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1.
安徽庐枞盆地龙桥铁矿床中钴的赋存状态和空间分布规律 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
中国东部的长江中下游、莱芜、邯邢和临汾等矿集区中发育大量的矽卡岩型铁矿床,其中普遍伴生钴,部分矿床估算伴生钴资源量大于1万t,达到中型钴矿床的规模。已有研究表明,中国东部富钴矽卡岩型铁矿床的成矿时代相同,成矿特征相似,均为中国东部130Ma大规模成矿作用的产物,反映较大规模的铁钴成矿作用受统一的动力学背景控制。钴与其他伴生组分一样,其工业价值主要不取决于矿石中钴的含量,而取决于钴的赋存状态,因此开展矽卡岩型铁矿床中钴的赋存状态和分布规律研究具有重要的理论和实践意义。龙桥矽卡岩型铁矿床位于长江中下游成矿带,是目前发现的成矿带内伴生钴含量最高的矿床。矿床主矿体长1000m,成矿岩体位于矿体中部,黄铁矿分布范围广,距离岩体中心不同距离均有分布,是研究矽卡岩型铁矿床中钴赋存状态和空间分布规律的理想对象。本次研究在龙桥铁矿床勘探巷道-370m平面自西向东采集了9件含黄铁矿样品,黄铁矿主要呈浸染状-细脉状交代磁铁矿。研究表明,龙桥铁矿床中钴主要赋存在黄铁矿和磁铁矿中,其次为独立钴矿物(主要为辉砷钴矿)。黄铁矿的LA-ICP-MS微区微量元素分析结果表明,龙桥黄铁矿中Co(0.019×10~(-6)～5639×10~(-6))、Ni(0.025×10~(-6)～5798×10~(-6))和As(0.46×10~(-6)～14526×10~(-6))的含量均具有较大的变化范围,黄铁矿总体上具有边缘富钴、核部贫钴的特征,黄铁矿边部的钴含量是核部的100～1000倍。通过对LA-ICP-MS测试数据以及时间分辨率剖面的逐一对比,推测Co主要以类质同象形式替代Fe进入黄铁矿晶格。由于钴在黄铁矿中分布极不均匀,不同空间位置采集的黄铁矿样品中Co含量平均值和变化范围没有明显规律。本文通过类比,提出中国东部矽卡岩型铁矿床中钴矿物可能是普遍存在的,但以前受限于分析测试手段未能发现;如何在选矿过程中分离富集钴矿物和富钴黄铁矿,是矽卡岩型铁矿床硫精粉中钴回收利用的关键。 相似文献
2.
新疆尼勒克县松湖铁矿床黄铁矿的特征和微量元素地球化学 总被引：14，自引：3，他引：11
松湖铁矿床位于阿吾拉勒地区东部,矿体呈层状产在石炭系阿吾拉勒组火山岩-火山碎屑岩建造中。微量元素地球化学特征显示,松湖铁矿床赋矿围岩形成于岛弧构造环境。松湖铁矿床含有草莓黄铁矿、他形-半自形黄铁矿（含有大量黄铁矿化生物遗骸）和钴黄铁矿三种不同成因的黄铁矿。铁成矿前沉积成因草莓黄铁矿受成矿热液影响发生重结晶,其钴含量及Co/Ni比值明显增大。铁成矿期的他形-半自形黄铁矿和伴生的黄铁矿化生物遗骸具有相对较高的钴含量和Co/Ni比值,显示其成矿流体与火山活动有密切的成因联系,松湖铁矿床后期叠加了铜-钴矿化作用,形成了大量的黄铜矿和钴黄铁矿。钴黄铁矿的钴含量＞1%,Co/Ni比值＞26,显示该矿床铜、钴的富集过程与后期火山作用有关,该矿床是一个与火山岩有关的沉积型铁矿床,其形成温度为270~325℃。 相似文献
3.
三王村黄铁矿是产于邯邢式铁矿分布区煤系之中较为特殊的一类硫矿床,其中伴生钴、铜等有益元素,具有某些独特的矿床特征。探讨其成矿条件,对丰富黄铁矿床成矿理论及指导该区找矿实践,具有现实意义。笔者自始至终参与该矿床的普查勘探工作,现将其成果整理成文,供同行参考。 相似文献
4.
