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关于亚洲季风与ENSO循环相互作用研究最近的进展 总被引：32，自引：11，他引：21
综述和回顾了最近6年我国在实施国际气候变化与可预测性研究计划(CLIVAR)中在季风与ENSO循环相互作用方面的研究成果.特别是回顾了ENSO循环对东亚和我国降水、水汽输送、季风环流、西太平洋副热带高压的影响,以及亚洲季风对ENSO循环的动力作用和ENSO循环的物理机制等的研究成果,并且,还回顾了关于季风与ENSO循环相互作用的数值模拟和可预测性的研究成果.同时指出今后在此领域急待研究的一些问题. 相似文献
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利用1961—2008年陕西78个气象站夏季 (6—8月) 降水资料、NCEP/NCAR位势高度场和风场月平均再分析资料,采用合成及相关分析方法探讨ENSO发展和衰减阶段对陕西夏季降水异常的影响,以期为陕西夏季降水的气候预测提供线索和依据。结果表明:陕西夏季降水异常对ENSO发展和衰减阶段的响应存在显著差异,El Ni?o发展阶段和La Ni?a衰减阶段,陕西夏季降水偏少; El Ni?o衰减阶段和La Ni?a发展阶段,陕西夏季降水偏多; ENSO不同阶段对陕西7月降水影响最为显著。比较而言,El Ni?o事件对陕西夏季降水的影响更加显著。在El Ni?o衰减、La Ni?a发展阶段,西太平洋副热带高压偏强、偏西,东亚夏季风偏弱,而在El Ni?o发展、La Ni?a衰减阶段,西太平洋副热带高压偏弱、偏东,东亚夏季风偏强,El Ni?o过程对东亚夏季风强弱的影响更加显著。ENSO发展和衰减阶段通过影响大气环流变化和东亚夏季风的强弱,进而影响陕西夏季降水。 相似文献
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Interdecadal variability of the relationship between the East Asian winter monsoon and ENSO 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
W. Zhou X. Wang T. J. Zhou C. Li J. C. L. Chan 《Meteorology and Atmospheric Physics》2007,98(3-4):283-293
Summary The authors examine relationships between the East Asian winter monsoon and the ENSO, particularly on the interdecadal timescales.
Based on the analyses of SLP data from 1899 to 1997, the East-Asian winter monsoon index (WMI) is defined as the zonal difference
of SLP between ∼120° E and ∼160° E. It is found that 18 out of 28 strong winter monsoon years are either before the development
of an El Ni?o or during the decaying La Ni?a event, 12 out of 28 weak winter monsoon are before the development of a La Ni?a
or during the decaying El Ni?o event. There is a significant positive correlation coefficient value of about 0.49 between
the normalized 11-yr running mean of WMI and ENSO index, however, the WMI-ENSO relationship is not consistently highly correlated.
The temporal evolution of correlation between WMI and ENSO indices in both 11-yr and 21-yr moving window shows that the WMI-ENSO
relationship clearly undergo low-frequency oscillation. Obviously, both observational and IPSL air-sea coupled modeling WMI
index has a near-decadal peak with PDO timescales and internal peaks with ENSO timescales by applying the Multitaper method.
