共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 328 毫秒
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以太湖为研究区域,同步获取悬浮物浓度实测数据、水体反射光谱数据和MODIS卫星影像数据,构建基于中分辨率成像光谱仪(MODIS)的悬浮物遥感估测模型.为了削弱大气效应,对MODIS影像了进行了粗略大气纠正.通过悬浮物特征光谱分析,将MODIS各敏感波段及波段组合与悬浮物浓度实测值进行相关分析,并应用实测光谱数据进行验证.在此基础上,运用回归分析建立半经验反演模型,并对模型进行了评价和应用.研究结果表明,MODIS影像可以很好地对大型内陆湖泊的悬浮物浓度进行遥感估测.250 m波段2 500 m波段4与1 000 m波段14是探测悬浮物的敏感波段.波段组合上,500 m组合因子r4/r3、r4-r3估测悬浮物含量的精度很高,适于构建反演模型;1 000 m波段8、11、131、4的多元组合也是构建模型的较好选择(R2均不低于0.85). 相似文献
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Susan L. Williams Albert Carranza Jennifer Kunzelman Seema Datta Kathryn M. Kuivila 《Estuaries and Coasts》2009,32(1):146-157
Early indicators of salt marsh plant stress are needed to detect stress before it is manifested as changes in biomass and
coverage. We explored a variety of leaf-level spectral reflectance and fluorescence variables as indicators of stress in response
to the herbicide diuron. Diuron, a Photosystem II inhibitor, is heavily used in areas adjacent to estuaries, but its ecological
effects are just beginning to be recognized. In a greenhouse experiment, we exposed Spartina foliosa, the native cordgrass in California salt marshes, to two levels of diuron. After plant exposure to diuron for 28 days, all
spectral reflectance indices and virtually all fluorescence parameters indicated reduced pigment and photosynthetic function,
verified as reduced CO2 assimilation. Diuron exposure was not evident, however, in plant morphometry, indicating that reflectance and fluorescence
were effective indicators of sub-lethal diuron exposure. Several indices (spectral reflectance index ARI and fluorescence
parameters EQY, Fo, and maximum rETR) were sensitive to diuron concentration. In field trials, most of the indices as well
as biomass, % cover, and canopy height varied predictably and significantly across a pesticide gradient. In the field, ARI
and Fo regressed most significantly and strongly with pesticide levels. The responses of ARI and Fo in both the laboratory
and the field make these indices promising as sensitive, rapid, non-destructive indicators of responses of S. foliosa to herbicides in the field. These techniques are employed in remote sensing and could potentially provide a link between
landscapes of stressed vegetation and the causative stressor(s), which is crucial for effective regulation of pollution. 相似文献
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基于多尺度遥感数据估算地表通量的方法及其验证分析 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
地表水热通量(显热通量、潜热通量)的遥感估算在全球气候变化、水资源、生态环境等研究领域具有重要的应用价值.MODIS数据的空间分辨率较低(热红外波段星下点为1 km),而地球表面的几何物理属性又具有高度非均匀性,因而在实际应用中面临较严重的尺度问题.探讨了多源卫星数据(中高分辨率Landsat TM与中低分辨率MODIS)相结合佑算像元通量的2种方法,分别利用高分辫率的地表分类及植被指数信息在混合像元内部进行亚像元处理,以提高非均匀地表混合像元的通量估算精度.研究数据来自于2008年黑河流域综合实验获取的遥感数据和辅助数据,验证数据来自于实验期间获取的不同下垫面的地表通量数据,包括涡度相关(EC)数据,以及大孔径闪烁仪(LAS)数据.计算结果表明,2种方法皆可在下垫面不均匀或者地表类型较复杂的情况下得到比较明显的纠正效果,纠正后的通量与观测更加接近.相比之下,利用植被指数分解温度的方法适用性更广,纠正效果更好.在地面验证中,对比分析了EC和LAS数据在TM尺度和MO-DIS尺度通量验证的适用性.LAS数据测量尺度与MODIS卫星像元尺度相匹配,可以直接验证MODIS通量计算结果,EC数据虽然可以直接验证TM计算的通量,但与MODIS数据对比,还需要进行尺度转换,即先用EC验证TM通量,然后将TM通量降尺度,与MODIS进行对比.最后对利用LAS验证通量的不确定性进行了分析,发现图像中LAS测点的几何定位误差以及LAS测量路径中像元的选取都对验证结果有一定影响. 相似文献
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干旱半干旱区土壤含盐量和电导率高光谱估算 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
