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Patricia M. Clayton Ching‐Yi Tsai Jeffrey W. Berman Laura N. Lowes 《地震工程与结构动力学》2015,44(12):2093-2110
Previous research has shown that self‐centering steel plate shear walls (SC‐SPSWs) are capable of achieving enhanced seismic performance at multiple hazard levels, including recentering following design‐level earthquakes. When modeling SC‐SPSWs numerically, these studies considered an idealized tension‐only steel plate shear wall (SPSW) web plate behavior. Research has shown that web plate behavior is more complex than predicted by the idealized model, and web plates can provide more strength, stiffness, and energy dissipation than predicted by the idealized model. The idealized model of web plate behavior is used widely in SPSW numerical models where the moment‐resisting boundary frame provides supplemental hysteretic damping and stiffness; however, in SC‐SPSWs, where the post‐tensioned boundary frame is designed to remain elastic during an earthquake, accounting for the more complex web plate behavior can have a significant impact on seismic performance estimates from numerical simulation. This paper presents different methods for modeling SC‐SPSWs. Responses from these models are compared with experimental results. A simple modification of the tension‐only model, referred to as the tension‐compression strip model, is shown to provide a reasonable approximation of SC‐SPSW behavior. Results from nonlinear response history analyses of SC‐SPSWs with the tension‐only and tension‐compression web plate models are compared to assess how the approximation of web plate behavior affects SC‐SPSW seismic performance. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
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对两个1/6缩尺的开洞核心筒结构模型进行了偏心水平荷载作用下的低周反复荷载试验研究,其中包括一个普通开洞混凝土核心筒和一个内藏钢桁架开洞混凝土组合核心筒。在试验的基础上,对比分析了两个试件的承载力、刚度、延性、滞回特性、耗能能力、破坏特征以及抗震机理。试验研究表明,在偏心水平荷载作用下,内藏钢桁架开洞混凝土组合核心筒比普通开洞混凝土核心筒抗震能力显著提高。 相似文献
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本文介绍了16根1/2比例的矩形钢管混凝土柱在常轴力和侧向低周反复荷载作用下的抗震性能试验研究，描述了构件的非线性发展过程及破坏形态，研究了不同试验参数（包括柱的轴压比、截面长宽比、含钢率、加载方向等）对矩形钢管混凝土柱抗震性能的影响。本文的工作可为矩形钢管混凝土结构的工程实践及相关标准的编制修订提供参考。 相似文献
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钢管混凝土桥墩抗震性能试验研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为研究钢管混凝土桥墩的抗震性能,对钢管混凝土桥墩和钢筋混凝土桥墩进行了拟静力对比试验研究。根据试件的破坏发展过程以及各试件的滞回曲线和骨架曲线,分析了其滞回性能、耗能能力、延性、强度退化及刚度退化等抗震性能。试验结果表明,钢管混凝土桥墩的抗震性能明显好于钢筋混凝土桥墩。在含钢率和轴力相同的情况下,钢管混凝土桥墩的滞回曲线比钢筋混凝土桥墩丰满得多,前者的耗能能力约为后者的4.46倍,钢管混凝土桥墩的延性大于钢筋混凝土桥墩;随着轴压比的增大,钢管混凝土桥墩延性有所下降,强度退化加快,但对其刚度退化的影响不大。 相似文献
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Hasan Özkaynak 《地震工程与工程振动(英文版)》2018,17(2):385-401
The earthquake performance of vulnerable structures can be increased by the implementation of supplementary energy-dissipative metallic elements. The main aim of this paper is to describe the earthquake behavior of steel cushion-implemented reinforced concrete frames (SCI-RCFR) in terms of displacement demands and energy components. Several quasi-static experiments were performed on steel cushions (SC) installed in reinforced concrete (RC) frames. The test results served as the basis of the analytical models of SCs and a bare reinforced concrete frame (B-RCFR). These models were integrated in order to obtain the resulting analytical model of the SCI-RCFR. Nonlinear-time history analyses (NTHA) were performed on the SCI-RCFR under the effects of the selected earthquake data set. According to the NTHA, SC application is an effective technique for increasing the seismic performance of RC structures. The main portion of the earthquake input energy was dissipated through SCs. SCs succeeded in decreasing the plastic energy demand on structural elements by almost 50% at distinct drift levels. 相似文献
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对9根带约束拉杆的方形薄壁型钢管/胶合竹板复合空芯柱(SBCCB)试件进行低周反复拟静力测试,考察SBCCB的破坏过程和形态,分析试件的长细比、胶合竹净横截面面积、截面组合方式对其受力和抗震性能影响。结果表明:SBCCB破坏形态主要为柱脚胶合面的开裂破坏和胶合竹板断裂破坏,截面组合方式对其破坏模式有显著影响。SBCCB试件有较好的弹性变形能力和抗震耗能性能,增大复合柱截面尺寸和长细比能改善抗震性能;约束拉杆有效保证了试件的整体性,抑制基体开胶破坏,间接提高了抗震性能。 相似文献
