共查询到19条相似文献，搜索用时 250 毫秒
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岩石损伤软化统计本构模型及参数确定方法的新探讨 总被引：5，自引：2，他引：3
基于现有岩石损伤软化统计本构模型研究,通过探讨岩石损伤软化统计本构模型参数与岩石应力-应变全程曲线特征参数即峰值应力与应变的关系,建立起特定围压下模型参数与围压的解析表达式。引进岩石Mohr-Coulomb强度准则,建立不同围压下岩石应力-应变全程曲线峰值应力与围压之间的关系,再通过探讨不同岩石应力-应变全程曲线峰值应变与围压的关系,导出了具有普遍意义的不同围压下岩石峰值应变计算公式,从而建立岩石损伤软化统计本构模型参数确定的新方法,由此得到能够模拟不同围压下岩石应变软化全过程的统一损伤软化统计本构模型。该模型较同类模型具有参数少和易于确定等特点,理论计算和实测结果比较分析表明了该方法与模型的合理性。 相似文献
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基于残余强度修正的岩石损伤软化统计本构模型研究 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
岩石随着围压的增大,残余强度的增加幅度比峰值强度大,残余强度逐渐成为影响岩石全应力-应变曲线峰后段的主要因素,因此,建立岩石损伤软化统计本构模型时,对残余强度进行修正是非常必要的。基于岩石应变强度理论以及岩石微元强度服从Weibull随机分布的假设,考虑岩石峰后残余强度对损伤变量进行修正,在微元破坏符合Hoek-Brown屈服准则条件下,建立了能够反映岩石峰后软化特征的三维损伤统计本构模型;依据岩石试验全应力-应变曲线的几何特征,推导出本构模型参数的数学表达式,并基于花岗岩室内试验数据对模型参数进行探讨,研究了Weibull分布参数与本构模型的关系,探讨了损伤修正系数的取值和岩石累积损伤的扩展过程;将建立的本构模型理论曲线与4种岩石（斑状二长花岗岩、细晶大理岩、砂岩和粉砂质泥岩）不同围压下的常规三轴压缩试验曲线进行对比分析,结果表明,该模型能很好地描述岩石破裂过程的全应力-应变关系和表征岩石残余强度特征。这对于岩石损伤软化问题以及岩石加固处理措施的研究均具有重要的意义。 相似文献
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模拟应变软化岩石三轴试验过程曲线 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
在经典弹塑性理论框架下,认为岩石材料在应变软化过程中遵守摩尔-库仑强度准则,塑性变形服从非关联流动法则。对两组岩石在三轴试验中呈现的应变软化行为进行了分析,获取了峰值前后强度参数的大小。采用应变软化模拟方法,将应力-应变曲线峰后应变软化阶段简化为一系列应力跌落和塑性流动的脆塑性过程,在给定的强度参数演化规律基础上,得到了岩石的应力-应变曲线、侧向应变-轴向应变曲线、体应变-轴向应变曲线和塑性体应变-轴向塑性应变曲线。模拟得到的应力-应变曲线与试验结果吻合较好,其他曲线与相关试验测试规律基本一致。研究成果对确定岩石强度参数与认识岩石峰后强度演化规律有一定的指导意义。 相似文献
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岩石抗压强度和变形参数是岩石工程设计的重要指标。由于岩石是典型的非均质材料,其强度和变形特性随样品尺
寸的变化而不同。本文采用PFC2D程序模拟了不同围压下不同尺寸岩样的压缩试验。结果表明（1） 岩样具有明显的尺寸效
应。同一围压下,尺寸越大,岩石强度、峰值应变和压缩模量越小,尺寸的变化对岩样的破坏模式影响较小;（2） 岩样具
有明显的围压效应。同一尺寸的岩样,随着围压的增大,岩石强度、峰值应变和压缩模量均增加,其中强度和峰值应变随
围压的增加呈线性增加。同时,随着围压的增大,岩石破裂模式由轴向劈裂破坏向剪切破坏变化;（3） 围压的存在会影响
岩样的尺寸效应。不同尺寸岩样的强度和峰值应变在相同围压区间内的增量基本相同,同时随着围压的增大,其强度和峰
值应变增加,进而使岩石强度和峰值应变的尺寸效应弱化;而不同尺寸岩样的压缩模量在相同围压区间内的增长率大致相
同,因而造成围压对压缩模量尺寸效应的影响较小 相似文献
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层状岩体的非均质性及各向异性导致其破裂方式及规律与均质岩体有显著不同。对层状岩体分别进行不同方式的单轴、双轴、三轴试验, 分析应力-应变曲线特征; 再利用ANSYS有限元软件进行数值模拟, 观察应力、应变在岩体上的分布, 通过曲线和图件的对比分析, 并结合岩石破裂理论, 总结不同应力状态下层状岩体的破裂方式、顺序及规律; 最后以富台地区为例, 对分析结果进行验证。研究结果表明, 不同受力方式对层状岩体破裂的影响体现在施加的载荷及约束与层面的方位。当应力方向与岩层面平行时, 强度大的石灰岩岩体发生集中应力, 首先破裂; 而应力与岩层面垂直时, 强度小的泥岩岩体首先破裂。岩石试验、数值模拟结果以及实例均成功验证了这个规律。 相似文献
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深部岩石在工程中具有高应力、大变形等典型特点,因此,高围压下考虑岩石残余强度的三轴试验对于分析深部岩石力学特性具有重要意义。离散单元法是分析岩石力学特性的重要数值方法,但是长期以来采用离散单元法定量模拟岩石的三轴试验一直存在诸多挑战,即数值模拟与室内试验得到的应力-应变全过程曲线难以定量匹配。采用改进的三维胶结抗弯-扭模型对深部砂岩考虑残余强度时的三轴试验进行了定量模拟,实现了数值模拟与室内试验应力-应变全过程曲线的定量匹配,获得了岩石较大的峰值/残余内摩擦角及非线性强度包线,克服了经典BPM模型存在的3个突出问题。通过参数分析,研究了峰值/残余内摩擦角及黏聚力与离散元微观参数之间的关系,同时这些大量的算例也证明了该模型具有较高的计算效率,可以满足模拟三维室内常规试验的要求。 相似文献
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基于强度参数演化行为的岩石峰后应力-应变关系研究 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
基于岩石材料峰后强度参数的演化行为,结合强度准则,提出了建立峰后应力-应变关系的一般方法。在此基础上,基于摩尔-库仑强度准则,以最大主应变 作为应变软化参数,假设黏聚力 ,内摩擦角 为主应变 的分段线性函数条件下,给出了岩石材料的峰后应力-应变关系式的求法。在数值算例中,利用提出的方法,给出了大理岩在不同围压下的应力-应变曲线,算例显示,利用这一方法求得的峰后应力-应变关系曲线变化趋势与试验数据基本一致,表明该方法在研究峰后应力-应变关系上具有一定的合理性。 相似文献
