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海洋可再生能源产业发展前景广阔,构建我国海洋可再生能源产业统计指标体系是开展海洋可再生能源产业运行监测和评估的前提。文章概述国际和国内海洋可再生能源产业统计的现状,总结主要特点和问题;在明确统计范围、设计原则和数据获取途径的基础上,构建我国海洋可再生能源产业统计指标体系,其中综合发展统计指标体系包括基本情况、总体规模、技术装备、运营情况和科技创新5个一级指标和38个二级指标,产业链发展统计指标体系包括装置研发、电站设计、加工制造、配套材料和设备、海上施工以及咨询服务6个一级指标和31个二级指标;最后提出建立常态化统计制度、定期更新统计指标及其数据、建立数据库以及开展产业运行监测和评估的建议,以期为我国海洋可再生能源产业的发展、管理和政策制定提供参考。 相似文献
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在传统能源日渐枯竭以及环境污染日益严重的情况下,以可再生能源为主的能源结构正逐渐取代以化石燃料为主的能源结构。海洋可再生能源作为一种储量巨大的可再生清洁能源受到了广泛的重视。文章在广泛整理、分析世界不同种类海洋可再生能源开发利用现状的基础上,结合我国海洋可再生能源开发利用实际及存在的问题,尝试提出我国海洋可再生能源的发展建议:明确我国海洋可再生能源状况,科学制定开发利用规划;考虑潜在环境问题,慎重推进海洋能发电站的巨型化;加强技术研发,促进海洋能资源的综合利用;开展国际合作,加速我国海洋能技术的发展。 相似文献
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海洋能源产业补贴是政府或相关机构基于能源供给侧要求以及可持续发展的目标而对海洋能源生产活动中的企业或个人提供的财产性资助。财政补贴顺应了国家能源供给侧改革的要求以及可持续发展的目标。文章从海洋能源产业补贴的基础问题入手,结合青岛市海洋能源产业补贴的实践现状对其存在问题进行体系化分析。在厘清宏观层面的法律体系不完善与微观层面的制度缺位的基础上,探究青岛市海洋能源产业补贴制度的完善路径。从央地立法互动、增强法律规范间的协调性、完善海洋能源补贴专门性立法的层面,优化青岛海洋能源产业补贴的整体法律布局。从海洋能源创新科研补贴制度、海上发电产业税收优惠制度、海洋能源制造业转型升级补贴制度、海洋能源产业应急保障补贴制度层面,实现青岛市海洋能源产业补贴具体制度的构建。以期推动我国海洋能源产业补贴制度的法治化建设。 相似文献
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我国海洋可再生能源正处于快速发展时期,自2010年国家设立海洋可再生能源专项资金以来,一大批的示范工程、研究与试验项目得到大力的支持与推广,形成了一批拥有自主知识产权的技术与装备。但是作为一个全新的能源领域,在项目实施过程中难免遇到一些问题,文章对2010—2011年立项的海洋能专项项目情况进行调研分析,对研究与试验项目和示范工程进行分类总结与概括,阐述当前海洋能专项项目在实施过程中的问题和不足,并对将来海洋可再生能源专项项目的发展提出一些建议。 相似文献
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Arne Schnack-Friedrichsen Angela M. Davis Jim D. Bennell Dei G. Huws 《Marine Georesources & Geotechnology》2001,19(4):221-243
The interdependence between the seismo-acoustic properties of a marine sediment and its geotechnical/physical parameters has been known for many years, and it has been postulated that this should allow the extraction of geotechnical information from seismic data. Though in the literature many correlations have been published for the surficial layer, there is a lack of information for greater sediment depths. In this article, a desktop study on a synthetic seafloor model illustrates how the application of published near-surface prediction equations to subsurface sediments (up to several tens of meters burial depth) can lead to spurious predictions. To test this further, acoustic and geotechnical properties were measured on a number of sediment core samples, some of which were subjected to loading in acoustically-equipped consolidation cells (oedometers) to simulate greater burial depth conditions. For low effective pressures (representing small burial depths extending to around 10 meters subsurface), the general applicability of established relationships was confirmed: the prediction of porosity, bulk density, and mean grain size from acoustic velocity and impedance appears generally possible for the investigated sedimentary environments. As effective pressure increases through, the observed relationships deviate more and more from the established ones for the near-surface area. For the samples tested in this study, in some instances increasing pressure even resulted in decreasing velocities. There are several possible explanations for this abnormal behavior, including the presence of gas, overconsolidation, or bimodal grain size distribution. The results indicate that an appropriate depth correction must be introduced into the published prediction equations in order to obtain reliable estimates of physical sediment properties for greater subsurface depths. 相似文献
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海上大直径钢管桩打桩过程中,桩周土体受到强烈扰动而发生强度弱化,掌握桩周土体强度弱化规律对于准确预测打桩过程、保证工程安全具有重要意义。为研究土体强度弱化规律,开展了环剪试验模拟打桩对桩周土体的扰动,测试土体强度随剪切速率的变化规律,建立了描述土体强度弱化规律的拟合公式,引入到打桩分析软件中。研究结果表明：土体的强度折减程度不仅与土体本身的性质有关还受到土体的埋深和剪切速率的影响,埋深越深土体强度折减程度越低,剪切速率越高土体强度折减越高,在打桩分析中可采用这里推荐的线性折减方法来模拟不同深度处土体强度的折减规律。 相似文献
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Shigehisa Nakamura 《Marine Geodesy》2000,23(1):55-61
Specific properties of the interannual sea level variations and annual tides in the Northwestern Pacific were studied. Several tide stations were monitored. The monthly mean sea level for the year of 1995 was analyzed at each tide station. A seismic event in 1995, some tectonic activity around the subject area, and the Kuroshio (the oceanic western boundary current) may possibly contaminate results which would have occurred from the astronomical annual tide alone. 相似文献
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Phylogenetic diversity and phenotypic characterization of cultivable bacterioplankton isolated from polar oceans 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
