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1.
《地学前缘》2017,(5):93-108
淘锡坑钨矿床是赣南崇(义)-(大)余-(上)犹钨锡多金属成矿带上重要的石英脉型钨矿床,深部存在与成矿关系密切的燕山期花岗岩体。本次研究在详细野外调查和岩相学研究基础上,首次在淘锡坑钨矿区发现煌斑岩脉,岩石定名为闪辉正煌岩,属于钙碱性钾质低钛煌斑岩,地球化学特征显示强烈亏损Nb、Ta、Zr、Hf、Ti等高场强元素,相对富集Rb、Ba、Sr、Pb等大离子亲石元素和高场强元素LREE的特征。利用LAICP-MS锆石U-Pb同位素定年,获得两组年龄,223.3~228.5 Ma可能代表了煌斑岩浆中所捕获锆石的年龄,说明区内存在印支期岩浆活动;158.2~159.6 Ma为煌斑岩脉的侵入年龄。该煌斑岩的侵位是与燕山期(170~150 Ma)南岭地区岩石圈发生全面伸展-减薄,大规模陆壳重熔型花岗岩类产出相伴随,记录了本区存在印支期和燕山期两期岩浆活动,是南岭中生代大规模岩浆活动同一构造背景下的产物。  相似文献   

2.
滇中老街子Pb-Ag矿床位于金沙江-哀牢山富碱斑岩成矿带内的姚安铅多金属成矿区。矿区出露正长斑岩脉、粗面斑岩脉、煌斑岩脉及白榴石斑岩脉等多种类型富碱岩脉,与Pb-Ag矿（化）体在空间上密切共生。粗面斑岩脉为矿区内最为发育的富碱岩脉之一,根据岩相学特征,可分为斑晶以钠-透长石为主的Ⅰ类和斑晶以透长石和黑云母为主的Ⅱ类。本次工作对矿区粗面斑岩脉进行了锆石LA-ICP-MSU-Pb年龄、Hf同位素及岩石地球化学分析,确定了其成岩年龄,探讨了其成因机制。结果表明,2类粗面斑岩脉锆石U-Pb年龄不具明显差别,分别为(32.32±0.2) Ma和(32.43±0.4) Ma,与区内粗面岩、正长斑岩成岩年龄以及Pb-Ag矿床成矿年龄一致。2类粗面斑岩脉均属钾玄岩系列岩石,相对富集LILE和LREE、亏损HFSE,极低的εHf(t)值（-13.55～-8.53）,指示岩浆源区主要为加厚下地壳,混入了少量富集地幔组分。岩石为印-亚板块俯冲背景下,青藏高原隆升引发岩石圈拆沉作用产物,加厚下地壳和少量富集地幔部分熔融形成钾质岩浆,晚碰撞阶段的剪切-走滑作用诱发岩浆上升侵位,期间经历不同程度的岩浆演化,最终形...  相似文献   

3.
江西银山多金属矿床高盐度包裹体及其成因意义   总被引：13，自引：1，他引：13  
流体包裹体岩相学和显微测温学研究表明，银山矿床石英斑岩和金金属矿床中都发现须含石盐的高盐度流体包裹体，表明至少在成矿作用的早期成矿流体为高盐度流体，高盐度流体不是由热水溶液的不混溶作用或沸腾作用形成的，而是直接从饱和水的结晶岩浆熔体中出溶的，银山矿床的成矿流体与斑岩铜矿的成矿流体具有相似性，证实矿床深部可能有隐伏斑岩铜矿。  相似文献   