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为了研究花岗岩在不同围压、不同应变率下的动力学特性与本构行为,利用改进的分离式霍普金森压杆（SHPB）,对其进行了试验测试,并将损伤统计理论引入鲍埃丁模型,对所得到的本构模型与试验数据进行拟合分析,进而探讨模型中各参数对应力-应变曲线的影响。结果表明:围压和应变率都能提升花岗岩的抗压强度,两者均与试样动态强度增长因子呈正相关,且围压的存在提高了岩石的塑性特性,应力-应变曲线上出现塑性屈服平台;主动围压下,试样的弹性模量有一定的提高,但总体上未见明显的率效应和围压效应;本文所构建的模型预测结果与不同围压下试样的应力-应变曲线均有较高的吻合度,可为相关工程设计与施工提供一定参考。 相似文献
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The influence of the intermediate principal stress on rock strength has been studied comprehensively by previous researchers. However, the reason why rock strength firstly increases and subsequently decreases with the increase of intermediate principal stress is still unclear. In this paper, the mechanism of the intermediate principal stress effect on rock failure behaviour is revealed through a numerical method using the EPCA3D system (Elasto-Plastic Cellular Automaton). In this study, both homogeneous and heterogeneous rocks are considered. The heterogeneity of a rock specimen is modelled by introducing Weibull's statistical distribution. Two criteria, i.e. the Drucker–Prager and Mohr–Coulomb models, are used to determine whether a meso-scopic element in the rock specimen is in a failure state or not during the polyaxial stress loading process. The EPCA3D simulation reproduces the typical phenomenon of the intermediate principal stress effect that occurs in some rock experiments. By studying the EPCA3D simulated acoustic emission and complete stress–strain curves illustrating failure initiation, propagation and coalescence in the failure process of rocks, the essence of the intermediate principal stress effect is tracked. It is concluded that the heterogeneous stress distribution induced by the natural heterogeneity of rocks and the effect of the loading platen are two of the reasons producing the intermediate stress effect. Studies indicate that a moderate intermediate principal stress delays the onset of local failure, which in turn leads to an increase in the rock strength. However, once the intermediate principal stress reaches a certain value, local failure will be formed through the application of the intermediate principal stress. It is the number of failed elements in the pre-peak region that determines whether the rock strength decreases or not. The extent of rock strength reduction when the intermediate principal stress reaches a certain value is lessened with the increase in the minimum principal stress. 相似文献
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Victor Abioye Akinbinu 《Geotechnical and Geological Engineering》2016,34(3):877-887
Tests to determine the complete stress–strain curve of rocks indicate whether the rocks can be classified a Class I or Class II. Class II rocks exhibits the potential for self-sustained failure in the post-peak region. The purpose of the research described in this paper was to investigate whether or not this self-sustained failure characteristic is related to the fragmentation of the rock. The aim of the research was, therefore, to determine possible relationships between fragmentation and various properties of several rocks types, including the influence of