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1.
1 RESEARCH BACKGROUND According to the modern wetland concept, inland saline alkaline wetland is a component of wetland. In the world, it is mainly distributed in inland plain, plateau and basin of the arid or semi arid areas where there are fragile ecosystems deteriorated environment and poor biological resources which result in backward economy and poverty. Therefore, the study on inland saline alkaline wetland is significant for improving environment and realizing sustainable d… 相似文献
2.
Wetland Is an important landscape existing almost DEFINITIONS OF WETLANDall over the world．In China，wetlands are distributedeverywhe。加mfrlgld－tern。。。ie zone to tropical zone，XU QI et al．dehned wetland as the soil which isfrom lmoral！o Inland from paln to pforeau and moisten by under－ground water or Is permanently ormountains．＞ome ot the wetlands share the sam。char－temno。rllv soak。d by ground。ater（XU，1995）．Thisacterlstlcs of other countries，and some are un… 相似文献
3.
Wetlands in China: Feature, value and protection 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
The estimated total area of wetland in China is more than 25.9 million hectares including about 11.9 million hectares of marshes
and bogs, 9.1 million hectares of lake and about 2.2 million hectares of coastal salt marshes and mudflats. The area of wetland
is equivalent to 2.7% of the land surface. China also has 2.7 million hectares of shallow sea water (less 5m in depth at low
tide). Marshes and bogs are equivalent 1.3% of the land surface. Only three provinces (regions)—Qinghai, Xizang (Tibet) and
Heilongjiang — have a larger total area of marsh and bog. According to the structure, type and development of wetland in different
river basins, wetland can be classified nine main regions. The experiments indicate that the coefficient of the marsh to regulate
flood is similar to that of lakes. Wetlands occupy 17.8% of the Sanjiang Plain area, the annual carbon contribution is 0.78
× 104t. Carbon released from marsh soil return into atmosphere is 3.95 × 106t/a. At present there is a sharp contradiction between population growth and natural resources shortage, causing wetland to
be exerted with huge pressures and serious threats.
Foundation item: Under the auspices of the Key B Item of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (KZ951-B1-201-02).
Biography: LU Xian-guo (1957 —), male, a native of Changchun City, Jilin Provice, professor. His research interests include
wetland process and environmental effect. 相似文献
4.
1 INTRODUCTION The Ussuri / Wusuli River watershed is located in the southeast part of Heilongjiang Province of China, which joins remote regions of Russia. The watershed consists of approximately 26 000 000 ha, which is about two thirds of the watershed ecosystem in Russia, one third in China. The Ussuri River forms part of the border between Russia and China, the shared border stretches more than 1100 km. Khanka/Xingkai Lake lies within both China and Russia. Its total area … 相似文献
5.
1 IN T R O D U C T IO NW aterbalance and interactions are foundation to utilizew aterresources rationally in arid inland river basins inC hina (W U etal.,2005).W ateravailability in those ar-eas m ay be the m ain constraint to poverty alleviation,publiche… 相似文献
6.
LU Xiaoning DENG Wei ZHANG Shuqing 《中国地理科学(英文版)》2007,17(2):143-150
The Huolin River is one of the most important water sources for Xianghai wetland, Horqin wetland, and Chaganhu wetland in the western Songnen Plain of Northeast China. The annual runoff series of 46 years at Baiyun- hushuo Hydrologic Station, which is located in the middle reaches of the Huolin River, were analyzed by using wavelet analysis. Main objective was to discuss the periodic characteristics of the runoff, and examine the temporal patterns of the Huolin River recharging to the floodplain wetlands in the lower reaches of the river, and the corresponding effects of recharging variation on the environmental evolution of the wetlands. The results show that the annual runoff varied mainly at three time scales. The intensities of periodical signals at different time scales were strongly characterized by local distribution in its time frequency domain. The interdecadal variation at a scale of more than 30yr played a leading role in the temporal pattern of runoff variation, and at this scale, the runoff at Baiyunhushuo Hydrologic Station varied in turn of flood, draught and flood. Accordingly, the landscape of the floodplain wetlands presented periodic features, es- pecially prominent before the 1990s. Compared with intense human activities, the runoff periodic pattern at middle (10-20yr) and small (1-10yr) scales, which has relatively low energy, exerted unobvious effects on the environmental evolution of the floodplain wetlands, especially after the 1990s. 相似文献
7.
