共查询到19条相似文献，搜索用时 125 毫秒
1.
对CYF-0．2型油水分离器进行了台架试验，并对其分离效果的影响因素进行了分析。结果表明：该油水分离器的分离效果为10mg/L以下，满足国家规定的排放标准(15mg／L)^[1]；水的流速、温度、压力以及水中污油的种类等是影响油水分离器分离效果的主要因素。 相似文献
2.
苯酚和十二烷基苯磺酸钠对奥尼罗非鱼的急性毒性及安全评价 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
用苯酚和十二烷基苯磺酸钠对奥尼罗非鱼进行急性毒性实验,以评价其在水环境中对奥尼罗非鱼的影响。研究表明:苯酚对奥尼罗非鱼的24、48、96 h的LC50分别为40.33、34.23、28.07 mg/L,十二烷基苯磺酸钠分别为10.06、9.14、8.48 mg/L;苯酚对奥尼罗非鱼SC及最大容许浓度MPC分别为2.807、0.281 mg/L,十二烷基苯磺酸钠对奥尼罗非鱼SC为0.848 mg/L,最大容许浓度MPC为0.085 mg/L。 相似文献
3.
零价铁和硝基苯反应后生成二价铁和苯胺,而苯胺也是地下水污染物。硫酸根自由基具有强氧化性,可以降解苯胺。而二价铁可以活化过硫酸盐产生硫酸根自由基,进而去除苯胺。本文研究了二价铁浓度、过硫酸盐浓度、苯胺初始浓度、体系初始pH、反应温度等因素对二价铁活化过硫酸盐去除水中苯胺处理效率的影响。结果表明：①） Fe2＋活化过硫酸盐生成SO4-·能快速并有效氧化降解苯胺,对于目标浓度为1000 mg/L 的苯胺而言, Fe2＋浓度为3.3 mmol/L, Na2 S2 O8浓度为4.4 mmol/L时,对苯胺有较佳降解效果,苯胺的降解率为86.33％。②体系对较低浓度的苯胺降解效果较好,当污染物初始浓度由1000 mg/L降低到500 mg/L和100 mg/L时,苯胺降解率由86.33％升高为90.27％和97.16％。③初始pH对苯胺的降解率影响较大,中性条件下（ pH＝7左右）降解率较好,高初始pH （pH＝9,11）和低初始pH条件（pH＝3,5）下均低于中性条件下苯胺的降解效率。④体系的温度变化对降解率影响不明显。 相似文献
4.
《广东海洋大学学报》2015,(4)
根据泥鳅(Misgurnus anguillicaudatus)对20~140 mg/L麻醉剂间氨基苯甲酸乙酯甲磺酸盐(MS-222)在最终麻醉状态和复苏过程中的行为特征,分别把麻醉程度和复苏过程分为6和4个时期,研究140~340 mg/L的麻醉剂MS-222在12℃和22℃条件下对泥鳅的麻醉效果,比较180 mg/L的MS-222对不同规格(5.1、11.6、28.1 g)泥鳅的麻醉效果差异。结果表明:当MS-222溶液浓度为80 mg/L时,泥鳅达到麻醉3期,可以作为泥鳅长途运输的参考剂量;泥鳅呼吸频率受麻醉程度的影响,在麻醉3期之前无显著变化,但是4期之后出现显著下降(P0.05);在MS-222质量浓度为140~340 mg/L时,水温12℃条件下的鱼体至麻醉4期的时间(下称入麻时间)小于22℃,水温12℃条件下麻醉6期的鱼体至复苏2期的时间(下称复苏时间)亦小于22℃;在水温12℃和22℃时,MS-222对泥鳅有效麻醉的质量浓度分别为180 mg/L和220 mg/L;体质量小的泥鳅入麻时间短,复苏时间长(P0.05)。MS-222对泥鳅有较好的麻醉效果,在麻醉操作时,需综合考虑水温、个体规格等因素,使用合理的麻醉浓度。 相似文献
5.
