共查询到19条相似文献，搜索用时 833 毫秒
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为了安全生产,矿井或采掘工作面瓦斯涌出量较大、采用通风方法解决瓦斯问题不合理时,应抽放瓦斯。瓦斯的抽放方法多种多样,具体采用哪一种方法或几种方法,应该具体问题具体分析。本文分析了芦岭煤矿Ⅱ1048工作面地面瓦斯抽放钻孔的抽排情况,得出如下结论:对于透气率极低的煤层,施工井下钻孔或地面压裂钻孔抽放效果往往不理想;首先开采适当的保护层,并有在开采之前施工地面钻孔抽放瓦斯是行之有效的。这种方法对于其它类似矿区,具有借鉴意义。 相似文献
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目前,在波兰41对主要生产矿井中,有23对高瓦斯矿井进行了瓦斯抽放。2004年瓦斯平均抽放率为30%,平均利用率为39%。根据瓦斯地质条件、瓦斯涌出特点和采区通风方式,着重介绍了波兰煤矿强化煤层、围岩和采空区瓦斯抽放,提高矿井瓦斯抽放效率的工艺技术特点。在工作面的瓦斯排放中,注重开采、通风与瓦斯抽放一体化,通过优化抽放钻孔布置,取得钻孔瓦斯抽放的最佳效果,是波兰煤矿瓦斯治理的一项成功经验,成为煤矿持续安全高效生产的重要技术保障。 相似文献
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针对目前应用较多的瓦斯抽放半径测定方法——相对瓦斯压力测定法与实际情况偏差较大问题,以神华乌海能源公司平沟煤矿16号低透气性高瓦斯煤层为研究对象,在井下1606工作面施工瓦斯抽放试验钻孔,采用SF6气体示踪法测定工作面瓦斯的抽放半径,并比较了不同抽放半径的瓦斯抽放效果。实测结果表明,SF6气体示踪法所测定的瓦斯抽放半径使瓦斯抽采效率显著提高,该方法为煤层预抽瓦斯钻孔间距的设计提供了依据,可以在低透气性高瓦斯煤层的瓦斯抽放半径测定中推广使用。 相似文献
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针对煤层碎软、渗透性低、工作面瓦斯抽采难度大且效率低的问题，提出两端对接分段压裂顶板水平井组的工作面瓦斯抽采全覆盖模式。选取淮北煤田宿县矿区某矿井为例，依据研究区地应力与工作面展布特征，结合研究区内瓦斯地质条件及煤层力学性质分析，利用交叉偶极子声波测井方法优选水平井水平段布置方位，采用Fracpro PT的压裂模拟技术确定水平井水平段距离71煤层的范围，即布置在煤层顶板2 m以内；采用抽采模拟技术对研究区试验工程进行预测，结果显示，抽采3 a后工作面的瓦斯含量和压力都大幅度降低，达到了工作面瓦斯抽采全覆盖的要求。提出的抽采模式为国内类似地质条件煤矿地面瓦斯高效抽采提供一种手段。 相似文献
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高瓦斯矿井"U"型通风工作面采空区上隅角容易积聚瓦斯。以渗流理论为基础,根据气体扩散定律和质量守恒定律,建立了顶板走向钻孔抽放采空区瓦斯流场数学模型,并用6点隐式有限差分法进行了求解。以VB6.0为平台,利用工程软件SURFER模拟了抽放钻孔周围瓦斯压力场,并在现场进行了工业试验。理论研究与现场实践均表明:顶板走向钻孔抽放采空区瓦斯是解决高瓦斯工作面上隅角瓦斯积聚的一种行之有效的措施;顶板裂隙程度和状态是影响瓦斯抽放量的主要因素,将钻孔布置在适当的裂隙带中,瓦斯抽放浓度可达30%～90%,抽放负压可达50～55 kPa;数值模拟方法研究采空区瓦斯运移等工程实际问题是可行的。 相似文献
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铁法矿区高瓦斯矿井瓦斯抽取技术 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
铁法矿区８对生产矿井，１对建设矿井，都是高沼气矿井，其中大兴矿为煤与瓦斯突出矿井。矿区煤层赋存稳定，属近距离缓倾斜煤层群，含煤１７层，煤层瓦斯含量高，储量达２８２．８８亿ｍ＾３，是煤安全生产重大隐患。铁法局以抽放瓦斯作为治理瓦斯的治本手段，全局建有１０套抽放系统抽放方法８种，其中具有世界煤层气开采先进技术两种，采用和矿井抽放率分别达３０％和２５％以上，１９９５年抽取瓦斯２２１１万ｍ＾３，供２．２万 相似文献
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为了事先确定下保护层开采时不同钻孔层位的抽放效果,构建了包含3种不同高低位置钻孔的三维采场模型。利用FLUENT软件求解渗流扩散方程得到了"Y"型通风工作面采空区瓦斯的空间分布情况,并对不同位置钻孔抽放效果进行比较。结果表明:两个进风巷附近瓦斯浓度最低,沿走向瓦斯浓度向采空区深部逐渐升高,瓦斯整体有上浮趋势,在据工作面后沿空留巷侧上部积聚大量高浓度瓦斯。高位穿层钻孔周围瓦斯浓度降低明显,抽放浓度和影响范围优于低位钻孔。经立体抽采后,留巷处附近瓦斯富集区范围缩小,瓦斯重新分布效应明显。研究结论同现场监测记录保持一致,具有类似近距离下保护层开采工作面,应考虑以高位钻孔为主的抽放布局。 相似文献
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Bedding structure has affected gas flow in coal seam greatly, which also controls gas permeation direction and gas extraction results, and finally it has tremendous influence on prevention and control of gas disaster accidents. Combined with engineering practice of gas disaster prevention and control in China, in this paper, permeability evolution of nature coal in different bedding directions in the condition of loading is studied, and the results showed that in three directions of bedding fractures, permeability of coal which is parallel to bedding planes is the