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1.
为了解大亚湾沉积物中重金属分布及污染状况,于2016年8月对大亚湾海域表层沉积物中重金属元素（As、Cd、Cr、Pb、Zn和Cu）展开调查,并将获得的各元素含量与粒度、Fe、Mn和总有机碳（TOC）等相关理化要素进行相关性分析。结果表明：大亚湾沉积物中重金属受陆源输入影响较大,含量基本呈现为沿岸高、湾内低的趋势,总体质量较好,基本符合第一类海洋沉积物质量标准要求;澳头湾和范和港附近海域人类活动密集,重金属含量较高。通过相关性分析结果发现,大亚湾重金属主要来源为岩石的风化和侵蚀、工业污水排放和渔业养殖等;Cu与铁锰氧化物结合性弱于其他元素,在还原性环境中被沉积物吸附形成金属Cu硫化物可能是喜洲岛附近海域Cu元素含量异常高值的原因;作为湾内有机质主要来源的水生浮游生物的生长状态对Cr、Zn和Pb含量影响较大;Cr、As和Pb与粉砂结合为主,Zn与粘土结合为主。 相似文献
2.
辽东湾表层沉积物的重金属污染特征与质量评价 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
本文研究了辽东湾表层沉积物中重金属的分布及污染特征,评价其生态风险及环境质量。对辽东湾表层沉积物8种重金属（As、Cu、Cd、Cr、Hg、Ni、Pb、Zn）的空间分布进行了研究,采用Hankanson法和Igeo（地累积指数）分析了该海域重金属潜在生态风险,并评价了该海域的环境质量。在辽东湾葫芦岛附近海域、西南部六股河口东南部海域以及西部近岸海域表层沉积物中As、Cu、Cd、Cr、Hg、Ni、Pb和Zn含量偏高。地累积指数法及生态风险指数法对重金属污染程度评价结果一致,辽东湾生态环境具有潜在危害的重金属主要是Cd、Hg和As,8种重金属潜在生态风险系数由高到低依次为Cd、Hg、Cu、Pb、As、Zn、Ni和Cr,各站位重金属综合潜在生态风险指数均大于150,生态风险总体上处于中等生态风险等级。Cd和Hg是该海域沉积物重金属中主要污染物,局部区域达到中、中-强污染程度。环境质量评价表明,辽东湾表层沉积物重金属引发有害生物效应的可能性不大,但Cd和Hg显著富集,应予以重视。 相似文献
3.
厦门西海域沉积物中重金属的赋存状态及潜在迁移性 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
以厦门西海域沉积物为研究对象,利用改良BCR连续提取法分析了沉积物样品中Zn、Mn、Cr、Cu、Cd和Pb的赋存状态,并通过潜在迁移指数（PMI）探讨了沉积物中重金属的潜在迁移风险.结果表明：6种重金属总量在厦门西海域沉积物中由大到小的顺序为：Mn〉Zn〉Cr〉Pb〉Cu〉Cd,其中Mn和Zn的含量达到了1 471 mg/kg和231 mg/kg.与沉积物质量标准对比,沉积物样品中Zn、Cr、Cu和Pb的含量较高.改良BCR连续提取表明6种金属中Zn、Cr和Cu主要以残渣态存在,Mn和Cd主要以酸溶态存在,Pb则以可还原态为主.厦门西海域沉积物中6种重金属的潜在迁移指数大到小的顺序为：Mn〉Cd〉Zn〉Cu〉Pb〉Cr,其中Mn和Cd的潜在迁移危险最大. 相似文献
4.
Metals (Cd, Cu, Ni, Zn, Mn and Fe) were analyzed seasonally over three years in sediments and in tissues of the clam Scrobicularia plana in four Moroccan Atlantic estuaries: Loukkos, Sebou, Bou Regreg and Oum er Rbia. Of these metals, Cd was at the lowest concentrations in sediment. Concentrations of Cu, Zn, and to a lesser extent Ni, in sediments suggest greater contamination in Sebou and Bou Regreg than in the other estuaries. The fluctuations of Mn and Fe concentrations in the fine surface sediments reflect their continental origin and show seasonal variations that indicate soil run-off following rain events. Concentrations of Cu, Zn, and especially Ni in clam tissues in these estuaries were generally higher than in some other common bioindicator bivalve species. The seasonal variations in S. plana's tissue metal concentrations are linked to patterns of reproductive activity for all metals except Cd and possibly Zn, whose tissue concentrations may be regulated. Mn and Fe concentrations in S. plana were positively correlated to sediment levels of these metals. 相似文献
5.
