generally ranges from 0km to 5km,and the bedrocks are exposed on the ground directly in some places,nevertheless the thickness of sedimentary cover also can reack to 8km or even 12km at some targe depressions.Although the Changning-Shuangjiang fault is a boundary between two first class tectonic units,its incision depth within the crust maybe shallow.On the other hand,known as the plates‘seam,the Honghe fault has a distinct evi-dence of extending into the mid-lower crust.The widely spread activity of the volcanoes in the geological era has a close relationship with the earthquake‘s occurrence nowadays.Despite of the ceasing of the volcanoes in some places on the ground,the material in the mid-lower crst is still active,and there still exists strong upward stress-As the ceasing of the volcanoes on the surface,most parts of the power from the lower crust and the upper mantle cannot be released;therefore it accumulates at some appropriate tectonic locations.Moreover,the saturation of the water from the basin,the action of other fluids,and the effects of the outer stress maybe another direct reason ac-count for the strong earthquakes‘occurrence in Yunnan region. 相似文献
20.
《Journal of Geodynamics》2003,35(1-2):173-189
The special type of intraplate microseismicity with swarm-like occurrence of earthquakes within the Vogtland/NW-Bohemian Region is analysed to reveal the nature and the origin of the seismogenic regime. The long-term data set of continuous seismic monitoring since 1962, including more than 26000 events within a range of about 5 units of local magnitude, provides an unique database for statistical investigations. Most earthquakes occur in narrow hypocentral volumes (clusters) within the lower part of the upper crust, but also single event occurrence outside of spatial clusters is observed. Temporal distribution of events is concentrated in clusters (swarms), which last some days until few month in dependence of intensity. Since 1962 three strong swarms occurred (1962, 1985/86, 2000), including two seismic cycles. Spatial clusters are distributed along a fault system of regional extension (Leipzig-Regensburger Störung), which is supposed to act as the joint tectonic fracture zone for the whole seismogenic region. Seismicity is analysed by fractal analysis, suggesting a unifractal behaviour of seismicity and uniform character of seismotectonic regime for the whole region. A tendency of decreasing fractal dimension values is observed for temporal distribution of earthquakes, indicating an increasing degree of temporal clustering from swarm to swarm. Following the idea of earthquake triggering by magma intrusions and related fluid and gas release into the tectonically pre-stressed parts of the crust, a steady increased intensity of intrusion and/or fluid and gas release might account for that observation. Additionally, seismic parameters for Vogtland/NW-Bohemia intraplate seismicity are compared with an adequate data set of mining-induced seismicity in a nearby mine of Lubin/Poland and with synthetic data sets to evaluate parameter estimation. Due to different seismogenic regime of tectonic and induced seismicity, significant differences between b-values and temporal dimension values are observed. Most significant for intraplate seismicity are relatively low fractal dimension values for temporal distribution. That observation reflects the strong degree of temporal earthquake clustering, which might explain the episodic character of earthquake swarms and support the idea of push-like triggering of earthquake avalanches by intruding magma. 相似文献