Moreover, the cross wavelet and wavelet coherence analysis of WMI/ENSO indicate that there is a larger significant sections
with an in phase behavior between WMI and ENSO at period of 20–30 yrs, suggesting that the interdecadal variation of the WMI-ENSO
relationship might exist. 相似文献
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ENSO 循环各阶段东亚夏季风特征的诊断研究 总被引：2，自引：6，他引：2
利用NCEP／NCAR再分析资料和NCAR海温资料及中国测站地温资料，对ENSO循环不同阶段东亚夏季风强弱变化进行了分析．并从此期间的海陆热力差异和季风低压变化来探讨海温异常对东亚夏季风的影响，结果表明：东亚夏季风指数有明显的年际变化和年代际变化，且与赤道东太平洋SST有较好的负相关关系，其中又以与三个月前的海温变化关系最好．在Ninol 2区为冷、暖水之后的三个月中，冷水期对应的东亚夏季风指数大于暖水期对应的东亚夏季风指数，东亚夏季风比暖水期强。赤道东太平洋SST变化期间亚洲大陆的地面温度和地面气压也有明显变化，这是引起ENSO不同阶段东亚夏季风变化的主要原因。 相似文献
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季风和ENSO是影响亚洲和中国气候变化的两大系统,随着气候动力学研究的深入,国内外学者对季风及其与ENSO循环相互作用的研究取得了很大进展.作者回顾了近年来国内外关于季风动力学以及季风与ENSO循环相互作用的研究进展,主要综述了中国学者关于亚洲季风的认识与表述的深化,特别是对于季风的特征、系统性和年循环现象的认识.还回顾了中国关于亚洲季风的季内、年际和年代际变化、亚洲季风与ENSO循环相互作用等方面的研究进展.此外,还提出在季风动力学以及季风与ENSO循环相互作用方面需进一步研究的问题. 相似文献
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TBO的原因－异常东亚冬季风与ENSO循环的相互作用 总被引：21，自引：3，他引：21
基于对 ＮＣＥＰ／ ＮＣＡＲ再分析资料以及其他资料（ＯＬＲ，降水和气温等）的分析研究，结果表明东亚和西北太平洋地区的对流层环流和气候变化都有明显的准两年振荡（ＴＢＯ）特征。同时，异常东亚冬季风可以影响次年夏季的大气环流和气候变化，特别是在东亚地区；而异常东亚冬季风和ＥＮＳＯ循环间又有明显相互作用：持续的强（弱）东亚冬季风通过海─气相互作用可以激发 Ｅｌ Ｎｉ ｏ（Ｌａ Ｎｉ ａ）， Ｅｌ Ｎｉ ｏ（Ｌａ Ｎｉ ａ）反过来又可通过遥相关或遥响应而导致东亚冬季风偏弱（强）。强或弱的冬季风和ＥＮＳＯ循环是相互衔接在一起的，因此可以认为异常东亚冬季风与ＥＮＳＯ循环的相互作用是ＴＢＯ对流层准两年振荡）的基本原因。 相似文献
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On the recent strengthening of the relationship between ENSO and northeast monsoon rainfall over South Asia 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：1
The southeastern parts of India and Sri Lanka receive substantial rainfall from the northeast monsoon (NEM) during October through December. The interannual variability in NEM rainfall is known to be significantly influenced by the El-Niño/Southern Oscillation (ENSO). Unlike the southwest monsoon (SWM), the NEM rainfall is enhanced during the warm ENSO events, and vice versa. In the context of the recent weakening of the inverse relationship between Southwest Monsoon (SWM) and ENSO, we examine the secular variations in the positive relationship between ENSO and NEM rainfall over South Asia, showing that their relationship has strengthened over the recent years. Based on the analysis of GISST, IMD/CRU precipitation and NCEP/NCAR reanalysis data, we suggest that this secular variation of the relationship is due to epochal changes in the tropospheric circulation associated with ENSO over the region. 相似文献
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季风与ENSO的选择性相互作用:年循环和春季预报障碍的影响 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
本文主要基于对Webster and Yang（1992）一文的回顾,讨论了年循环在季风和ENSO相互作用中的作用、春季预报障碍（SPB）、Webster-Yang指数（WYI）、以及亚洲夏季风的前期讯号等内容。亚洲季风和ENSO作为全球天气和气候变率的主要来源,它们之间的相互作用存在明显的年变化和季节“锁相”特征:在北半球秋冬季,亚洲季风对流活动最弱,此时ENSO的信号最强;但是到了北半球春季,亚洲季风对流快速爆发,而此时的ENSO信号却迅速衰减。亚洲季风和ENSO位相的错位变化使得热带海—气系统的不稳定性在北半球春季达到最大,此时任意一个微小的扰动都容易快速增长,最终导致基于ENSO的预报技巧减小。亚洲夏季风环流本质上可以看成是大气对副热带地区潜热加热的低频罗斯贝波响应,它具有很强的垂直风切变,这是WYI定义的物理基础。WYI数值越大,代表垂直东风切变越大,即亚洲季风环流增强,反之亦然。利用WYI与前期大气环流场、欧亚雪盖、土壤湿度等物理量进行回归分析,结果表明:当亚洲夏季风增强时,前期冬季和春季,在北印度洋和亚洲副热带地区上空出现东风异常,同时在更高纬度地区伴随出现西风的异常;此外,副热带地区如印度次大陆、中南半岛和东亚的土壤湿度增大;中纬度地区尤其是青藏高原中西部的积雪密度明显减小。这些前期讯号的发现有助于我们构建动力统计模型,进而提高对亚洲夏季风的季节预报水平。 相似文献
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1 INTRODUCTION Summer climate plays an especially important role in the people’s daily life around East Asia, one of the most populated regions in the world, for most of the regions receive more than 70% of the annual precipitation in summer due to the effect of monsoon climate. Global climate change caused by mankind activities have become a hot topic in recent years, though it is still not clear how these activities result in the climate change around East Asia. Successive studies (Qi… 相似文献
