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郯庐断裂带中段的沂沭断裂带发生过多次中强地震,其结构复杂,是地震研究者重点关注的区域。山东安丘和莒县电磁台都具有综合地电场和地磁场观测,两台分别位于沂沭断裂带内的安丘-莒县断裂和昌邑-大店断裂上。山东无棣电磁台位于郯庐断裂带西侧,属冀东-渤海断块,距安丘台230km,但此前未曾对该台站的地壳深部电性结构进行过探测研究。文中利用大地电磁测深方法(MT)对这3个电磁台站及其附近区域的探测数据进行研究,结果表明,3个台站的地壳电性结构有明显的差别,分别与台站区域地质构造及其地震活动性存在对应关系。在每个台站及其附近的4个测点分别得到优良的视电阻率和阻抗相位等数据,经过一维和二维反演,获得了3个台站的地壳深部电性结构,并可与直流对称四级电阻率测深法得到的近地表的电性结构进行对比。无棣台及其附近具有稳定地块的成层性地壳深部结构,而安丘和莒县电磁台分别具有复杂的地壳电性结构,呈现出活动地块边界带的结构特点。安丘台和莒县台附近区域可分别以安丘-莒县断裂和昌邑-大店断裂为界,将地壳电性结构分成2部分,在断裂西侧即郯庐断裂带内部的中下地壳低阻层更发育,昌邑-大店断裂西侧的低阻体可能含丰富的流体,在区域的地震孕育发展过程中起着重要作用。 相似文献
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利用玉树固定地震台站和7个流动宽频带地震台站远震P波和S波接收函数,对2010年4月14日发生MS7.1级地震的玉树地震震源区下方地壳及上地幔顶部速度结构进行了成像.结果表明:研究区下方存在明显的双地壳结构;主震所在的金沙江缝合带可能错断了地壳和岩石圈;错断的地壳在印度板块向北的推挤下,发生了叠置,导致金沙江缝合带下方呈现双地壳结构;根据发生在金沙江缝合带上的历史地震进一步推断,印度板块对金沙江缝合带这种深大走滑断裂的向北推挤,为断裂带上大地震的发生提供了闭锁条件,这可能是巴颜喀拉地块周边地震孕育的一种典型的深部地球动力学模式;在玉树地震主震区所在深度附近,发现局部存在高速夹层,这种局部高速结构,可能是积累引力,孕育地震的一个重要原因. 相似文献
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天山地壳非均匀性与地震分布 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
根据重力、航磁及地震波传播速度等地球物理资料，研究了天山地区的深部构造特征。发现天山两缘是地壳物质组成变化较大的场所，也是介质结构最不稳定的区域。地震的发生不仅涉及到地表断裂构造的分布和活动方式，而且与深部物质的非均匀程度有一定的联系。大部分中强地震都发生在地壳中部附近不同速度体之间的梯度带附近，那里是深部介质分布最不均匀的构造层位。它的存在与中强地震的孕育场所密切相关，在构造应力的作用下很容易发 相似文献
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华北强烈地震深部构造环境的探测与研究 总被引：6，自引：1，他引：5
20世纪六七十年代以来, 华北地区发生了一系列强烈地震． 强烈地震的孕育、 发生和发展与深部构造密切相关． 近50年来, 我国地震科学领域在强烈地震的地震构造和深部环境方面开展了大量的研究． 深部地球物理探测和地震层析成像结果揭示了华北地区地壳结构的基本特征, 并在强烈地震发生的深部构造环境等问题上取得了重要进展． 本文在回顾华北地区地壳上地幔结构探测的基础上, 对1966年邢台MS7.2, 1976年唐山MS7.8, 1975年海城MS7.3和1679年三河—平谷M8.0地震的地震构造和深部构造环境进行评述． 深部地球物理数据的综合分析表明, 震源下方的低速异常带, 高角度超壳深断裂, 地壳深浅构造的不一致, 偏低的上地幔顶部速度和局部隆起的莫霍界面, 是华北伸展构造区深部孕震环境的共同特征． 相似文献
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前言在地震孕育过程中,(由于断层的预滑等)有可能产生热,从而引起温度变化。而地壳介质既有弹性又有导热性。因此,探讨地下热应力波的传播问题,在地震学中是有意义的。有可能通过测量热应力波来预报地震以及鉴别地下核爆炸的能级等。 相似文献
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利用四川地震台网2000年1月～2008年4月的地震数据,使用地震层析成像方法反演了龙门山及其邻近地区的地壳P波速度结构,以此为依据分析了龙门山断裂带和汶川Ms8.0地震的深部构造特征.研究结果表明,龙门山的地壳速度结构和深部动力学性质与汶川Ms8.0地震的破裂起始点、震源深度以及破裂传播方向密切相关.龙门山西侧的彭灌杂岩体是地壳内部应变强度较大、易于应力长期积累的主要载体,汶川Ms8.0地震即位于彭灌杂岩体的南端,毗邻四川盆地的西部边缘,该块体与四川盆地地壳的碰撞是引发汶川Ms8.0地震的直接原因.在汶川以北,沿着龙门山断裂的高速异常有利于破裂的发生和传递,而汶川以南地壳强度相对较弱,不易产生脆性破裂而引发地震,这可能是地震破裂自汶川向东北方向延伸、汶川以南缺少地震活动的重要原因.汶川Ms8.0地震的深部动力成因与龙门山断裂两侧的构造差异有关,松潘-甘孜造山带中下地壳强度较弱,青藏高原的向东运动受到四川盆地刚性岩石层阻碍,迫使龙门山发生垂向变形,中下地壳厚度增加,莫霍面弯曲下沉,基底则褶皱抬升向山前盆地逆冲,地壳形变所产生的应力积累为汶川地震的发生提供了深部动力来源. 相似文献
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青藏高原东南缘地质构造作用复杂、地震活动频发,历来备受关注.为了探讨青藏高原周缘陆内变形动力学、高原侧向生长机制、地震孕育机理、大型矿床深部控矿模式等重要科学问题,地球物理学家已在该区域开展了大量的深部结构探测工作.本论文主要从人工源地震剖面、天然源地震成像、大地电磁剖面、地震各向异性等方面对该区域的研究结果进行了有效梳理和归纳总结,以期为后续的科学研究提供一定参考.综合来看,该区域地壳厚度整体呈现从南至北、从东向西逐渐增厚且地壳增厚主要发生在下地壳;区域内怒江断裂、南汀河断裂、无量山断裂、红河断裂等多条断裂均有切穿地壳的迹象;小江断裂至少延伸到下地壳,可能切穿地壳;腾冲火山区下方存在壳内低速、高导体,其上地幔也存在显著低速异常,深度约达300 km,壳内低速异常可能反映了未固结的岩浆囊,而深部地幔的低速则与印度板块在缅甸弧下方的东向俯冲有关;攀枝花地区地壳整体呈现地震波高速、介质高阻异常,表明其地壳介质的高强度特征;天然源地震学成像在青藏高原东南缘均发现在川西地块和小江断裂带附近存在明显的中下地壳低速异常,两者被攀枝花地区的高阻高速体隔开,并未直接连通,可能对应不同的成因机制;地震学... 相似文献