Kongtae Ra Joung-Keun Kim Sang Hee Hong Un Hyuk Yim Won Joon Shim Seung-Yong Lee Young-Ok Kim Jaesoo Lim Eun-Soo Kim Kyung-Tae Kim 《Ocean Science Journal》2014,49(3):279-289
Heavy metal concentrations in the surface sediments of specially managed Ulsan Bay were investigated to determine metal distribution, pollution status and its ecological risk using pollution indices (enrichment factor and geo-accumulation index), potential ecological risk index and sediment quality guidelines (SQGs). The order of mean concentration (mg/kg) of metals was Zn (361.9) > Cu (95.6) > Pb (90.7) > Cr (64.7) > Ni (32.2) > Co (16.6) > As (15.8) > Cd (0.40) > Hg (0.16) in sediments of Ulsan Bay. Spatial distribution of metals in sediments showed a significantly higher concentration near industrial complexes, indicating that metal pollution is caused by anthropogenic sources. The results of enrichment factor (EF) and geo-accumulation index (Igeo) showed that sediments were significantly accumulated with Cu, Zn, As, Cd, Pb and Hg, indicating moderate to very severe enrichment (pollution) by these metals. Based on the potential ecological risk index, Hg and Cd posed a very high and a considerable potential ecological risk. Cu and As posed a moderate potential ecological risk, while, other metals (Cr, Co, Ni, Zn and Pb) rarely posed any potential ecological risk to the coastal environments. The sediments in Ulsan Bay showed a very high level of ecological risk, dominated by Hg and Cd. Metal concentrations in sediments were 80% for Cu, 96.7% for Zn, 50% for As, 70% for Pb and 50% for Hg above the threshold effects level (TEL), respectively. 相似文献
6.
The comparison of spatial and temporal distribution of Hg, Cd, Pb, Cu, Ni, Zn, Mn and Fe concentrations in sediments from the Gulf of Riga and open Baltic Sea along the coastal zone is presented for the first time. There were considerable differences in Pb, Zn, Mn and Fe levels in sediment at various stations of the Gulf of Riga. A significant difference of Cd, Pb, Cu, Ni, Zn levels was found in sediments of various stations in the open Baltic coast. The amount of Cd, Pb, Cu, Ni, Zn and Fe levels also differed significantly in the sediments of the Gulf of Riga in different years. A considerable yearly difference in amount of Hg, Cd, Pb, Cu, Ni and Mn levels was found in sediments in the open Baltic coast. The essential highest values of Pb and Zn in coastal sediments of the open Baltic Sea are stated in comparison with the Gulf of Riga. The concentrations of other metals have only a tendency to be higher in coastal sediments of the open Baltic Sea in comparison with the Gulf of Riga. Natural and anthropogenic factors were proved to play an important role in determining resultant metals concentrations in the regions. 相似文献
7.
SHEN Qiushi ZHANG Lu Ismael Aaron KIMIREI WANG Zhaode GAO Qun CHEN Shuang YU Cheng 《海洋湖沼学报（英文）》2019,(1):134-145
The vertical distributions of trace metals and physicochemical parameters in water columns in Kigoma Bay and Kungwe Bay in eastern Lake Tanganyika, Tanzania, were studied. The Al, Ba, Ca, Co,K, Mg, Mn, Mo, Na, Sn, Sr, and V concentrations were low and varied very little with depth. The toxic heavy metal(As, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb, and Zn) concentrations were relatively high in the surface water, and the Cu, Ni, Pb, and Zn concentrations decreased with depth. Principal component and cluster analyses indicated that the metals in the lake had three main sources. Al, Ba, Ca, Co, Cu, Cr, Mn, Sr, Sn, and V were found to be geogenic; As, Cr, Cu, Mo, Ni, Pb, Sn and Zn anthropogenic; and As, Ca, Co, Mg, and Na biogenic.Human health risk assessments were performed, and it was found that trace metals in the water at most of the sampling sites would cause no potential adverse ef fects or non-carcinogenic health risks through dermal contact or ingestion. However, trace metals in surface water in Kungwe Bay could have certain adverse ef fects on human health through the ingestion pathway(the total hazard quotient for ingestion(ΣHQi ng)was 1.75(a value >1 was de?ned as possibly indicating adverse ef fects). The Pb HQi ng for surface water in Kungwe Bay was 1.50 and contributed >80% of the ΣHQ_(ing_, implying that Pb pollution is a water quality and safety problem that needs to be carefully monitored and the potential sources identi?ed. 相似文献
8.