钴是中国极度短缺的关键矿产资源,我国矿床中报道的钴资源量大部分以伴生形式产出,因此估算伴生钴资源量及评价其综合利用前景十分必要。长江中下游成矿带铁矿床、铜矿床及硫铁矿床中普遍伴生钴,但不同类型矿床中钴资源特征及差异、钴资源量及可利用性评价等研究尚未开展。目前大部分矿山伴生钴综合利用水平较低,钴资源浪费严重。本文通过全面收集整理近年来长江中下游成矿带相关研究资料,系统总结了成矿带不同类型矿床中钴的赋存状态,阐明钴在各类矿床中的富集特征,并估算了伴生钴资源量,评价了伴生钴的可利用性。研究结果表明,长江中下游成矿带铁矿床和硫铁矿床中主要载钴矿物为黄铁矿,少量为磁黄铁矿、磁铁矿等;铜矿床中载钴矿物以黄铁矿、黄铜矿为主,少量为磁黄铁矿、斑铜矿等;独立钴矿物在各类矿床中均有报道,主要有辉砷钴矿、硫铜钴矿、铁硫砷钴矿、硫镍钴矿、辉钴矿、斜方砷钴矿等。钴在铁、铜和硫铁矿床中发生了不同程度富集,其中矽卡岩型铁矿床中钴较为富集,总体达到了伴生钴边界品位;矽卡岩型铜矿床中的钴多数接近或达到伴生钴边界品位,少数未达到伴生钴边界品位;玢岩型铁矿床、斑岩型铜矿床、矽卡岩型和玢岩型硫铁矿床中钴的富集程度低,普遍未达... 相似文献
5.
钴是高温合金、电池材料、防腐材料、磁性材料等重要原料,广泛应用于航空航天、电子电器、机械制造、汽车、化工农业、陶瓷等领域,在国民经济和社会发展中具有特殊的意义。特别是从移动电子设备,到新能源汽车的动力电池,再到电网储能,钴作为锂电池正极材料——钴酸锂的重要组成,都是不可或缺。因此,钴被世界上众多国家列为21世纪重要的关键战略资源(Gulley et al., 2018)。现今我国是世界上最大的钴资源进口国(95%依靠进口)和消费国(US Geological Survey, 2018),而且钴资源紧缺,保障程度低(蒋少涌等,2019;许德如等,2019)。因此,在复杂的国际政治和经济形势下,摸清我国钴资源的家底,增强我国钴矿资源供应保障程度,对我国国民经济发展和国家安全保障具有重要的战略意义。我国钴矿床类型多样,包括岩浆铜镍硫化物型、红土风化型、沉积砂岩型、热液型(如沉积喷流型、矽卡岩型、斑岩型、IOCG型等)(王辉等,2019;许德如等,2019;卢宜冠等,2020)。然而,与世界上钴矿资源相比,我国钴矿规模小、品位低,大部分钴矿为伴生矿,钴多作为副产品回收利用,主要伴生铜、镍金属产出,其次伴生铜铁矿床。其中,矽卡岩型矿床是我国伴生钴矿的一种重要类型,富钴矽卡岩矿床主要发育在东昆仑地区、长江中下游和冈底斯地区。目前,关键金属元素在自然界的矿物和岩石中赋存状态研究已广泛开展,但在矿山尾矿中的赋存状态和可回收利用性研究则相对薄弱。基于山东省新一轮找矿突破战略行动及鲁西地区矽卡岩型铁矿尾矿综合利用程度低等背景,为有效发挥尾矿二次资源的作用,摸清尾矿中伴生的矿产资源的可利用性,本次选取山东省莱芜垂阳铁矿床开展了尾矿中伴生矿产资源的综合利用评价工作,大致查明垂阳铁矿尾矿中可利用伴生资源类型、赋存状态及推荐选矿工艺。通过铁矿尾矿中伴生矿产资源综合利用评价工作,对提高山东矽卡岩型铁矿床中矿产资源综合利用水平,提升战略性矿产资源安全保障能力,助力山东省新一轮找矿突破战略行动具有重要意义。 相似文献
6.
