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为满足在坡度陡、高差大的复杂地形地区高精度DEM制图的需要,在传统的雷达干涉测量技术的基础上,通过引入外部DEM,建立外部DEM模拟相位和干涉解缠相位的对应关系,构建多维线性模型,进行线性回归分析,去除误差相位趋势;同时根据引入的外部DEM估计高程的误差范围,进行高程点的滤波,达到精化DEM的目的,形成最终的DEM产品。该方法已经应用于高分辨雷达影像（COSMO数据）在云南德钦地区DEM地形图的制作,通过GPS数据的验证,其精度达到了国家1∶50 000 DEM制图要求。 相似文献
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Assessment of Dem Quality for Characterizing Surface Roughness Using Close Range Digital Photogrammetry 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
This paper presents a procedure for assessing the quality of a digital elevation model (DEM) which has been applied to the output of a normalized cross correlation based stereomatching algorithm. Using semimetric photography of natural gravel river bed surfaces acquired in the field, digital photogrammetry was used to extract DEMs automatically for use in characterizing surface roughness properties. The procedure for assessing DEM quality involves examination of (i) ortho-images, to provide a qualitative check on stereomatching performance; (ii) DEM collection statistics which quantify the percentage of correctly matched pixels as a function of those interpolated; and (iii) height differences between check points, measured using independent field survey, and corresponding DEM points. The concepts of precision, accuracy and reliability are defined in the context of DEM quality assessment and methods are outlined which can be used to assess these variables. The assessment is conducted for two adjacent stereopairs with similar characteristics, considering the effects of both DEM collection parameters and different lens models upon DEM quality. Results show that digital photogrammetry, in conjunction with independent field survey, can be used successfully for extracting high resolution, small scale DEMs from natural gravel surfaces. Components (i) and (ii) of the quality assessment suggest the need to optimize DEM collection parameters, although the effects of not using a properly specified lens model were minimal at this scale. Method (iii) showed that increasing stereomatching success does not necessarily lead to more accurately estimated DEM points. However, the use of method (iii) remained difficult because of the scale of the photogrammetric application being used; check point positioning within the photogrammetric co-ordinate system was only possible to ±10 mm which, for a gravel bed surface, was associated with elevation variance of a similar, sometimes greater, magnitude. The next stage of this research will require the use of higher quality check data, possibly from laser profiling. 相似文献
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顾及非线性地形因子的地表面积计算 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
研究地表面积统计数学模型及其影响因素,消除不同分辨率DEM计算所得地表面积的差异,对综合利用多尺度DEM数据精确统计和监测地表面积具有重要意义。本文研究提出了一种顾及复杂地形因子的地表面积统计方法。该方法首先利用泰勒级数逼近原理对微观地形因子进行最小二乘估计,然后利用这些地形因子对DEM和多边形区域边界进行加密,最后利用加密后的DEM和多边形边界构建地表三角网统计地表面积。试验表明,在局部地形因子显著的山区或丘陵地区,使用不同分辨率DEM所统计的地表面积存在较大的差异,而顾及地形因子的地表面积统计方法可明显提高低分辨率DEM地表面积统计精度。 相似文献
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具有高分辨率和连续表面的DEM数据是获取月球形貌特征并进行数字地形分析的主要数据源。本文选择嫦娥五号候选着陆区中的一个区域作为试验区,首先,基于LROC NAC立体影像、ISIS3和Stereo Pipeline软件生成高分辨率DOM影像及对应DEM数据,并将其与日本SELENE数据进行对比;然后,利用反距离权重、径向基函数和经验贝叶斯克里金3种插值方法对DEM数据的空洞区域进行修复,并对不同修复方法进行交叉验证分析。结果表明：生成的DOM和DEM分辨率约3.5 m,明显比7.4 m分辨率的日本SELENE数据清晰,并具有更强的地形表达能力;径向基函数插值法的空洞修复效果最好,交叉验证均方根误差为0.26 m。本文对准确获取月球形貌特征、探测器选址等具有一定作用,并能够为其他区域的高分辨率连续DEM数据生成提供参考。 相似文献
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Estimation of the polarization orientation angle shifts induced by terrain azimuth slope variations is a recently developed application in radar polarimetry. In general, without any prior knowledge on the terrain, two polarimetric SAR (POLSAR) flight passes are required to derive terrain slopes in perpendicular directions for digital elevation model (DEM) generation. Moreover, we note that SAR intensity is a strong indicator of the range component of the terrain slopes. In this letter, we developed a method for DEM generation requiring only one POLSAR flight pass, by combining orientation angle estimation and a shape-from-shading technique. In particular, when limited POLSAR data are available, this POLSAR technique provides an alternative way for DEM generation. National Aeronautics and Space Administration Jet Propulsion Laboratory (NASA/JPL) AIRSAR L-band POLSAR data over Camp Roberts, California, is used to demonstrate the results of the method proposed in this letter, and a DEM derived from simultaneously measured C-band interferometric SAR from NASA/JPL topographic SAR instrument is selected as the comparative ground truth to validate the effectiveness of this single POLSAR method. Analyses and discussions are also included in this letter. 相似文献
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数字高程模型（DEM）是地理信息系统地理数据库中最为重要的空间信息资料和赖以进行地形分析的核心数据。数字地形模型从已知3维坐标的散乱点和已知高程的等高线出发,构筑地形表面,以数字的形式表示实际地形特征的空间分布,从而建立起相关区域内任一点的地形情况。利用数字高程模型进行宏观地形因子和微观地形因子的分析,直观地显示研究区域的地貌形态,为水土流失监测、分析、治理提供了重要的科学依据。 相似文献
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机载激光雷达技术(LiDAR)作为一项先进的遥感技术,是植被覆盖区DEM获取的重要手段之一,而不同地形坡度条件及点云密度对DEM产品质量有重要影响。本文以辽宁省某市的机载LiDAR数据为基础,选取5种不同地形坡度的点云数据,通过随机、等间距及基于曲率3种不同的点云抽稀方法,按照点云保留率为80%、60%、40%、20%和10%共5个不同梯度的抽稀倍数对原始点云进行抽稀简化处理,生成与之对应的DEM并对其进行精度评价,以此研究地形坡度、点云抽稀方法、抽稀倍数对DEM精度的影响。结果表明,DEM精度与地形坡度呈负相关关系,即RMSE随地形坡度升高不断增加;基于曲率的抽稀方法在地形坡度＞30°时,相较于其他两种方法RMSE较小,具有明显优势;40%的点云保留率是平衡DEM精度与数据存储效率的一个节点,当点云保留率<40%时,DEM的高程RMSE会迅速增大。该研究对于利用机载LiDAR进行大范围DEM生产具有一定的指导和借鉴意义。 相似文献
