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1.
Markus Wagner 《GeoJournal》2005,62(3-4):91-113
In semi-arid orographic left tributaries of the Kali Gandaki at the northern and western flank of the Nilgiri Himal, glacio-geomorphological
and pedological investigations were carried out on prehistoric moraines. Geomorphological relief analysis was derived from
other literature and the own fieldwork of the author. The resulting glacial chronology was used as benchmark to explore the
limits of different pedological dating methods regarding the degree of soil development. These methods are based on iron fractionation,
total element contents and particle size distribution. In general the different glacial stages are mirrored correctly in the
relative graduation of soil development. The ratio of well crystallised pedogenic iron-oxides to the total iron content and
the ratio fine clay to total clay are most suitable, because they are almost independent from existing changes in the lithological
composition. The total element based weathering indices are less suitable, because they react highly sensitive to the geology
dependent shift to higher carbonate contents. Most of the grain size based weathering indices are inapplicable because of
the typically high textural variability within till deposits. 相似文献
2.
不同前处理方法对红色风化壳粒度测试结果的影响 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
对红色风化壳粒度分析的前处理方法,目前存在着很大差异,这在一定程度上影响了分析结果的可靠性。采用不同前处理方法对中国西南岩溶区红色风化壳样品进行了粒度测试,结果表明各方法对粒度数据有明显影响。对于富含三水铝石的样品,用盐酸溶液煮沸处理后,可以使游离铝氧化物的胶结作用解体,从而使颗粒充分分散,即方法B效果较好;而对于蒙脱石含量较高的红色风化壳,由于盐酸溶液处理后会破坏蒙脱石晶格及硅胶体的出溶,从而会对矿物产生胶结作用,用方法A较为适宜;其他粘土矿物对不同前处理方法没有明显的敏感性。当利用粘粒含量作为红色风化壳发育程度及红壤类型划分的指标时,不同前处理方法将影响到对成果的正确解释,因此选择合适的前处理方法是必需的。在碳酸盐岩上覆红色风化壳的成因研究方面,以粒度频率分布曲线作为指标时,前处理方法的不同不影响对物源指示的判读,但利用粘粒含量及粉砂/粘粒比等参数时,可能会对研究结果产生影响。 相似文献
3.
4.
The aim of this study was to evaluate total mercury concentration and its lithogenic and exogenic fractions in some calcareous soils of western Iran, where water contamination and bioaccumulation of mercury have been reported in the bottomland’s reservoir. In particular, we investigated soil physico-chemical properties and weathering conditions related to lithogenic and exogenic fractions of mercury for two groups of calcareous soils with a known comparative pedological evolution and weathering condition that was evident in the presence or absence of underlying layers of accumulated clay. Our results showed that the total mercury content of the studied soils ranged from 45.40 to 830.36 with a mean of 486.81 μg kg?1. Furthermore, calculation of mercury fractions revealed that lithogenic and exogenic fractions vary slightly according to the three reference elements (Fe, U and Nb) used in the calculations for the two groups of studied soils. The results also illustrated that most of the mercury content is of exogenic origin; therefore, total mercury variations are closely related to the content of exogenic mercury, while the lithogenic fraction exhibited no relationship with total mercury concentration. Moreover, application of the weathering indexes of Parker and the CaO/ZrO2 molar ratio supported the dependence of lithogenic mercury accumulation on weathering intensity in the studied calcareous soils. However, the significance of this relationship is stronger for more weathered calcareous soils; in such cases, fine-particle fractions are more developed, which encourages carrier phases such as organic materials and iron oxyhydroxides to become involved in more efficient fixation of mercury. Nevertheless, the formation of underlying layers of accumulated clay, i.e. argillic horizons, may restrain fixation of exogenic mercury by limiting its atmospheric input. 相似文献
5.
