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1.
云南毛坪铅锌矿区属于复杂型岩溶裂隙充水大水矿床,亟需查明其充水水源、径流途径以开展地下水防治工程设计与优化。基于水化学、氢氧同位素方法对矿区充水水源进行系统研究与辨识,并对矿区水文地质概念模型作了初步分析。矿区石炭系地下水表现为低水温、低TDS、高NO-3、富集重同位素,而矿区泥盆系地下水由北往南水温、TDS逐渐升高,NO-3浓度降低,微量组分浓度升高,且尤为富集轻同位素。研究结果表明以上组分均对矿区充水水源辨识有直接指示意义:石炭系主要受东侧献鸡一带岩溶洼地区补给,自东往西向矿区径流,并经由断层构造向矿区泥盆系北部补给,同时与泥盆系南部深层水源混合后排泄于矿区疏干漏斗中心。 相似文献
2.
Alexander Vandenbohede Ilka Wallis Emmanuel Van Houtte Eric Van Ranst 《Hydrogeology Journal》2013,21(6):1307-1321
Managed artificial recharge (MAR) is a well-established practice for augmentation of depleted groundwater resources or for environmental benefit. At the St-André MAR site in the Belgian dune area, groundwater resources are optimised through re-use of highly treated wastewater by means of infiltration ponds. The very high quality of the infiltration water sets this system apart from other MAR systems. The low total dissolved solid (TDS) content in the infiltration water (less than 50 mg/L) compared to the dune aquifer (500 mg/L) triggers a number of reactions, increasing the TDS through soil-aquifer passage. Multi-component reactive transport modelling was applied to analyse the geochemical processes that occur. Carbonate dissolution is the main process increasing the TDS of the infiltration water. Oxic aquifer conditions prevail between the infiltration ponds and the extraction wells. This is driven by the high flow velocities, leaving no time to consume O2 between the ponds and extraction wells. Cation exchange is important when infiltration water is replaced by native dune water or when significant changes in infiltration-water quality occur. The seasonal variation of O2 and temperature in the infiltration water are the main drivers for seasonal changes in the concentration of all major ions. 相似文献
3.
Temporal variations have been observed in both dissolved helium and TDS in the form of increase in basaltic and decrease in
alluvial aquifers. The increase in basaltic aquifers has been explained by enhanced pumping of old groundwater with relatively
higher concentration of dissolved helium and salt, whereas the decrease in alluvial aquifers has been explained by dilution
from the post monsoon groundwater recharge. Therefore, the observed temporal variations cannot be ascribed to the contemporary
enhanced seismic activity in this region since August–September 2000. 相似文献
4.
Yong Xiao Jingli Shao Yali Cui Ge Zhang Qiulan Zhang 《Journal of Earth System Science》2017,126(2):26
In this study, analysis of hydrogeological conditions, as well as hydrochemistry and isotopic tools were used to get an insight into the processes controlling mineralization, recharge conditions, and flow pattern of groundwater in a typical arid alluvial-lacustrine plain in Qaidam Basin, northwest China. Analysis of the dissolved constituents reveals that groundwater evolves from fresh water (TDS =300–1000 mg/l) to saline water (TDS ≥5000 mg/l) along the flow paths, with the water type transiting from HCO 3?Cl–Na ?Mg to HCO 3?Cl–Na, and eventually to Cl–Na. Groundwater chemical evolution is mainly controlled by water–rock interaction and the evaporation–crystallization process. Deuterium and oxygen-18 isotopes in groundwater samples indicate that the recharge of groundwater is happened by meteoric water and glacier melt-water in the Kunlun Mountains, and in three different recharge conditions. Groundwater ages, estimated by the radiogenic (3H and 14C) isotope data, range from present to Holocene (～28 ka). Based on groundwater residence time, hydrogeochemical characteristics, field investigation, and geological structure distribution, a conceptual groundwater flow pattern affected by uplift structure is proposed, indicating that shallow phreatic water is blocked by the uplift structure and the flow direction is turned to the northwest, while high pressure artesian water is formed in the confined aquifers at the axis of the uplift structure. 相似文献
5.