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Digital Elevation Models (DEMs) and their derivatives are routinely exploited for a wide range of planning and engineering applications such as land reclamation, calculation of cut-and-fill requirements for earth works or to determine other relevant geomorphological landscape parameters. The advent of computer (digital) manipulation of elevation data has opened up great possibilities for studying the geometry of our land surface in relation to physical factors such as climate, vegetation, soils and geology. This paper is concerned with the generation, testing and validation of DEM and its derived terrain parameters viz., contours, drainage pattern etc. using IRS-1C stereo pair over a part of Alwar district, Rajasthan, India. In particular, it reports on the results achieved using indigenously developed stereo - processing software along with standard GIS and terrain analysis package to derive DEM and associated terrain parameters of the study area. The results are encouraging when compared with Survey of India topographical maps at 1:50,000 scale in terms of point to point accuracy of DEM, data quality evaluation of orthoimage and higher order drainage delineation. 相似文献
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P. Jayaprasad B. Narender S. K. Pathan Ajai 《Journal of the Indian Society of Remote Sensing》2008,36(4):313-322
Digital elevation model (DEM) and the derived terrain parameters e.g. contour, slope, aspect, drainage pattern, etc are required
for natural resources management, infrastructure planning and disaster management. The present paper aims at generating DEM
from ERS tandem pair using interferometric technique supported by differential GPS measurements (DGPS) and multispectral optical
data. Validation of DEM has been carried out by DGPS measurements. Ground Control Points (GCP) established by DGPS measurements
have been used to georeference the IRS-1D optical data that has finally been co-registered with SAR amplitude image. Optical
data, co-registered with ERS - I SAR data has helped in locating the GCP’s and check points, precisely, for refinement of
DEM and its validation. 相似文献
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一种新的基于矢量地图数据的地表纹理制作 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
主要阐述了基于矢量地图数据生成具有真实感3维地景纹理的思路和方法，详细论述了在Mapviewer和Photoshop环境下，地形背景纹理的制作，植被纹理的制作，水系纹理的制作以及其它要素纹理制作的方法，并给出了具体的实例。 相似文献
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Void filling and anomaly replacement in conjunction with auxiliary sources of data have been widely used to improve the quality of existing problematic high-resolution digital elevation models. However, the traditional interpolation methods used for this purpose have always failed to eliminate the discrepancies between different data-sets. In this paper, an improved ANUDEM method is presented for DEM interpolation, which incorporates the idea of topographic correction using high correlation of topological structure between contour lines (CLs) from multi-scale digital elevation models (DEM). Firstly, the terrain topological structure is extracted from the CLs of a low-resolution DEM. The topographic surface correction is then undertaken based on the extracted structure, which recovers the topographic information of the sharp depressions and eminences to fit the high-resolution representation. Finally, the breaklines of the terrain surface are distilled and integrated into the denser DEM generation. The experiments undertaken confirmed the superiority of the proposed method over the other DEM interpolation methods. It is shown that the proposed method can provide results with a higher accuracy, as well as a better visual quality. 相似文献
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Jessica D. DeWitt Timothy A. Warner Peter G. Chirico Sarah E. Bergstresser 《地理信息系统科学与遥感》2017,54(4):552-572
For areas of the world that do not have access to lidar, fine-scale digital elevation models (DEMs) can be photogrammetrically created using globally available high-spatial resolution stereo satellite imagery. The resultant DEM is best termed a digital surface model (DSM) because it includes heights of surface features. In densely vegetated conditions, this inclusion can limit its usefulness in applications requiring a bare-earth DEM. This study explores the use of techniques designed for filtering lidar point clouds to mitigate the elevation artifacts caused by above ground features, within the context of a case study of Prince William Forest Park, Virginia, USA. The influences of land cover and leaf-on vs. leaf-off conditions are investigated, and the accuracy of the raw photogrammetric DSM extracted from leaf-on imagery was between that of a lidar bare-earth DEM and the Shuttle Radar Topography Mission DEM. Although the filtered leaf-on photogrammetric DEM retains some artifacts of the vegetation canopy and may not be useful for some applications, filtering procedures significantly improved the accuracy of the modeled terrain. The accuracy of the DSM extracted in leaf-off conditions was comparable in most areas to the lidar bare-earth DEM and filtering procedures resulted in accuracy comparable of that to the lidar DEM. 相似文献
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借助GIS强大的空间数据处理和3维可视化分析功能,以长江中游湖北地区为试验区,利用现有的遥感影像、数字高程模型(DEM)和地理要素的矢量数据,实现了地形的3维可视化和地表分析。解决超大数据量数字高程模型(DEM)快速显示的算法,研究了基于3维场景空间分析的理论,最后对系统的实现做了简要介绍。 相似文献