highest; it would be much easier for gas percolation along the bedding planes than other directions. In the unloading process, tension–shear destruction appears in coal sample which is oblique to bedding along the bedding planes, with a sudden increase in permeability. It is difficult for the crack damage from loading process to recover in unloading process, that is, permeability of unloading isn’t just a simple reverse process of loading. Combined with the permeability evolution of the three coal samples in the whole process, three permeability evolution models which include elasticity, plasticity and fracture are proposed. Based on the experimental results, gas extraction using boreholes along coal seam and through coal seam is compared during depressurized mining. Due to the bedding structure of coal seam, a large area of fracture network of “boreholes–bedding fractures” is formed among boreholes through coal seam and bedding structure, which makes the good effect of gas extraction using boreholes through coal seam. Research results will be of important guiding significance for choosing the best gas extraction scheme, layout of setting parameters of drilling boreholes and gas disaster prevention in the underground coal mine. 相似文献
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Xiang Cheng Guangming Zhao Yingming Li Xiangrui Meng Chunliang Dong Zenghui Liu 《Arabian Journal of Geosciences》2018,11(12):326
In the absence of a suitable coal seam to serve as the protective seam in deep mining, an innovative solution of using the soft rock seam as the protective seam mining has been put forward. Taking the Luling Coal Mine as the engineering background, theoretical analysis and similar simulation experiment were conducted to study the key technologies used in soft rock protective seam (SRPS) mining. This included the characteristics of the pressure-relief gas source and accumulation zone, and the pressure-relief gas extraction of the protected seam. The results show that after mining the SRPS, the pressure-relief gas rushing out of nearby coal seams has become the major gas source in SRPS mining. An omni-directional stereo pressure-relief gas extraction system was developed, which consisted of techniques such as buried pipes in the goaf, ground extraction wells, intercepting boreholes, and seam-crossing boreholes. During the investigation, the total pressure-relief gas extraction flow amounted to 29.5 m3/min, and the gas pre-extraction rate reached 66.6% for the overlying protected seams (seams 8 and 9). The investigation into the protective effects in the cut hole showed that the maximal gas pressure and content were 0.35 MPa and 4.87 m3/t, respectively. This indicated that drilling extraction boreholes in the gas accumulation zone played a key role in obtaining an improved pressure-relief gas extraction effect. Further, these findings suggested that SRPS mining (in combination with omni-directional stereo pressure-relief gas extraction technology) could turn dangerous coal seams into ones with much less gas content, and hence free from gas outburst. 相似文献
