共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 31 毫秒
1.
On May 22 and 24, 1995, a buoy, designed to float with the water surface and equipped with a GPS antenna, was deployed off the California coast at 16 locations near the Texaco oil platform, Harvest. The purpose of this deployment was threefold:.(1) to demonstrate the ability of this style of buoy to calibrate the TOPEXIPOSEIDON (TIP) altimeter range measurement as it overflew the platform: (2) to demonstrate the ability of the buoy to map the ocean's surface over a 10‐km‐diameter circle surrounding platform Harvest; and (3) to demonstrate the ability of the buoy to measure the sea state accurately. During the 1.6‐h period surrounding the time of the TIP overflight, the buoy‐measured sea level never differed by more than 1.5 cm from the sea level measured by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) acoustic tide gauge on the platform. The good agreement demonstrated the capability of this style of buoy to calibrate altimetric satellites. A paraboloid was fitted to sea level from 16 buoy locations surrounding the platform with a 2.5‐cm rms residual. On a 10‐km‐diameter circle centered on the platform, the paraboloid was within 2.4‐cm rms of the Ohio State University Mean Sea Surface (OSUMSS95). H u3 values calculated around the overflight times from the GPS buoy vertical positions had a mean difference of 2 cm and a standard deviation of 18 cm from values calculated from the University of Colorado (CU) pressure gauge system. At the time of the overflight, H u3 was near 2 m, while 3‐m seas were observed by the CU pressure system during measurements later in the day. This experiment demonstrates that a simple wave‐rider buoy design can give comparable accuracies to that of more complex GPS platforms such as the University of Colorado's spar buoy, but is much easier to deploy and capable of being used in more severe weather conditions. Thus, such a buoy and derivative designs have great potential for calibrating altimetric experiments, and for oceanographic and geodetic mapping experiments. 相似文献
2.
GPS浮标数据反演海浪谱的理论仿真与试验验证 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
GPS浮标作为一种新型的海洋测量设备,近年来在海面高度现场测量和星载高度计定标方面取得了重要应用。通过仿真试验对反演海浪谱的方法和流程进行研究,旨在探索从GPS浮标测量的海面高度序列中提取海浪谱的方法。首先,使用Longuest模型生成了海浪波面位移时间序列,并通过Pierson-Moscowitz风浪谱对波面位移的统计特性进行约束,其随机性由相位引入。结合典型潮汐和GPS浮标仪器噪声的仿真时间序列,合成了仿真时间长度1h的1Hz(每秒1次)随机海面高度序列。然后,利用自相关函数法,进行高通滤波和数据压缩,得到了仿真的海浪谱。该仿真结果和理论海浪谱非常接近,可满足海浪谱反演的需求。最后,通过山东石岛外海的GPS浮标现场试验,验证了本文提出的反演方法的适用性。本文的研究解决了GPS浮标反演海浪谱的关键问题,丰富了海浪谱反演的手段,拓展了GPS浮标的应用领域,有望为未来我国的星载波谱仪定标服务。 相似文献
3.
水下GPS定位是近几年发展起来的高新技术.承载GPS接收机的海上浮标由于受海浪的影响,使得GPS接收信号附加了海浪信息,最终影响到水下目标的精确定位.针对海浪影响水下GPS定位精度现状,提出基于样条函数的数据分频处理方法,从而有效地分离海浪引起的长周期性漂移误差和短周期性随机误差,提高水下GPS定位精度.通过对实测数据的处理,证明了该方法的有效性. 相似文献
4.
Abstract Using GPS phase observations in the kinematic mode, we are able to achieve centimeter accuracy in relative three‐dimensional coordinates. This could be verified even for fast‐moving sensors in aircraft, such as airborne photogrammetric cameras, at the time of exposure. Sophisticated kinematic software has been developed resolving cycle slips and carrier‐phase ambiguities during motion. To determine the instantaneous sea surface, the GPS receiver is placed in a free‐drifting buoy with the antenna on top. Differencing the 1‐Hz observations, wave heights can be determined as well as velocity and direction of ocean (tidal) currents. This article deals with the experiences from a test for the practical realization of this proposal. Hardware installation, software, and data analysis are described. Plans to use such an observational scenario of a GPS buoy array in the North Sea for the calibration of the radar altimeter of the European satellite ERS‐1 are presented. 相似文献
5.