野鸭湖湿地自然保护区是北京最大的湿地自然保护区,也是唯一的湿地鸟类自然保护区,因此,选择野鸭湖研究城市湿地景观格局演变特征具有典型意义。以野鸭湖自然保护区为研究对象,分析了1999年、2004年、2009年和2014年4个时期野鸭湖湿地系统景观格局演变过程,并根据景观指数分析其动态变化趋势。研究结果表明:①野鸭湖湿地面积在1999~2004年间逐渐减少,之后逐年恢复,至2014年湿地面积总数已恢复到1999年的水平,但水体的面积仍缩减一半,主要恢复的是草甸湿地和疏林湿地。②野鸭湖湿地景观格局的变化特征主要表现为:景观破碎度增加,景观形状更加复杂,景观多样性和异质性增加而优势度降低。③野鸭湖湿地斑块类型呈现如下特征:耕地连片分布,耕地开垦力度减缓;草甸湿地成片增长且优势度逐渐明显,形状复杂;水体分布聚集,2014年出现恢复现象;疏林湿地面积不断增长,呈现破碎化现象;建筑用地面积也略微增长,但分布分散;滩涂湿地面积最小,形状简单。 相似文献
8.
Taking the affinity between events and media as a conceptualization base, a total of 1032 related news reports of Expo ＇99 Kunming, gathered from the internet data bank of China INFOBANK from 1992 to 2003, are used as data sources. After classifying them with a communication research method--the content analysis, a data bank for SPSS is set up, and a mathematic model called the Integrated Impact Index of Expo ＇99 Kunming is constituted. With the model, the spatial distribution of the total integrated impacts of Expo ＇99 Kunming on the regions or cities with different regional scales is analysed quantitatively. The conclusions are： 1） the Expo ＇99 Kunming made obvious inte- grated impacts on the regions or cities of every scale, especially in the venue city and the region--Kunming City and Yunnan Province; 2） it had corresponding impacts on other provinces; 3） the spatial distribution of Integrated Impact Index had a disaggregation with both plane extension and spotted decentralization; and 4） there was a distance decay law in all three scales of regions （Kunming City, Yunnan Province and the whole China）, which incarnated the spatial extension law of the integrated impact of a special mega-event. 相似文献
9.
GUIYan-li FANGYan-gang LIUJi-sheng 《中国地理科学(英文版)》2004,14(3):276-282
This paper introduces a new concept of community-based ecotourism (CBET) that originated in foreign countries. Then it analyzes the significance of CBET development in nature reserve (NR). The authors think that community participation is the evitable choice of nature reserve‘s conservation and development. CBET, as the self-improved model ofecotourism, can promote tourism community sustainable development. Based on the stakeholder analysis of CBET in NRs, this paper addresses the reality, especially the problem of CBET development in NRs of China. In order to develop CBET in NRs of China, this paper takes some suggestions to promote the community participation: 1)gradual political empowerment, 2) deep level economic incentive, 3) widespread educational support, 4) impartial distribution of community benefits, and 5) stakeholders cooperation. 相似文献
10.
1INTRODUCTIONPlant canaccumulatemercuryfromair,soilandwa-ter.Theconcentrationofmercuryinplantisaffectedbythesource,form ofmercury andthephysiology ofplant.Theconcentrationsofinorganicmercuryandor-ganicmercuryinvariousplantsaredifferent,sotheenvironmentalexposureofmercuryandthebiotopeofplantscanbereflected bytheconcentrationofmer-curyinplants.Wetlandplaysanimportantroleinthetransportandcycleofmercury(DRISCOLLetal.,1994),andisanimportantsourceofmethylmercury ofsomelakesandrivers(STLOUI… 相似文献
11.
GE Ying LIANG Qi 《中国地理科学(英文版)》2006,16(3):193-198
1 Introduction For the two past decades of economic reforms in China, the urbanization level has risen dramatically from 17.92% in 1978 to 41.8% in 2004, with the average an- nual increase in the urbanized population of 3.3%. Owing to the social and economic factors, however, the agri- culture, rural area and farmer, named “three agricul- ture-related problems” in the country, have benefited little from the rapid and unprecedented process of ur- banization (Lin and Ho, 2003). Conversely, as… 相似文献
12.
