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1.
海水中的氦同位素能对海底热液活动进行有效示踪。本文对在西南印度洋49°~56°E洋脊段采集的5条CTD拖曳剖面共14件深水样品进行了氦氖同位素分析。通过分析水体中存在的氦同位素异常,探讨调查区热液异常的特征和热液羽状流的分布。分析表明,5条CTD剖面均存在δ3He异常,其中CTD7-2(位置:37.927°S、49.412°E,水深2 140m,离底高度100m)的δ3He值最大,达到49.2%。根据δ3He分布特征,认为调查区内存在至少6处热液羽状流,其中37.927°S、49.412°E以西数千米范围内可能存在海底热液喷口。 相似文献
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对冲绳海槽Jade热液区块状硫化物中流体包裹体的氦、氖和氩同位素组成进行了测定,流体包裹体的3He/4He比值为(6.2～10.1)Ra,均值为7.8Ra,与大洋中脊玄武岩一致[3He/4He≈(6～11)Ra],20Ne/22Ne比值为10.7～11.3,明显高于大气值(9.8),而40Ar/36Ar比值的变化范围在287～334之间,接近大气值(295.5),这些结果表明,块状硫化物中热液流体捕获的稀有气体是地幔和海水源组分混合的产物,且流体包裹体中的氦主要来自地幔,氖和氩主要来自海水。 相似文献
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成份。隋性气体多半分馏为气相，因而导致剩余液相中He浓度减少。因为已有罗加乔夫热液系统流体相态分离的证明，所以有根据地假设：正是这个过程引起成矿流体中氦（^4He）同位素含量的变化。 相似文献
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南海与西太平洋海水的交换:氧、氦同位素证据 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
研究了西太平洋海域(7°～26°N,122°～130°E)不同深度海水的氧、氦同位素组成和分布特征.结果表明,巴士海峡附近海域几个深度上δ18O等值线均向东弯曲,δ3He等值线也出现了类似的分布特征,可能反映了南海海水与黑潮水的混合作用.氧、氦同位素的研究结果为南海海水通过巴士海峡侵入了西太平洋提供了地球化学证据. 相似文献
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采用基于第一性原理的平面波超软赝势方法,结合广义梯度近似(GGA),计算了铝及铝晶胞间隙位置掺入He原子后体系的几何结构、电子结构、总体能量和电荷布居值.计算结果表明:随着氦在金属铝中逐渐形成,铝晶胞体系会发生晶格畸变,但总的趋势是He在铝体系的八面体位置的晶格畸变小于其在四面体位置的晶格畸变.He在铝晶胞八面体和四面体间隙的杂质形成能分别为1.3367 eV和2.4411 eV.由此可知,He在铝晶胞中最稳定位置是八面体间隙位置.同时,文中还从原子尺度层面分析了He原子在铝晶胞中的占位及其键合性质,讨论 相似文献
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Kr and Xe nuclide abundance and isotopic ratios of the uppermost layer of Fe-Mn Crusts from the western and central Pacific Ocean have been determined. The results indicate that the Kr and Xe isotopic composi-tions, like that of He, Ne and Ar, can be classified into two types： low3He/4He type and high3He/4He type. The low3He/4He type crusts have low84Kr and132Xe abundance, while the high3He/4He type crusts have high84Kr and132Xe abundance. The82Kr/84Kr ratios of the low3He/4He type crusts are lower than that of the air, while the83Kr/84Kr and86Kr/84Kr ratios are higher than those of the air. The Kr isotopic ratios of the high-er3He/4He type crusts are quite similar to those of the air. The128Xe/132Xe,130Xe/132Xe and131Xe/132Xe ratios of the low3He/4He type sample are distinctly lower than those of the air, whereas the129Xe/132Xe,134Xe/132Xe and136Xe/132Xe ratios are higher than those of the air. The low3He/4He type samples have the diagnostic characteristics of the MORB, with excess129, 131, 132, 134, 136Xe relative to130Xe compared with the solar wind. The128Xe/132Xe,130Xe/132Xe and131Xe/132Xe ratios of the high3He/4He type samples are slightly higher than those of the air, and the129Xe/132Xe,134Xe/132Xe and136Xe/132Xe ratios are qiute similar to those of the air. The noble gases in the Fe-Mn crusts are derived from the lower mantle, and they are a mixture of lower mantle primitive component, radiogenic component and subduction recycled component. The helium isotopic ra-tios of the low mantle reservoir are predominantly controlled by primitive He （3He） and U and Th radiogenic decayed He （4He）, but the isotopic ratios of the heavier noble gases, such as Ar, Kr and Xe, are controlled to different extent by recycling of subduction components. The difference of the noble isotopic compositions of the two type crusts is the result of the difference of the noble isotopic composition of the mantle source reservoir underneath the seamounts the crusts occurred, the noble gases of the high3He/4He type crusts are 相似文献