以新疆南疆地区渭干河-库车河三角洲绿洲不同盐渍化程度的土壤为研究对象, 将土壤样品的含盐量与电导率数据和使用ASD FieldSpec Pro FR光谱仪测得土壤样品高光谱数据作为本研究原始数据. 首先, 对原始土壤光谱反射率曲线进行Savitzky-Golay滤波以消除光谱曲线噪声可能引起的误差, 对得到的光谱曲线进行对数、 倒数等15种光谱变换; 其次, 对土壤样品含盐量与电导率关系进行分析, 并通过两者与土壤光谱反射率不同光谱变换形式的相关性比较分析, 遴选出一阶微分、 对数倒数一阶微分、 连续统去除和连续统去除一阶微分四种相关性较好的变换形式; 最后, 以此变换形式对含盐量和电导率进行建模, 并对二者进行了高光谱估算精度的比较. 结果表明: 渭干河-库车河三角洲绿洲的含盐量与电导率的相关性较高, 达到0.9975; 电导率与四种不同光谱变换形式之间的相关性要优于含盐量, 特别在一些土壤盐渍化的敏感波段尤为突出; 无论是含盐量还是电导率, 多元逐步回归模型均优于一元线性模型, 且以电导率建立的两种回归模型的决定系数均高于含盐量. 研究表明, 土壤电导率对高光谱信息的反应比含盐量更敏感, 同时, 以电导率建模的估算精度比含盐量更高. 因此, 以电导率替代含盐量进行土壤盐渍化高光谱估算研究是一种精度更高、 速度更快的方法, 可为提高土壤盐渍化高光谱估算提供理论依据. 相似文献
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《Ore Geology Reviews》1999,14(3-4):157-183
Remote sensing is the science of acquiring, processing, and interpreting images and related data, acquired from aircraft and satellites, that record the interaction between matter and electromagnetic energy. Remote sensing images are used for mineral exploration in two applications: (1) map geology and the faults and fractures that localize ore deposits; (2) recognize hydrothermally altered rocks by their spectral signatures. Landsat thematic mapper (TM) satellite images are widely used to interpret both structure and hydrothermal alteration. Digitally processed TM ratio images can identify two assemblages of hydrothermal alteration minerals; iron minerals, and clays plus alunite. In northern Chile, TM ratio images defined the prospects that are now major copper deposits at Collahuasi and Ujina. Hyperspectral imaging systems can identify individual species of iron and clay minerals, which can provide details of hydrothermal zoning. Silicification, which is an important indicator of hydrothermal alteration, is not recognizable on TM and hyperspectral images. Quartz has no diagnostic spectral features in the visible and reflected IR wavelengths recorded by these systems. Variations in silica content are recognizable in multispectral thermal IR images, which is a promising topic for research. 相似文献
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掌握黑土地有机质含量对黑土资源利用与保护具有重要意义,而高光谱卫星影像的缺乏制约了区域尺度土壤有机质反演研究的开展.以黑龙江省建三江黑土区为例,采用CASI/SASI航空高光谱数据、ASD（analytical spectral devices）地面光谱数据和土壤样品有机质含量数据,基于有机质含量与光谱反射率的相关性和定量关系,构建最优的回归模型并开展研究区土壤有机质含量遥感反演.结果表明:偏最小二乘法回归模型比多元逐步回归模型更稳定（判定系数分别为0.885和0.653）,且精度更高（均方根误差分别为0.424和0.744）;采用偏最小二乘模型反演的结果与地面化探结果基本一致. 相似文献
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高光谱遥感图像受到成像系统硬件限制,无法同时具有高空间分辨率和高光谱分辨率,较低的空间分辨率制约高光谱图像的应用,超分辨率重建技术可提高图像的空间分辨率。针对高光谱图像的超分辨率重建中光谱保真度的问题,在重建方法中耦合光谱保真度函数,结合结构自适应归一化卷积方法,提出基于光谱保真约束的归一化卷积方法。具体地,将图像局部邻域内像素间的光谱相关性作为约束条件,将与中心像素光谱类似的像素赋予较大权值,从而提高重建后图像光谱特性的保持程度。实验中分别从空间结构与光谱信息保真两个方面来评价重建后结果,结果表明该方法具有较好的光谱信息保持度。 相似文献
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In this study, regression-based prediction of volume and aboveground biomass (AGB) of coniferous forests in a mountain test site was conducted. Two datasets — one with applied topographic correction and one without applied topographic correction — consisting of four spectral bands and six vegetation indices were generated from SPOT 5 multispectral image. The relationships between these data and ground data from field plots and national forest inventory polygons were examined. Strongest correlations of volume and AGB were observed with the