海水养殖池沉积物中重金属形态和生物酶活性的关系研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
以连云港市对虾养殖池表层沉积物为研究对象,采用Tessier连续萃取法,研究了表层沉积物中重金属(Cu、Zn、Pb、Cd、Cr、As、Mn)的赋存形态和酶(脲酶、碱性磷酸酶、过氧化氢酶、转化酶)活性的相关性。结果表明,重金属Cu和Zn以有机-硫化物结合态为主要的赋存形态,Pb以铁锰氧化物态为主要的赋存形态,Cd以可交换态(平均33.47%)和碳酸盐结合态(平均31.16%)为主要存在形态,Cr和As主要以残渣态存在,Mn的铁锰氧化物态比例最高。脲酶的活性范围为0.45—8.96mg/(g·24h),碱性磷酸酶活性范围为2.45—6.69mg/(g·24h),过氧化氢酶活性范围为0.14—2.36m L/(g·min),转化酶活性范围为0.45—10.45mg/(g·24h)。脲酶活性与Cd、As的可交换态、Cd的碳酸盐结合态、Cu、As的铁锰氧化物态、Zn、Pb、Cd、Mn的有机硫化物态之间显著相关;碱性磷酸酶活性与Zn、Cd的铁锰氧化物态显著相关;过氧化氢酶活性与Cd的可交换态、碳酸盐结合态及残渣态、Cu、Cd、As的铁锰氧化物态、Zn、Pb、Cd、Mn的有机硫结合态之间显著相关;转化酶活性与Cu、Cd、As的可交换态、Cd的碳酸盐结合态、Cu、Cd、As的铁锰氧化物态、Zn、Pb、Cd、Mn的有机硫化物态、Cd、As的残渣态之间显著相关。酶活性可以用来指示海水养殖池沉积物中重金属的形态转化过程。 相似文献
9.
The present study was undertaken for assessing the level of heavy metals such as iron, manganese, zinc, copper, nickel, cadmium, lead, and cobalt in recent sediment samples of Safaga Bay, Egypt. Concentration of heavy metals in sediments shows significant variability and ranges from 863.37 to 1144.93 ppm for Fe, 64.29–586.8 ppm for Mn, 2.7–12.68 ppm for Zn, 3.01–7.2 ppm for Pb, 1.53–3.29 ppm for Ni, 0.55–1.57 ppm for Co, 0.16–1.37 ppm for Cu, and 0.22–0.4 ppm for Cd. Sediment pollution assessments were carried out using an enrichment factor and geoaccumulation index. The calculation of enrichment factor showed that Cd is enriched by 4.1 due to phosphate sources in Safaga Bay. The Geoaccumulation index results revealed that there are positive and negative correlations between Fe, Zn, Mn, Pb, Ni, Cu, Co, and Cd indicating that these metals have complicated geochemical behaviors. 相似文献
10.
根据2012年双岛湾海域环境调查资料,研究了海水和表层沉积物中重金属的分布特征以及生态风险。结果显示,双岛湾海域海水中的重金属Cu和Pb在湾中部和湾底的部分站位含量较高,Zn和Cr含量在湾底最高、湾外最低,Cd和Hg在湾底和湾外的含量均高于湾中部,As的分布比较均匀;除Zn和Pb外,其余重金属含量均高于周边其他海域。双岛湾海域沉积物中重金属含量较低,与区域背景值相近,其中重金属Hg和Cd在湾内沉积作用明显,而Cu、Pb和Cr在湾外沉积作用比较明显。相关性分析表明,有机碳含量对双岛湾沉积物中的重金属分布影响不大。生态风险评价结果表明,双岛湾海域海水未受到重金属的污染;表层沉积物中重金属存在中低度的生态风险,具有潜在的不利生物毒性效应,重金属毒性大小依次为Pb>As>Cu>Hg>Cr=Cd>Zn。 相似文献
11.
泉州大港湾海水、沉积物及水产生物体内重金属的含量分布 总被引：14，自引：1，他引：14
根据1997年7月大港湾海域环境调查资料,着重分析了大港湾海水、表层沉积物及水产生物体内重金属的含量及分布。结果表明：大港湾海水中Cu,Pb,Cd,Zn的含量均低于渔业水质标准,大港湾湾顶水域,海水和表层沉积物中Cu,Pb,Cd,Zn的含最明显高于湾口水域：湾南部水域高于北部水域。文中还根据《海洋沉积物质量》、《无公害食品》、《食品中锌限量卫生标准》、《海洋生物质量》标准对表层沉积物和6种水产生物的重金属污染程度进行评价,结果大港湾的水产生物体内的重金属含量均未超标,但沉积物中的Cd含量已超标。 相似文献
12.