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煤层气井多煤层合采效果研究为煤炭安全、井下瓦斯治理、确定开发技术指标、单井配产、合理划分开发层系、煤层气高效开发以及制定中长期煤层气开发规划具有很好的参考价值。以晋城成庄矿区为例,将开发中后期排采效果检验井含气量等数据与邻近井原始含气量进行对比,分析3、9和15煤各煤层含气量在合层排采后的变化特征,以评价排采效果;并结合地质资料及现场排采动态进一步分析影响各煤层排采效果的主控因素。综合分析认为,成庄矿区经过多年地面煤层气多层合采,下部15号煤层比上部3号和9号煤层含气量降低更快。分析其原因认为成庄矿区15号煤层含气量降低较快的主要影响因素包括煤层渗透率、供液能力、储层压力及排采制度等。研究结果为剩余储量预测提供可靠的科学依据。 相似文献
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小煤窑越界开采是我国煤炭行业极为普遍的现象。由于越界开采范围、积水量等条件不明,老空水严重威胁着毗邻大型煤矿的安全采掘工作。为快速准确地探查小煤窑越界开采边界并预防老空水的威胁,运用地面定向钻孔轨迹可控、定位精确的特点,提出了以极软中厚煤层精准钻进、不同岩性钻井液配比和采空区井漏预防与封堵为主的极软中厚煤层中地面顺层孔长距离钻进技术,并提出了越界开采区老空水害防治流程。以华北型煤田某煤矿Ⅲ63采区右翼为研究区,应用越界开采区老空水害防治技术体系,通过工程示范准确查明了越界开采边界与越界开采方向,为合理留设矿界防隔水煤柱提供依据。该方法的成功应用为同类矿井的老空水害防治提供了科学的技术,并且为地面顺层孔在探查越界开采边界与极软煤层抽取瓦斯等领域中的应用提供宝贵经验。 相似文献
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针对淮北矿区松软煤巷条带消突采用“底板巷—穿层钻孔”成本高且效率低现状,采用顺层气动定向钻进技术,按钻孔设计精准控制钻孔轨迹于预抽条带煤层中,通过钻孔抽采瓦斯实现煤巷条带消突。根据淮北矿区松软煤层特性,开展煤巷条带预抽瓦斯定向孔设计、气动定向钻进装备选型、软煤定向孔成孔与护孔工艺、抽采效果评价等研究。该技术成功应用于淮北某矿Ⅲ635工作面煤巷条带消突,试验7个孔深均大于300 m钻孔,且全程下筛管,创造两淮软煤矿区顺层钻孔372 m最深记录,成功保障煤巷掘进,减少底板巷和穿层钻孔,为软煤矿区煤巷条带瓦斯高效治理探索出新方法。 相似文献
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Gas outburst disasters and the mining technology of key protective seam in coal seam group in the Huainan coalfield 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
Coal and gas outburst disasters in coal seams are becoming more serious as coal mines extend deeper underground in China. To aid gas control in high-gas outburst coal seam group, this study performed research based on the geological conditions of the Xinzhuangzi coal mine in the Huainan coalfield. The laws of gas occurrence, the strength of the coal outburst, and the regional partition were studied. Simultaneously, we introduced the key protective seam mining technology and confirmed the mining sequence of coal seam groups. The results indicate that (1) each seam absorbs gas well, and the currently measured gas content is up to 15.0 m3/t. (2) Although some differences about coal seams outburst intensity remain, the differences in the same group are very small. (3) The coal seam B10 was chosen as the key protective seam and was mined first; then adjacent seams were mined from bottom to top by layer within the roof of B10 and from top-to-bottom within the floor of B10 to guarantee each adjacent coal seam received the good effects of pressure-relief and increasing permeability. (4) The main methods of gas extraction in each protected seam are surface boreholes and net-like penetrating boreholes in the floor roadway, and related technical parameters were determined according to the degree of pressure-relief in coal seam. This in situ experiment indicates a method aiding the gas control problem and guaranteeing safe and highly efficient exploitation of high-gas outburst seams. 相似文献