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运用小波分析方法和相关分析对东亚季的准两年振荡的存在及其与ＥＮＳＯ变率的关系进行了研究,结果指出：东亚季风具有显著的准两年振荡特征,但周期与振幅具有明显的年代际变化,同时东亚季风的ＱＢＯ过程与ＥｌＮｉｎｏ事件具有密切的联系; 相似文献
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为了研究大尺度背景场对ENSO和印度夏季风降水关系的调制作用,更好地预报气候变暖背景下印度夏季风降水的年际变化,本文利用重建的10套ENSO指数和印度降水资料,研究了ENSO和印度夏季风降水在过去500 a(1470—1999年)中的关系,其存在的原因以及如何理解这一现象,主要侧重于ENSO对印度夏季风的影响。结果表明:1)在过去500 a中,ENSO与印度夏季风降水的关系并非是一成不变的,大体上呈现负相关关系;在小冰期负相关较弱,在现代暖期负相关加强,19世纪80年代后负相关开始减弱。2)在过去500 a中,印度夏季风降水异常与ENSO的关系是确定存在的,并非是随机产生的。3)在小冰期和现代暖期,印度夏季降水异常与Ni1o指数的振幅及周期的关系有很大的不同,现代暖期明显较大,即相对于小冰期,现代暖期ENSO的振幅增强、周期偏大,导致印度夏季风与ENSO呈现较强的负相关关系;但两者的平均状态相差不大。 相似文献
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The interannual variability of East Asian Monsoon and its relationship with SST in a coupled Atmosphere-Ocean-Land climate model 总被引：5，自引：1，他引：4
Wang Huijun 《大气科学进展》2000,17(1):31-47
1.IntroductionThelargestinterannualvariabilityassociatedwiththeENSOcycleexistsinmonsoonregionsliketheAfricanmonsoon,Australianmonsoon,Pan--AmericanmonsoonandAsianmonsoon(RopelewskiandHalpert,1987;WebsterandYang,1992;JuandSlingo,1995).OnebasicquestionishowtorepresenttheAsianmonsoonanditsvariability.WebsterandYang(1992)foundareasonableindexbyaveragingthezonalwindshearbetween850hpaand200hpaovertheSouthAsianregion(40--110E,0--20N)todescribetheSouthAsianmonsooncirculationanditsvariability.… 相似文献
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1961～1997年110～140。E垂直经圈环流的年际变化特征及其与海温变化的关系 总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7
用NCEP/NCAR再分析资料，分析了196l～1997各年1月和7月的大气垂直经圈环流的变化特征，特别分析了110～140°E平均的垂直经圈环流和其中的东亚季风环流。计算了各年的经圈环流与多年平均垂直经圈环流之相似系数、差异系数和相对强度。文中除讨论了它们的年际和10年际变化外，还讨论了东亚季风环流强弱变化与ENSO循环的关系。结果表明:(1)垂直经圈环流除有年变化外，存在着较明显的年际和年代际变化。1月的全球平均经圈环流1966～1974年较弱，1976～1987年较强；7月的全球垂直经圈环流则是1963～1974年较强，1986～1995年则相对较弱。(2)110～140°E的平均经圈环流主要特点是:1月东亚季风环流圈代替了北半球的Ferrel环流圈，7月东亚季风环流圈代替了北半球的Hadley环流圈，而且其10年际变化也比较明显。(3)东亚季风环流强弱的变化与ENSO循环有一定的关系。 相似文献
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一个能反映梅雨现象的东亚夏季风指数 总被引：13，自引：1，他引：12
分析了东亚中纬度地区气候特点的特殊性,并针对此特性定义了一个衡量夏季风强度的指数.对其他东亚季风指数也进行了比较和分析,并针对1998年梅雨个例进行了讨论.这个新的东亚季风指数基本上满足了由Lau等提出的最佳季风指数的原则.该指数的特点为:(1)可以反映逐年季风活动的南北分布;(2)可以较好地描述梅雨现象,尤其对中国江淮梅雨有良好的指示意义,季风指数偏强时,梅雨量大,反之亦然;(3)它与东亚地区大范围的环流变化密切相关,当副高西伸,高纬度地区有阻高(或强脊)活动时属高季风指数,反之为低指数;(4)它也与前期厄尔尼诺现象有密切关联. 相似文献
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Caroline C. Ummenhofer Rosanne D. D’Arrigo Kevin J. Anchukaitis Brendan M. Buckley Edward R. Cook 《Climate Dynamics》2013,40(5-6):1319-1334
Drought patterns across monsoon and temperate Asia over the period 1877–2005 are linked to Indo-Pacific climate variability associated with the El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and the Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD). Using the Monsoon Asia Drought Atlas (MADA) composed of a high-resolution network of hydroclimatically sensitive tree-ring records with a focus on the June–August months, spatial drought patterns during El Niño and IOD events are assessed as to their agreement with an instrumental drought index and consistency in the drought response amongst ENSO/IOD events. Spatial characteristics in drought patterns are related to regional climate anomalies over the Indo-Pacific basin, using reanalysis products, including changes in the Asian monsoon systems, zonal Walker circulation, moisture fluxes, and precipitation. A weakening of the monsoon circulation over the Indian subcontinent and Southeast Asia during El Niño events, along with anomalous subsidence over monsoon Asia and reduced moisture flux, is