near infrared band, regardless of the topographic correction. The maximal correlation coefficients when using plotwise data were ?0.83 and ?0.84 for the volume and AGB, respectively. The maximal correlation with standwise data was ?0.63 for both parameters. The SCS+C topographic correction did not significantly affect the correlations between spectral data and forest parameters, but visually removed much of the topographically induced shading. Simple linear regression models resulted in relative RMSE of 32–33% using the plotwise data, and 43–45% using the standwise data. The importance of the source and the methodology used to obtain ground data for the successful modelling was pointed out. 相似文献
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MODIS地表温度产品在青藏高原连续多年冻土区的适用性分析 总被引：4，自引：3，他引：1
利用自动气象站观测的长波辐射计算得到的地表温度对MODIS地表温度(LST)产品在青藏高原中部连续多年冻土区的精度进行验证, 并利用具有较高空间分辨率的Landsat 5 TM和Landsat 7 ETM+反演的地表温度与MODIS LST产品进行了对比分析. 结果表明: 白天MODIS LST产品的平均绝对误差(MAE)和均方根误差(RMSE)分别约为3.42~4.41 ℃和4.41~5.29 ℃, 夜晚MODIS产品MAE和RMSE分别为2.15~2.90 ℃和3.05~3.78 ℃, 精度高于白天; MODIS LST与TM、ETM+反演的地表温度一致性较好, 相关系数分别达到0.85和0.95. 说明MODIS LST产品在连续多年冻土区的适用性较高, 是研究多年冻土地表热状况的一个非常好的数据源. 而且, 不同空间尺度的遥感数据之间一致性较好, 可考虑将多源遥感数据应用于多年冻土热状况监测研究. 相似文献
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As drought occurs in different climates, assessment of drought impacts on parameters such as vegetation cover is of utmost importance. Satellite remote sensing images with various spectral and spatial resolutions represent information about different land covers such as vegetation cover. Hence, the purpose of this study was to investigate the performance of satellite vegetation indices to monitor the agricultural drought on a local scale. In this regard, satellite images including Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) and Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR) data were used to evaluate vegetation cover and their gradual changes effects on agricultural drought. Fars province in Iran with relatively low precipitation values was selected as the study area. Modified Perpendicular Drought Index (MPDI), MPDI1, Vegetation Condition Index (VCI), Normalized Difference Vegetation Index Anomalies (NDVIA), and Standardized Vegetation Index (SVI), were evaluated to select the remote sensing based index with the best performance in drought monitoring. The performance of such indices were investigated during 13 years (2000–2013) for MODIS and 29 years (1985–2013) for AVHRR. To assess the efficiency of the satellite indices in drought investigation, Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI) data of five selected stations were used for 3, 6, and 9 month periods on August. The results showed that NDVI-based vegetation indices had the highest correlation with SPI in cold climate and long-term timescale (6 and 9 month). The highest correlation values between remote sensing based indices and SPI were acquired, respectively, in 9-month and 6-month time-scales, with the values of 43.5% and 40%. Moreover, VCI showed the highest capability for agricultural drought investigating in different climate regions of the study area. Overall, the results proved that NDVI-based indices can be used for drought monitoring and assessment in a long-term timescale on a local time-scale.