In this case study, silica concentration, oxygen and strontium isotopes of water samples were used to study surface water–groundwater
interaction at the Xin’an karst water system. The silica concentration in rain water is commonly less than 1 mg/l. In the
areas around the south tributary of the Zhuozhang River, silica concentrations in the groundwater in Quaternary aquifers range
between 4.04 and 7.66 mg/l while that of the surface water varies from 1.49 to 6.9 mg/l. Silica concentrations of most surface
water samples increase with TDS, indicating the effect of groundwater recharge on river water chemistry. On the contour map
of silica concentration of groundwater in Quaternary aquifers, samples located close to surface water often have lower silica
concentrations as a result of surface water recharge. Both overland flow and surface water have impact on karst water according
to our hydrogeochemical study of stable oxygen isotope, Sr isotope and strontium contents. Calculation results of three end
member mixing model show that the contribution of karst water, surface water and overland flow water is 45, 28 and 27%, respectively. 相似文献
6.
Nicholas Utting Bernard Lauriol Neil Mochnacz Werner Aeschbach-Hertig Ian Clark 《Hydrogeology Journal》2013,21(1):79-91
In Canada’s western Arctic, perennial discharge from permafrost watersheds is the surface manifestation of active groundwater flow systems with features including the occurrence of year-round open water and the formation of icings, yet understanding the mechanisms of groundwater recharge and flow in periglacial environments remains enigmatic. Stable isotopes (δ18O, δD, δ13CDIC), and noble gases have proved useful to study groundwater recharge and flow of groundwater which discharges along rivers in Canada’s western Arctic. In these studies of six catchments, groundwater recharge was determined to be a mix of snowmelt and precipitation. All systems investigated show that groundwater has recharged through organic soils with elevated PCO2, which suggests that recharge occurs largely during summer when biological activity is high. Noble gas concentrations show that the recharge temperature was between 0 and 5 °C, which when considered in the context of discharge temperatures, suggests that there is no significant imbalance of energy flux into the subsurface. Groundwater circulation times were found to be up to 31 years for non-thermal waters using the 3?H-3He method. 相似文献
7.
Medhat A. El-Bihery 《Environmental Geology》2009,58(5):1095-1105
Recently, Ras Sudr (the delta of Wadi Sudr) area received a great amount of attention due to different development expansion
activities directed towards this area. Although Quaternary aquifer is the most prospective aquifer in Ras Sudr area, it has
not yet completely evaluated. The present work deals with the simulation of the Quaternary groundwater system using a three-dimensional
groundwater flow model. MODFLOW code was applied for designing the model of the Ras Sudr area. This is to recognize the groundwater
potential as well as exploitation plan of the most prospective aquifer in the area. The objectives were to determine the hydraulic
parameters of the Quaternary aquifer, to estimate the recharge amount to the aquifer, and to determine the hydrochemistry
of groundwater in the aquifer. During this work, available data has been collected and some field investigation has been carried
out. Groundwater flow model has been simulated using pilot points’ method. SEAWAT has been also applied to simulate the variable-density
flow and sea water intrusion from the west. It can be concluded that: (1) the direction of groundwater flow is from the east
to the west, (2) the aquifer system attains a small range of log-transformed hydraulic conductivity. It ranges between 3.05
and 3.35 m/day, (3) groundwater would be exploited by about 6.4 × 106 m3/year, (4) the estimated recharge accounts for 3 × 106 m3/year, (5) an estimated subsurface flow from the east accounts for 2.7 × 106 m3/year, (6) the increase of total dissolved solids (TDS) most likely due to dilution of salts along the movement way of groundwater
from recharge area to discharge area in addition to a contribution of sea water intrusion from the west. Moreover, it is worth
to note that a part of TDS increase might be through up coning from underlying more saline Miocene sediments. It is recommended
that: (1) any plan for increasing groundwater abstraction is unaffordable, (2) reliable estimates of groundwater abstraction
should be done and (3) automatic well control system should be made. 相似文献
8.
