共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 62 毫秒
1.
2.
基于细长体水动力模型比较了Truss Spar平台在波流联合作用下运动响应预报的三种方法。分别采用波流耦合、速度叠加及力叠加计算Truss Spar平台在波流联合作用下的水动力载荷,根据流场水质点运动规律和Truss Spar外部形状特点,分段高效计算水动力载荷。利用Runge-Kutta-Fehlberg方法求解刚体非线性运动方程得Truss Spar在波流场中的运动响应。研究结果表明力叠加法所预报的Truss Spar纵荡和纵摇运动明显大于其他两种方法的相应运动响应预报结果,而波流耦合法与速度叠加法所预报的纵荡与纵摇运动响应幅值相当,三种方法所预报的垂荡运动响应的大小取决于具体波流参数。 相似文献
3.
为探究半潜式平台在波浪作用下的载荷敏感特性,根据频域计算得到的水动力衍射/辐射结果,将动水压力作为输入项,利用ANSYS软件进行两型半潜式平台对波浪载荷的敏感性分析。以此对比两型平台响应特性,确定危险工况,并为平台整体结构设计提供参考。其中A型平台为柱稳式半潜平台,B型平台以A型平台为母型进行了水动力性能优化,以适用于北海海域作业环境。研究发现:两型平台的应变均在弹性形变范围内;两型平台会在相似位置处出现较大的等效弹性应力和应变分布,但相比于母型平台A,B型平台在立柱与浮体连接处也存在明显的高应力区;各波浪入射角度下,两型平台的入射波浪最危险周期不同,且存在B型平台响应大于A型平台响应的工况,因此基于水动力性能改进的B型平台,结构上可能存在不足。 相似文献
4.
随机波浪下Truss Spar平台垂荡运动时域分析 总被引：4，自引：2，他引：2
研究Truss Spar平台在随机波浪下的垂荡运动特性。采用ITTC双参数谱,考虑绕射作用,数值计算了平台所受的随机波浪力。利用已有的水动力试验和数值模拟结果及Morison方程,估计了Truss Spar平台垂荡方向的附加质量和粘滞阻尼大小。考虑非线性阻尼和瞬时波面的影响,运用Runge-Kutta数值迭代算法,比较了不同随机波浪参数对平台运动响应的影响,特别是波浪特征周期接近垂荡固有周期时。结果表明,当波浪特征周期接近平台垂荡固有周期时,平台产生大幅垂荡运动,频域的运动分析结果比时域结果偏小。 相似文献
5.
针对海洋环境中的半潜式平台多方面不确定性,基于半潜式平台结构整体强度分析方法,考虑多种波浪荷载作用的结构响应,采用非线性逐步垮塌分析方法,研究平台在不同控制工况下的极限承载力模型,建立相应的功能函数.根据结构体系可靠度理论和失效模式之间的关系,采用串联体系的可靠度计算方法.最后,对一座具体半潜式平台在100年重现期波浪荷载作用下进行了体系可靠性计算.计算结果表明平台整体可靠度水平由波浪引起的主要结构响应形式决定.通过计算,验证可靠度计算方法具有高效性和可行性,可以为大型深水浮式平台结构的设计、维护和评估提供理论依据. 相似文献
6.
深水半潜式钻井平台简化疲劳分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
研究适用于中国南海的深水半潜式钻井平台结构简化疲劳分析方法。依据中国南海环境条件,计算平台结构应力响应,得到平台结构应力范围长期Weibull分布形状参数。通过结构波浪应力的长期预报,计算得到平台寿命期一遇波浪载荷,依据寿命期一遇波浪载荷计算平台结构寿命期一遇最大热点应力范围。采用简化疲劳分析方法计算平台结构疲劳寿命,用谱疲劳分析方法验证简化疲劳分析结果的准确性,证实了简化疲劳分析方法相对保守,可应用于平台的设计。 相似文献
7.
在海洋浮体平台设计初期,为了快速评估设计方案的结构强度水平,需要研究高效的简化方法。本文基于正交异性板理论,综合了平面应力和横向弯曲两种承载方式,改进了板架结构的正交简化评估方法。改进方法克服了原来只针对单一载荷型式的局限性,可以满足组合载荷状态下板架参数的等效变换。为了验证改进方法的适用性和精度水平,分别采用常规方法和改进方法,针对某案例平台的局部板架结构和整体结构开展了强度评估。评估结果表明,采用改进方法得到的结构区域应力水平误差在15%以内,满足初始阶段总强度评估的精度要求。 相似文献
8.