4.
姚安干沟金矿是三江铜金多金属成矿带上的一个重要矿床,处于金沙江-哀牢山-红河富碱斑岩带中段,大地构造隶属于扬子板块西缘内部。通过对干沟金矿深部煌斑岩开展锆石LA-ICP-MS U-Pb定年及Hf同位素分析,结果表明煌斑岩成岩时代为(31.12±0.88)Ma,样品锆石176Hf/177Hf值为0.282 217～0.282 476,对应的εHf(t)值范围变化在-7.70到-18.94之间。通过与区域同期岩体同位素综合对比分析,认为姚安干沟金矿床深部煌斑岩起源于交代富集岩石圈地幔的部分熔融与加厚下地壳部分熔融的混合岩浆,干沟煌斑岩以及区域上北衙、马厂箐等晚期煌斑岩均是对印度-欧亚大陆后碰撞时期岩石圈地幔发生拆沉的响应,产在应力场环境由压扭挤压向张扭伸展逐渐过渡的动力学背景下,为杂岩体晚期岩浆活动的产物。  相似文献   

5.
与同一花岗质岩浆系统密切相关的不同成矿作用在成矿流体性质、组成、演化及成矿物质沉淀等特征既存在相似之处,也表现出明显差异。本文对赋存在社山复式岩体中的社垌石英脉型钨钼矿床和宝山斑岩型铜矿床进行的对比研究表明,钨钼矿体呈石英细脉状产出在社山加里东期黑云母花岗闪长岩中,铜矿体呈浸染状分布在宝山燕山晚期隐伏花岗斑岩体中。流体包裹体研究数据表明,社垌钨钼矿床石英中流体包裹体均一温度范围为180 ℃～320 ℃和340 ℃～440 ℃,其中主峰值范围为180 ℃～320 ℃,盐度峰值范围分别为0～10%、16%～20%、30%～34%,集中在0～10% NaClequiv.峰值范围内（n = 177）,显示社垌钨钼矿床的成矿流体形成于一种中高温、中低盐度的H2O-NaCl±CO2体系。宝山斑岩型铜矿床中石英包裹体的均一温度范围在136.6 ℃～440.0 ℃,峰值为240 ℃～360 ℃,盐度主要集中在0.18%～34.83% NaClequiv.（n = 154）,显示宝山斑岩型铜矿床的成矿流体属于中-高温、高盐度的NaCl-H2O-KCl±CO2体系。结合包裹体岩相学以及均一温度和盐度的特征,我们认为社垌脉状钨钼矿床成矿流体的演化经历了早期岩浆流体与晚期大气降水逐渐混合的过程,流体混合作用可能是引起矿石沉淀的主要因素,而宝山斑岩型铜矿床的成矿流体演化可能是早期岩浆结晶分异的中-高温、中-高盐度初始成矿流体,晚期又分异为高温、低盐度流体和高温、高盐度流体,流体沸腾和相分离作用对Cu金属元素的运移和沉淀起着重要的作用。  相似文献   

6.
甘肃李坝金矿位于西秦岭北成矿亚带礼岷金矿带东部,矿区内脉岩主要包括斜闪煌斑岩、云斜煌斑岩、闪长(玢)岩、细晶闪长岩、石英闪长岩、花岗(斑)岩、花岗细晶岩等。根据各脉岩与金矿的产出关系可划分为成矿前脉岩、成矿期脉岩和成矿后脉岩3类。不同种类、不同期次脉岩的成因及其对金成矿作用的制约存在不同认识。LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb定年结果显示,李坝金矿区花岗斑岩脉的年龄为(210±1)Ma(MSWD=0.15),与中川岩体同属晚三叠世构造岩浆活动的产物。成矿期花岗(斑)岩脉富碱、高钾,属于过铝质、高钾钙碱性系列,与成矿密切相关的煌斑岩脉同属高钾钙碱性系列。Nd-Hf同位素结果显示,李坝金矿区花岗斑岩脉的~(143)Nd/~(144)Nd比值为0.512 084±0.000 007,~(147)Sm/~(143)Nd比值为0.0903,ε_(Nd)(t)为-7.98,Nd同位素亏损地幔模式年龄T_(DM2)为1.64 Ga;锆石ε_(Hf)(t)=-6.30～+1.47,T_(DMC)为1.65～1.15 Ga,显示花岗斑岩脉的源区以古老的壳源物质为主,并有年轻物质的加入。硫同位素和矿床地球化学结果显示,黄铁矿的δ~(34)S值变化于4.3‰～11.6‰,平均值为8.45‰,表明其成矿硫源具有深源特点,金矿成矿物质来源于与脉岩有关的深部岩浆。综上,笔者认为矿区内脉岩与金矿化具有深部同源性,成矿同期的煌斑岩可能为金矿化提供部分成矿物质或成矿流体。  相似文献   

