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1.
Hyun-Sil Kang Hyun-Ki Hong Kyung-Il Park Moonjae Cho Seok-Hyun Youn Kwang-Sik Choi 《Ocean Science Journal》2017,52(1):139-146
Manila clam Ruditapes philippinarum is one of the most important benthic animals in the coastal north Pacific region, where clam populations have been mixed genetically through trade and aquaculture activities. Accordingly, identification of the genetically different clam populations has become one of the most important issues to manage interbreeding of the local and introduced clam populations. To identify genetically different populations of clam populations, we developed 11 expressed sequence tag (EST)-microsatellite loci (i.e., simple sequence repeat, SSR) from 1,128 clam hemocyte cDNA clones challenged by the protozoan parasite Perkinsus olseni. Genotype analysis using the markers developed in this study demonstrated that clams from a tidal flat on the west coast contained 6 to 19 alleles per locus, and a population from Jeju Island had 4 to 20 alleles per locus. The expected heterozygosity of the 2 clam populations ranged from 0.472 to 0.919 for clams from the west coast, and 0.494 to 0.919 for clams from Jeju Island, respectively. Among the 11 loci discovered in this study, 7 loci significantly deviated from the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium after Bonferroni correction. The 5 loci developed in this study also successfully amplified the SSRs of R. variegatus, a clam species taxonomically very close to R. philippinarum, from Hong Kong and Jeju Island. We believe that the 11 novel polymorphic SSR developed in this study can be utilized successfully in Manila clam genetic diversity analysis, as well as in genetic discrimination of different clam populations. 相似文献
2.
Zhang L Liu X You L Zhou D Wu H Li L Zhao J Feng J Yu J 《Marine environmental research》2011,72(1-2):33-39
Copper is an important heavy metal contaminant with high ecological risk in the Bohai Sea. In this study, the metabolic responses in the bioindicator, Manila clam (Ruditapes philippinarum), to the environmentally relevant copper exposures were characterized using NMR-based metabolomics. The significant metabolic changes corresponding to copper exposures were related to osmolytes, intermediates of the Krebs cycle and amino acids, such as the increase in homarine, branched chain amino acids and decrease in succinate, alanine and dimethylamine in the copper-exposed clam gills during 96 h exposure period. Overall, Cu may lead to the disturbances in osmotic regulation and energy metabolism in clams during 96 h experimental period. These results demonstrate that NMR-based metabolomics is applicable for the discovery of metabolic biomarkers which could be used to elucidate the toxicological mechanisms of marine heavy metal contaminants. 相似文献
3.
金属硫蛋白(Metallothionein,MT)是一类富含半胱氨酸的小分子蛋白质,参与机体重金属解毒和金属元素代谢等生理过程。本研究采用RACE技术,克隆获得了菲律宾蛤仔(Ruditapes philippinarum)金属硫蛋白(RpMT)的全长cDNA序列。RpMT的cDNA全长为570bp,编码75个氨基酸,包含15个MT所特有的Cys-Xn-Cys结构。采用实时荧光定量PCR技术,分析了两种壳色菲律宾蛤仔(白蛤和斑马蛤)RpMT基因在Cd2+暴露后的表达变化。结果发现:Cd2+急性和亚慢性暴露均可导致两种壳色蛤仔消化腺和鳃组织RpMT基因表达量的显著上调;暴露后两种壳色蛤仔鳃组织RpMT基因表达量的增加幅度均高于消化腺组织,且以白蛤鳃组织基因表达水平的上调幅度较高。上述结果表明,RpMT可能在菲律宾蛤仔抵御Cd2+胁迫过程中发挥了重要作用。 相似文献
4.