Major element compositions of 36 bulk samples and 41 clay samples, which were obtained from 47 topsoils collected in monsoonal eastern China, were investigated with conventional wet chemistry and X-ray fluorescence (XRF) spectrometry, respectively. Based on major element analyses, the mobility of major elements and latitudinal distributions of SiO2/Al2O3 ratio, chemical index of alteration (CIA), chemical index of weathering (CIW) and weathering index of Parker (WIP) were analyzed. Meanwhile, the suitability of these chemical weathering indices to topsoils in monsoonal eastern China and its controls were discussed.These investigations indicate that Na, K, Ca, Mg, and Si are relatively depleted, while Mn, P, Fe and Ti are relatively enriched in topsoils of the study area by comparison with their contents in the upper continent crust (UCC), and that alkali metal (Na, K) and alkaline earth metal (Ca, Mg) elements are generally easier to be depleted from their parent materials than other major elements during chemical weathering. The latitudinal distributions of CIA, CIW and WIP show that they are suitable to both bulk and clay samples, but SiO2/Al2O3 is only suitable to clay samples, not suitable in bulk ones. All these investigations indicate a significant dependence of grain-size in major element abundance and latitudinal distributions of SiO2/Al2O3, CIA, CIW and WIP, but parent rock type has little effect on them, except its impact on the latitudinal distribution of WIP in clay samples. The significant grain-size dependence probably indicates the presence of unaltered minerals in bulk samples, thus we suggest that clay samples are more suitable to investigating chemical weathering of sediments on continents than bulk samples. The trivial effect of parent rock type probably indicates a relatively uniform chemical weathering on various parent rocks. Correlation analyses indicate that climate is the dominant control of chemical weathering of topsoils in the study area, and the significant latitude effect indicated by the spatial distributions of chemical weathering indices actually reflect the climate control on chemical weathering of topsoils.Chemical weathering indices actually reflect the integrated weathering history in the study area. Besides the dominant control of climate, other factors like tectonics, parent rock, biology, landform and soil depth and age might also have some effect on the chemical weathering of topsoils in the study area, which needs further research. 相似文献
6.
加积型网纹红土网纹化机制及形成环境 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
选取九江地区JL剖面网纹层段典型样品,针对红基质与白网纹的物质组成及理化性质展开异同分析,在此基础上探讨网纹红土形成环境。初步得到以下结论:1)红基质与白网纹的粒度组成、元素组成、风化特征基本一致,但铁元素有显著差异,"网纹"并非原生构造,不是岩性差异及差异风化的产物,而是同源物质经历化学风化过程中元素分馏的结果。2)地球化学分析、磁学分析和粘粒级矿物组成分析一致表明,白网纹与红基质在铁含量、铁氧化物形态、铁矿物类型方面存在明显差异。白网纹与红基质相比,全铁含量(4.30%)低于红基质(8.63%);Fe^3+/Fe^2+比值(40.66)低于红基质(90.95);游离铁量及游离度(7.01 g/kg,32.96%)低于红基质(76.21 g/kg,77.52%);铁活化度和晶胶率(25.31%,37.77%)高于红基质(8.77%,9.69%);赤铁矿和针铁矿含量极少,这充分表明白网纹局部存在明显的铁淋失。3)白网纹局部脱色机制主要受控于赤铁矿及其转化,红基质主导矿物为赤铁矿,并含有一定的磁赤铁矿和针铁矿,而白网纹则不含磁赤铁矿,赤铁矿含量也极少。此外高岭石含量也是影响色浅的因素之一,白网纹蛭石、高岭石含量(20.24%和45.08%)均略高于红基质(11.45%和41.82%)。4)赤铁矿的富集、局部铁迁移的特点,整体上指示高温、中强程度化学风化和季节性多水的环境。这在一定程度上暗示网纹红土形成时期气候高温多雨,且季节性反差增强。 相似文献
7.