the Class II characteristic. Fragmentation of rock depends on its self-sustaining failure behaviour and the energy available in the post-peak region to shatter the rock. The correlation of static and dynamic rock properties with size of fragments resulting from compression tests demonstrate clear relationships of Class II rocks, but the same cannot be said for Class I rocks. Analyses of test results show that fragmentation increases with an increase in rock strength, and is explosive for Class II rocks. Probability density distributions were constructed to show the overall comparison of fragment sizes produced during failure of Class II and Class rocks. The calculated probability of passing at X50 and X10 sieve sizes show that Class II rocks as a group are more finely fragmented. It can therefore be concluded that, when breaking rocks under the same steady loading conditions, Class II rocks will show greater fragmentation than Class I rocks. 相似文献
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煤岩两体模型变形破坏数值模拟 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
采用拉格朗日元法,在弹性岩石与弹性-应变软化煤体所构成的平面应变两体模型的上、下端面上不存在水平方向摩擦力条件下,模拟了模型的破坏过程、岩石高度对模型及煤体全程应力-应变曲线、煤体变形速率、煤体破坏模式及剪切应变增量分布的影响。结果表明,当模型的全程应力-应变曲线达到峰值时煤体内部的剪切带图案已经十分明显,在模型的应变硬化阶段,煤体中的应变局部化可视为模型失稳破坏的前兆,随岩石高度的增加,模型应力-应变曲线的软化段变得陡峭,这与单轴压缩条件下的解析解在定性上是一致的;煤体应力-应变曲线的软化段变得平缓,煤体消耗能量的能力增强;弹性阶段煤体的变形速率降低;煤体内部的剪切应变增量增加。煤体应力-应变曲线的软化段的斜率、弹性阶段煤体的变形速率、煤体内部的剪切应变增量及塑性耗散能都受岩石高度的影响,说明了岩石几何尺寸对煤体的影响(煤岩相互作用)是不容忽视的。 相似文献
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K. Ma C. A. Tang L. C. Li P. G. Ranjith M. Cai N. W. Xu 《Arabian Journal of Geosciences》2013,6(6):2147-2163
Little has been published on the three-dimensional (3D) simulation of the progressive failure of rock slopes, possibly because the process of failure involves a complex, nonlinear evolution from initiation, through propagation and crack. In addition, rock is typically anisotropic, which makes it difficult to identify and describe the slope constituents and failure processes accurately. Despite such difficulties, further study of the fracture process is just as important as analyzing stress fields in 3D rock slope failures. In this paper, the 3D realistic failure process analysis code using finite element programming, and an extended version of numerical centrifugal method, is used to simulate slopes failure with different dip angles. The numerical centrifugal analysis results in this paper are found that the critical failure surface develops along the weak structural surface when the slope dip angle β is below 30°; conversely, the failure surface is formed along the toe of circular sliding when β is above 30°. In addition, it is also found that whether or not including the irregularity of joint into modeling to analyze the 3D slope stability problem will lead to a significant difference in factors of safety, it can reach 8.41 % at the same slope angle. Furthermore, the acoustic emission analyzing reveals deformed location characters of rock slope during the failure processes. With such capabilities, the approach contributes significantly to the in-depth study of the mechanisms of rock slope instability process. 相似文献