7.
黑龙江洋灰洞子斑岩型铜矿床地处兴蒙造山带东段、吉黑褶皱带北部,矿体主要赋存在花岗闪长斑岩和构造角砾岩中。为厘定洋灰洞子铜矿床的成岩成矿时代和构造背景,笔者对洋灰洞子花岗闪长斑岩进行了元素地球化学和LA--ICP--MS锆石U--Pb年代学的相关研究。岩石地球化学特征显示,花岗闪长斑岩富硅贫镁,属于过铝质钙碱性系列,富集轻稀土元素(LREE),(La/Yb)N=10.49~19.79,Eu显示弱负异常或正异常,高Sr低Y和Yb,富集大离子亲石元素(LILE),相对亏损高场强元素(HFSE),具有埃达克岩或埃达克质岩的特征。LA--ICP--MS锆石U--Pb测年结果显示,花岗闪长斑岩锆石206Pb/238U加权平均年龄为204.4±2.8 Ma和201.2±1.7 Ma。综合研究认为,洋灰洞子斑岩型铜矿床的成岩成矿时代可能为晚三叠世—早侏罗世之交,该矿床形成于古亚洲洋闭合后的陆陆碰撞造山环境,是加厚下地壳部分熔融形成的岩浆流体作用的结果。  相似文献   

8.
甘肃桦树沟铜矿床成矿年龄讨论   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：2       下载免费PDF全文
桦树沟铜矿床是近年来在北祁连山西段镜铁山矿田发现的一种新类型铜矿床。作者在矿床区域地质背景、地质特征分析的基础上 ,通过对与成矿密切相关的石英闪长岩脉中的锆石U_Pb同位素年龄及蚀变岩型铜矿石的40 Ar_3 9Ar同位素年龄测定 ,认为桦树沟铜矿床是在元古宙铜预富集的基础上 ,富含铜元素的条带状铁建造经加里东造山期的挤压、破碎 ,隐伏花岗岩基和石英闪长岩脉侵入及与衍生成矿流体的水岩反应等作用 ,使其中的铜元素活化析出并被带到就近的有利构造空间沉淀成矿 ,其成矿年龄限定于 (36 4 .7± 8.4 )Ma～ (4 76± 15 )Ma之间。  相似文献   

9.
曹殿华 《地质学报》2009,83(10):1430-1435
长期以来,关于雪鸡坪斑岩铜矿的成岩成矿时代具有很大的争议。为了限定成矿作用开始的时限,本文选择代表成矿前岩浆岩的绢英岩化带内含矿斑岩进行锆石SHRIMP年代学测试,获得了215.2±1.9Ma的成岩年龄,说明雪鸡坪斑岩铜矿形成于215Ma之后。锆石Hf同位素测试结果显示岩浆主要来源于地幔源区,但是锆石Hf同位素分布不均匀,8颗锆石εHf（t）的结果分布于1.1～2.1,二阶段模式年龄平均值为1150Ma,两颗锆石εHf（t）值为7.4和6.0,对应的二阶段模式年龄分别为778Ma和869Ma,暗示存在两种不同的岩浆源区,可能发生过岩浆混合作用,但需进一步的研究证实。区域同位素年代学对比结果表明,215Ma左右的岩浆活动是中甸弧主要的控制斑岩铜矿成矿的热事件。  相似文献   