铝土矿中伴生有Li、Ga、V、Cr、REE、Sc、Co、Ni、Nb、Zr、W等关键金属.黔中猫场铝土矿是我国最大的隐伏铝土矿矿床,已发现伴生有镓、钪和锂等关键矿产资源,然而对硫铁矿中可能伴生的关键金属尚未引起足够的重视,本文系统开展了猫场杨家洞矿段中不同类型含矿岩系及矿石中黄铁矿的精细矿物学工作.结果表明,杨家洞矿段黄铁矿具有复杂的结构和成因,可分为沉积黄铁矿(PyⅠ)和热液黄铁矿(PyⅡ)等2大成因.前者以草莓状或细粒结构为特征;后者从早到晚进一步划分为3个世代:PyⅡ-1、PyⅡ-2和PyⅡ-3,其中PyⅡ-2呈不规则状交代或增生于PyⅡ-1颗粒的边部,PyⅡ-3呈脉状或网脉状切穿早期的黄铁矿.电子探针分析结果表明,PyⅡ-2具有明显高于其他世代黄铁矿的Co和As含量,分别高达9.31％和2.98％,揭示猫场硫铁矿中钴元素的富集与后期热液活动密切相关.Co与Fe明显的负相关性反映Co主要以类质同象的方式赋存于黄铁矿晶格内,PyⅡ-2和PyⅡ-1截然的接触界线和不同的化学成分暗示富钴黄铁矿PyⅡ-2主要由耦合的溶解-再沉淀作用形成.猫场铝土矿中富钴黄铁矿的发现为猫场矿区硫铁矿的综合回收利用乃至黔中地区铝土矿中伴生关键金属类型找矿提供了新的方向. 相似文献
7.
砷方硫钻矿是自然界首次发现的方硫钴矿的含砷亚种.砷方硫钴矿产在海南石碌矿区北一钴铜矿体中.该矿体呈层状或似层状分布在铁矿体之下,呈平行叠置,其基本产状受石碌群控制,仅在石碌群第二层和第六层见有钴铜矿化.含矿岩石主要为透闪石大理岩、结晶灰岩和白云岩.岩石经受强烈的绿泥石化、滑石化和蛇纹石化等蚀变.砷方硫钴矿是北一钴铜矿体中种类繁多的钴矿物之一,与之共生和伴生的含钴矿物有十多种:辉钴矿、辉砷钴镍矿、钴黄铁矿(15～20wt%Co)、含钴黄铁矿(1～15 相似文献
8.
9.
钴在地壳中的克拉克值为18ppm。自然界中已知有100多种钴矿物和含钴矿物,但真正有工业价值的钴矿物不到10种,同时钴矿物种类又比含钴矿物少。近年来我国虽发现一些钴矿床,但某些矿床中的含钴黄铁矿常是提取钴金属的重要矿物原料之一。因此,研究含钴黄铁矿不但具有成因矿物学及钴地球化学的意义,而且还能对各类矿石选冶工艺提供理论数据,对充分合理利用矿产资源具有重要价值。本文就含钴黄铁矿特征、成因意义、钴在黄铁矿中的存在形式及其工业价值予以探讨。 相似文献
10.
山东莱芜张家洼铁矿赋存于矿山弧形背斜倾没端,已查明平炉富矿资源储量7 060×104t,伴生组分铜金属资源储量217 256.1t,钴金属资源储量48 548.3t。根据平炉富矿、伴生组分铜钴主要分布在假整合面及其复合部位,以及赋存在本溪组中的矿床（体）铁（铜）硫特高的特点,认为矿质与月门沟群本溪组中的山西式铁矿以及铁铝页岩层位中Fe,Cu,Co元素的高背景值有关。山西式铁矿和铁铝页岩层位或因热液作用就地改造叠加,在假整合面及附近形成复合矿体,并局部构成平炉富矿和伴生的铜、钴资源;或因构造沟通,被活化迁移至接触带与围岩中,产生双交代渗滤作用,形成接触带及附近的复合矿体,并构成少量平炉富矿与伴生的铜、钴资源。因此,山西式铁矿和本溪组铁铝页岩是平炉富矿和伴生组分铜、钴的重要物质来源。 相似文献
11.