The Ria Formosa lagoon is an ecosystem whose water quality reflects the anthropogenic influence upon the surrounding areas. In this lagoon, the clam Ruditapes decussatus has a great economical importance and has been widely used as a biomonitor. A multibiomarker approach (δ-aminolevulinic acid dehydratase, metallothionein, lipid peroxidation, acetylcholinesterase, alkali-labile phosphates, DNA damage) was applied to assess the environmental quality of this ecosystem and the accumulation of contaminants and their potential adverse effects on clams. Clams were sampled in different shellfish beds in the period between July 2007 and December 2008 and abiotic parameters (temperature, salinity, pH and dissolved oxygen of seawater and organic matter in the sediment), condition index, metals (Cd, Cu, Zn, Ni, Pb), TBTs and PAHs concentrations were measured in clam tissues. Data was integrated using Principal Component Analyses and biomarker indices: IBR (Integrated Biomarker Response) and HSI (Health Status Index). This multibiomarker approach enabled discrimination of a time and space trend between sites with different degrees of anthropogenic contamination, identifying one of them (site 2) as the most stressful and summer months as the most critical period for clams due to an increase of environmental stress (anthropogenic pressure along with extreme environmental conditions, e.g. temperature, dissolved oxygen, organic matter in the sediments, etc). The selected biomarkers provided an integrated response to assess the environmental quality of the system, proving to be a useful approach when complex mixtures of contaminants occur. 相似文献
5.
AFLP analysis revealed differences in genetic diversity of four natural populations of Manila clam(Ruditapes philippinarum) in China 总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7
LIU Xiangquan BAO Zhenmin HU Jingjie WANG Shi ZHAN Aibin LIU Hui FANG Jianguang WANG Rucai 《海洋学报(英文版)》2007,26(1):150-158
1 IntroductionManila clam (Ruditapes philippinarum) is aworldwide distributed species. In China, it is foundfrom the northern to southern seashores (Wang etal., 1993; Zhuang, 2001). This species is eura-line with the salinity tolerance ranging from 20 to4… 相似文献
6.
Sara Fratini Lorenzo Zane Lapo Ragionieri Marco Vannini Stefano Cannicci 《Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science》2008,79(4):679-686
The “genetic erosion” hypothesis posits that heavy metal stress is related to a loss of genetic diversity at the population level. The genetic diversity of natural populations can, however, be affected by natural processes as well as by human impact. We studied the relationship between heavy metal bioaccumulation and genetic variability in the intertidal crab Pachygrapsus marmoratus. Tissue samples were collected from 40 individuals inhabiting four polluted and four unpolluted sites along the Tuscan coast (Mediterranean basin), and were examined for four heavy metals (arsenic, As, cadmium, Cd, lead, Pb, and copper, Cu). We also assessed the genetic variability of 235 crabs from the same localities using six microsatellite loci.Our results show that the bioaccumulation levels of these individuals accurately reflect the levels of pollution in their immediate environment, and that heavy metals accumulate more in the hepatopancreas than in the gills. Moreover, populations from polluted sites have significantly less genetic variability, measured as mean standardized d2, and a significantly lower percentage of unrelated individuals, than populations from unpolluted sites. This evidence supports the “genetic erosion” hypothesis for metal heavy exposure in natural environments. 相似文献
7.
Guinand B Durieux ED Dupuy C Cerqueira F Bégout ML 《Marine environmental research》2011,71(3):195-206
Growth-related characters, condition factor, and genetic differentiation were investigated for a single cohort of young-of-the-year (YOY) sole within and among nurseries with differing levels of heavy metals (Cd, Cu and Zn) contamination in the two Charentais Straits, Bay of Biscay, France. Analyses were performed when individuals recruited (May), then after a full summer spent in each nursery (October). Levels of phenotypic and genetic diversity were compared, together with genetic differentiation at a candidate metallothionein (MT) locus and three putatively neutral microsatellite loci. No phenotypic or genetic differentiation was detected among nurseries in May, but significant variation at each phenotypic trait and at the multilocus level in October (P < 0.001). Single locus analysis demonstrated that only the MT locus was significantly differentiated among nurseries, whether corrected for null alleles or not (θ=0.0401 and θ(corr.FreeNA)=0.0326, respectively; P < 0.001). Results indicate that phenotypic differences among YOY sole nurseries present a molecular correlate acting at identical spatio-temporal scales among nurseries, potentially reflecting differential selective pressure among nurseries in response to contamination. 相似文献
8.