Cheng-Han Tsai Min-Chih Huang Fu-Ji Young Yin-Chern Lin Hsien-Wen Li 《Ocean Engineering》2005,32(10):4936-1259
Except the commonly selected pressure transfer function derived from the linear wave theory, a previous study on the pressure transfer function for recovering surface wave from underwater pressure transducer suggested that the pressure transfer function is a function of frequency parameter only. With careful analysis, this study showed that the pressure transfer function should include a transducer submergence parameter as that given by the linear theory. It was found that the previously suggested empirical formula should be restricted to measurements with the pressure transducer close to the surface; otherwise overestimation of wave height would result. Field measurements were carried out with an acoustic wave gauge and a synchronized pressure transducer located at various depths with submergence parameter close to 1 (near the sea floor). It was shown that the previous one-parameter empirical formula might overestimate the significant wave height by more than 30%. This study found that with deep-water wave bursts excluded, the transfer function based on the linear wave theory provided a fairly good estimation on the significant wave heights, with an average deviation of 3.6%. 相似文献
6.
为实现多频多模GNSS浮标在远距离海洋潮汐测量中的应用,基于精密单点定位(precision pointing positioning,PPP)数据处理策略获取潮位信息,以压力验潮仪为参考,对GNSS浮标测量海面高进行经验模态分解(empirical mode decomposition,EMD),滤去高频波浪和噪声,获取潮位进行精度分析。结果表明:多系统可以提高PPP解算潮位精度。GPS/GLONASS双系统和GPS/GLONASS/Bei Dou三系统PPP提取潮位与验潮仪潮位差值的最大误差均小于18cm,RMSE小于6. 5cm。因此,多系统PPP解算GNSS浮标海面高可以实现远离海岸的潮位获取与监测,能够提高海上潮位测量的效率。 相似文献
7.
Lipa B.J. Barrick D.E. Isaacson J. Lilleboe P.M. 《Oceanic Engineering, IEEE Journal of》1990,15(2):119-125
CODAR, a high-frequency (HF) compact radar system, was operated continuously over several weeks aboard the semisubmersible oil platform Treasure Saga for the purpose of wave-height directional measurement and comparison. During North Sea winter storm conditions, the system operated at two different frequencies, depending on the sea state. Wave data are extracted from the second-order backscatter Doppler spectrum produced by nonlinearities in the hydrodynamic wave/wave and electromagnetic wave/scatter interactions. Because the floating oil rig itself moves in response to long waves, a technique has been developed and successfully demonstrated to eliminate to second order the resulting phase-modulation contamination of the echo, using separate accelerometer measurement of the platform's lateral motions. CODAR wave height, mean direction, and period are compared with data from a Norwegian directional wave buoy; in storm seas with wave heights that exceeded 9 m, the two height measurements agreed to within 20 cm RMS, and the mean direction to better than 15° RMS 相似文献
8.
G. H. Purcell Jr. L. E. Young S. Kornreich Wolf T. K. Meehan C. B. Duncan S. S. Fisher 《Marine Geodesy》2013,36(3-4):255-264
Abstract This article describes the design and initial tests of the GPS portion of a system for making seafloor geodesy measurements. In the planned system, GPS antennas on a floating platform will be used to measure the location of an acoustic transducer, attached below the platform, which interrogates an array of transponders on the seafloor. Since the GPS antennas are necessarily some distance above the transducer, a short‐baseline GPS interferometer consisting of three antennas is used to measure the platform's orientation. A preliminary test of several crucial elements of the system was performed at the Scripps Institution of Oceanography (SIO) in December 1989. The test involved a fixed antenna on the pier and a second antenna floating on a buoy about 80 m away. GPS measurements of the vertical component of this baseline, analyzed independently by two groups using different software, agree with each other and with an independent measurement within a centimeter. The first test of an integrated GPS/acoustic system took place in the Santa Cruz Basin off the coast of southern California in May 1990. In this test a much larger buoy, designed and built at SIO, was equipped with three GPS antennas and an acoustic transducer that interrogated a transponder on the ocean floor. Preliminary analysis indicates that the horizontal position of the transponder can be determined with a precision of about a centimeter. Further analysis will be required to investigate the magnitude of systematic errors. 相似文献
9.
