共查询到18条相似文献，搜索用时 471 毫秒
1.
中国东北全新世干湿状况的演变 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
通过综合分析植物花粉,沙土埋藏土壤,泥炭形成与发展,沙丘活动历史,黄土状土堆积和黑土发育等多种资料表明,我国东北地区的湿润程度或土壤水分含量在５ｋａ ＢＰ以前的早中全新世较低,中晚全新世不能增加,早中全新世最干燥时段出现的＾１４Ｃ年代９－８ｋａ ＢＰ,中晚全新世湿润时期可能是最近的２ｋａ,近现代气候比过去１０ｋａ平均状况湿润。 相似文献
2.
3.
中国东部陆架全新世沉积体系:过程-产物关系研究进展评述 总被引：10，自引：3，他引：7
渤、黄、东海是典型的物源供给丰富的宽广陆架环境,形成的全新世沉积记录十分丰富。本区域潮汐作用、陆架环流作用和沉积物重力流导致的物质输运都很活跃;陆架沉积动力过程与全新世沉积体系的空间分布、物质组成、堆积速率、层序年代等特征相联系。全新世陆架与海岸沉积具有高分辨率、空间分布的不连续和沉积记录的片段性等特征。江苏海岸全新世中期海岸沉积、杭州湾全新世早-中期沉积、浙闽沿岸全新世沉积和其他陆架泥质沉积可从物质来源（海面上升中的沉积改造和河流入海通量）、输运-堆积过程、沉积层序形成的先后次序、陆架沉积记录的未来状况等方面进行分析。数值模拟可用以深化本区的过程-产物关系研究。 相似文献
4.
5.
6.
在高分辨率１４Ｃ测年、岩石、生物、化学、同位素、气候及磁性地层学研究成果基础上,通过不同沉积背景典型钻孔的沉积学分析,运用层序地层学理论,对东海陆架全新统进行了高分辨率层序划分及对比;建立了全新世层序地层格架及海平面变化过程;提出了相应的层序成因模式。研究结果表明,东海陆架全新统相当于一个发育中的六级（１～１０ｋａ）层序,可进一步划分为３个七级（０．１～１ｋａ）层序和若干个更次级层序。代表１个六级或３个七级周期相对海平面变化过程中叠加有若干更次级的海平面波动,它们与地球旋回谱系中的太阳带、历法带密切相关。七级层序具有与三级层序相近的内部构型和成因格架。在东海陆架全新世沉积演化过程中,长江三角州至少有３次不同程度地越过东海陆架进入冲绳海槽,并滞留有至少３层海侵改造“残积砂”沉积。在东海陆架全新世海平面变化期间,最大海平面时期为约距今６～５ｋａ,大致高于现今海平面２～４ｍ,最低海平面在距今１０ｋａ左右,大约低于现今海平面１３０ｍ。目前,由于温室效应的影响,海平面仍呈小幅度波浪式上升。事实证明,层序地层学不仅丰富了现代海洋沉积学的内容,而且解决了许多海洋沉积学未能解决的问题。 相似文献
7.
内蒙古盐湖的主要沉积特征及其古气候意义 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
内蒙古盐湖的沉积地层主要由碎屑、粘土 淤泥类和盐类化学沉积组成，构成完整连续的地层剖面。碎屑层的沉积代表干旱气候条件，植被稀疏；风化作用强烈；粘土 淤泥类属较深湖沉积物，反映沉积时的暖湿气候条件；有盐类沉积时气候干旱程度增加，厚层的芒硝和泡碱的沉积，代表有突然的降温过程。根据盐湖沉积演化过程分析，近２０ｋａＢ．Ｐ．以来内蒙古地区的古气候变化以暖湿－冷干交替变化为主要特征。在１５～１２ｋａＢ．Ｐ．、１１～１０ｋａＢ．Ｐ．和５ｋａＢ．Ｐ．以后，有几次较大的降温过程。 相似文献
8.
布兰斯菲尔德海峡ＰＣ１０岩心代表了１１２．５ｋａ Ｂ．Ｐ．以来的沉积记录。通过硅藻、氧同位素和磁组构参数的定量分析,表明沉积记录对气候变化的反应十分敏感。岩心包含了氧同位素１￣５期,古气候演变史大致可分为１２个带：末次间冰期的暖高峰期（１１２．５￣１０６．４ｋａ Ｂ．Ｐ．）、第一冷期（１０６．４￣１０１ｋａ Ｂ．Ｐ．）第一暖期（１０１￣９２ｋａ．Ｂ．Ｐ．）、第二冷期（９２￣８４ｋａ．Ｂ．Ｐ．）、第 相似文献
9.