Trace-element characteristics of different pyrite types in Mesoarchaean to Palaeoproterozoic placer deposits 总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7
Nikola Koglin Hartwig E. Frimmel W. E. Lawrie Minter Helene Brätz 《Mineralium Deposita》2010,45(3):259-280
A comparative in situ LA-ICP MS trace-element study on pyrite from three different, variably auriferous, Archaean to Palaeoproterozoic
palaeoplacer deposits in the Ouro Fino Syncline (Quadrilátero Ferrífero; Brazil), the Elliot Lake area north of Lake Huron
(SE Canada) and several deposits within the Witwatersrand Basin (South Africa) revealed systematic differences between morphologically
different pyrite types and between the various palaeoplacer deposits. Especially the Ni and Au concentrations as well as Co/Ni
and Mo/Ni ratios were found to be systematically different in detrital compact, detrital porous and post-sedimentary/hydrothermal
pyrite grains from different source areas. High Co/Ni ratios and low Au concentrations are typical of post-sedimentary pyrite,
which is hydrothermal in origin. In contrast, relatively low Co/Ni ratios and high Au contents characterise detrital porous
banded and concentric pyrite grains (Au > 1 ppm), which are syn-sedimentary in origin. In the Elliot Lake area and the Witwatersrand
Basin, detrital compact rounded pyrite is characterised by high Co/Ni ratios, which is in agreement with derivation from a
hydrothermal source. Low Au concentrations in this pyrite type support the contention of the gold and the pyrite in these
deposits coming from different source rocks. In contrast, derivation from an originally diagenetic pyrite is suggested for
the detrital compact pyrite in the Ouro Fino Syncline because of low to intermediate Co/Ni ratios. High Au contents may indicate
a genetic relationship between pyrite and gold there. Systematic differences exist between the three areas with respect to
Au, Ni, Co, Mo and Cu distributions in detrital pyrite, which reflects differences in the provenance. A predominantly mafic/ultramafic
source is indicated for the Ouro Fino, a felsic source for the Elliot Lake, and a mixed felsic–mafic provenance for the Witwatersrand
pyrite populations. Independently of pyrite type, the higher Au endowment of the studied Witwatersrand and Ouro Fino conglomerates
are also reflected by an overall higher Au concentration in the respective pyrite grains compared to the relatively Au-poor
samples from Elliot Lake. In general, a strong positive correlation between Au and Pb levels in the various pyrite grains
is noted. Analogous to Pb, which is well known for not being easily accommodated in the pyrite crystal lattice but occurring
as discrete PbS phases, Au is considered to be present mainly in the form of discrete Au phases in minute pores and interstices
of the pyrite grains rather than within the pyrite lattice. 相似文献
12.
在金的伴生矿物中,黄铁矿在托里金矿床中是非常丰富的矿物。它不仅在数量上占优势,而且在本矿床中黄铁矿还以部分自然金的载体出现在矿化带中,所以对黄铁矿进行较为详细的研究是有实际意义的。另外,本矿床为一新型的金矿床——蛇绿岩型金矿,就其黄铁矿来说,无论是矿物学的特点或是地球化学特点都具有本类型矿床的独特性质,例如本黄铁矿中有CO/Ni<1、Au/Ag>1的特点。再者,托里金矿有两个成矿带,而黄铁矿在这两个成矿带中又有不同的特点,这是由于这两个成矿带不同的成矿环境所造成的。 相似文献
13.