饵料浓度对菲律宾蛤仔呼吸和排泄的影响 总被引：9，自引：1，他引：9
在26℃水温条件下 ,对体重和饵料浓度对菲律宾蛤仔Ruditapesphilippinarum呼吸和排泄的影响进行了研究。结果表明 ,耗氧量和排氨量随体重的增加而增加 ,而呼吸率和排泄率均随体重的增加而减小。在饵料浓度小于或等于6.43±1.35mg/L,TPM范围内 ,蛤仔呼吸率随着饵料浓度的增大而增大 ,超过这一浓度范围 ,其呼吸率随着饵料浓度的增大而减小。在饵料浓度小于或等于9.25±2.11mg/L,TPM范围内 ,蛤仔排泄率也是随着饵料浓度的增大而增大 ,而超过这一浓度范围 ,其排泄率随着饵料浓度的增大而减小。蛤仔的氧氮比随着饵料浓度的升高而降低 ,说明饵料浓度较高时 ,蛤仔体内蛋白质代谢率增高。 相似文献
9.
利用虾池排出水养殖菲律宾蛤仔的研究 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
本文报道了福建泉州市晋江县金井垦区利用虾池排出水试养匪律宾蛤仔(花蛤)的结果。垦区排水渠道具有丰富的饵料生物和适宜的流水条件,饲养3个月的花蛤个体平均重量从1.5g增至6g。每亩毛产量可达2756kg。体重(W)相对月增长率与体重呈负相关(R_fW=1.028—0.405lnW)。调查结果还表明,这种花蛤养殖方式可大大地降低虾池排出水的有机质含量,从而减轻其邻近内湾的有机质污染压力。 相似文献
10.
Lee Hye-Mi Cho Young-Ghan Jeung Hee-Do Jang Min-Seok Hwang Jee Youn Choi Kwang-Sik 《Ocean Science Journal》2020,55(4):573-579
Ocean Science Journal - As a suspension feeder, Manila clam Ruditapes philippinarum (A. Adams and Reeve 1850) plays a crucial role in the coastal soft bottom ecosystem in the temperate region,... 相似文献
11.
Suze Chora Brian McDonagh David Sheehan Mireille Starita-Geribaldi Michèle Roméo Maria J Bebianno 《Marine environmental research》2008,66(1):95-97
Environmental pollutants, such as metals, are widespread in aquatic environments and can lead to the formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). ROS are highly toxic in marine species since they can cause serious reversible and irreversible changes in proteins including ubiquitination and modifications such as carbonylation. This study aimed to confirm the potential of ubiquitination and carbonylation as markers of oxidative stress in the clam Ruditapes decussatus (Veneroida, Veneridae) exposed to cadmium (40 microg/L). After 21 days of exposure clams were dissected into gills and digestive gland. Cytosolic proteins of both tissues were separated by two-dimensional electrophoresis (2-D SDS-PAGE) and analysed by immunobloting. Higher ubiquitination and carbonylation levels were in digestive gland of contaminated organisms. These results confirm the potential of ubiquitination and carbonylation as a sensitive and specific marker of oxidative stress in marine bivalves. In this approach, changes in protein structure provide options for affinity selection of sub-proteomes for 2D SDS-PAGE, simplifying the detection of protein biomarkers using proteomic approach. 相似文献
12.
辽宁沿海菲律宾蛤仔不同地理群体形态差异研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
利用多变量形态度量学方法,对辽宁沿海菲律宾蛤仔(Ruditapes philippinarum)长兴岛(CXD)、旅顺(LS)、营口(YK)、盘锦(PJ)、锦州(JZH)、海洋岛(HYD)、黑石礁(HSJ)以及金州(JZ)8个野生群体进行形态学比较分析。结果表明:主成分分析得到了3个主成分,贡献率分别为40.21%,19.98%和11.57%,累积贡献率为71.75%。聚类分析结果显示,旅顺群体和锦州群体形态最为接近,而与黑石礁群体差异较大。营口群体的趋异程度最大,长兴岛群体、金州群体和海洋岛群体的趋异程度居中。长兴岛群体壳型最扁,贝壳较厚且重;营口群体软体部最肥;金州群体壳型"凸"型最明显,且质量最大,而黑石礁群体贝壳最薄。这些明显特征揭示了不同群体的形态差异。研究结果为菲律宾蛤仔的地理群体识别、种质资源保护与恢复提供了重要依据。 相似文献
13.