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在已有的地表地质构造、浅层探测与深部探测等资料基础上，利用高精度地震局域网的数字地震记录，分析了延庆矾山次级盆地北缘断裂上的微、小地震活动特征, 及其与地表活断层和深部地壳结构关系. 通过对地震局域网获得的微、小地震的精确位置、震源机制解及其特点的分析，厘定了地表活断层延庆矾山盆地北缘断裂属旋转平面状正断层，揭示了延怀盆地区浅表地质与深部构造的相互关系，以及地壳脆韧性变形随深度的转换特征. 相似文献
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通过研究邢束地区的地温场、大地热流和其它地球物理资料,对该区的地温场分布、深部结构及其相互关系有了较深入的认识。研究证实:该区地温场具有明显的横向不均匀性,并与地壳上地幔结构有较清楚的对应关系。地温场的分布与构造的关系表明,凸起区与凹陷区相比,前者具有较高的热流值和较大的地温梯度。对该区地震分布与地温场的关系分析以及热应力的数学模拟结果说明,热应力在地震发生过程中具有重要作用。 相似文献
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The heat flow in crust and the thermal stress generated by the flow play a very important role in earthquake occurrence. Different crustal structure has different effect on heat distribution and associated thermal stress. In all of typical seismogenic crustal structure models, including the bulge of Moho surface, the deep-large fault in the mid-lower crust, low-velocity and high-conductive layer in the middle crust, and the typical crustal structure in mid-upper crust, the thermal stress produced by deep heat disturbance may move up to the mid-upper crest. This leads to upper brittle part of crust break and hence, strong earthquakes. This result is constructive in enhancing our understanding of the role of deep fieat flow in curst in development of earthquake and its generation, as well as the generation mechanism of the shallow flowing fluid. 相似文献
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LIU Shaowen WANG Liangshu GONG Yuling LI Cheng LI Hua & HAN Yongbing . Department of Urban Resources Nanjing University Nanjing China . Department of Earth Sciences Nanjing University Nanjing China 《中国科学D辑(英文版)》2005,48(10)
Thermal regime of the lithosphere is the scenario of the lithospheric thermal evolution, and the thermo-mechanical state of lithosphere definitively controls its deformation style and mechanism. Better understanding of the lithospheric deep thermal-rheo- logical structure of sedimentary basin will shed light on the formation and evolution dynamic process of the basin. Surface tectonics is the response of the deep structure, and is controlled by the lithospheric ther-mal-rheological properties.… 相似文献
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Mike Sandiford 《Earth and Planetary Science Letters》2002,201(2):309-320