10.
斑岩型铜矿床成矿斑岩岩浆氧化状态研究方法综述   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  
张京渤  安芳 《矿床地质》2018,37(5):1052-1064
近年来,成矿斑岩岩浆的氧化状态对斑岩铜矿床成矿潜力和成矿规模的控制作用受到了矿床学家的广泛关注。文章总结了斑岩型铜矿床成矿斑岩岩浆氧化状态的主要研究方法及各自的适用条件:(1)钛铁氧化物(钛铁矿-磁铁矿)固熔体的组成,适用于含共生岩浆成因钛铁矿-磁铁矿的斑岩体;(2)岩石中的Fe~(3+)/Fe~(2+)含量比值,适用于新鲜的熔融包裹体或未发生热液蚀变和地表风化作用的新鲜岩石;(3)黑云母中的Fe~(3+)、Fe~(2+)和Mg含量,适用于黑云母与磁铁矿和钾长石共生的岩体;(4)角闪石主量元素含量,适用于温度为550～1120℃、压力1200 MPa、氧逸度(f(O2))为-1≤ΔNNO≤+5的钙碱性喷出岩或浅成侵入岩;(5)锆石Ce~(4+)/Ce~(3+)比值;(6)锆石EuN/EuN*比值,斑岩铜矿成矿斑岩为中酸性岩体,其中锆石普遍发育,因此被广泛用于确定岩浆氧化状态。文章还通过收集中国冈底斯成矿带、金沙江-红河成矿带、中甸岛弧成矿带、环太平洋成矿域和中亚成矿域主要斑岩铜矿床成矿斑岩岩浆氧逸度资料,讨论岩浆演化状态对斑岩型铜矿床成矿作用和成矿规模的控制作用,发现同一成矿带内含矿斑岩的氧化状态明显高于不含矿斑岩,且含矿斑岩的氧化状态与斑岩铜矿床的成矿规模具有正相关性。  相似文献   

11.
Police, politics, and the right to the city   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  
Mustafa Dikeç 《GeoJournal》2002,58(2-3):91-98
Space and spatiality have recently been at the core of debates concerning the political possibilities of the city. The arguments advanced in this paper might be seen as an attempt to contribute to these debates through a reflection on the spatiality of (in) justice, politics, and the right to the city. The case of French urban policy, with its focus on distressed urban areas, and the `suburban problem' in France are used as examples to make arguments more concrete.  相似文献   

12.
Clay subfractions (SFs) of <0.1, 0.1–0.2, 0.2–0.3, 0.3–0.6, 0.6–2 and 2–5 μm separated from Middle Riphean shales of the Debengda Formation are studied using the TEM, XRD, K-Ar and Rb-Sr isotopic methods. The oxygen and hydrogen isotope compositions in the SFs are studied as well. The low-temperature illite-smectite is dominant mineral in all the SFs except for the coarsest ones. The XRD, chemical and isotopic data imply that two generations of authigenic illite-smectite different in age are mixed in the SFs. The illite crystallinity index decreases in parallel with size diminishing of clay particles. As compared to coarser SFs, illite of fine-grained subfractions is enriched in Al relative to Fe and Mg, contains more K, and reveals higher K/Rb and Rb/Sr ratios. The Rb-Sr age calculated by means of the leachochron (“inner isochron”) method declines gradually from 1254-1272 Ma in the coarsest SFs to 1038-1044 Ma in finest ones, while the K-Ar age decreases simultaneously from 1225–1240 to 1080 Ma. The established positive correlation of δ18O and δD values with dimensions of clay particles in the SFs seems to be also consistent with the mixing systematics. The isotopic systematics along with data on mineral composition and morphology lead to the conclusion that mixedlayer illite-smectite was formed in the Debengda shales during two periods 1211–1272 and 1038–1080 Ma ago. The first period is likely close to the deposition time of sediments and corresponds to events of burial catagenesis, whereas the second one is correlative with the regional uplift and changes in hydrological regime during the pre-Khaipakh break in sedimentation.  相似文献   