相似文献13.
Spectral vegetation indices (VIs) are a well-known and widely used method for crop state estimation. The ability to monitor crop state by such indices is an important tool for agricultural management. Even though differences in imagery and point-based spectroscopy are obvious, their impact on crop state estimation by VIs is not well-studied. The aim of this study was to assess the performance level of the selected VIs calculated from spaceborne multispectral imagery and point-based field spectroscopy in application to crop state estimation. For this purpose, irrigated chickpea field was monitored by RapidEye satellite mission and additional measurements by field spectrometer were obtained. Estimated VIs average and coefficient of variation from each observation were compared with physical crop measurements: leaf water content, LAI and chlorophyll level. The results indicate that indices calculated from spaceborne spectral images regardless of the claimed response commonly react on phenology of the irrigated chickpea. This feature makes spaceborne spectral imagery an appropriate data source for monitoring crop development, crop water needs and yield prediction. VIs calculated from field spectrometer were sensitive for estimating pigment concentration and photosynthesis rate. Yet, a hypersensitivity of field spectral measures might lead to a very high variability (up to 69%) of the calculated values. Consequently, the high spatial variability of field spectral measurements depreciates the estimation agricultural field state by average mean only. Nevertheless, the spatial variability might have certain behavior trend, e.g., a significant increase in the active growth or stress and can be an independent feature for field state assessment. 相似文献
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使用1982-2006年GIMMS AVHRR NDVI数据集与同期的CI、K、Pa、SPI、Z、PDSI等干旱指数做了对比分析, 讨论了河南省植被状态指数VCI对气象干旱的滞后效应及干旱监测能力. 结果表明: VCI指数与气象干旱指数的相关性受不同下垫面的影响较大, 农地的VCI与气象干旱指数相关性要明显高于林地, 农地VCI与气象干旱指数呈现正相关关系. 在河南省不同的作物生长阶段, VCI对气象干旱有着不同的滞后效应, 其中, 3-5月份冬小麦生长期VCI对气象条件的反应滞后1~3个月, 7、9月份夏玉米生长期VCI对气象条件的反应滞后1月. 总体上看, 结合前期的气象数据, VCI对河南省气象干旱有一定的指示作用和监测能力. 相似文献
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多光谱数据的最佳波段选择直接影响图像的目视解译和信息提取。在分析TM影像各波段间的标准差、相关系数和最佳指数因子内在联系的基础上,提出采用最佳指数因子与蚀变信息光谱特征相结合的方法选择遥感影像的最佳波段组合。研究表明,最佳指数因子与蚀变信息光谱特征相结合是多光谱数据最佳波段选择的理想方法;TM4＋TM5＋TM7波段组合获取的合成图像构造清晰,岩性差异显著,最有利于蚀变信息的提取。 相似文献
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基于ASAR-APP影像数据和光学影像数据,根据水云模型研究了小麦覆盖下地表土壤含水量的反演方法。利用TM和MODIS影像构建的植被生物、物理参数与实测小麦含水量进行回归分析,发现TM影像提取的归一化水分指数(NDWI)反演精度较好,相关系数达到0.87。根据这一关系,结合水云模型并联立裸露地表土壤湿度反演模型,建立了基于多源遥感数据的土壤含水量反演模型和参数统一求解方案。反演结果表明:该方案可得到理想的土壤水分反演精度,并可控制参数估计的误差。反演土壤含水量和准同步实测数据的相关系数为0.9,均方根误差为3.83%。在此基础上,分析了模型参数的敏感性,并制作了研究区土壤缺水量分布图。 相似文献