A set of 27 marine planktonic bacteria isolated from the polar regions was characterized by 16S rDNA sequencing and physiological and biochemical testing. More than half of these bacteria were positive for caseinase, gelatinase and 13-glucosidase, and could utilize glucose, maltose or malic acid as carbon source for cell growth. Twelve isolates expressed nitrate reduction activities. Except for one antarctic isolate BSwlO175 belonging to Actinobacteria phylum, these isolates were classified as γ-Proteobacteria, suggesting that γ-Proteobacteria dominated in cultivable marine bacterioplankton at both poles. Genus Pseudoalteromonas was the predominant group in the Chukchi Sea and the Bering Sea, and genus ShewaneUa dominated in cultivable bacterioplankton in the Prydz Bay. With sequence similarities above 97%, genus Psychrobacter was found at both poles. These 27 isolates were psychrotolerant, and significant 16S rDNA sequence similarities were found not only between arctic and antarctic marine bacteria （ 〉 99% ）, but also between polar marine bacteria and bacteria from other aquatic environments （ ≥ 98.8% ）, including temperate ocean, deep sea, pond and lake, suggesting that in the polar oceans less temperature-sensitive bacteria may be cosmopolitan and have a bipolar, even global, distribution at the species level. 相似文献
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The effect of different fixation and storage protocols on the flow cytometric (FCM) simultaneous analysis of bacterioplankton and phytoplankton in coastal seawater samples (Mediterranean coastal lagoons) was investigated. FCM measurements (cell number, fluorescence and scatter characteristics) were obtained through DAPI staining. Three fixatives [glutaraldehyde (GA), formaldehyde (FA) and paraformaldehyde (PFA)] and two storage (3 months duration) methods (5 °C and −196 °C) were tested. Two dominant populations were detected in studied samples: bacteria and eukaryotic picophytoplankton. Adding fixatives (2% final concentration) appears necessary to obtain FCM exhaustive counts of all the bacteria and phytoplanktonic cells. This was related to the permeation effect of fixatives which allowed a better DAPI staining of the cells. Maximum fluorescence, i.e. optimal staining of the cells was obtained with FA or PFA, and significant lower fluorescences with GA. Fixed samples stored at 5 °C induced rapid cell loss. Only storage in liquid nitrogen of samples fixed with FA or PFA, allows mid-term (≥4 months) preservation of bacteria or picophytoplankton cell numbers, and limited evolution of DAPI-induced fluorescence and scatter characteristics. 相似文献
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Sediment properties, such as water content and density, have been used to estimate the dry and wet weights, as well as the volume of sediment recovered and discharged, during benthic impact experiments conducted in the Pacific and Indian Oceans. The estimates show that the weights of dry (355-1332 t) and wet sediment (1651-4888 t) recovered during the experiments, are not only a function of the total duration and distance covered during the experiment, but also depend on water content and density of the sediment. Estimation of dry sediment and its volumetric ratio in the discharge, are key parameters for calculating the discharged volume. The estimated volume of wet sediment recovered (1427-4049 m 3 ) as well as discharged (2693-6951 m 3 ) during the experiments, provide important inputs to evaluate the sediment resettlement and migration. Using these estimates, the average depth of excavation on the seafloor, can also been calculated. However, the stages of sediment recovery and discharge are expressed differently in some of the experiments. In order to standardize these, different stages have been identified, and definitions of certain terms have been suggested, for use in the future. The methods of calculating different properties, as well as weight and volume of discharged sediment are described in the paper for use in other applications concerning deep-sea discharges. 相似文献
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A vertically integrated model has been used to study the tidal circulation and currents in the Gulf of Kachchh along the west coast of India. The model is fully nonlinear and uses a semiexplicit finite difference scheme to solve the basic hydrodynamic equations on a staggered grid. The model is forced by prescribing the tides along the open boundary of the model domain. The flow is simulated both with and without the presence of the proposed tidal barrage across the Hansthal Creek in the Gulf of Kachchh. The results show a considerable change in the behavior of the tidal flow in the presence of the barrage. 相似文献
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