HEPing WANGBao－zhong 《中国地理科学(英文版)》2002,12(3):254-261
Dongting Lake is internationally an important wetland.We summarized the conception,func-tion,classification and current situation of the wetland-landscape culture in this region.The results showed that the cul-ture of Dongting Lake wetland was rich in diversity,which are the Rice Cultivation Culture,high-balustrade dwelling,Nuo Culture,Ship Culture ,Dragon Boat Culture,Chu Culture,Ancient Architecture Landscape,Wetland Foodstuff and Cuisine Culture,Civil Art.Historic Heritage and Cultural Relics,Revolutionary Sites and Ruins,and Production and Living Culture,etc.We also evaluated the eco-tourism value of wetland landscape culture,and analyzed its features and orientation.The results revealed that the south Dongting Lake wetland plays role on the Changjiang(Yangtze)River reaches civilization and Chinese civilization,even has great influence on the global civilization.We summarized that the soul of the south Dongting Lake Culture was Wetland Culture ,Water Culture,Rice Cultivation and Chu Culture.The thoughts ,principles and approaches of sustainable exploitation and utilization of the wetland landscape culture were formulat-ed and suggested. 相似文献
13.
1 Introduction It has been reported that habitat nutrient availability frequently limited plant growth and determined species dominance and abundance in natural communities (Miao et al., 2000). Nutrient availability is also a main regulator of aquatic primary production. Human-induced nutrient enrichment results in die-back of native vegetation and alteration of species dominance in various aquatic eco- systems (Miao et al., 2000; Green and Galatowitsch, 2002). Particularly, nutrient enrichm… 相似文献
14.
Wetland biodiversity means mainly the types of wetland ecosystem and biological species diversity. Biodiversity includes all
species of plants, animals and microbes, all gene possessed by them and all ecosystems consisting of them and environment.
According to the origin and genesis, China’s wetlands can be divided into natural wetland ecosystems including mires, lakeshores,
bottomland, seashore, wet meadow, etc., and artificial wetland ecosystem including paddy field. Then based on geomorphological
type, these ecosystems can be divided into 15 subsystems, then based on soil substrata and ecological niche conditions, they
can be subdivided into 15 classes, finally according to construction species of plants, several types can be divided into.
They are not only the expression of ecosystem diversity, but also the base for biological communities subsistence. This peculiar
ecological niche provides a complex and perfect special habitat for various animal and plant communities. In this special
habitat, there exist various biological types from monomolecular microbes to higher plants and animals, especially some endangered
and rare plants and animals. According to the statistics, there are more than 300 species of birds in China wetlands, making
up one-third of the total number of China’s birds. Wetlands not only good place for waterbirds living, but also the important
environment on which wild animals and plant rely for existence. There are 65 species of mammals, 50 species of reptiles, 45
species of amphibious animals, 1040 species of fish, 825 species of higher plants, 639 species of angiosperm, 10 species of
gymnosperm, 12 species of pteridophyte and 164 species of bryophyte investigated in China’s wetlands. 相似文献
15.
Wetlands of China cover an area of 63 million ha, among which, natural wetlands 25 million ha, including mires, shallow lakes,
etc., artificial wetlands 38 million ha. Besides these, there are a lot of rivers and islands, stretching 18,000 km of coastal
line and coastal zone below the tidal within the water depth of 6 m. Based on the climatic regional differences, biota similarity
and biodiversity abundance, China’s wetlands can be divided into 9 main regions. Wetlands not only have huge functions to
regulate mankind’s living environment, but also are the important and precious natural resources. For a long period, since
the contradiction between population and resources, energy, grain is getting more and more obvious, China’s wetlands are facing
to serious disturbances, such as large-scale reclamation, overhunting, industrial waste water pollution and species introducing.
They have brought about the wetland quantity reducing and quality falling, furthermore have effects on sustainable development.
For the special national conditions of China, higher population pressure, China should carry out wetland resource protection
and rational utilization, not only protection. 相似文献
16.