胶州湾双壳类壳体中的Ca,Mg,Mn,Sr元素组成及影响因素 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
探讨影响双壳类元素组成的可能因素,从胶州湾沿岸不同取样点采集黄海近海常见的菲律宾蛤仔(Ruditapesphilippinarum)、褶牡蛎(Oystrea denselamellosa)和紫贻贝(Mytilus galloprovincialis),分别测量了3种壳体的矿物物相类型和壳体中的Ca,Mg,Mn,Sr元素组成。研究表明:3种壳体分别属于文石质、方解石质和混合质壳;Ca,Mn元素含量在菲律宾蛤仔、褶牡蛎和紫贻贝壳体中没有差别,而Mg元素含量在菲律宾蛤仔壳体中含量较低,在褶牡蛎壳体和紫贻贝壳体中含量较高,Sr元素恰好与Mg元素相反。双壳类壳体中元素组成主要受壳体矿物物相类型的制约,而与水体环境要素之间的关系弱。 相似文献
14.
菲律宾蛤仔在高浓度锌铅水体中的金属积累 总被引：13，自引：0，他引：13
双壳类软体的菲律宾蛤仔在高浓度Ｚｎ、ＰＢ（１－９ｍｇ／ｄｍ＾２）实验水体中短期（９６ｈ）暂养。测定了菲律宾蛤仔锶和软体部（除鳃以外的软体部,下同）的Ｚｎ、Ｐｂ含量。单项金属积累实验结果表明,菲律宾蛤仔鳃和软体部Ｚｎ、Ｐｂ含量随实验水体中Ｚｎ、Ｐｂ离子浓度的增加而增加,但鳃对Ｚｎ、Ｐｂ的积累量总是软体部高。这与两各器官的生理特性相一致。鳃是呼吸器官,与水体接触最为频繁,血液流经量大;软体部含内脏和肌 相似文献
15.
The spatial distribution of the larval abundance of the clam Ruditapes philippinarum has been investigated at 65 stations throughout Tokyo Bay on August 2, 2001. The large number of small D-shaped larvae that
were found shortly after hatching in the waters around the Banzu, Futtu, and Sanmaizu-Haneda areas indicates that spawning
populations in these areas probably contribute greatly to the larval supply in the bay. Small larvae also occurred abundantly
around the Yokohama and Ichihara port areas, suggesting that these port regions play a role in the transport of larvae into
Tokyo Bay.
This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
16.
菲律宾蛤仔不同品系斑马蛤的选择反应及现实遗传力 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
对菲律宾蛤仔中的斑马蛤、黑斑马、白斑马三品系进行混合选择,测量了各实验组的壳长,计算了不同品系斑马蛤的选择反应和现实遗传力。结果表明:3个品系的上选组壳长均大于对照组,说明单向上选是行之有效的遗传改良方法。在不同的生长发育阶段,斑马蛤品系的选择反应(R)和现实遗传力(2Rh)出现阶段性变化,从平均水平上看,R在幼虫期为0.688±0.184,稚贝期为0.605±0.214,养成期为0.670±0.120;2Rh在幼虫期为0.392±0.081,稚贝期为0.344±088,养成期为0.380±0.058。从一周年的生长情况来看,三个品系总的R为0.654±0.179,斑马蛤、黑斑马蛤和白斑马蛤品系的R分别为0.655±0.155、0.525±0.116、0.782±0.170;三个品系总的2Rh为0.373±0.070,斑马蛤、黑斑马蛤和白斑马蛤品系的2Rh分别为0.372±0.042、0.300±0.028、0.445±0.031。不同品系间R和2Rh次序为白斑马斑马蛤黑斑马,说明各斑马蛤品系的选择效果是不同的,品系间存在着一定程度的遗传差异。 相似文献
17.