研究浅水半潜式大功率浮式风力机波浪载荷和气动力引起的基础结构疲劳损伤,揭示基础结构的疲劳损伤机理。采用谱疲劳损伤计算分析方法,以10 MW风力机为例,计算波浪载荷引起的热点应力及多种海况引起的疲劳损伤。采用叶素动量理论并基于所在海域的风速分布,计算叶轮转动引起的气动力及其引起的疲劳损伤。计算结果表明,对于半潜式三立柱浮式风力机,波浪载荷引起的基础结构应力远大于气动力引起的基础结构应力,基础结构损伤主要是由波浪载荷引起,气动力引起的浮式基础结构的损伤为10-3量级,而波浪载荷引起的损伤为10-1量级。 相似文献
9.
Truss Spar平台垂荡响应频域分析 总被引：10，自引：0，他引：10
利用已有水动力试验和数值模拟结果及Morison方程,简化估计了Truss Spar平台垂荡方向水动力贡献,快速有效地预报了平台极端海况下的垂荡响应.在频域内分别采用数值迭代计算和粘滞阻尼线性化方法得到了平台在不同数量垂荡板配置下的垂荡响应幅值算子.在墨西哥湾、西非和中国南海等3种不同地区极端海况以及墨西哥湾工作状态海况下计算了平台的响应极值,分析发现平台波频垂荡响应对入射波浪周期非常敏感.采用JONSWAP波能谱得到了Truss Spar平台垂荡响应谱.通过比较和参数分析,验证了平台在设计上的合理性与实际海况下良好的垂荡运动性能. 相似文献
10.
浮托安装进船过程中护舷碰撞力实测研究 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
浮托安装法广泛应用于大型组块海上安装。导管架平台上部组块浮托安装进船过程中,风、浪、流引起的浮托驳船横向运动造成浮托驳船与导管架桩腿的碰撞,碰撞力可能会对导管架结构造成损伤。陆丰7-2上部组块浮托安装中,为了监测碰撞力大小,设计了碰撞力海上监测系统。通过在导管架外侧四个桩腿上安装光纤光栅应变传感器对碰撞过程中导管架桩腿进行应力监测,进而计算碰撞力。对碰撞过程,载荷作用位置、方向进行简化,并对载荷大小及垂向作用位置对计算的影响进行了研究。结构分析模型简化后,测点von-Mises应力与碰撞力大小成正比,对导管架整体结构建模计算并取局部结构计算比例系数,结合应力实测数据计算出进船过程中驳船对导管架桩腿碰撞力。 相似文献
11.
Chandralata Raghukumar G. Sheelu P. A. Loka Bharathi Shanta Nair C. Mohandass 《Marine Georesources & Geotechnology》2001,19(1):1-16
In order to assess the impact of deep-sea mining on the in situ benthic life, we measured the microbial standing stock and concentration of organic nutrients in the deep-sea sediments of the Central Indian Ocean Basin in the Indian pioneer area. Sediments were collected using box core and grab samples during September 1996. The total bacterial numbers ranged from 10 10 -10 11 cells per g -1 dry weight sediment. There was a marginal decrease in the number of bacteria from surface to 30 cm depth, though the subsurface section registered a higher number than did the surface. The highest numbers were encountered at depths of 4-8 cm. The retrievable number of bacteria were two orders less in comparison with the direct total counts of bacteria. An almost homogeneous distribution of bacteria, total organic carbon, living biomass, and lipids throughout the depth of cores indicates active microbial and benthic processes in the deep sea sediments. On the other hand, a uniform distribution of total counts of bacteria, carbohydrates, and total organic carbon in all the cores indicates their stable nature and suggests that they can serve as useful parameters for long-term monitoring of the area after the benthic disturbance. Further studies on temporal variability in this region would not only verify the observed norms of distribution of these variables but would also help to understand restabilization processes after the simulated benthic disturbance. 相似文献
12.