滇东南马关都龙是一个以锡锌为主,共-伴生铟、铜、铅、钨、铁、银等多种元素的锡锌多金属超大型矿床。虽然前人从矿物学、矿床地球化学、年代学等不同角度开展了较多的研究,该矿床锡锌多金属矿化为燕山晚期岩浆热液活动的产物已是不争的事实,但关于该矿床是否存在热水沉积作用及其与锡锌多金属成矿作用的关系依然存在较大争议。本文选取都龙矿区广泛存在的黄铁矿作为主要研究对象,在矿相学基础上利用LA-ICPMS对不同阶段黄铁矿的微量元素组成开展了系统的研究。野外及显微鉴定结果表明,矿区存在四种类型(期次)的黄铁矿,即:鲕状黄铁矿Py1;穿切或交代Py1的细脉状黄铁矿Py2;与闪锌矿等硫化物共生的自形黄铁矿Py3;包裹早期黄铁矿或闪锌矿等硫化物的他形黄铁矿Py4。LA-ICPMS分析结果表明,该矿床黄铁矿中富集多种微量元素,其中Co、Ni、As、Ge等元素以类质同象的形式存在黄铁矿晶格中,而其余元素多以显微矿物包体形式赋存于黄铁矿中。上述四期黄铁矿微量元素组成存在较大差别,Py1相对富集Zn和As,而其余微量元素含量较低,Co与Ni含量较低,Co/Ni比值远低于1.00,其微量元素组成与典型沉积作用形成黄铁矿基本一致; Py2与Py1具有相似的微量元素组成特征,其Co/Ni比值接近Py1变化范围; Py3和Py4除富集Zn、As外,Mn、Co、Ni、Cu、Sb、Pb、Bi元素含量也相对较高,其Co/Ni比值相对较高,多大于1,与典型岩浆热液型黄铁矿微量元素组成相似,而与沉积型黄铁矿差异明显。结合各阶段黄铁矿产出地质特征,对比不同类型黄铁矿微量元素组成,本研究认为:Py1鲕状黄铁矿为热水沉积作用形成; Py2为Py1变质改造形成的细脉状黄铁矿,其微量元素继承了Py1; Py3为岩浆热液活动形成的自形黄铁矿; Py4为岩浆热液活动晚期形成的他形黄铁矿,Ag和Bi组成作为区分不同成因类型黄铁矿的化学指标的潜力。矿区早期沉积作用形成鲕状黄铁矿过程可能为后期成矿作用提供了部分硫源及少量Zn等成矿物质,海西-印支期区域变质改造作用对矿区成矿作用影响不大,而燕山晚期岩浆热液活动才是矿区锡多金属大规模成矿作用的主导因素。 相似文献
14.
Macroscopic pyrite crystals originating from a variety of geologic settings were made into thick sections. Electrical properties were measured with a Hall system, and minor element composition was analyzed with laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectroscopy (LA-ICPMS). Selected thick sections were oxidized in a moist air environment inside a glove chamber. The relative metal content of surface products formed during oxidation was analyzed by LA-ICP-MS. Natural pyrite exhibits a range of electrical properties corresponding to the content of the common minor elements Co, As and Ni. These properties are similar to those of synthetic pyrite doped with single elements. Pyrite enriched in Co is an n-type semiconductor with low resistivity and high carrier mobility, while arsenian pyrite tends to be p-type and have higher resistivity. The effect of Ni is weaker and tends to be obscured by Co and As in samples of mixed composition. Cobalt demonstrates the strongest effect on electrical properties. Enrichment of Co at oxidized pyrite surfaces is inversely correlated with its concentration in the underlying pyrite. Cobalt enrichment in oxidation products is also more pronounced along crystal defects such as fractures, and in crystals with heterogeneous distribution of trace elements. These observations might be explained by differences in the electronic structure of pyrite arising from the presence of impurities, and by the distribution of domains with different impurity compositions, facilitating electron transfer. 相似文献
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Trace element distribution,Co:Ni ratios and genesis of the big cadia iron-copper deposit,new south wales,australia 总被引：9，自引：0，他引：9
Analyses of pyrite, chalcopyrite and magnetite from the volcanic-hosted Big Cadia stratabound iron-copper deposit in Central Western New South Wales show considerable variation in the minor elements Mn, Ba, Ag, Pb, Zn, Cd, Se, Co and Ni. The preferential concentration of Co and Cd in pyrite, Zn and Ag in chalcopyrite and Mn in magnetite can be attributed to variations in activities of the ions in the hydrothermal fluid at the time of crystallisation of the mineral phases, or in cases such as the concentration of Co in pyrite, dependent on compatible electronic spin states between Co2+ and Fe2+. Trace element concentrations, especially Co and Ni contents and Co:Ni ratios in pyrite (average Co:Ni ratio=17.1) support a volcanic exhalative origin of mineralisation at Big Cadia. Differences in trace element composition such as higher Ni contents in pyrite in contrast with other volcanic-hosted ores may reflect the more basic character of volcanic rocks underlying the Big Cadia deposit. 相似文献