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针对碎软煤层瓦斯抽采钻孔存在轨迹不可控、成孔深度浅和瓦斯抽采效果差的问题,分析了现有瓦斯抽采钻孔回转钻进技术瓶颈,集成了基于长距离顺层钻进技术和双动力复合排渣技术的压风定向钻进技术,在此基础上提出了利用压风定向钻进技术,开展碎软煤层区域递进式瓦斯抽采技术。选取黔北煤田中部青龙煤矿21606运输巷道进行现场试验,在坚固性系数为0.37碎软煤层中,施工完成253个顺煤层压风定向钻孔,95%钻孔达到设计孔深,累计进尺超过3万m,单孔瓦斯抽采纯量是普通回转钻孔的10倍以上,单孔瓦斯抽采甲烷体积分数提高约50%以上。试验表明,采用压风定向钻进技术钻进碎软煤层钻孔轨迹可控,成孔率在95%以上,区域递进式瓦斯抽采技术具有无抽采盲区的显著优势,有效缓解了采掘接替紧张局面,提升了矿井瓦斯治理技术水平,为碎软煤层瓦斯治理提供了新的技术途径。 相似文献
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Yi Xue Feng Gao Xingguang Liu Jian Li Mingyi Liang Xiru Li 《Geotechnical and Geological Engineering》2016,34(5):1425-1433
The pertinence and effectiveness of gas extraction for underground coal mining is an important issue for simultaneous exploitation of coal and gas. The key issue is the definition and analysis of mining-enhanced permeability of mining-induced fracture network. In order to describe the permeability evolution process during coal mining, the elasto-plastic damage constitutive model of coal was established. Based on the mining-enhanced permeability model, the effect of damage on permeability was considered, and the expression of mining-enhanced permeability considering damage was obtained. Using rock mechanics testing system and the permeability test system, the permeability test was conducted, and the permeability change law with damage was obtained. Based on the elasto-plastic damage constitutive model and the mining-enhanced permeability of damaged coal, the 3D-finite element program was developed according to the elasto-plastic damage theory, by which the analysis of mining process of one coal seam was made. Then we analyzed the distribution of permeability and mining-enhanced permeability. The result shows that: (1) considering the damage can reflect the influence of mining on fracture network and permeability of coal seam. (2) With the advance of the working face, coal units continue to break and the permeability of the coal seam increases continually. (3) The numerical simulation shows the dynamic evolution process of permeability and mining-enhanced permeability of the coal seam during the mining process. These results can provide quantitative and scientific methods for quantitative evaluation of permeability change of coal seam in mining engineering. 相似文献
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为解决阜康矿区大倾角厚煤层水平井眼轨迹布井方位问题,应用COMET3软件建立储层地质模型并模拟了9种不同方位的水平井眼轨迹的产能潜力。模拟结果显示,水平井眼轨迹沿煤层上倾方向布置时,累计产气量随着井眼轨迹与煤层走向夹角的增加而小幅度降低;沿煤层下倾方向布置时,累计产气量随着井眼轨迹与煤层走向夹角的增加而大幅度降低。研究成果表明:大倾角条件下,高产煤层气水平井的井眼轨迹方位应沿煤层走向布置,或者沿煤层走向小角度向上摆动,阜康矿区西部开发的第一口煤层气水平井的生产结果证明了这一技术方案的可行性,这一研究成果对新疆类似储层地质条件下的煤层气高效开发技术优化具有指导和借鉴意义。 相似文献