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一、前言氦气是一种无色无味的惰性气体,化学符号He,分子量为4,比氢气重,比空气轻得多,在大气中含量极少,大约只有0.01％游离的氦。在我国富产天然气的四川,其天然气中的含量为0.2％,由于我国氦气资源较少,因此价格昂贵,每立方米为200～250元人民币。氦气不但在超导及国防工业上用途较广,在饱和潜水、科研等方面也大量应用。我院这 相似文献
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本研究用三种不同结构、容积相差百余倍的加压舱,在50～15公斤力/厘米~2压力范围内,进行空气和总计27种不同浓度含氦混合气的泄漏率测定。试验表明,在相同条件下,不同浓度含氦混合气和空气泄漏比值与含氦混合气中氦浓度(x)之间相关非常显著(r=0.9447,P<0.01),在25公斤力/厘米~2条件下,( )=10~(-1.0249+0.0089x)+1(当 S=0.034)。据此可认为,在250米级氦氧饱和潜水系统检漏时,可用实测空气泄漏率乘以1.73(( )+1096S)作为换算系数,推算出95%氦气的泄漏率。本研究同时为其他深度级饱和潜水系统空气和氦气泄漏率的换算,提供了有关试验数据和研究方法。 相似文献
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进行大深度氦氧饱和潜水作业,需贮备大量的氦气,以满足潜水作业的需要。由于氦气价格十分昂贵,必须进行氦氧混合气体的回收,通常简单的方法是回收居住舱减压排出的气体,如果将压力水箱和传物舱所消耗的气体也进行回收,在经济上是很有价值的。 本文总结了200m氦氧模拟饱和潜水实验的氦气回收方法、回收过程、回收设备和取得的回收效果。 相似文献
10.
Naoto Takahata Yuji Sano Keika Horiguchi Kotaro Shirai Toshitaka Gamo 《Journal of Oceanography》2008,64(2):293-301
We have collected fifty-five seawater samples at seven stations at various depths in the Yamato and Japan Basins of the Japan
Sea and measured their helium isotopic ratios. The 3He/4He ratios vary from 0.997 Ratm to 1.085 Ratm where Ratm is the atmospheric ratio. The maximum 3He excesses about 8%, are observed at mid-depth (1000 m), and these values are significantly lower than those observed in
deep Pacific waters. This implies that mantle-derived helium in deep Pacific water cannot enter the Japan Sea since it is
an almost landlocked marginal sea. The observed 8% excess 3He may be attributable to the decay product of tritium. Slightly higher 3He/4He ratios in the Bottom Water were observed in the Yamato Basin than in the Japan Basin. The ventilation ages of seawater
shallower than 1000 m are calculated as about 5 to 20 years, which is consistent with the CFC ages reported in the literature.
There is a positive correlation between the apparent oxygen utilization and 3H-3He ages. The estimated oxygen utilization rate from the correlation in a layer between 500 m and 1000 m is about 3 μmol/kg/yr, which is similar to that in the eastern subtropical North Atlantic. 相似文献
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Helium, neon and argon isotope compositions of fluid inclusions have been measured in massive sulfide samples from the Jade hydrothermal field in the central Okinawa Trough. Fluid-inclusion 3He/4He ratios are between 6.2 and 10. l times the air value (Ra), and with a mean of 7.8Ra, which are consistent with the mid-ocean ridge basalt values [3He/^4He≈(6Ra- 11Ra)]. Values for ^20Ne/^22Ne are from 10.7 to 11.3, which are significantly higher than the atmospheric ratio (9.8). And the fluid-inclusion ^40Ar/^36Ar ratios range from 287 to 334, which are close to the atmosperic values (295.5). These results indicate that the noble gases of trapped hydrothermal fluids in massive sulfides are a mixture of mantle- and seawater-derived components, and the helium of fluid inclusions is mainly from mantle, the nelium and argon isotope compositions are mainly from seawater. 相似文献
15.