Zhifei Liu Christophe Colin Alain Trentesaux Giuseppe Siani Norbert Frank Dominique Blamart Segueni Farid 《Quaternary Research》2005,63(3):769-328
High-resolution siliciclastic grain size and bulk mineralogy combined with clay mineralogy, rubidium, strontium, and neodymium isotopes of Core MD01-2393 collected off the Mekong River estuary in the southwestern South China Sea reveals a monsoon-controlled chemical weathering and physical erosion history during the last 190,000 yr in the eastern Tibetan Plateau and the Mekong Basin. The ranges of isotopic composition are limited throughout sedimentary records: 87Sr/86Sr = 0.7206–0.7240 and εNd(0) = −11.1 to −12.1. These values match well to those of Mekong River sediments and they are considered to reflect this source region. Smectites/(illite + chlorite) and smectites/kaolinite ratios are used as indices of chemical weathering rates, whereas the bulk kaolinite/quartz ratio is used as an index of physical erosion rates in the eastern Tibetan Plateau and the Mekong Basin. Furthermore, the 2.5–6.5 μm/15–55 μm siliciclastic grain size population ratio represents the intensity of sediment discharge of the Mekong River and, in turn, the East Asian summer monsoon intensity. Strengthened chemical weathering corresponds to increased sediment discharge and weakened physical erosion during interglacial periods. In contrast, weakened chemical weathering associated with reduced sediment discharge and intensified physical erosion during glacial periods. Such strong glacial–interglacial correlations between chemical weathering/erosion and sediment discharge imply the monsoon-controlled weathering and erosion. 相似文献
8.
峡东地区南华纪-寒武纪地层风化过程元素及Sr-Nd同位素演化特征及其地球化学意义 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
以峡东地区南华纪、震旦纪和寒武纪标准地层泥岩、冰碛泥岩、砂岩、灰岩和白云质灰岩及对应的风化土壤为研究对象, 分析了地层风化成土过程中不同元素的迁移行为, 根据剖面样品的Sr-Nd同位素组成变化, 探讨了其同位素体系的封闭性特征与应用意义.结果表明: (1) 不同岩性基岩在成土过程中的蚀变强度有明显的差异, 在相似地表条件下, 碳酸岩风化剖面的风化程度高于泥质岩和砂岩; (2) 通过对比稳定高场强Ti元素在基岩和风化剖面中的含量变化, 计算出土壤样品在风化过程中体积相对基岩发生的改变量, 进而计算出不同岩性基岩在风化过程中微量元素的绝对含量变化以探讨这些元素的活动规律.结果表明, 灰岩和白云质灰岩的风化剖面元素含量变化明显, 而在泥质岩风化过程中大多数元素保持了相对稳定, 说明沉积岩风化过程中元素的活动性特征明显地受到了原岩矿物组成的制约.风化过程中, 不同性质的元素的活动性差异明显, 其中亲硫元素(Cu、Zn、Pb、Mo) 和大离子亲石元素(Rb、K、Sr、Ba) 在不同岩性的风化剖面中均表现出明显的元素含量变化, 而高场强元素(Zr、Hf、Nb、Ta) 含量则相对稳定; (3) 泥质岩风化形成的土壤层REE含量变化较小, 而碳酸岩风化土壤层REE含量发生了明显下降, 且其风化形成的土壤表现出LREE和HREE相对于MREE的富集.无论是碳酸岩或泥质岩风化形成的土壤, 均出现了明显的Eu负异常和Ce的正异常, 但在其原岩中这些异常并不存在或不明显; (4) 基岩与土壤剖面间Sr同位素组成和Rb/Sr比值存在明显差异, Rb-Sr同位素组成发生了明显的开放.所形成土壤层的Sr同位素组成受到2种因素的约束: 原岩性质和外来组成的Sr同位素比值.因此在总体上, 风化土壤的Sr同位素组成已不能代表基岩的Sr同位素组成; (5) 沉积岩风化过程中, 碳酸岩和泥质岩形成的风化土壤基本保持了原岩的Sm-Nd同位素组成特点, 由其组成所获得的Nd同位素亏损地幔模式年龄等能反映其原岩信息, 而近源沉积形成的砂岩和含砾冰碛泥岩所形成的土壤, 其Nd同位素组成则存在不同程度的改变. 相似文献
9.