To test if environmental contamination acts as a selection force affecting genetic diversity at the population level, two intertidal invertebrate species, Mytilus galloprovincialis and Balanus glandula, were collected from seven different bay sites in southern California. Collections were made at three relatively pristine 'clean' sites and four 'impacted' sites exposed to heavy industrial or boating activity, and which had previously been identified as having measurable levels of pollution. Genetic diversity at each site was assessed by comparing fragment polymorphisms generated from genomic DNA by randomly amplified polymorphic DNA-polymerase chain reaction (RAPD-PCR). All populations retained a large amount of genetic diversity and were genetically similar to each other. However, several different measures of diversity indicated that, for most primers, the populations of both species from impacted sites had lower genetic diversity compared to those populations from clean sites. Individuals at impacted sites were more likely to share the same haplotypes than were those from clean sites. Few bands seen in the clean sites were absent from the impacted sites or vice versa, but a number of bands in the clean site populations were significantly less common in the impacted populations, while a few bands uncommon in clean site populations were more common at impacted sites. Together, these results suggest that pollution at the impacted sites may reduce genetic diversity among the resident invertebrate populations. 相似文献
18.
广东沿海杂色鲍养殖群体遗传多样性的微卫星分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
实验选取的7个杂色鲍(Haliotis diversicolor)养殖群体分别来自广东汕头、汕尾、惠东、湛江和徐闻,深圳野生驯养,利用7对微卫星引物对上述群体进行了遗传多样性和群体遗传结构的分析。结果显示:7个位点产生的等位基因数从7～13个不等,共检测到68个等位基因,平均每个位点的等位基因数为9.71个。有效等位基因数的范围为3.8～8.1,平均观测杂合度范围为0.422～0.906,平均期望杂合度范围为0.748～0.917。7个群体的多态信息含量变化范围为0.657～0.883,PIC值均在0.500以上,表现为高度多态性。与两个野生驯养的养殖群体相比,其他5个养殖群体均存在不同程度的遗传多样性降低。AMOVA分析显示,4.79%的遗传变异来自于群体之间,95.21%的变异来自于群体内的个体之间。研究表明,广东沿岸的杂色鲍具有较高的遗传多样性水平,7个群体之间呈现一定的遗传分化。 相似文献
19.
Hayes RA Regondi S Winter MJ Butler PJ Agradi E Taylor EW Kevin Chipman J 《Marine environmental research》2004,58(2-5):665-669
Metallothionein has been assayed in a range of aquatic animal tissues as an indicator of metal exposure. We sequenced chub (Leuciscus cephalus) metallothionein cDNA which showed over 90% homology to common carp, goldfish and stone loach and 77% homology to rainbow trout sequences for metallothionein. We then used the extended primer method to develop an accurate quantitative competitive RT-PCR assay for metallothionein mRNA. RT-PCR was used to measure metallothionein mRNA in feral chub from a range of field sites, with different levels of heavy metal pollution, in the West Midlands, UK. Measurements were complemented by analysis of liver and gill metallothionein protein by capillary electrophoresis. There was no significant difference in the metallothionein protein levels between fish of different rivers and there was no evidence of elevation of mRNA at the sites of highest metal exposure. The level of metal exposure (e.g. zinc, nickel and cadmium each ranging between 15 and 28 microg/l ) at the pH (7.5-8.5) of these rivers appears insufficient to elevate hepatic or gill metallothionein in chub. A lack of elevation of hepatic metallothionein mRNA in chub exposed to zinc, copper and manganese for 24 h and 10 days in the laboratory also suggests a non-responsiveness of this species. 相似文献
20.
于1987年和1988年春、秋两季分析测定了胶州湾24种经济生物体内的重金属铜、铅、镉、锌和铬含量。结果表明,受周围污染环境的影响,该湾经济生物体内的锌、铬、铅和铜含量明显高于受排污影响较小的黄海中部海域同种生物体内的含量;不同种类、体长和不同季节生物体内的重金属含量都有较显著差异。本调查还采用在湾内广泛分布且游动能力差的菲律宾蛤仔探讨了不同地点生物体内重金属含量,未发现潮下带蛤仔与距污染源远近有明显关系。鉴于该湾生物体内重金属含量均低于“海洋生物污染评价标准”和“人体消费标准”,可以认为,胶州湾经济生物体的可食部分对人类食用还是安全的。 相似文献