福建海坛岛北部海岸带冲积扇沉积构造及其发育模式 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
海岸带冲积扇作为海陆过渡带中的重要沉积地貌单元,蕴藏有丰富的"陆-海-气"耦合作用及其古地理环境变化信息。本文选取福建海坛岛北部的海岸带冲积扇(大砂山)为研究对象,在大砂山表层布设6条累计长度约700m的探地雷达(GPR)测线,结合剖面观察解译以获取大砂山内部沉积构造和沉积序列信息。结果显示:GPR探测图像很好地显示约20m深度范围内的沉积构造信息,可以识别出9种沉积构造雷达相,这些雷达相总体上反映了海岸带冲积扇以泥石流和沟谷洪流为主、并交替有海岸风沙作用的沉积构造特征。综合三维沉积构造信息可知,大砂山为两个冲积扇侧向连接而成的复合体。结合野外地质地貌考察和砂样粒度分析,认为该冲积扇发育过程可分为四个阶段:(1)晚更新世末次间冰期,海岸带老红砂堆积形成"红色沙漠";(2)晚冰期时频发的暴雨洪水,携带南部山区的风化碎屑物质堆积在海岸带形成了冲积扇主体,并覆盖在老红砂剥蚀面上;(3)全新世早中期气候湿润,河流下切侵蚀冲积扇,形成大砂山基本形态;(4)全新世晚期,全球气候转冷,海岸风沙作用兴起,塑造成为现代大砂山的地貌特征。 相似文献
10.
华北地下水古环境意义及古气候变化对地下水形成的影响 总被引：9，自引：2，他引：7
华北地下水的同位素和化学组分受补给时期的气候影响指示了过去３．５万ａ的气候变化,其δ１８Ｏ的变化反映出了晚更新世向全新世转变时期的气候变化和晚更新世气温的波动;而在全新世则反映了夏季风带来丰沛降水的湿度变化。据地下水１４Ｃ年龄统计特征结合其它地质记录划分出了地下水的补给期。全新世以来对地下水补给有意义的补给期是６ｋａＢ．Ｐ．左右和４ｋａＢ．Ｐ．左右,而３ｋａＢ．Ｐ．左右地下水补给明显间断,钻孔土壤水ωＣｌ变化说明３ｋａＢ．Ｐ．左右气候干旱对地下水产生重要影响,可能是后期浅部水咸化的主要时期。 相似文献
11.
福建沿海地区第四系较为发育,是研究晚更新世以来相对海平面变化的理想区域。本文以福建宁德NDQK5岩芯中产出的高分辨率介形类化石为研究对象,结合加速器质谱法(accelerator mass spectrometry, AMS)14C和光释光测年技术建立岩芯年代框架,重建了中全新世期间福建沿海地区的相对海平面变化。结果显示,NDQK5岩芯中的介形类化石记录主要分布于4~17. 1 m段,对应年代约为8. 2~6. 9 ka BP。岩芯内共计识别出海相介形类23属26种,根据优势种以及特征种的相对丰度变化特征可将岩芯内的介形类动物群划分为3个组合：① 介形类组合A以Bicornucythere bisanensis和Sinocytheridea impressa为主,代表潮下带环境;② 介形类组合B以Sinocytheridea impressa和Neomonoceratina delicata为优势种,指示近岸内陆架的沉积环境;③ 介形类组合C以Sinocytheridea impressa和Loxoconcha ocellifera为主,代表潮间带的沉积环境。基于介形类组合的分布特征,本文推断福建沿海地区海平面约在8. 2~7. 4 ka BP期间持续上升,并在约7. 9~7. 4 ka BP区间达到最高;7. 4~7. 0 ka BP期间海平面下降,随后再次上升。因此,介形类化石记录指示福建沿海地区在全新世高海平面背景下依然存在相对海平面的次一级波动。同时,结合已有福建沿海地区海平面变化驱动机制的研究结果,本研究推断8. 2~7 ka BP期间福建沿海地区的海平面变化可能主要受控于冰盖融水;7 ka BP后该地区的海平面波动可能受控于“冰川- 水均衡调整”作用。 相似文献
12.