选择海螺沟冰川退缩区,对冰川退缩年龄分别为0年、30年、40年、52年、80年、120年的样点按土壤发生层分层采集样品,通过分析样品的化学风化速率及理化性质变化,探讨小冰期结束以来土壤发育过程及影响因素,并评估不同阶段土壤质量。结果表明,退缩区前40年样点中主要以碳酸盐风化为主,80年后硅酸盐风化作用增强。土壤长期风化速率随土壤年龄呈现升高-降低-升高的趋势,52年样点长期风化速率最低,为48.06cmol/(m^2·a),矿物组成和气候是影响土壤风化速率的重要原因。土壤的粒度组成以砂粒为主,多数样点占比约为80%~90%。随着土壤年龄增加,容重值和pH减小,pH从8.54减小到5左右;土层厚度、土壤有机质(SOC)及总氮(TN)含量增加,这些土壤理化指标的快速变化表明冰川退缩区土壤发育迅速。适宜的温度、充足的降水以及快速的植被演替可能是退缩区土壤快速发育的原因。模糊数学法计算土壤质量的结果显示,除了0年样点,其余样点土壤质量指数(SQI)均大于0.4,说明退缩区土壤质量状况整体属于中等水平,土壤肥力状况较好。研究结果有助于揭示土壤矿物风化过程和土壤发育的影响因素,理解土壤发育机制。 相似文献
10.
沙漠边缘地区黄土磁化率的增强机制与黄土高原地区有所不同,不宜用于夏季风强度变化的重建。所以,本文尝试将黄土高原地区常用的化学风化指标:化学蚀变指数（CIA）和Rb/Sr用于沙漠边缘地区白崖剖面夏季风演化的重建。结果显示,CIA可以较好地反映成壤作用,因而也可以较好地反映夏季风的变化,而Rb/Sr受源区因素和成壤因素共同作用,不能有效地指示夏季风的强度。同时,本文还选取了常见的反映粒度分选和冬季风变化的SiO2/TiO2和Zr/Rb,结果显示,SiO2/TiO2和Zr/Rb能明确指示粒度分选作用和冬季风的变化。此外,Al-Ti-Zr三角图显示,物源在不同时期存在一定的变化,在全新世和末次间冰期黄土物质混合较为均匀,表明风尘经历了较长距离的搬运和较为充分的混合过程;在末次冰期黄土物质混合程度存在明显分异,意味着部分时段物源可能较近。 相似文献
11.
海南岛农田土壤Se的地球化学特征 总被引：18，自引：0，他引：18
Se是人和动物必需的微量元素之一,具有广阔的开发应用前景,研究土壤中Se的地球化学分布规律和生物有效性控制因素意义重大。系统总结了海南岛27 426 km2范围内土壤Se的含量特征和影响因素。结果表明,研究区69.98%土地面积为足硒和富硒土壤,表层土壤Se含量在一定程度上继承了成土母岩(或深层土壤)Se含量,但不同成土母岩形成的表层土壤Se含量富集贫化趋势不同。进一步研究显示,土壤中Se含量与有机碳、Al2O3、TFe2O3、Mn和CIA等具有显著的正相关关系,说明土壤中粘土矿物、有机碳、铁锰氧化物及风化淋溶程度对Se的地球化学行为有重要影响,同时这些指标又是影响土壤Se生物有效性的重要参数。土壤有机碳、粘粒、CEC等含量或指标越高,Se的生物有效性越低。研究区土壤pH6.5时,土壤Se含量较低;土壤pH6.5时,土壤Se含量随pH下降而增加;当土壤pH为5.5～7.5时,土壤Se生物有效性相对较高。因此,开发富硒农产品不但要依据土壤总Se含量,还必须考虑土壤pH、TOC、CEC、粘粒等指标含量。 相似文献
12.