Groundwater recharge and discharge processes in the Jakarta groundwater basin, Indonesia 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Proper management of groundwater resources requires knowledge of the processes of recharge and discharge associated with a groundwater basin. Such processes have been identified in the Jakarta groundwater basin, Indonesia using a theory that describes the simultaneous transfer of heat and fluid in a porous medium. Temperature-depth profiles in monitoring wells are used to determine the geothermal gradient. To examine the rules of groundwater flow in the distortion of the isotherms in this area, several methods are compared. Subsurface temperature distribution is strongly affected by heat advection due to groundwater flow. Under natural flow conditions, the recharge area is assumed to occur in the hills and uplands, which are located on the periphery of the Jakarta basin, and the discharge area is located in the central and northern part of the Jakarta groundwater basin. A transition area, which could act as local recharge and discharge areas, occupies the middle of the lowland. Subsurface temperatures show good correlation with the groundwater flow conditions, and the data yield important information on the location of recharge and discharge areas. 相似文献
9.
Hydrochemical evolution and water quality along the groundwater flow path in the Sandıklı plain, Afyon, Turkey 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
M. Afşin 《Environmental Geology》1997,31(3-4):221-230
An unconfined aquifer system suggests an open system in the study area. Hydrochemical evolution is related to the flow path
of groundwater. The groundwaters are divided into two hydrochemical facies in the study area, 1) Ca–Mg–HCO3 and 2) Ca–Mg–SO4HCO3. Facies 1 has shallow (young) waters which dominate in recharge areas during rapid flow conditions, whereas facies 2 may
show shallow and mixed waters which dominate intermediate or discharge areas during low flow conditions. Ionic concentrations,
TDS, EC and water quality are related to groundwater residence time and groundwater types. The groundwaters in the plain are
chemically potable and suitable for both domestic and agricultural purposes.
Received: 20 May 1996 · Accepted: 30 July 1996 相似文献
10.
文章在总结中国北方地下水最新调查成果的基础上,选择西北内陆盆地、华北平原和松嫩平原为典型区,对近50年来区域地下水系统的演变特征及其影响因素进行探讨。研究发现: 我国北方盆地和平原地下水系统演化具有渐变性和突变性特征,但在不同地区存在着差异,区域地下水系统已经变得脆弱,地下水资源可持续利用向不利的方向发展。地下水补给演变表现为山前平原地带的补给能力减弱,河道补给减弱或消失,中下游农业区地下水补给强度增大,总补给量呈现减小的趋势; 其中,西北内陆盆地下水补给的减少与上游水资源利用过度、渠系防渗程度提高有关; 而华北平原和松嫩平原地下水总补给量的减少与降雨量的减少和山区河流拦蓄水量的增加有关。伴随着补给模式的改变,地下水流场演变表现为普遍出现持续性的区域地下水位下降,西北干旱区表现为山前平原地下水位快速下降、泉流量减少、溢出带下移; 华北平原和松嫩平原表现为溢出带消失、水位降落漏斗形成并发展,区域地下水流被截断,形成以降落漏斗为中心的局部水流系统。地下水化学场变化主要表现为水化学类型变化、矿化度增大,污染组分增加。自西北内陆盆地至华北平原、松嫩平原,水化学变化强度明显增加,以华北平原和松嫩平原最为明显。本文在这些认识的基础上提出了应对气候变化与人类活动双重影响下地下水演变的适应性对策,为地下水资源可持续利用提供了理论依据。 相似文献
11.
Construction of the Sichuan-Tibet Railway may face significant geological safety risks of water inrush and mud inrush in the plateau tectonic karst region. It is of great scientific and practical significance to carry out research on the evolution regularity of the plateau tectonic karst and the relevant karst groundwater circulation mode for the early prediction and identification of the water inrush and mud inrush disaster in the railway tunnel to be built. Based on the field survey and published literatures, this paper makes an in-depth analysis and draws some conclusions. The tectonic karst development shows obvious sequence characteristics and elevation zonation. The first level to fourth level karst development areas were formed before Miocene, late Miocene to Pliocene, Pliocene and Pliocene to Pleistocene, and occur in the elevation range of 4900?5300 m, 4000?4300 m, 3700?3800 m and 2900?3200 m, respectively. Active faults obviously control the distribution and enrichment of karst groundwater. Since the late Pleistocene, active faults have connected different karst areas and formed unique storage conditions for the tectonic karst groundwater in the plateau region. Karst groundwater system can be divided into high recharge area, remote pipeline flow area and concentrated discharge area. The high recharge area occurs in the first-level karst evaluation area, and the third-level and fourth-level are the concentrated discharge area which generally contain the outcropping springs with a discharge of more than 100 L/s. The groundwater system is appropriately divided into shallow and deep groundwater flow system. Karst springs are mainly supplied by ice and snow melting water, and exhibits the dynamic characteristics of the high water pressure, long flow path and deep water groundwater circulation. High CO2 saturation concentration of the melting water and the salt effect of sulfate promote the formation of high TDS sulfuric acid karst groundwater of low temperature. 相似文献
12.