用 0 .1、0 .5、1.0、2 .0和 5.0 mg/ L NH3- N分别刺激建鲤 10 d和 2 0 d后 ,测定了建鲤非特异性免疫指标 ,估测不同浓度的 NH3- N对建鲤非特异性免疫指标的影响。 0 .1、0 .5mg/ L的 NH3- N对建鲤NBT阳性细胞、溶菌酶活性无影响 ,1.0 mg/ L的 NH3- N可使 NBT阳性细胞数和溶菌酶活性降低 ,而2 .0和 5.0 mg/ L则使 NBT阳性细胞数和溶菌酶活性显著下降 ( P<0 .0 5)。这些结果表明水体中 0 .1、0 .5mg/ L的 NH3- N对建鲤非特异性免疫功能无影响 ,1.0 mg/ L的 NH3- N略有影响 ,而 2 .0和 5.0mg/ L的 NH3- N则明显降低了建鲤的非特异性免疫功能 相似文献
6.
4种重金属离子及其混合液对壶状臂尾轮虫的急性毒性试验 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
研究了铜、锌、镉、铅离子及其混合液对壶状臂尾轮虫(Brachionusurceus)的急性毒性影响,实验结果表明,Cu2+、Zn2+、Cd2+、Pb2+对壶状臂尾轮虫的24hLC50分别为83 .18μg/L、4 .27mg/L、7. 60mg/L、23 44mg/L,将4种离子按照质量比120∶20∶6∶1的比例配成混合金属溶液,其混合液对壶状臂尾轮虫的24hLC50为0 42mg/L。 相似文献
7.
采用水体中常见污染物——苯酚对奥尼罗非鱼进行刺激,研究不同浓度苯酚对奥尼罗非鱼非特异性免疫功能的影响。奥尼罗非鱼分别暴露于0.005、0.025、0.125、0.625、3.125 mg/L等5个浓度的苯酚中8周,每两周采集抗凝血液和血清,用于检测非特异性免疫指标。结果表明:暴露于低浓度苯酚组(0.005 mg/L和0.025 mg/L)的奥尼罗非鱼NBT(氯化硝基四氮唑蓝)阳性细胞数等非特异性免疫指标相对于对照组无显著性差异(P>0.05),中浓度苯酚组(0.125 mg/L和0.625 mg/L)和高浓度苯酚组(3.125mg/L)对罗非鱼非特异性免疫指标的影响存在显著的时间效应和剂量效应(P<0.05),可减少NBT阳性细胞数、抑制超氧化物歧化酶活力和抗菌活力;促使溶菌酶活力和溶菌酶含量先升后降。表明中高浓度苯酚组对奥尼罗非鱼具有明显的免疫毒性。 相似文献
8.
盐度30、pH7.5～8.5、温度27～30℃条件下,将刚刚蜕壳的远海梭子蟹放入不同钙浓度梯度(0～400 mg/L)的人工海水中,进行钙浓度对远海梭子蟹蟹壳硬化影响的实验。结果表明:0～12.5 mg/L浓度组的软壳持续时间在10.4～11.4 h之间,25～200 mg/L浓度组的软壳持续时间在6.1～7.7 h,400 mg/L浓度组的软壳持续时间为4.4 h;不同浓度组下,壳宽的增加差异不显著(P﹥0.05),壳长的增加差异也不显著(P﹥0.05);50 mg/L浓度组与400 mg/L浓度组体重增加差异显著(P<0.05),其它各浓度组之间体重增加差异不显著(P﹥0.05)。 相似文献
9.
《广东海洋大学学报》2014,(6)
利用2008~2011年共6个航次调查数据,对雷州半岛近岸海域关键水质环境因子进行时空分析,并采用富营养指数法对该海域水质环境进行了评价,结果表明:该海域近几年COD、PO4-P、NO2-N、NO3-N、NH4-N、石油类、叶绿素浓度等关键水质因子的均值变化范围分别为0.61~1.71 mg/L、0.01~0.04 mg/L、0.004~0.05 mg/L、0.05~0.21 mg/L、0.02~0.20 mg/L、0.01~0.60 mg/L、1.16~3.17μg/L。该海域COD、石油类污染程度较低,而PO4-P、无机氮污染程度高、污染风险大。半岛东部海域污染程度高于西部海域,尤其是湛江港、雷州湾及半岛东北海域呈高富营养化水平。 相似文献
10.