Arne Schnack-Friedrichsen Angela M. Davis Jim D. Bennell Dei G. Huws 《Marine Georesources & Geotechnology》2001,19(4):221-243
The interdependence between the seismo-acoustic properties of a marine sediment and its geotechnical/physical parameters has been known for many years, and it has been postulated that this should allow the extraction of geotechnical information from seismic data. Though in the literature many correlations have been published for the surficial layer, there is a lack of information for greater sediment depths. In this article, a desktop study on a synthetic seafloor model illustrates how the application of published near-surface prediction equations to subsurface sediments (up to several tens of meters burial depth) can lead to spurious predictions. To test this further, acoustic and geotechnical properties were measured on a number of sediment core samples, some of which were subjected to loading in acoustically-equipped consolidation cells (oedometers) to simulate greater burial depth conditions. For low effective pressures (representing small burial depths extending to around 10 meters subsurface), the general applicability of established relationships was confirmed: the prediction of porosity, bulk density, and mean grain size from acoustic velocity and impedance appears generally possible for the investigated sedimentary environments. As effective pressure increases through, the observed relationships deviate more and more from the established ones for the near-surface area. For the samples tested in this study, in some instances increasing pressure even resulted in decreasing velocities. There are several possible explanations for this abnormal behavior, including the presence of gas, overconsolidation, or bimodal grain size distribution. The results indicate that an appropriate depth correction must be introduced into the published prediction equations in order to obtain reliable estimates of physical sediment properties for greater subsurface depths. 相似文献
13.
Derek V. Ellis 《Marine Georesources & Geotechnology》2001,19(1):51-63
This article reviews information recently available from existing marine and coastal mining for responses to environmental issues affecting marine mining at different depths. It is particularly but not exclusively concerned with those issues affecting seabed biodiversity impact and recovery. Much information has been gathered in the past 10 years from shallow mining operations for construction aggregate, diamonds, and gold, from coastal mines discharging tailings to shallow and deep water, and from experimental deep mining tests. The responses to issues identified are summarized in a series of eight tables intended to facilitate site-specific consideration. Since impacts can spread widely in the surface mixing layer SML, and can affect the biologically productive euphotic zone, the main issues considered arise from the depth of mining relative to the SML of the sea. Where mining is below the SML, the issue is whether it is environmentally better to bring the extraction products to the surface vessel for processing (and waste discharge), or to process the extraction products as much as possible on the seabed. Responses to the issues need to be sitespecific, and dependent on adequate preoperational environmental impact and recovery prediction. For deep tailings disposal from a surface vessel, there are four important environmental unknowns: (1) the possible growth of "marine snow" (bacterial flocs) utilizing the enormous quantities of fine tailings particles (hundreds or thousands of metric tons per day) as nuclei for growth, (2) the possibility that local keystone plankton and nekton species may migrate diurnally down to and beyond the depth of deep discharge and hence be subjected to tailings impact at depth, (3) the burrow-up capability of deep benthos and their ability to survive high rates of tailings deposition, and (4) the pattern and rate of dispersion of a tailings density current through the deep water column from discharge point to seabed. Actions to obtain relevant information in general and site-specifically are suggested. 相似文献
14.
G. Parthiban 《Marine Georesources & Geotechnology》2000,18(3):223-235
Particle fluxes were measured 7 m above the sea bottom during the predisturbance, disturbance, and postdisturbance periods by using time series sediment traps attached to seven deep-sea moorings deployed in the INDEX experiment site in the Central Indian Basin. The predisturbance particle fluxes varied between 22.3 to 55.1 mg m -2 day -1 . Increased and variable particle fluxes were recorded by the sediment traps during the disturbance period. The increase observed was 0.5 to 4 times more than the background predisturbance fluxes. The increases in particle fluxes (~4 times) recorded by the sediment trap located in the southwestern direction (DMS-1) were the greatest, which could be the result of preferential movement of resuspended particles generated during the deep-sea benthic disturbance along the general current direction prevailing in this area during the experimental period. Also, the traps located closer to the disturbance area recorded greater fluxes than did the traps far away, across the Deep Sea Sediment Resuspension System path. This variability in recorded particle fluxes by the traps around the disturbance area clearly indicates that physical characteristics such as grain size and density of the resuspended particles produced during the disturbance had an important effect on particle movement. The postdisturbance measurements during ~5 days showed a reduction in particle fluxes of ~50%, indicating rapid particle settlement. 相似文献
15.