充分认识元素和同位素在不同环境条件下的地球化学行为,是运用元素和同位素示 踪环境变化的前提。对来自于黄土高原的黄土、古土壤和红粘土样品的宇宙成因核素10Be测量和化学成分分析,以及各种化学淋溶实验表明：10Be主要以吸附状态赋存于粉尘沉积物粘粒矿物的表面,部分已结合进自生的粘土矿物中;在粉尘沉积物风化过程中10Be与9Be和～的活动性相似,基本没有发生迁移,其原因是连续沉积的粉尘含有大量的碱性物质,阻止了…Be的解吸附和淋滤;沉积和风化作用导致了10Be浓度与化学指标在黄土-古土壤和红粘土剖面中的协同变化。 相似文献
13.
阿尔泰山西北山区寒冻湿润条件下土壤的风化特征 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
通过阿尔泰山西北山区不同海拔的６个土壤剖面,从土壤的机械组成、底土层矿物、粘土矿物类型和粘粒的化学全量等,分析了其风化特征。研究结果表明,整个山区总体上风化较弱,在粘土矿物类型和粘粒的硅铝铁率比值方面无明显差异。粘土矿物都以水云母为主,粘粒的硅铝铁率为２．７８￣３．３７。风化程度的一定差异只表现在山区不同的高度带其土壤表层粘粒含量、Ｘ射线衍射峰的高度以及底土层矿物组成等方面。在高山带寒冻湿润的条件 相似文献
14.
矿物风化对黄土区土壤有效硅含量的控制作用--以陕西省关中-陕北地区为例 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
利用XRD、粒度分析、土壤风化模拟试验等方法,对黄土区土壤有效硅含量分布、土壤机械组成、粘粒矿物种类及含量分布、土壤溶液pH值和土壤矿物风化过程中硅的析出规律进行研究。从陕北干旱区到关中半湿润区,土壤中蛭石含量从0.18%升高到1.60%;高岭石从0.45%升高到1.84%,相应的土壤有效硅含量从122.62×10-6升高到463.95×10-6。土壤有效硅含量与粘粒矿物总量呈正比,与土壤溶液pH值成反比,这与南方水田水稻土情况完全不同。模拟实验证实土壤中存在的游离硅是硅酸盐矿物异成分溶解的结果。研究区土壤风化作用强度规律性变化是造成区内土壤有效硅含量变化的主要原因。 相似文献
15.
Podzols that have developed on glacial and periglacial features provide the opportunity to reconstruct glacial evolution after the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) using different soil indices. Analysing 17 soils classified as podzol, we used the crystallinity ratio of free iron oxides (CRF) on both the A and Bs horizons, and absolute ages for the same landforms containing the soil profile, to create dating curves. Two equations were generated: age = 4566.9 × ln (CRF) + 1760 (1), and age = 3907 × ln (CRF) + 3508.2 (2). The reliability of the curves was evaluated with the Feo/Fed ratio, and with the difference of ages calculated using both equations. Equation (2) is considered more reliable because the A horizon may be influenced by new pedogenesis on the pre-existing podzol, leading to the development of a new type of soil. By dating the soils, we reconstructed the glacial history of the three main upper branches of the LGM Adda Glacier in the Central Italian Alps, specifically the Stelvio Pass area (ST), Gavia Pass area (GV), and the Val Viola valley (VV). Seven glacial advances were identified at 16.7–14.7 ka (phase I), 12.3 ka (phase II), 11 ka (phase III), 10–9.7 ka (phase IV), 9 ka (phase V), 7.5 ka (phase VI) and 5.3 ka (phase VII). The first five phases are chronologically similar to the main Late Pleistocene–Early Holocene phases recorded in the Central European Alps. The last two Holocene phases, which are both longer in duration than the Little Ice Age, are recorded in ST and GV. Interestingly, these phases generally are not recorded in the rest of the Central European Alps, where the late Holocene glaciers were smaller than their present size. 相似文献
16.