Jingran Zhang Sumiko Tsukamoto Alf Grube Manfred Frechen 《Boreas: An International Journal of Quaternary Research》2014,43(4):856-868
The history of sea‐level change and sediment accumulation since the last deglaciation along the German North Sea coast is still controversial because of a limitation in the quantity and quality of chronological data. In the current study, the chronology of a 16‐ka coastal sedimentary record from the Garding‐2 core, retrieved from the Eiderstedt Peninsula in Schleswig‐Holstein, northern Germany, was established using OSL and AMS 14C dating techniques. The robust chronology using 14 radiocarbon and 25 OSL dates from the Garding‐2 core is the first long‐term record that covers the Holocene as well as the last deglaciation period in one succession in the German North Sea area. It provides a new insight into understanding the Holocene transgression and coastal accumulation histories. The combined evidence from the sedimentology and chronology investigations indicates that an estuarine environment dominated in Eiderstedt Peninsula from 16 to 13 ka, followed by a depositional hiatus between 13 and 8.3 ka, attributed to erosion caused by the Holocene transgression; the onset of the Holocene transgression at the core site occurred at around 8.3 ka. The sea level continued to rise with a decelerated rate until around 3 ka. Since 3 ka, the shoreline has begun to prograde. Foreshore (tidal flat) sediments have been deposited at the drilling site with a very high sedimentation rate of about 10 m ka?1. At around 2 ka, a sandy beach deposit accumulated in the sedimentary succession, indicating that the coastline shifted landward, which may represent a small‐scale transgression in the late Holocene. At around 1.5 ka, terrestrial clastic sediment started to accumulate, indicating a retreat of the relative sea level in this area, which may be related to local diking activities undertaken since the 11th century. 相似文献
13.
笔者在琼州海峡西口第四系松散沉积物中新发现碳酸盐胶结岩,通过生物碎屑AMS14C同位素定年、全岩X衍射定量分析、扫描电镜、阴极发光、全岩主微量元素地球化学测试等方法对其进行了年代学和成因研究。结果显示,碳酸盐胶结岩的成岩时代为早—中全新世,具有等厚纤柱状环边胶结、重力悬挂胶结、马牙状胶结、（似）共轴增生胶结、非等轴胶结等5种胶结物特征;阴极发光环带具有广泛发育、环带密集,可见淡水和海水相互作用的咸淡水混合带,说明其成岩环境包括淡水渗流带、咸淡水混合带、海水渗流带、海水潜流带;结合其沉积主微量元素特征,其赋存层位的沉积环境为海岸沉积环境,滨岸沉积相障壁岛亚相,属于海滩岩。综合雷州半岛西南部灯楼角珊瑚礁的海平面记录,重建了全新世琼州海峡西口地区海平面演化历史：9. 9~6. 7 ka BP海侵期、6. 7~6. 2 ka BP海退期、6. 2~4. 2 ka BP海侵期和4. 2 ka BP至今的稳定期等四个阶段。 相似文献
14.
本文所述长江河口地区,指河口附近的陆上部分,包括北部的三角洲平原,东部的滨海平原及西南部的冲积一湖积平原。全区除局部见有一些基岩山体以外,绝大部分为第四系覆盖区。整个第四系岩相层序比较复杂,反映沉积环境有过多次更替。 相似文献
15.
晚更新世江苏海岸带沉积分布模拟研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
中国边缘海大陆架在晚更新世时期曾是海岸平原,在古长江、古黄河泥沙填充下形成了陆架堆积体,并在全新世发育了南黄海辐射沙脊群、废黄河三角洲和长江三角洲。根据点状的地质钻孔分析和重建,对南黄海-江苏海岸的沉积体系的分布和变化机制尚不明了。作为动力机制探讨,基于气候-海面-沉积系统,根据气候水文学、沉积学原理以及泥沙沉积面的动态高程计算,构建了气候冰川驱动-东黄海地海系统响应-河流沉积建造的数值模式,模拟了14万年、4万年和1万年不同时间尺度江苏海岸线和长江三角洲沉积的变化过程和分布,进而对冰川气候、构造沉降、沉积压实等复杂效应下的海面特征、陆源泥沙沉积和海岸线进行分析。模拟结果与地质钻孔资料揭示的层序和埋深能够进行对比。 相似文献
16.