The late Phanerozoic Alice Springs Orogen in central Australia is an archetypal intraplate orogen characterised by a dense, granulitic core exhumed from beneath a carapace comprising a highly radiogenic granitic mid-upper crust and sediments deposited in a shallow intracratonic basin. Exhumation occurred in large part along a crustal penetrative fault system, the Redbank Shear Zone, producing one of the largest gravity anomalies (∼150 mgal) known from the continental interiors. The lithospheric strength implied by the preservation of this anomaly for more than 300 Myr raises the intriguing conundrum of what localised the intraplate deformation in the first place. Available biostratigraphic and thermochronologic data imply bulk convergence rates of less than 1 mm/yr for the orogen as a whole, several orders of magnitude lower than typical of plate margin orogens. The thermal and mechanical evolution of intraplate orogens deformed at such low thermal Peclet numbers differs in fundamental ways from plate margin orogens. In particular, at such low thermal Peclet numbers the conductive response to exhumation of heat sources cools the mid to deep crust during progressive orogenic activity. This is consistent with the hypothesis that the density structure and associated gravity anomalies may have been locked-in by virtue of the strength acquired during the orogenic process provided that the lithospheric strength changes associated with a reduction in average crustal temperature of 20-30°C are of the same order as the forces that drive intraplate deformation. 相似文献
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Study of geothermal field data,terrestrial heat flow values,and other geophysical data from the Xingtai-Shulu area of Hebei Province made us more understanding of the distribution of geothermal fields and deep structures and their interrelation.The study illustrates that the geothermal field has an apparent lateral inhomogeneity and is evidently correlated by the structure of the crust and upper mantle in the area.The relation of the geothermal field distribution to the structure indicates that in comparison with the depression zone,the uplift zone has a higher heat flow value and a larger geothermal gradient.The analysis of the relation between distribution of earthquake epicenters and geothermal field and mathematical simulation of thermal stress in the area suggests that thermal stress plays an important role in the process of earthquake generation. 相似文献
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大量的地质和地球物理资料表明 ,年轻的大陆构造活动区的下地壳可能因热软化而出现透入性非地震式顺层韧性流动 ,这种下地壳层流作用驱动大陆上地壳发生地震式脆性断块运动 ,形成盆山格局 ,发生圈层耦合。大陆下地壳低粘度物质顺层流动可能是在地幔岩浆底侵作用为下地壳提供热能和添加幔源物质的基础上 ,并在地幔上升派生的重力和剪切力作用下 ,造成大陆下地壳热软化物质从盆地下部的幔隆区顺层流向相邻造山带之下的幔拗区。在下地壳层流过程中 ,地温场和速度场发生变 相似文献
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《Earth and Planetary Science Letters》2006,241(1-2):2-10