Geoacoustic Inversion via Genetic Algorithm and Its Application to Manganese Sediment Identification
An acoustic inversion method using a wide-band signal and two near field receivers is proposed and applied to multiple layered seabed models including a manganese sediment. The inversion problem can be formulated into a probabilistic model comprised of signals, a forward model, and additive noise. The forward model simulates wide-band signals, such as chirp signals, and is chosen to be the source-waveletconvolution plane wave modeling method. The wavelet matching technique, using weighted least-squares fitting, estimates the sediment sound-speed and thickness on which determination of the possible numerical ranges for a priori uniform distribution is based. The genetic algorithm is applied to a global optimization problem to find a maximum a posteriori solution for determined a priori search space. Here the object function is defined by an L 2 norm of the difference between measured and modeled signals. Not only the marginal pdf but also its statistics are calculated by numerical evaluation of integrals using the samples selected during importance sampling process of the genetic algorithm. 相似文献
16.
海上大直径钢管桩打桩过程中,桩周土体受到强烈扰动而发生强度弱化,掌握桩周土体强度弱化规律对于准确预测打桩过程、保证工程安全具有重要意义。为研究土体强度弱化规律,开展了环剪试验模拟打桩对桩周土体的扰动,测试土体强度随剪切速率的变化规律,建立了描述土体强度弱化规律的拟合公式,引入到打桩分析软件中。研究结果表明：土体的强度折减程度不仅与土体本身的性质有关还受到土体的埋深和剪切速率的影响,埋深越深土体强度折减程度越低,剪切速率越高土体强度折减越高,在打桩分析中可采用这里推荐的线性折减方法来模拟不同深度处土体强度的折减规律。 相似文献
17.
The advanced piston corer (APC) has been used by the Ocean Drilling Program since 1985 for recovering soft sediments from the ocean floor. The pullout force measured on extracting the core barrel from the sediment is shown to correlate with the average shear strength of the sediment core measured in the ship's laboratory. A simple rule of thumb is derived relating the shear strength of the sediment to the pullout force. Multiple APC holes at individual sites allow the consistency of the pullout measurements to be assessed. The effects of different operational procedures during APC coring are also explored. Although generally applicable, the correlation between pullout force and laboratory measurements of shear strength breaks down for some APC holes, possibly because of the disturbance of some sediment types during the APC coring process. A better understanding of the physical process of APC coring, and its effect on the properties of the sediment both inside and immediately outside the core barrel, would indicate what confidence can be put on the measurement of pullout force as a way of evaluating the in situ shear strength of deep sea sediments. 相似文献
18.
Shigehisa Nakamura 《Marine Geodesy》2000,23(1):55-61
Specific properties of the interannual sea level variations and annual tides in the Northwestern Pacific were studied. Several tide stations were monitored. The monthly mean sea level for the year of 1995 was analyzed at each tide station. A seismic event in 1995, some tectonic activity around the subject area, and the Kuroshio (the oceanic western boundary current) may possibly contaminate results which would have occurred from the astronomical annual tide alone. 相似文献
19.
The effect of different fixation and storage protocols on the flow cytometric (FCM) simultaneous analysis of bacterioplankton and phytoplankton in coastal seawater samples (Mediterranean coastal lagoons) was investigated. FCM measurements (cell number, fluorescence and scatter characteristics) were obtained through DAPI staining. Three fixatives [glutaraldehyde (GA), formaldehyde (FA) and paraformaldehyde (PFA)] and two storage (3 months duration) methods (5 °C and −196 °C) were tested. Two dominant populations were detected in studied samples: bacteria and eukaryotic picophytoplankton. Adding fixatives (2% final concentration) appears necessary to obtain FCM exhaustive counts of all the bacteria and phytoplanktonic cells. This was related to the permeation effect of fixatives which allowed a better DAPI staining of the cells. Maximum fluorescence, i.e. optimal staining of the cells was obtained with FA or PFA, and significant lower fluorescences with GA. Fixed samples stored at 5 °C induced rapid cell loss. Only storage in liquid nitrogen of samples fixed with FA or PFA, allows mid-term (≥4 months) preservation of bacteria or picophytoplankton cell numbers, and limited evolution of DAPI-induced fluorescence and scatter characteristics. 相似文献
20.