关于氦和其它惰性气体在海底气体水合物中聚集的特别研究迄今尚未进行过 ,但发现在鄂霍茨克海、里海和黑海的水合物气体中具低氦含量（Ｇｉｎｓｂｕｒｇ等１９９０ ,１９９２,１９９３）。在大多数气体样品中 ,氦含量低于分析仪器的灵敏度（５．２ｐｐｍ） ,采用灵敏度更高的仪器分析的４个样品的氦浓度在１．２～１．７ｐｐｍ范围内。１９９６年 ,对位于巴伦支海西缘海底ＨａｋｏｎＭｏｓｂｙ 泥火山（ＨＭＭＶ）附近形成水合物的沉积物进行研究（Ｖｏｇｔ等１９９７） ,样品被选用于研究惰性气体。研究包括测定Ｈｅ、Ｎｅ、Ａｒ含量和 ３… 相似文献
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本研究拟利用微卫星标记分析细鳞鲑(Brachymystax lenok)连续3代选育群体的遗传结构及差异。通过筛选出的22对细鳞鲑微卫星引物,利用PCR进行扩增后进行毛细管凝胶电泳,利用Gene Mapper V4.1软件进行图像收集和数据分析。在3代共96个样本中共检测到181个等位基因,各标记检测的等位基因数为2—26个,平均为8.227个;3代平均等位基因数(Na)为6.500—6.773,平均有效等位基因数(Ne)为3.356—3.649,3代间Na和Ne差异均不显著;3代平均观测杂合度(Ho)为0.462—0.530,平均多态信息含量(PIC)为0.459—0.525,平均期望杂合度(He)为0.494—0.566;F2和F3的Ho、He、PIC 3项遗传多样性参数均显著低于F1(P0.05);Hard-Weinberg平衡检验结果表明细鳞鲑3代选育群体整体保持了遗传平衡状态,但经Bonferroni校正后,尚有2个标记在F1和F3极限著偏离遗传平衡(P0.0005),3个标记在F2极限著偏离遗传平衡(P0.0005)。细鳞鲑在选育过程中通过群体选育等方法注重了对稀有等位基因的保护,在细鳞鲑多代选育过程中保持了较高的多态性水平,但在选育过程中某些等位基因出现了富集现象,3代间的遗传分化也较小,仅1.49%的遗传变异来自群体间,表明细鳞鲑群体尚具有持续选育的潜力。 相似文献
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由江西九江船舶工业公司九江船用机械厂制造的我国首套300米海底模拟高压舱群于8月3日在上海成功地进行了“300米氦氮氧饱和潜水科学实验”,并通过国家级鉴定。这套300米海底模拟高压舱群进行科学实验证明:各项技术指标达到了国际先进水平,水舱室气泄漏率和密封性能分别超过国际标准的17倍和21倍.氦氮氧混合饱和潜水技术是国际上七十年代末、八十年代初发展起来的大深度潜水新技术。目前,世界上只有美国、日本、挪威、法国等国家所拥有.1980年,国家 相似文献
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本文参考南海二号半潜式钻井平台上挪威3x潜水设备公司300米氦氧饱和潜水舱生命维持系统进行了改进设计,并应用于25kgf/cm~2加压舱获得成功。本设计较3x潜水设备公司的生命维持系统,具有系统简化、省能的特点,具有一定的推广价值。 相似文献
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I~IOXWith regard tO the 5,tudy on the planktonic copeal distributions in the Kuroshio waters ofthe East China Sea and its adjacent areas, a great ~nt of reSearch work has been made by somescholars at home (He and Yang, 1990; Meng et al., 1990; He, 1990; Liu et al., 1991; He etal., 1992; He et al., 1994). HOwever, the most of them were made in a single season, and it isabet about in the research of the various aspects of species comPOSition, abundance distributionand ecological characte… 相似文献
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采用带六极杆碰撞池技术(CCT)的电感耦合等离子体质谱(ICP-MS)测定了海洋沉积物中的钒和铬。在六极杆碰撞池中引入He/NH3(99/1)混合气,有效地减轻了多原子离子(ClO+,ClN+,ClOH+,ClNH+等)对钒、铬测定的干扰,降低了方法的检出限。对He/NH3混合气的流量及ICP-MS的测定条件进行了最佳化选择。方法对钒和铬的检出限(3σ)分别为0.035μg·g-1和0.083μg·g-1(稀释因子1000),12份样品测定的相对标准偏差均小于5%。方法经海洋沉积物国家一级标准物质验证,测定值与标准推荐值吻合。 相似文献