5种除草剂对白鲢鱼种急性毒性试验 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
以白鲢(Hypophthalmicthysmolitris)为实验材料,研究常用除草剂对鱼类的毒性效应。结果表明:采用直线回归法求得的96hLC50值分别为:2,4_D丁酯0.185mg/L,可信限0.138~0.247mg/L;丁草胺0.080mg/L,可信限0.067~0.097mg/L;使它隆3.80mg/L,可信限2.68~5.40mg/L;艾割18.60mg/L,可信限14.80~23.32mg/L;嗪草酮108.80mg/L,可信限91.46~129.72mg/L。对鱼类安全浓度分别为0.019mg/L,0.38mg/L,0.008mg/L,1.86mg/Land10.88mg/L。 相似文献
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12.
Seasonal dynamics of nitrogen and phosphorus in water and sediment of a multi-level ditch system in Sanjiang Plain,Northeast China 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
The multi-level ditch system developed in the Sanjiang Plain, Northeast China has sped up water drainage process hence transferred
more pollutants from farmlands into the rivers of this region. Understanding the seasonal dynamics of nitrogen (N) and phosphorus
(P) transportation in the ditch system and the role of different ditch size is thus crucial for water pollution control of
the rivers in the Sanjiang Plain. In this study, an investigation was conducted in the Nongjiang watershed of the Sanjiang
Plain to study the nutrient variation and the correlation between water and sediments in the ditch system in terms of ditch
level. Water and sediments samples were collected in each ditch level in growing season at regular intervals (once per month),
and TN, NO3
−N, NH4
+-N, TP, and PO4
3−-P were analyzed. The results show that nutrient contents in water were higher in June and July, especially in July, the contents
of TN and TP were 3.21 mg/L and 0.84 mg/L in field ditch, 4.04 mg/L and 1.06 mg/L in lateral ditch, 2.46 mg/L and 0.70 mg/L
in branch ditch, 1.92 mg/L and 0.63 mg/L in main ditch, respectively. In August and September, the nutrient contents in the
water were relatively lower. The peak value of nutrient in ditch water had been moving from the field ditch to the main ditch
over time, showing a remarkable impact of ditch system on river water environment. The nutrient transfer in ditch sediments
could only be found in rainfall season. Nutrient contents in ditch sediment had effect on that in ditch water, but nutrients
in ditch water and sediments had different origination. Ditch management in terms of the key factors is hence very important
for protecting river water environment. 相似文献
13.
应用荧光显微技术判别吐哈盆地储层含油水性 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
通过在荧光镜下的油水特征实验，分别得出油、油包水、水包油、含油水、水的荧光特征，然后对吐哈盆地单井储层的油层、水层荧光特征反复实验，并与试油结果对比，归纳总结出了油层、水层及油水界面的识别标志。油层特征主要为荧光发光较好且均匀、大面积油包水；水层特征主要为荧光发光不均匀，可动水普遍，并出现水包油现象；油水界面特征主要为荧光从均匀发光过渡到不均匀发光，孔隙由可动油充填过渡到由可动水充填。提出了吐哈盆地储层含油规律性，从而为探井试油、油层划分提供了准确可靠的依据。 相似文献
14.
对凡纳滨对虾高位养殖池水质环境状况进行了研究。结果表明,养殖期间虾池水体透明度前期较高,中后期较低;虾池pH变化在7.89~9.02之间,变化幅度较小。虾池水体悬浮物数量和CODMn随养殖时间延长而持续升高,变化范围分别为18.5~162.3 mg/L和3.52~14.58 mg/L。虾池水体中营养盐各月份波动较大,无机氮的数量变化在0.206~1.621 mg/L之间,含量逐渐升高,磷酸盐数量变化在0.009~0.067 mg/L之间,含量逐渐下降。水环境中N、P比较高,平均为62.7。养殖水体中后期处于严重富营养化状态。 相似文献
15.