Application of hydrochemical signatures to delineating portable groundwater resources in Ordos Basin, China 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
The Ordos Basin of China encompasses Shaanxi, Gansu, and Shanxi provinces, Ningxia and Inner Mongolia autonomous regions.
It lacks significant surface water resources. Among the water-bearing formations, the Luohe formation, with an area of 1.32×105 km2, is the most prospective aquifer. Groundwater quality data collected at 211 boreholes drilled into the Luhe formation indicate
a complex distribution of groundwater chemistry. The hydrochemical properties were used to study the recharge, runoff, and
discharge conditions of the groundwater in Ordos Basin and to evaluate sustainable groundwater resources. In the northern
part of the basin, the hydrochemistry types and the total dissolved solids (TDS) show a clear lateral transition from SEE
to NWW, indicating that the groundwater gets recharge in the northwest region and discharges in the southeast region. In the
southern part of the basin, maximum TDS occurs at the center of the Malian River valley, from which the TDS decreases radially.
Therefore, the groundwater in the southern basin gets recharge from the southeast and southwest regions, and the Malian River
valley is the discharge zone. As a result of this research, the areas with portable groundwater were delineated. They include
most of the southeast region of the Sishili Ridge, east of the Ziwu Mountain, and the southwest corner of the basin. The TDS
of the groundwater in these regions is less than 1 g/l, and the hydrochemistry type is either HCO3 or HCO3·SO4. 相似文献
13.
Influences of groundwater extraction on flow dynamics and arsenic levels in the western Hetao Basin,Inner Mongolia,China 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Zhuo Zhang Huaming Guo Weiguang Zhao Shuai Liu Yongsheng Cao Yongfeng Jia 《Hydrogeology Journal》2018,26(5):1499-1512
Data on spatiotemporal variations in groundwater levels are crucial for understanding arsenic (As) behavior and dynamics in groundwater systems. Little is known about the influences of groundwater extraction on the transport and mobilization of As in the Hetao Basin, Inner Mongolia (China), so groundwater levels were recorded in five monitoring wells from 2011 to 2016 and in 57 irrigation wells and two multilevel wells in 2016. Results showed that groundwater level in the groundwater irrigation area had two troughs each year, induced by extensive groundwater extraction, while groundwater levels in the river-diverted (Yellow River) water irrigation area had two peaks each year, resulting from surface-water irrigation. From 2011 to 2016, groundwater levels in the groundwater irrigation area presented a decreasing trend due to the overextraction. Groundwater samples were taken for geochemical analysis each year in July from 2011 to 2016. Increasing trends were observed in groundwater total dissolved solids (TDS) and As. Owing to the reverse groundwater flow direction, the Shahai Lake acts as a new groundwater recharge source. Lake water had flushed the near-surface sediments, which contain abundant soluble components, and increased groundwater salinity. In addition, groundwater extraction induced strong downward hydraulic gradients, which led to leakage recharge from shallow high-TDS groundwater to the deep semiconfined aquifer. The most plausible explanation for similar variations among As, Fe(II) and total organic carbon (TOC) concentrations is the expected dissimilatory reduction of Fe(III) oxyhydroxides. 相似文献
14.
On Hatteras Island, North Carolina, USA, complex stratigraphy results from surficial sediments being superimposed on an inherited
Pleistocene platform. Numerical simulations used to simulate water-table profiles on the island illustrate the influence that
the complex stratigraphy has on water-table elevations. Field data consist of water-table profiles collected from a cross-island
transect of wells. These profiles show unusually high water-table elevations in the south-central portion of Hatteras Island.