13.
This paper reports the first results of a study of 11 isotope systems (3He/4He, 40Ar/36Ar, 34S/32S, 65Cu/63Cu, 62Ni/60Ni, 87Sr/86Sr, 143Nd/144Nd, 206–208Pb/204Pb, Hf–Nd, U–Pb, and Re–Os) in the rocks and ores of the Cu–Ni–PGE deposits of the Norilsk ore district. Almost all the results were obtained at the Center of Isotopic Research of the Karpinskii All-Russia Research Institute of Geology. The use of a number of independent genetic isotopic signatures and comprehensive isotopic knowledge provided a methodic basis for the interpretation of approximately 5000 isotopic analyses of various elements. The presence of materials from two sources, crust and mantle, was detected in the composition of the rocks and ores. The contribution of the crustal source is especially significant in the paleofluids (gas–liquid microinclusions) of the ore-forming medium. Crustal solutions were probably a transport medium during ore formation. Air argon is dominant in the ores, which indicates a connection between the paleofluids and the atmosphere. This suggests intense groundwater circulation during the crystallization of ore minerals. The age of the rocks and ores of the Norilsk deposits was determined. The stage of orebody formation is restricted to a narrow age interval of 250 ± 10 Ma. An isotopic criterion was proposed for the ore-bearing potential of mafic intrusions in the Norilsk–Taimyr region. It includes several interrelated isotopic ratios of various elements: He, Ar, S, and others.  相似文献   

14.
Transport and transformation of nitrate was evaluated along a 1-km groundwater transect from an almond orchard to the Merced River, California, USA, within an irrigated agricultural setting. As indicated by measurements of pore-water nitrate and modeling using the root zone water quality model, about 63% of the applied nitrogen was transported through a 6.5-m unsaturated zone. Transport times from recharge locations to the edge of a riparian zone ranged from approximately 6 months to greater than 100 years. This allowed for partial denitrification in horizons having mildly reducing conditions, and essentially no denitrification in horizons with oxidizing conditions. Transport times across a 50–100-m-wide riparian zone of less than a year to over 6 years and more strongly reducing conditions resulted in greater rates of denitrification. Isotopic measurements and concentrations of excess N2 in water were indicative of denitrification with the highest rates below the Merced River. Discharge of water and nitrate into the river was dependent on gradients driven by irrigation or river stage. The results suggest that the assimilative capacity for nitrate of the groundwater system, and particularly the riverbed, is limiting the nitrate load to the Merced River in the study area.  相似文献   

15.
马元铅锌矿床是近年扬子陆块北缘铅锌找矿的新突破。矿体呈层状、似层状产于碑坝隆起翼部震旦系灯影组角砾状白云岩层间构造带中,围岩蚀变很弱。矿石中硫化物以闪锌矿、方铅矿为主,中粗粒晶质结构,充填于白云岩角砾间。闪锌矿富集Cd、Ge、Ag,贫In、Tl、Se,Ga/In为6~132,Ge/In多1000,成矿温度以中-低温为主。金属硫化物ε~(34)S值相对集中,为12.9‰~19.4‰,平均为17.4‰,来自于海相硫酸盐的还原。铅同位素组成稳定,~(206)Pb/~(204)Pb为17.858~17.918:~(207)Pb/~(204)Pb为15.603~15.694;~(208)Pb/~(204)Pb为37.756~38.046,具有造山带和上地壳铅的特征,震旦系可能提供了金属成矿物质。闪锌矿中流体包裹体的~3He/~4He为0.03Ra~1.05Ra,~(40)Ar/~(36)Ar为326.1~765.1,~(38)Ar/~(36)Ar为0.183~0.204,表明成矿流体主要为地壳流体和饱和大气水(大气降水或海水)的混合。闪锌矿内流体包裹体挥发分δ~(13)C_(CH_4)值为-36.01‰~-28.80‰,δ~(13)C_(C_2H_6)值为-27.72‰~-22.44‰,δ~(13)C_(CO_2)值为-23.24‰~-9.68‰,表明有机流体参与了成矿作用。石英、方解石的H-O同位素结果表明具有海水和有机水混合的特征。可见,成矿流体具有两种流体混合的特征,一为蒸发海水与围岩反应所形成的盆地卤水,二为有机流体。推测矿区可能存在一个古油气藏,由于TSR生成一高硫气藏,为区内还原性有机流体的主要来源。当富含Pb、Zn等成矿物质的成矿流体运移至富含CH_4和H_2S的还原性流体的矿区角砾岩带时,两种流体混合,Pb、Zn等遇到H_2S发生反应而沉淀成矿,并伴生热液白云石等,形成了马元铅锌矿床。综上所述,我们认为马元矿床属MVT型铅锌矿床。  相似文献   