《Quaternary Science Reviews》2003,22(5-7):581-593
During Pleistocene mountain glaciation of the Bavarian Forest, south Germany, the Wurmian Kleiner Arbersee glacier left behind glacial landforms and sediments which are described, classified and interpreted using a combination of geomorphological, sedimentological, pedological, surveying and absolute dating methods. The latest Kleiner Arbersee glacier with a maximum length of 2600 m, a minimum width of 800 m and a thickness of 115 m formed an elongated cirque, four lateral moraines, one divided end moraine, one recessional moraine, a proglacial lake and a basin in which lake Kleiner Arbersee was established after deglaciation. Beyond the glacial limit the landscape is denuded by periglacial slope deposits which are differentiated from the glacigenic sediments based upon clast fabrics, clast shapes and sediment consolidation. Within the glacial limit sandy–gravelly to silty–gravelly tills are widely distributed, whereas glaciolacustrine sediments are restricted to a small area north of the lake. Small variations in the sand and silt fraction of the tills are explained by melt-out processes. Quartz, mica and chlorite derived from gneiss bedrock are dominant in the clay mineral spectrum of tills, but also gibbsite as a product of pre-Pleistocene weathering is present giving evidence of glacially entrained saprolites. An IRSL-date of glaciolacustrine sediments (32.4±9.4 ka BP) confirms the Wurmian age for the glaciation and radiocarbon ages of the basal sediments (12.3±0.4 and 12.5±0.2 ka BP uncalibrated) in the lake Kleiner Arbersee prove that the basin was ice-free before the Younger Dryas. 相似文献
17.
提要：岩石化学风化程度评价指标应该同时满足以下三个基本条件,即与风化程度之间的关系简单明确、对风化程度变化具有足够的敏感性和易于确定和不易受到人为因素影响。作为铁镁质岩石的主要代表,（峨眉山）玄武岩风化程度评价除考虑可引起组分淋失与富集的水解反应外,还应充分考虑二价铁的氧化反应。新鲜峨眉山玄武岩中并存的二价铁和三价铁的含量总体稳定,910个样品的FeO、Fe2O3平均含量分别为8.45%和5.15%,以均匀、随机的方式赋存于辉石、橄榄石、杏仁体中的绿泥石、磁铁矿及火山玻璃中。风化玄武岩、玄武岩斜坡地下水及新鲜玄武岩浸泡液的地球化学研究结果表明,FeO及Fe2O3含量对峨眉山玄武岩风化程度的敏感性明显高于其他组分,同时铁又是玄武岩风化过程中活动性最差的元素之一。三价铁和二价铁的摩尔数比值（FF）适合于峨眉山玄武岩整个风化过程的风化程度判别,比既有风化指数具有更高的分辨率,尤其是对风化初期玄武岩。 相似文献
18.
发育完整的灰岩风化壳及其矿物学和地球化学特征 总被引：25，自引：5，他引：20
对于碳酸盐岩土覆土壤成因、尽管碳酸盐岩风化残积成土说被多数学者认同,但由于碳酸盐岩中酸不溶物含量极低,在风化成土过程中会伴随着巨大的体积缩小变化,原岩结构和半风化带无法保留,从而缺失了探索上覆土壤物质来源的重要中间环节,使得这种观点缺乏野外宏观证据的支持。最近,我们在贵州、湖南等地发现了数个以泥质灰岩和泥质白云岩为基岩的碳酸盐岩风化壳剖面,尚保留有较好的原岩结构,具有明显的风化壳分带和过渡现象。这些风化壳剖面的发现为深入研究碳酸盐岩风化成土过程提供了良好的研究场所。本文选取了较为典型的吉首泥灰岩风化壳剖面,从矿物学地球化学的角度来探讨碳酸盐岩风化壳的形成过程和发育特征,结果表明该风化壳既遵循非碳酸盐岩（主要是结晶岩类）风化壳的发育特征,也具有自己独特的地球化学演化规律。风化壳总体特点受碳酸盐中的酸不溶物矿物组合及化学成分的影响甚至控制,风化非碳酸盐风壳相似的发育特征。吉首泥灰岩风化壳剖面的发育特征和作者早先提出 的碳酸盐岩风化成土的两阶段模式是一致的,即以碳酸盐矿物大量淋失、酸不溶物逐渐堆积或残积为特征的早期阶段和残积物进一步风化成土的阶段,后一阶段的演化类似非碳酸盐岩类的风化过程。 相似文献
19.