Geophysical data are used to constrain the subsurface stratigraphy. Simple analytical solutions to the groundwater flow equation
using laterally varying recharge rates cannot match mean water-table profiles. More complex numerical simulations, which do
match the profiles, indicate that the elevated water levels result from a low-permeability unit that extends several kilometers
along the longitudinal axis of the island. Island geomorphology and ground-penetrating radar (GPR) data suggest that this
unit is a former interdunal wetland that has been buried by a series of parabolic dunes.
Received, September 1999 / Revised, March 2000 / Accepted, March 2000 相似文献
15.
Despite the continuous increase in water supply from desalination plants in the Emirate of Abu Dhabi, groundwater remains the major source of fresh water satisfying domestic and agricultural demands. Groundwater has always been considered as a strategic water source towards groundwater security in the Emirate. Understanding the groundwater flow system, including identification of recharge and discharge areas, is a crucial step towards proper management of this precious source. One main tool to achieve such goal is a groundwater model development. As such, the main aim of this paper is to develop a regional groundwater flow model for the surficial aquifer in Abu Dhabi Emirate using MODFLOW. Up to our knowledge, this is the first regional numerical groundwater flow model for Abu Dhabi Emirate. After steady state and transient model calibration, several future scenarios of recharge and pumping are simulated. Results indicate that groundwater pumping remains several times higher than aquifer recharge from rainfall, which provides between 2 and 5% of total aquifer recharge. The largest contribution of recharge is due to subsurface inflow from the eastern Oman Mountains. While rainfall induced groundwater level fluctuation is absent in the western coastal region, it reaches a maximum of 0.5 m in the eastern part of the Emirate. In contrast, over the past decades, groundwater levels have declined annually by 0.5 m on average with local extremes spanning from 93 m of decline to 60 m of increase. Results also indicate that a further decrease in groundwater levels is expected in most of Emirate. At other few locations, upwelling of groundwater is expected due to a combination of reduced pumping and increased infiltration of water from nonconventional sources. Beyond results presented here, this regional groundwater model is expected to provide an effective tool to water resources managers in Abu Dhabi. It will help to accurately estimate sustainable extraction rates, assess groundwater availability, and identify pathways and velocity of groundwater flow as crucial information for identifying the best locations for artificial recharge. 相似文献
16.
Huang Xiangui Ping Jianhua Leng Wei Yu Yan Zhang Min Zhu Yaqiang 《Hydrogeology Journal》2021,29(6):2149-2170
Studies on groundwater recharge are essential for sustainable exploitation of groundwater resources, especially in areas of extensive groundwater exploitation such as the Anyanghe River alluvial fan (ARAF) in the North China Plain (NCP). However, the recharge sources and processes and the contribution of each recharge flow component remain unclear. This study used hydrochemistry, stable isotopes, and tritium to investigate sources and underlying processes of groundwater recharge, along with the steady flow Mixing Cell Model (MCMsf) to quantify the proportion of each source flow for the shallow confined groundwater system in the medial fan. The results showed that groundwater mainly originates from precipitation occurring on the eastern Taihang Mountain area with average elevation estimated at 700–1,000 m above sea level during the East Asia summer monsoon period since 1952. Recharge mechanisms are: (1) river water seepage for the unconfined aquifers of the proximal and medial fan; (2) lateral flow for the confined aquifers of the medial and distal fan; and (3) precipitation infiltration for the phreatic water system. The MCMsf simulation showed that the shallow confined groundwater system in the central zone of the medial fan mainly recharged by the lateral flow from the proximal fan, a constant and considerable recharge flow from the southwestern and southern hills, and river water seepage in the medial fan; the lateral recharge flow from the Zhanghe alluvial aquifer was insignificant by comparison. The results of this study can act as a valuable reference for sustainable groundwater management in the ARAF.
相似文献17.
18.