16.
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17.
岑巩县羊桥乡罗家塘杷榔组仅出露中-上部地层,岩性单一,均为青灰、灰绿色粉砂质泥、页岩.在其上部层位发现了俞氏贵州始海百合(Guizhoueocrinus yui Zhao,Parsley et Peng,2007),计有棘皮动物始海百合、腕足动物、软体动物-软舌螺、节肢动物-三叶虫等8属9种,包括了2个未定名的新种和1...  相似文献   

18.
Over the past decade researchers working on the rocks of the Beaufort Group in the main Karoo Basin of South Africa have vastly increased our understanding of this important Permo-Triassic sequence. Many new fossil forms have been discovered, allowing for breakthroughs into the biodiversity, biogeography and biostratigraphy of the group. Taxonomic and phylogenetic advances are many and varied, and cover most of the vertebrate taxa, but with emphasis placed on the temnospondyl amphibians, archosauriforms and non-mammalian synapsids, in particular the anomodontia. Biostratigraphic breakthroughs have centered on the Middle Permian Eodicynodon and Tapinocephalus assemblage zones, the Late Permian Dicynodon Assemblage Zone, and the Triassic Lystrosaurus and Cynognathus assemblage zones. Correlation of these biozones with better dated sequences in Europe, Russia and China has allowed for many chronostratigraphic refinements, which are in turn vital for sequence stratigraphical analysis of the basin fill. Based on fossil data, both the lower (Ecca–Beaufort) and upper (Beaufort–Molteno) contacts of the group have been proved to be highly diachronous. The refined chronostratigraphic framework has also allowed for a better analysis of the basin evolution through time, particularly in terms of the correlation of external stimuli that affect basin sedimentation patterns.  相似文献   

19.
The Trinity River (Texas, USA) contains in its watershed 23 different reservoir lakes, the largest one being Lake Livingston situated in the lower Trinity River watershed and two potentially polluting metroplexes, Dallas and Houston. In order to determine fluxes of nutrients and trace metals to Galveston Bay, a survey that included 24 discreet samples collected over a year and at various stages of discharge was carried out during 2000–2001. Geochemical (i.e., sorption by Fe oxyhydroxides), biological (i.e., seasonal uptake by sinking algae in Lake Livingston), and hydrological (i.e., dilution effects by increasing flow rates) controls were found to be mainly responsible for variations in dissolved trace metal concentrations rather than pollution sources. The Trinity River loads of suspended sediments and pollutant trace metals entering Galveston Bay at Anahuac were <20% of those reaching Lake Livingston, and only a few percent of the total upstream trace metal load is entering the Gulf of Mexico. Thus, during the transit through the 23 man-made lakes and an estuary, >96% of the pollutant trace metal load is lost to sediments.  相似文献   

20.
填海工程使滨海地区的地下水物理化学条件改变,导致该区域地下水中重金属浓度升高。本文以深港西部通道填海区为例,采用实验室模拟填海条件的办法,初步探讨了影响填海区地下水重金属迁移的关键因素。模拟实验结果表明,填海区地下水中钨元素含量升高与地下水淡化、淤泥氧化过程以及填料风化有关;铜元素含量升高则与淤泥氧化过程以及填料风化有关;钒元素含量升高与地下水淡化和淤泥氧化过程有关,而其他元素含量升高则主要与填料风化释放有关。  相似文献   

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