We present the results of investigation of the contents of metals (As, Cr, Co, Cu, Ni, Pb, Zn, V, Sr, Mn, Ti, and Fe) in the
bottom sediments of the Balaklava Bay (Black Sea) carried out in July 2005. It is shown that the pollution of the bottom sediments
with metals has a polyelemental character. We establish the specific features of changes in the contents of the analyzed elements
and localize the sources of their appearance in the ecosystem. On the basis of the results of evaluation of the intensity
of technogenic action upon the marine medium, we determine a group of toxic elements (As, Cr, Cu, Pb, and Zn) accumulated
in the bottom sediments of the bay in amounts significantly exceeding the background values typical of sediments of the Black
Sea shelf. The comparative analysis of the degrees of pollution of the bay and some other coastal water areas with metals
is performed. 相似文献
13.
根据2012—2017年每年8月廉州湾贝类养殖区现场监测资料,探讨了重金属(Hg、Cu、Pb、Cd)在其海水和表层沉积物中的含量变化,评价了2种介质中重金属的污染状况和沉积物重金属的潜在危害状况.结果表明:海水中重金属平均含量为Cu Pb Cd Hg,除Cu外,Hg、Pb、Cd的年际变化均呈明显上升趋势,其污染程度顺序为Cu Hg Pb Cd,整体水质状况基本属于本底水平;表层沉积物中重金属平均含量为Pb Cu Cd Hg,除Hg外,Cu、Pb、Cd的年际变化趋势和水相中的变化基本一致,其污染程度排序为Cu Pb Hg Cd,整体处于中等污染水平;表层沉积物中重金属的潜在生态风险程度顺序依次为Hg Cd Cu Pb,6次调查结果的综合潜在生态风险指数RI值均低于140,平均值为76. 98,表明该海域属于低潜在生态风险水平. 相似文献
14.
对海南省花场湾内表层沉积物中重金属的含量进行测定,探讨其分布特征、相关性及潜在生态危害程度.含量测定结果表明,花场湾表层沉积物中的Cu、Pb、Zn、Cr、Cd、Hg、As的含量范围分别为8.41~51.45、5.96~30.73、16.87~99.15、18.60~57.80、0.12~0.76、0.020~0.073、6.02~17.56 mg/kg,均值分别为28.19、18.35、50.48、35.75、0.32、0.05、12.71 mg/kg.相关性分析结果表明,Cu、Pb、Zn、Hg、Cr及Cd具有相同污染源,主要受养殖影响;此外,Cu、As、Hg受潮汐影响较大,Pb与Zn受渔船及潮汐影响较大,Cd与Cr受沿岸虾塘影响较大.重金属潜在生态危害评价结果表明,研究区以中等生态危害为主,其次为强生态危害与轻微生态危害,多种重金属潜在生态危害指数(RI)高值基本位于花场湾潟湖中心.单金属潜在危害系数程度较高的是Cd与Hg,潜在生态风险大小依次为:CdHgAsCuPbCrZn. 相似文献
15.
长江口及其邻近海域表层沉积物中重金属分布和潜在生态危害评价 总被引：11，自引：0，他引：11
对长江口及其邻近海域表层沉积物中重金属Cu、Mn、Pb、Zn、Cr、Fe、Hg、Cd的含量分布以及富集状况进行分析,并采用Hakanson潜在生态危害指数法评价该海域中Cu、Pb、Zn、Cr、Hg、Cd污染的程度及其潜在的生态危害,结果表明:长江口及其邻近海域表层沉积物中Cu、Mn、Pb、Zn、Cr、Fe的分布特征表现为由近岸向远岸递减的趋势,整体上象山县和舟山群岛近岸海域的含量高于研究区北部含量;Hg在长江口南端含量较高,呈由西向东递减的趋势;Cd在长江口南端以及象山县东含量较高,在研究区中部含量较低。潜在生态危害评价结果表明,长江口及其邻近海域表层沉积物只有部分站点处于生态危害的中等级别,大多站点生态危害轻微,污染程度顺序为Cd>Hg>Cu>Pb>Cr>Zn;对长江口及其邻近海域生态环境具有潜在影响的重金属元素首先是Cd,其次是Hg。对底质环境质量进行系统聚类分析结果显示,象山县和长江口外以及济州岛西南近海海域的底质环境较差,应予以重视。 相似文献
16.