单点GPS浮标测波方法与数据质量控制研究 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
首先对GPS浮标测波原理进行分析,介绍了GPS接收器测量运动参数的多普勒方法;然后对于在现场测量中可能发生的采样丢失所导致的数据间断进行探讨,并提出了间断接续和冗余采样的解决方法,通过数值模拟实验证明了数据质量控制方法的有效性. 相似文献
10.
在对南海石油平台所处的南海北部海域海底地形、平均海平面、风浪时空分布等进行分析基础上,利用南海石油平台水位计对Jason-2卫星高度计进行了测高绝对定标,定标结果为30.9 cm±7.8 cm,分析发现南海北部中尺度涡可能对定标结果产生影响;利用南海石油平台测波雷达对Jason-1高度计有效波高进行了精度检验,Jason-1高度计Ku波段和C波段有效波高测量的均方根误差分别为0.43 m和0.45 m。分析和检验结果表明,南海石油平台所处海洋环境条件、平台上装载的水位计和测波雷达均满足卫星雷达高度计定标与检验要求。南海石油平台定标场预期可用于中国海洋二号卫星和其他卫星高度计的定标与检验。 相似文献
11.
Wanshan area has been chosen to be the specified field to calibrate and validate(Cal/Val) the HY-2 altimeter and its follow-on satellites. In March 2018, an experiment has been conducted to determine the sea surface height(SSH) under the HY-2 A ground track(Pass No. 203). A GPS towing-body(GPS-TB) was designed to measure the SSH covering an area of about 6 km×28 km wide centered on the HY-2 A altimeter satellite ground track. Three GPS reference stations, one tide gauge and a GPS buoy were placed in the research area, in order to process and resolve the kinematic solution and check the precision of the GPS-TB respectively. All the GPS data were calculated by the GAMIT/GLOBK software and TRACK module. The sea surface was determined by the GPS-TB solution and the tide gauge placed on Zhiwan Island. Then the sea surface of this area was interpolated by Arc GIS10.2 with ordinary Kriging method. The results showed that the precision of the GPS-TB is about 1.10 cm compared with the tide gauge placed nearby, which has an equivalent precision with the GPS buoy. The interpolated sea surface has a bias of –1.5–4.0 cm with standard deviation of 0.2–2.4 cm compared with the checking line. The gradient of the measured sea surface is about 1.62 cm/km along the HY-2 orbit which shows a good agreement compared with the CLS11 mean sea surface(MSS). In the Cal/Val of satellites, the sea surface between the tide gauge/GPS buoy and the footprint of altimeter can be improved by this work. 相似文献
12.
13.
We made and set a spar buoy in September 1975 at Tsuyazaki for the purpose of developing the buoy system to acquire the oceanographical data. Motions of the buoy were also measured in terms of three components of acceleration, roll, and pitch. The buoy was removed from the site in May 1978.A method of eliminating influence of the buoy motion on the measured wave data was invented and examined by using the field data. It was found that the influence of the buoy motion on the wave data was so small that the amount of correcting the motion was negligible. In addition wave data obtained at the buoy were compared with those obtained at the fixed type platform, which was built in 1974 to get the reference data of wind, waves and currents. The agreement was found to be good. The performance of the buoy was as good as intended. Thus, it was shown that the buoy so far developed could be used as the platform for oceanographic research such as measuring wind and waves with higher precision. 相似文献
14.
一种新型多功能海洋浮标 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
介绍一种多功能海洋考察与观测用浮标的结构、性能。浮标带有短波无线电遥控和数据传输功能、可外挂多种传感器;该浮标采用小水线结构,在较高海况下,具有较好的安定性。浮标配置了差分型全球定位（DGPS）接收机和短波电台,可对浮标的位置和工作状况实施实时监测,对浮标的工作程式实时遥控并进行必要的数据传输。浮标电子舱内具有大容量多通道数据采集记录系统,DGPS的lpps（1 pulse per second）信号被用于多浮标数据采集的精确同步。浮标可用于海洋监测、考察;也可用于水下目标高精度大地坐标测量等海洋工程。 相似文献
15.