The increased demands on water resources in northern China have had a significant impact on groundwater systems in the last three to four decades, including reductions in groundwater recharge capacity and overall water quality. These changes limit the potential for groundwater uses in this area. This paper discusses the issues surrounding groundwater system use in the eight basins of northern China as water resources have been developed. The results demonstrate that the recharge zone has shifted from the piedmont to the agricultural area, and that the total recharge rate in the basins tended to decrease. This decrease in arid inland basins was mainly caused by both the excessive use of water in the watershed area and irrigated channel anti-seepage. In semi-arid basins, the decrease observed in the groundwater recharge rate is related to an overall reduction in precipitation and increasing river impoundment. In addition, intensive exploitation of groundwater resources has resulted in disturbances to the groundwater flow regime in arid and semi-arid inland basins. Arid inland basins demonstrated fast falling groundwater levels in the piedmont plains resulting in declines of spring flow rates and movement of spring sites to lower locations. In the semi-arid basins, i.e. the North China Plain and the Song-nen Plain, groundwater depression cones developed and intersected regional groundwater flow. The semi-arid basins of the North China Plain and the Song-nen Plain have experienced significant hydrochemical evolution of groundwater characterized by changing water type including increase of TDS and pollutants. 相似文献
19.
E. César S. Wildemeersch Ph. Orban S. Carrière S. Brouyère A. Dassargues 《Hydrogeology Journal》2014,22(5):1087-1100
Models are the only tools capable of predicting the evolution of groundwater systems at a regional scale, by taking into account a large amount of information. This study presents the association of a water balance model (WetSpass) with a groundwater flow and solute transport model (SUFT3D, saturated and unsaturated flow and transport in 3D) in order to simulate the present and future groundwater quality in terms of nitrate in the Upper Dyle basin (439 km2) Belgium. The HFEMC (hybrid finite element mixing cell) method implemented in the SUFT3D code is used to model groundwater flow and nitrate transport. Spatially distributed recharge, modelled with WetSpass, is considered for prescribing the recharge to the groundwater flow model. The feasibility of linking the WetSpass model with the finite-elements SUFT3D code is demonstrated. Time evolution and distribution of nitrate concentration are then simulated using the calibrated model. Nitrate inputs are spatially distributed according to land use. The spatial simulations and temporal trends are compared with previously published data on this aquifer and show good results. 相似文献
20.
Mengnjo Jude Wirmvem Takeshi Ohba Justice Yuven Suila Wilson Yetoh Fantong Nchemty Oscar Bate Seigo Ooki Engome Regina Wotany Asobo Nkengmatia Elvis Asaah Samuel Ndonwi Ayonghe Gregory Tanyileke Joseph Victor Hell 《Environmental Earth Sciences》2014,72(9):3585-3598
Shallow groundwater (>30 mbgl) is an essential source of drinking water to rural communities in the Ndop plain, northwest Cameroon. As a contribution to water management, the effect of seasonal variation on the groundwater chemistry, hydrochemical controls, drinking quality and recharge were investigated during the peaks of the dry (January) and rainy (September) seasons. Field measurements of physical parameters were preceded by sampling 58 groundwater samples during both seasons for major ions and stable isotope analyses. The groundwater, which was barely acidic (mean pH of 6) and less mineralised (TDS < 272 mg/l), showed no significant seasonal variation in temperature, pH and TDS during the two seasons. The order of cation abundance (meq/l) was Na+ > Ca2+ > Mg2+ > K+ and Na+ > Mg2+ > Ca2+ > K+ in the dry and rainy seasons, respectively, but that of anions ( \( {\text{HCO}}_{3}^{ - } \) > \( {\text{NO}}_{3}^{ - } \) > Cl? > \( {\text{SO}}_{4}^{2 - } \) > F?) was similar in both seasons. This suggests a negligible effect of seasonal variations on groundwater chemistry. The groundwater, which was CaMgHCO3 and NaHCO3, is chemically evolved rainfall (CaMgSO4Cl) in the area. Silicate mineral dissolution and cation-exchange were the main controls on groundwater chemistry while there was little anthropogenic influence. The major ions and TDS concentrations classified the water as suitable for human consumption as per WHO guidelines. The narrow cluster of δ18O and δD of same groundwater from both seasons between the δ18O and δD values of May–June precipitation along the Ndop Meteoric Water Line indicates meteoric origin, rapid recharge (after precipitation) and timing of recharge between May and June rainfall. Diffuse groundwater recharge mainly occurs at low altitudes (<1,400 m asl) within the plain. Besides major ions and TDS, the similar δ18O and δD of groundwater from both seasons indicate a consistent groundwater recharge and flow pattern throughout the year and resilience to present day short-term seasonal climatic variations. However, controlled groundwater abstraction is recommended given the increasing demand. 相似文献