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A combined finite-discrete element approach is used to simulate the complete 3D fracture process during conventional laboratory testing, including Brazilian indirect tension and uniaxial and biaxial compression. A typical granite rock type (based on the Lac du Bonnet granite) was simulated to investigate the fracture pattern and mechanical strength of brittle rock in the laboratory. Damage intensity parameters (D21 and D32) are introduced and utilized to characterize the induced damage in the models. These parameters provide an improved representation of the cumulative associated damage and facilitate a quantitative characterization of crack intensity during testing. The numerical simulations included both 3D and 2D models, and show that there is a good agreement between the strength response derived from simulations both in 3D and 2D and the considered rock material. A good correlation also exists between the fracture pattern in 3D and the equivalent 2D models. The influence of confinement on the biaxial strength and the associated damage in compression is investigated. While axial splitting is the dominant failure mode at low confinement, finite-discrete element simulations show that a shear failure mode tends to dominate as the confinement increases. The dependency of dilation upon the confining pressure is also demonstrated, the dilation angle decreasing with increased confinement. 相似文献
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煤层底板变形破坏除受地质因素控制外,还受开采因素影响。通过试验和理论分析,系统研究了煤炭开采对回采工作面底板应力、应变和破坏及渗透性的影响。研究结果表明,不同岩性岩石的渗透性在全应力-应变过程中为应变的函数,在微裂隙闭合和弹性变形阶段,岩石的原生孔隙和裂隙容易被压密,岩石的渗透率随应力的增加由大变小明显,当应力增大至极限强度时岩石试件破坏形成贯穿裂隙,岩石的渗透率迅速增大至最大,不同岩性岩石存在一定差异性;随着回采工作面推进,煤层底板岩层在横向上划分为原岩应力区、超前压力压缩区、采动矿压直接破坏区和底板岩体应力恢复区4个区。煤层底板岩体的渗透性随着煤炭开采底板岩体变形破坏而呈规律性变化。 相似文献
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Damage and fracture propagation around underground excavations are important issues in rock engineering. The analysis of quasi-brittle materials can be performed using constitutive laws based upon damage mechanics. The finite element code RFPA2D (Rock Failure Process Analysis) based on damage mechanics was used to simulate a loading-type failure process around an underground excavation (model tunnel) in brittle rock. One of the features of RFPA2D is the capability of modeling heterogeneous materials. In the current model, the effect of the homogeneous index (m) of rock on the failure modes of a model tunnel in rock was studied. In addition, by recording the number of damaged elements and the associated amount of energy released, RFPA2D is able to simulate acoustic activities around circular openings in rock. The results of a numerical simulation of a model tunnel were in very good agreement with the experimental test using the acoustic emission technique. Finally, the influence of the lateral confining pressure on the failure mechanism of the rock around the model tunnel was also investigated by numerical simulations. 相似文献