16.
Use of nautical radar as a wave monitoring instrument 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
Common marine X-Band radars can be used as a sensor to survey ocean wave fields. The wave field images provided by the radars are sampled and analysed by a wave monitoring system (called WaMoS II) developed by the German research institute GKSS. This measuring system can be mounted on a ship, on offshore stations or at coastal locations. The measurement is based on the backscatter of microwaves from the ocean surface, which is visible as ‘sea clutter' on the radar screen. From this observable sea clutter, a numerical analysis is carried out. The unambiguous directional wave spectrum, the surface currents and sea state parameters such as wave periods, wave lengths, and wave directions can be derived. To provide absolute wave heights, the response of the nautical radar must be calibrated. Similar to the wave height estimations for Synthetic Aperture Radars, the so-called ‘Signal to Noise Ratio' leads to the determination of the significant wave height (HS). In this paper, WaMoS II results are compared with directional buoy data to show the capabilities of nautical microwave radars for sea state measurements. 相似文献
17.
利用X波段雷达提取海浪信息的分析 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
利用X波段雷达海浪信息提取系统,通过对龙口屺姆岛海域岸基试验数据分析,获得了有效波高、主波频率、主波波向等海况参数,并和该区域的浮标数据进行了比较分析,结果表明利用X波段雷达系统能够有效地获得海况信息。 相似文献
18.
介绍采用谱分析原理提取海浪信息的方法。根据GPS浮标测量得到的海浪高度数据,先通过滑动平均的方法分离海浪信息和潮流潮位信息,然后对海浪信息采用AR模型法进行功率谱估计,并对海浪信息进行连续小波变换,对AR模型法功率谱估计结果和小波变换结果进行综合研究,提取海浪特征参数———周期。最后通过一个GPS浮标试验对上述方法进行了验证。 相似文献
19.
Underwater ultrasonic acoustic transducers are frequently used in ocean wave measurements as they measure surface level using acoustic waves. However, their effectiveness can be severely affected in rough sea conditions, when bubbles generated by breaking waves interfere with their acoustic signals. When the seas are rough, one therefore often has to rely on a pressure transducer, which is generally used as a back-up for the acoustic wave gauge. A pressure transfer function is then used to obtain the surface wave information. Alternatively, the present study employed an artificial neural network to convert the pressure signal into significant wave height, significant wave period, maximum wave height, and spectral peakedness parameter using data obtained from various water depths. The results showed that, for water depths greater than 20 m, the wave parameters obtained from the artificial neural network were significantly closer to those obtained by the acoustic measurements than those obtained by using a linear pressure transfer function. Moreover, for a given water depth, the wave heights estimated by the network model from pressure data were not as good as those estimated by linear wave theory for large wave heights (above a 4 m significant wave height in this study). This can be improved if the training data set has more records with large wave heights. 相似文献
20.
搭载在欧洲环境卫星(ENVISAT)上的高级合成孔径雷达(Advanced Synthetic Aperture Radar,ASAR)二级波模式数据提供了诸多海浪信息包括有效波高、波向、波长和二维海浪谱等,在海浪预报模式中具有重要作用。本文拟利用浮标观测数据对ASAR波模式算法及其反演数据精度进行对比验证。由于SAR卫星在海面的特殊成像机制,不同海况下会有不同的测量结果,通过与美国国家浮标中心(NDBC)的浮标数据对比,显示ASAR有效波高在高海况下低估和在低海况下高估的现象,在中等海况下的测量结果较优。通过研究ASAR数据集中对应的海浪谱,按照能量与方向分布可分为四种类型:单一方向海浪谱(Ⅰ类谱),180°方向模糊海浪谱(Ⅱ类谱),海浪两个方向且能量分布杂乱(Ⅲ类谱),多个传播方向且谱型杂乱海浪谱(Ⅳ类谱)。探究在不同类型下的海浪参数的精度,结果表明在单一波向正常海浪谱情况下,有效波高、波向与浮标数据一致性较好,存在180°方向模糊的对称海浪谱仅有效波高精度较高,谱型杂乱的海浪谱海浪有效波高和波向反演结果均较差。 相似文献