湄洲湾海域表层沉积物重金属含量的分布特征及潜在生态风险评价 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
根据2012年福建湄洲湾海域表层沉积物样品测定的7种重金属（Cr、Co、Ni、Cu、Zn、As、Pb）含量数据,研究重金属在沉积物中的含量和空间分布特征,然后运用主成分分析法分析各重金属的主要来源,最后采用潜在生态危害指数法评价其污染程度和潜在生态危害.结果表明,相对第一类海洋沉积物标准,Cu、Zn、As和Pb含量均未超标,Cr超标21.2%.大部分重金属含量平面分布总体呈现东北往西南递减的趋势,体现陆源输入的影响,As、Zn及Pb在7号站位、Cu在8号站位出现高值区可能更多地联系于研究区域本身的背景特征.Cr、Co、Ni和Zn含量之间相关性显著,且Co、As和Zn含量也两两表现出显著正相关.主成分分析表明岩石的自然风化和侵蚀是Cr、Co、Ni、Cu、Zn和As元素在研究区域表层沉积物的主要来源,Pb可能更多来源于海上交通航运和海水养殖.研究区域综合潜在生态危害为中等生态危害程度. 相似文献
17.
18.
SUN Weiping YU Jianjun XU Xiaoqun ZHANG Weiyan LIU Ruijuan PAN Jianming 《海洋学报(英文版)》2014,33(4):101-107
Heavy metals in the surface sediments and sediment core from the Xiangshan Bay, a mariculture base on the coast of the East China Sea, were determined by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry(ICP–MS) in order to evaluate their levels and sources. The results showed that the levels of Cu, Pb, Zn, and Cr in the sediments of the bay have been generally influenced by anthropogenic inputs since the founding of the People's Republic of China. In particular, Cu and Zn were polluted to some extent, as evidenced by high enrichment factors. Organic matter, grain size, wastewater discharge, and low energy hydrodynamic environment played dominant roles in the heavy metal enrichment in the sediments. The ratio of terrigenous source to marine biogenic deposit of trace metals in the sediments was calculated, revealing that terrigenous inputs were the main source of Cu, Pb, and Zn, while biological pellets contributed much more to the enrichment of Cr and Cd. Considering the influence of biological sources on the enrichment of Cd and Cr, and the fact that the sediment has been polluted by Cu and Zn, the development of mariculture and discharge of wastewater into the Bay should be restricted. 相似文献
19.
本文采用2008年在珠江口荷包岛近岸海域的调查数据,对表层沉积物重金属的分布特征及重金属与TOC的相关性进行了分析,并采用Hakanson潜在生态危害指数法对其生态危害程度进行了评价。结果表明:重金属Cd,Hg,Cr和As四种元素分布基本呈现荷包岛近岸海域较高的特点,重金属Zn,Pb和Cu的分布没有明显规律;重金属富集顺序为Cd＞Zn＞Cu＞Hg＞As＞Cr＞Pb。相关性研究表明,重金属Cu与Zn显著相关,Hg,Cr,Cd和As极显著相关;有机质是影响沉积物重金属迁移和转化的重要因素。潜在生态危害评价结果表明,荷包岛近岸海域表层沉积物重金属总体潜在生态危害轻微;各重金属生态危害程度顺序为Cd＞Hg＞As＞Pb＞Cu＞Cr＞Zn;对荷包岛近岸海域生态环境具有潜在生态危害的重金属主要是Cd和Hg。 相似文献
20.
威海湾沉积物重金属含量分布及其潜在生态危害评价 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
对威海湾表层沉积物中重金属(Cu,Zn,Pb,Cd,Hg,As)的含量分布及富集状况进行了调查分析,并采用Hakanson的潜在生态危害指数法评价了该湾沉积物中重金属污染的程度及其潜在的生态危害。结果表明,威海湾表层沉积物中Cu,Zn,Pb,Hg 4种重金属的含量分布特征表现为由西北向东南递减的趋势;Cd在湾西部含量较高,呈由西向东递减的趋势;As整体分布较均匀,在湾内近岸处较高,湾口处较低。潜在生态危害评价结果表明,威海湾表层沉积物中重金属的潜在生态危害轻微;污染程度顺序为CdAsHgPbCuZn;对威海湾生态环境具有潜在影响的重金属主要是Cd。 相似文献