Regulation of water quality and growth characteristics of indoor raceway culture of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Litopenaeus vannamei</Emphasis> 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Two modes of regulating the water quality of experimental ponds in indoor raceway culture of Litopenaeus vannamei were evaluated using simple water treatment facilities. A self-made water purifying net, aeration stone, composite microbe
preparation, and Ceratophyllum demersum were placed in the experimental ponds and the culture water was circulated along the raceway inside the pond using a paddle
wheel aerator. In addition, the water quality in the experimental pond was improved by draining effluent from the pipeline
at the bottom of ponds 7 and 8 (mode I) and exchanging the circulating water in pond 10 (mode II) with the reservoir water
in pond 9 using a pump and pipeline. The water quality in the experimental ponds was similar in response to regulation using
mode I or mode II. Water quality parameters in the experimental ponds were controlled within a suitable range by simple facilities
during culture period without using any chemical treatments. The rich content of dissolved oxygen was maintained by the circular
flow and continuous aeration of the pond water. The respective average values of the main water parameters in experimental
ponds 7 and 10 in response to regulation of the water quality using modes I and II were as follows: pH 8.17 and 7.99; DO 5.16
mg/L and 5.97 mg/L; CODMn 18.45 and 12.61 mg/L; TAN (NH3-N) 0.854 mg/L (0.087 mg/L) and 0.427 mg/L (0.012 mg/L); NO2-N 0.489 mg/L and 0.337 mg/L. Moreover, the average body length and body weight of harvested shrimp of pond 7 and pond 10
were 7.56 cm and 8.99 cm, 5.10 g and 8.33 g, respectively. Furthermore, the survival rate, average biomass yield and average
condition factor of the shrimp harvested were 70% and 60%, 2.54 kg/m2 and 2.14 kg/m2, and 0.675 g/cm and 0.927 g/cm, respectively. Linear equations describing the relationship between body length and culture
time and cubic or power functions describing the relationship between body weight and body length were obtained based on evaluation
of the growth data of shrimps throughout the culture period. 相似文献
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18.
用物理、化学、生物和药物等方法综合系统地处理对虾育苗用水:1)澄清海水,用10~20 mg/L生石灰调节酸碱度;2)在沉淀海水中泼洒沸石粉30～50 mg/L,去除或降低总氨氮、亚硝酸氮等有害物质;3)用15~23 mL/m3甲醛消毒海水,杀除海水病原体;4)用棉花、过滤袋双层过滤,减少微细悬浮物及有害生物;5)育苗池投放水质改良剂及有益微生物制剂,维持稳定良好的水质,确保幼体正常生长。结果:对虾出苗率提高30%～100%。 相似文献
19.
Large areas of hypoxic water have recently been reported in the East China Sea. It is hypothesized that hypoxia may be partially responsible for the decline of some fish stocks. We evaluated the effect of hypoxia on large yellow croaker (Pseudosciaena crocea). The fish were exposed to three concentrations of dissolved oxygen (DO; 1.5 mg/L and 2.0 mg/L, and 6.5 mg/L control). We collected blood after 6, 12, 24, 48, and 96 h exposure. There was a significant increase in red blood count, hematocrit, hemoglobin concentration, and mean corpuscular hemoglobin in the group exposed to 1.5 mg/L DO after 6 h or 12 h, and a delayed increase (only elevated after 48 h and 96 h) in these indices in the group exposed to 2.0 mg/L DO. Plasma glucose concentrations increased significantly in both hypoxic groups after 24 h. Furthermore, plasma lactate and lactate dehydrogenase activity increased significantly after the first 6 h exposure in both hypoxic groups. Our results suggest that large yellow croakers could not maintain the aerobic pathway and instead use anaerobic metabolism for survival when DO levels fall below 2.0 mg/L. We conclude that the occurrence of hypoxia (<2 mg/L DO) in the East China Sea could cause metabolic stress for large yellow croakers and may be partially responsible for the population decline of this species. 相似文献