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论文给出了中国浙江火山岩区金矿床中黄铁矿的微量元素、形态和物理性质找矿标型特征.例如.(在许多)浙江火山岩区重要金-银矿床中黄铁矿相对富含铅、锌、钼、锡、砷、锑、铋而贫钴,镍、硒、碲:并且S/Se、Ag/Au、Pb/Ni、Se/Te、(As+sb+Bi)/(Se+Te)比值较高,Co/Nj、Ag/Pb、Ag/Zn、Cu/Zn和(Co+Ni)/(Pb+Zn)比值较低,再如含金黄铁矿比不含金黄铁矿的反射率低.总之,黄铁矿的标型性研究对于寻找金矿具有重大的理论意义和实际意义. 相似文献
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黄铁矿在自然环境中极易发生氧化,造成严重生态环境问题。为了研究自然条件下不同粒度和晶形黄铁矿化学成分的差异对黄铁矿氧化速率的影响,本文对巴达铜金矿床黄铁矿进行了LA- ICP- MS原位主微量元素分析和矿物面扫描分析。测试结果表明粗粒黄铁矿S、Fe含量较高,成分更纯;微量元素As、Co、Ni和Pb、Cu、Zn分别以类质同象方式和包裹体形式更多地存在于细粒黄铁矿中,二者均能促使细粒黄铁矿氧化速率加快;粗粒黄铁矿中Cr和Ti元素含量较高,其氧化后生成致密氧化膜可抑制黄铁矿被进一步氧化。本文认为对于本矿床中粗粒黄铁矿和细粒黄铁矿氧化污染问题应采用两种不同的治理措施,对于不易被氧化的粗粒黄铁矿,使其处于常温常压的干燥避光环境中即可防止发生氧化;对于易氧化的细粒黄铁矿,其氧化产物造成污染对环境压力较大,应采用源头治理和末端治理相结合的措施进行处理,以达到更科学的治理效果。 相似文献
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19.
The Xikeer mafic granulite xenoliths are hosted by a Cenozoic basanite sill (∼20 Ma) in the northwest Tarim Basin, northwest
China. Sulfides, identified in these xenoliths consist mainly of pyrite. Two groups of pyrite (types A and B) can be distinguished
based on petrography and trace element geochemistry, as determined by laser-ablation ICP-MS analysis. Type A pyrite is subhedral
and in general has lower trace element abundance than type B pyrite. Type B pyrite is fractured with ragged anhedral morphology
and has extremely high Cu, Tl, Ni, and Co abundance. The low Co and Ni contents combined with a positive correlation between
Cu, Cr, and Pb all indicate that the type A pyrite may have formed from a high-temperature magmatic hydrothermal fluid. In
contrast, the Cu-, Tl-, Ni-, and Co-rich type B pyrite was probably formed in a relatively low-temperature basinal environment.
The Cu mineralization at Xikeer can be explained when Cu, Tl, Ni, and Co were leached from the intruded basanites and subsequently
enriched in circulating basin brines. Such enrichment of Cu in basin brines could provide an important Cu source for the Cu
mineralization in the Xikeer district and other Cenozoic sub-basins in the Tarim Basin. 相似文献
20.
Synthetic pyrite crystals doped with As, Co, or Ni, undoped pyrite, and natural arsenian pyrite from Leadville, Colorado were investigated with electrochemical techniques and solid-state measurements of semiconducting properties to determine the effect of impurity content on pyrite’s oxidation behavior. Potential step experiments, cyclic voltammetry, and AC voltammetry were performed in a standard three-electrode electrochemical cell setup. A pH 1.78 sulfuric acid solution containing 1 mM ferric iron, open to atmospheric oxygen, was chosen to approximate water affected by acid drainage. Van der Pauw/Hall effect measurements determined resistivity, carrier concentration and carrier mobility.The anodic dissolution of pyrite and the reduction of ferric iron half-reactions are taken as proxies for natural pyrite oxidation. Pyrite containing no impurities is least reactive. Pyrite with As is more reactive than pyrite with either Ni or Co despite lower dopant concentration. As, Co, and Ni impurities introduce bulk defect states at different energy levels within the band gap. Higher reactivity of impure pyrite suggests that introduced defect levels lead to higher density of occupied surface states at the solid-solution interface and increased metallic behavior. The current density generated from potential step experiments increased with increasing As concentration. The higher reactivity of As-doped pyrite may be related to p-type conductivity and corrosion by holes. The results of this study suggest that considering the impurity content of pyrite in mining waste may lead to more accurate risk assessment of acid producing potential. 相似文献