Surface heat flows are calculated from elastic lithosphere thicknesses for the heavy cratered highlands of Mars, in terms of the fraction of the surface heat flow derived from crustal heat sources. Previous heat flow estimations for Mars used linear thermal gradients, which is equivalent to ignoring the existence of heat sources within the crust. We compute surface heat flows following a methodology that relates effective thickness and curvature of an elastic plate with the strength envelope of the lithosphere, and assuming crustal heat sources homogeneously distributed in a radioactive element-rich layer 20 or 60 km thick. The obtained results show that the surface heat flow increases with the proportion of heat sources within the crust, and with the decrease of both radioactive element-rich layer thickness and surface temperature. Also, the results permit us to calculate representative temperatures for the crust base, rock strength for the upper mantle, and lower and upper limits to the crustal magnetization depth and intensity, respectively. For Terra Cimmeria, an effective elastic thickness of 12 km implies between 30% and 80% of heat sources located within the crust. In this case the uppermost mantle would be weak at the time of loading, and temperatures in the lower crust cold enough to favor unrelaxed crustal thickness variations and to permit deep Curie depths in the highlands, as suggested by the observational evidence. 相似文献
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本文从我国大陆地区现有的热流观测和深部地球物理资料出发,对1°×1°网格平均热流值（q）与地壳厚度值（M）进行回归分析.结果表明,中国大陆地区作为一个整体,q-M之间存在良好的正相关关系;在111°E以东地区特别是在华北盆地,两者呈显著负相关关系.按地壳厚度分组和按热流值分组的统计结果具有相似的特征,在所有“一分为二”（即只分成小于和大于等于某一指定值）的分组系列中,高值范围的算例都呈显著正相关,回归直线斜率在0.4-2.8mW/（m2·km）的范围内,与国内外报道的地表岩石生热率值一致;而低值范围的算例均给不出清晰的相关关系.作者认为,上述统计结果是地壳岩石放射性生热贡献和来自深部的地幔热流在大地热流二元结构中所起的作用在不同情况下有所不同的体现. 相似文献
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Takahiro Hosono 《Earth and Planetary Science Letters》2004,222(1):61-69
The gold-bearing quartz-adularia veins of the world-class Hishikari mine in southwestern Japan occur in a geological regime where the rocks of the upper to middle crust are simple and their chemical and Sr-Nd-Pb isotopic compositions are well studied. Detailed comparison of Pb and Sr isotopic data of the Hishikari veins with those of all possible source materials demonstrates that metals in the veins were essentially derived from a mixture of magmatic fluid with a deep crustal fluid that originated near the boundary between the Shimanto middle crust and the underlying subcontinental crustal materials. We propose that the release of the deep crustal fluid was triggered by intrusion of the Shishimano rhyodacite magma related to timing of the mineralization. This fluid mixture carried metals to the brittle upper crust along fissures created by extensional stress forming the ore deposits. Although the deep crustal fluid has not been paid much attention, it may be distributed over a large scale in the deep crust from the continent to the arc system and play an important role in the genesis of magmatic-hydrothermal ore deposits and in the generation of flow-induced deep tremor. 相似文献