reflected in anomalous drought conditions over India, Southeast Asia and Indonesia. When an IOD event co-occurs with an El Niño, severe drought conditions identified in the MADA for Southeast Asia, Indonesia, eastern China and central Asia are associated with a weakened South Asian monsoon, reduced moisture flux over China, and anomalous divergent flow and subsidence over Indonesia. Insights into the relative influences of Pacific and Indian Ocean variability for Asian monsoon climate on interannual to decadal and longer timescales, as recorded in the MADA, provide a useful tool for assessing long-term changes in the characteristics of Asian monsoon droughts in the context of Indo-Pacific climate variability. 相似文献
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Influence of the Eastern Pacific and Central Pacific Types of ENSO on the South Asian Summer Monsoon 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Based on observational and reanalysis data,the relationships between the eastern Pacific(EP)and central Pacific(CP)types of El Ni?o?Southern Oscillation(ENSO)during the developing summer and the South Asian summer monsoon(SASM)are examined.The roles of these two types of ENSO on the SASM experienced notable multidecadal modulation in the late 1970s.While the inverse relationship between the EP type of ENSO and the SASM has weakened dramatically,the CP type of ENSO plays a far more prominent role in producing anomalous Indian monsoon rainfall after the late 1970s.The drought-producing El Ni?o warming of both the EP and CP types can excite anomalous rising motion of the Walker circulation concentrated in the equatorial central Pacific around 160°W to the date line.Accordingly,compensatory subsidence anomalies are evident from the Maritime Continent to the Indian subcontinent,leading to suppressed convection and decreased precipitation over these regions.Moreover,anomalously less moisture flux into South Asia associated with developing EP El Ni?o and significant northwesterly anomalies dominating over southern India accompanied by developing CP El Ni?o,may also have been responsible for the Indian monsoon droughts during the pre-1979 and post-1979 sub-periods,respectively.El Ni?o events with the same“flavor”may not necessarily produce consistent Indian monsoon rainfall anomalies,while similar Indian monsoon droughts may be induced by different types of El Ni?o,implying high sensitivity of monsoonal precipitation to the detailed configuration of ENSO forcing imposed on the tropical Pacific. 相似文献
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By prescribing sea surface temperature anomalies(SSTAs)over eastern equatorial Pacific inJanuary—March,the lag influence of ENSO(El Nino and La Nina)on monsoon over East Asiahas been studied.The results suggest that,due to the excitation of atmospheric low-frequencyoscillation by the SSTA,ENSO has significant lag influence on the monsoon over East Asia.During the summer after E1 Nino,the subtropical high over western Pacific is intensified andshows the northward and westward displacement,meanwhile,the rainfall over East China isbelow normal,especially in North China:during the winter after E1 Nino,both the Asian troughand the winter monsoon over East Asia are strengthened.During the summer after La Nina,theanomalous subtropical high prevails over the lower reaches of Yangtze(Changjiang)River,therainfall between Yangtze and Huaihe Rivers is below normal:during the winter after La Nina,both the Asian trough and the winter monsoon over East Asia are weaker.Compared with LaNina,the effect of El Nino is stronger,but it is not always opposite to the one of La Nina. 相似文献