KIM M. COHEN 《Sedimentology》2011,58(6):1453-1485
This study presents a detailed reconstruction of the palaeogeography of the Rhine valley (western Netherlands) during the Holocene transgression with systems tracts placed in a precise sea‐level context. This approach permits comparison of actual versus conceptual boundaries of the lowstand, transgressive and highstand systems tracts. The inland position of the highstand Rhine river mouth on a wide, low‐gradient continental shelf meant that base‐level changes were the dominant control on sedimentation for a relatively short period of the last glacial cycle. Systems in such inland positions predominantly record changes in the balance between river discharge and sediment load, and preserve excellent records of climatic changes or other catchment‐induced forcing. It is shown here that the transgressive systems tract‐part of the coastal prism formed in three stages: (i) the millennium before 8·45 ka bp , when the area was dominated by fluvial environments with extensive wetlands; (ii) the millennium after 8·45 ka, characterized by strong erosion, increasing tidal amplitudes and bay‐head delta development; and (iii) the period between 7·5 and 6·3 ka bp when the Rhine avulsed multiple times and the maximum flooding surface formed. The diachroneity of the transgressive surface is strongly suppressed because of a pulse of accelerated sea‐level rise at 8·45 ka bp . That event not only had a strong effect on preservation, but has circum‐oceanic stratigraphical relevance as it divides the early and middle Holocene parts of coastal successions worldwide. The palaeogeographical reconstruction offers a unique full spatial–temporal view on the coastal and fluvial dynamics of a major river mouth under brief rapid forced transgression. This reconstruction is of relevance for Holocene and ancient transgressive systems worldwide, and for next‐century natural coasts that are predicted to experience a 1 m sea‐level rise. 相似文献
17.
High-resolution seismic records obtained in the Rio Grande do Sul coastal zone, southern Brazil, revealed that prominent valleys and channels developed in the area before the installation of actual coastal plain. Landwards, the paleoincisions can be linked with the present courses of the main river dissecting the area. Oceanwards, they can be linked with related features previously recognized in the continental shelf and slope by means of seismic and morphostructural studies. Based mainly on seismic, core data and geologic reasoning, it can be inferred that the coastal valleys were incised during forced regression events into the coastal prism deposited during previous sea level highstand events of the Quaternary. Seismic data has revealed paleovalleys up to 10 km wide and, in some places, infilled with up to 40 m thick of sediments. The results indicated two distinct periods of cut-and-fill events in the Patos Lagoon area. The filling of the younger incision system is mainly Holocene and its onset is related to the last main regressive event of the Pleistocene, when the sea level fell about 130 m below the actual position. The older incision and filling event is related to the previous regressive–transgressive events of the Middle and Late Pleistocene. The fluvial discharge fed delta systems on the shelf edge during the sea level lowstands. The subsequent transgressions drowned the incised drainage, infilling it and closing the inlets formerly connecting the coastal river to the ocean. The incised features may have played a significant role on the basin-margin architecture, facies distribution and accommodation space during the multitude of up and down sea level events of the Quaternary. 相似文献
18.
海南岛东北海岸风沙沉积的光释光年代学意义 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
选取海南岛东北部JSD2和PQR2两个典型海岸沙质沉积剖面进行研究,共采集10个测年样品和89个指标分析样品,在室内进行了光释光（OSL）测年和粒度分析。结果表明:1）JSD2和PQR2剖面砂样以中细沙为主,粒度众数在225~400 μm之间。风沙沉积后受化学风化作用呈现淡红棕色至红棕色;2）JSD2剖面OSL年龄范围为（2.20±1.09）~（9.89±1.65） ka,属于全新世风沙沉积;PQR2剖面年龄范围为（3.41±0.78）~（22.50±1.07） ka,上部为全新世风沙沉积,下部为末次冰期和晚冰期的老红砂层;3）综合海南岛和华南其他海岸沙丘、海岸风沙年龄数据分析,研究区全新世海岸风沙沉积年代序列可划分为10.5~6.0 ka B.P.和6.0 ka B.P.以来两个阶段,华南热带与亚热带海岸风沙活动趋势基本一致。 相似文献