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This paper present the results of a study made to assess the grades of iron ore deposits in parts of Noamundi area using the hyperspectral image data (EO-1 Hyperion). The study involves hyperspectral image data, preprocessing (removal of atmospheric effects), spectral curve generation from the image, extraction of certain spectral parameters and spectral data analysis. Atmospheric correction was carried out by using algorithms involving atmospheric analysis of spectral hyper-cubes and Quick Atmospheric Correction modules. Spectral curves generated for the pixels that contain iron ores resemble the spectral signature of iron ores, i.e., very strong absorption at 850–900nm region is observed. The strength of the absorption varies spatially at different pixels. Hence, spectral parameters such as radius of curvature of NIR absorption trough (750–1000nm), position of NIR absorption trough and distance from a reference(100% reflectance) line have been derived for all the image-derived spectra and were compared with the concentration of iron in the ore samples of mines. Empirical models were generated by relating the image-derived spectral parameters of iron ore locations and geochemistry of the samples collected from the same location which shows a reasonable match. Strong negative correlation is seen between the radius of curvature of the NIR absorption trough and concentration of iron with a R2 value of 0.809. The position of the NIR absorption trough is seen to shift towards longer wavelengths with decreasing iron content and the distance from the reference line increases with increasing iron content. Thus, this study indicates that it is feasible to discriminate the grades of iron ores from the spectral parameters derived from Hyperspectral satellite images. 相似文献
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高光谱遥感是一种利用成像光谱仪同时获取地物目标辐射、光谱和空间等多重信息遥感的技术,水文地质是高光谱遥感重要的应用领域之一,通过高光谱遥感图像分析,能够提取大区域包气带及含水系统的水文地质信息,可为水文地质环境的识别及实时监测、地下水资源高效管理、地下水数值模型构建等提供科学数据。通过调研凝练了高光谱遥感基本原理方法及其在水文地质方面的应用研究,重点总结了地下水环境污染和水文信息反演方面的高光谱遥感应用研究进展,分析了高光谱遥感水文地质应用所面临的挑战,并展望了高光谱遥感水文地质应用研究的发展趋势,主要包括:通过土壤和植被的光谱信息实现对研究区包气带土壤重金属污染状况的大面积、短周期连续快速监测;在高光谱图像中提取构造、地层岩性等地质和水文地质特征,以环境指示因子（如植被）为有效补充,获取饱和带地下水环境信息;通过高光谱图像识别植被类型、计算植被覆盖度、分析叶片反射光谱特征并建立模型反演土壤含水量和地下水位,为研究和保护缺水地区生态环境提供数据支撑。 相似文献
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受大气环境等因素的影响, 高光谱遥感矿物识别难以达到较高的精度.为解决该问题, 根据光谱吸收特征参数在大气变化中能保持相对稳定的特点, 提出一种基于光谱特征参数组合的高光谱矿物类型识别方法.文中计算了多种光谱特征参数, 通过最佳指数因子(optimum index factor, OIF)优选特征参数组合, 选定最佳特征参数组合, 利用模式识别方法实现矿物识别.利用机载可见/红外成像光谱仪(airborne visible infrared imaging spectrometer, AVIRIS)高光谱数据, 在美国内华达州Cuprite矿区进行了该方法的应用试验研究, 并与前人矿物填图结果做了对比.结果表明: 吸收波谷位置-吸收面积-吸收右肩位置(P-A-S2)光谱特征参数组合的矿物识别效果最优, 整体精度达到74.68%. 相似文献