Shuangtaizi estuarine wetland along the Bohai Sea coast, the biggest bulrush wetland in the world, has been listed in ‘The
Record of Important International Wetland Conservation District’. Taking the year of 2 000 as an example, the minimum, the
most suitable and the maximum ecological water requirement of Shuangtaizi estuarine wetland are calculated in this paper based
on both ecological theory and Geological Information System technology. In addition, the remote sensing technique is adopted
in the data acquisition process. Moreover, the total water requirement and the unit area water requirement for different wetland
types are obtained. The result is very important for water resources planning, ecological conservation and regional agriculture
structure adjustment in Shuangtaizi. Meanwhile, this study can serve as a useful example for calculating the ecological water
requirement in other similar estuarine wetlands. 相似文献
17.
Shuangtaizi estuary wetland, the largest natural conservation district in China, and one of the best preserved, largest ecological
lands with the most complete vegetation types in the world, is located in Panjin city, Liaoning Province. In recent years,
the degradation of Shuangtaizi estuary wetland is very serious. In order to rescue lives in the wetland and protect valuable
natural resources, the information system of Shuangtaizi estuary wetland was built with ‘3S’ technology, and the minimum,
optimum, and maximum eco-environmental water requirements were calculated respectively. Furthermore, for restoring the ecological
functions of wetland and preventing wetland degradation, the balance between supply and demand of water resource was analyzed,
and an optimal allocation scheme of water resources was proposed based on three kinds of equilibrium. 相似文献
18.
Kim Youngchul Hwang Gilson Lee Jin-Woo Park Je-Chul Kim Dong-Sup Kang Min-Gi Chang In-Soung 《中国海洋大学学报(英文版)》2006,5(4):345-350
In spite of the low temperature during the winter season and the high land environment, the wetland treatment system is gaining popularity in Korea because of its lower construction cost and simplicity in operation and maintenance. Many different types of wetland treatment systems have been built during the last 10 years, among which the free water surface wetland has been predominant. Most of the large-scale systems are government projects for improving the water quality of the streams flowing into the estuary dikes and reservoirs. The covering plants used in this system are different in different areas but cattails and reeds or their combinations are common. Constructed wetlands in Korea can be characterized by their shallow depths and short hydraulic residence times. There is no established flow pattern and configuration rules for constructing wetlands, but many efforts have been made with a view to improving their ecological function. Flow control is the most difficult problem in designing a riverbed or riparian wetland. There have been scores of flow rate control devices developed for wetlands, but none of them guarantee wetlands＇ safety against flooding. In earlier wetland construction, the building materials were mainly soil. Recently, strong and durable building materials such as rocks, gravel beds, concrete and steel are used at vulnerable places to protect them from erosion. Our investigation indicated that the wetland system would be an appropriate technology because it is not only cheaper to construct, but also requires less maintenance work. However, we suffer from the reduced effectiveness in performance during the winter. We need to evaluate the partial treatment accomplished during 6 to 7 months per year. 相似文献
19.
蔡述明 《中国地理科学(英文版)》1995,5(3):242-247
ＴＨＥＤＥＶＥＬＯＰＭＥＮＴＡＮＤＰＲＯＴＥＣＴＩＯＮＯＦＷＥＴＬＡＮＤＳＩＮＴＨＥＦＯＵＲＬＡＫＥＡＲＥＡＯＦＪＩＡＮＧＨＡＮＰＬＡＩＮＣａｉＳｈｕｍｉｎｇ（蔡述明）（ＩｎｓｔｉｔｕｔｅｏｆＧｅｏｄｅｓｙａｎｄＧｅｏｐｈｙｓｉｃｓ，ｔｈｅＣｈｉｎｅ... 相似文献
20.
安庆湿地信息系统结构与功能分析 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
湿地是一种重要的土地资源,也是人类生产、生活资料的重要源泉。利用GIS、RS、GPS技术研究湿地资源具有重要意义。安庆湿地由龙感湖、黄大湖、泊湖、菜子湖等组成。该区生物多样性和物种稀有性方面有其独特的意义,对研究人为活动影响下,湖泊湿地的发展变化及恢复有重要作用。建立湿地信息系统,为加强安庆湿地资源的开发利用和规划管理提供决策服务。 相似文献