文章基于15个剖面,采用土壤学使用的风化成壤强度指数(游离铁FeD/全铁FeT),对黄土高原S0,L1,S1,S4,S5-1层位的风化成壤强度的空间变化进行研究,并与磁化率反映的特征进行对比。结果表明,冰期(黄土层)和间冰期(古土壤层)的风化成壤强度均呈现由东南向西北减弱的特征,与现代季风气候的基本格局一致。然而,冰期时(以L1为代表)整个黄土高原南北气候梯度很弱,间冰期南北气候梯度远大于冰期,反映了冰期时夏季风环流对黄土高原影响很小,南北气候梯度更多体现了气候带的纬度效应。结果同时表明,间冰期时黄土高原地区风化成壤强度和南北气候梯度不具严格的对应关系。S1和S5-1指示了当时较强的夏季风环流,冬季风的影响相对亦较强,而S0和S4发育时期高原南北风化成壤强度的梯度明显减小,反映了当时黄土高原在夏季风影响的背景下,冬季风的影响亦减弱,导致南北梯度的减小。因此,黄土高原风化成壤强度的空间变化指示了冬、夏季风环流不同的消长关系,对研究高低纬度气候驱动力的相互作用具有重要意义。 相似文献
20.
道地药材生长与生态地球化学研究对实现中医药科学化和标准化具有重要意义。从承德市滦河流域与金沟屯和五道岭典型研究区阐明区域尺度和不同地质建造区Ge元素地球化学背景特征,结合多元统计采用基于Nb元素的质量迁移系数、化学蚀变指数CIA和残积系数RF、生物富集系数论述Ge元素在基岩-风化壳-土壤-黄芩系统中的迁移聚集规律,探讨Ge元素生态地球化学特征与道地药材黄芩的适生关系。结果表明：滦河流域表层土壤Ge元素平均含量为1.336 mg·kg-1,43.54%土壤样品Ge元素含量属丰富—较丰富水平;金沟屯和五道岭区表层土壤Ge元素平均含量分别为1.352 mg·kg-1和1.268 mg·kg-1。不同地质建造和表层土壤Ge元素含量与TFe2O3含量显著相关,土壤含铁矿物对Ge元素具有吸附作用。Ge元素含量随岩土风化程度升高而增大,金沟屯区土壤风化程度高于五道岭区,土壤成熟度相对较高,Ge元素富集程度相对较高。岩石风化过程中Ge元素与TFe2O3、V、Ti、Co、P、Pb、Cu、Zn、Al2O3、SiO2、K2O、Na2O质量迁移系数值相近,风化土壤与新鲜基岩Si和Ge含量发生明显分异,Ge元素主要来源于硅酸盐矿物风化过程中晶格破裂和金属硫化物矿物风化释放。金沟屯和五道岭黄芩Ge元素BCF平均值分别为0.014和0.020,黄芩根部对土壤Fe与Ge的吸收表现出明显的协同作用,土壤pH影响着Ge元素形态和生物有效性。区域土壤丰富的Fe、P和Sr元素含量为优质黄芩生长提供了有利条件;Fe族元素含量丰富,pH呈微碱性的沙壤质土壤为道地药材黄芩适宜生长和定向栽培种植区。 相似文献