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Damage investigation of small to medium-span highway bridges in Wenchuan earthquake revealed that typical damage of these bridges included: sliding between laminated-rubber bearings and bridge girders, concrete shear keys failure, excessive girder displacements and even span collapse. However, the bearing sliding could actually act as a seismic isolation for piers, and hence, damage to piers for these bridges was minor during the earthquake. Based on this concept, an innovative solation system for highway bridges with laminated-rubber bearings is developed. The system is comprised of typical laminated-rubber bearings and steel dampers. Bearing sliding is allowed during an earthquake to limit the seismic forces transmitting to piers, and steel dampers are applied to restrict the bearing displacements through hysteretic energy dissipation. As a major part of this research, a quarter-scale, two-span bridge model was constructed and tested on the shake tables to evaluate the performance of this isolation system. The bridge model was subjected to a Northridge and an artificial ground motion in transverse direction. Moreover, numerical analyses were conducted to investigate the seismic performance of the bridge model. Besides the test bridge model, a benchmark model with the superstructure fixed to the substructure in transverse direction was also included in the numerical analyses. Both the experimental and the numerical results showed high effectiveness of this proposed isolation system in the bridge model. The system was found to effectively control the pier-girder relative displacements, and simultaneously, protect the piers from severe damage. Numerical analyses also validated that the existing finite element methods are adequate to estimate the seismic response of bridges with this isolation system. 相似文献
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The seismic behavior of steel reinforced high strength and high performance concrete(SRHC)frame columns was investigated through pseudo-static experiments of 16 frame columns with various shear span ratios,axial compression ratios,concrete strengths,steel ratios and stirrup ratios.Three kinds of failure mechanisms are presented and the characteristics of experimental hysteretic curves and skeleton curves with different design parameters are discussed.The columns’ductility and energy dissipation were quantitatively evaluated based on seismic resistance.The research results indicate that SRHC frame columns can withstand extreme bearing capacity,but the abilities of ductility and energy dissipation are inferior because of SRHC’s natural brittleness.As a result,the axial load ratio should be restricted and some construction measures adopted,such as increasing the stirrup ratio.This research established effect factors on the bearing capacity of SPHC columns.Finally,an algorithm for obtaining ultimate bearing capacity using the flexural failure mode is established based on a modified planesection assumption.The authors also established equations to determine shearing baroclinic failure and shear bond failure based on the accumulation of the axial load force distribution ratio.The calculated results of shear bearing capacity for different failure modes were in good agreement with the experimental results. 相似文献
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The end diaphragm of bridges are normally designed to resist lateral seismic forces imposed on the superstructure in earthquake prone regions. Using ductile diaphragms with high deformation capacity could reduce the seismic demands on the substructure and prevent costly damage under strong ground motions. The end diaphragms of steel tub girder bridges with high lateral stiffness and dominant shear behavior have a potential to be used as ductile fuse elements. In this study, a steel plate shear diaphragm(SPSD) is introduced as an external end diaphragm of tub girder steel bridges to reduce the seismic demands imposed on the substructure. Quasi static nonlinear analyses were conducted to evaluate responses of sixteen SPSDs with different boundary conditions, aspect ratios and diaphragm plate thicknesses. Moreover, nonlinear time history analyses were performed using three different ground motions corresponding to DBE and MCE level spectrums. Cyclic and time history analyses proved the proper behavior of SPSD and its efficiency to reduce seismic demands by more than 25%. 相似文献
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针对钢筋混凝土高层框支剪力墙结构抗震性能差的缺点,提出采用型钢混凝土（SRC）梁柱框支剪力墙,试验结果表明了其良好的抗震性能。提出了框支剪力墙结构地震反应简化分析模型,将结构简化为由墙单元和框支单元组成的弹簧体系,墙单元采用二元件模型。推导了框支单元刚度矩阵,基于理论公式和试验结果给出了框支单元恢复力模型。根据提出的简化模型,编制了结构地震反应时程分析程序。程序计算结果与ETABS分析结果及振动台试验结果吻合较好,为进一步对SRC框支剪力墙结构进行地震反应分析提供了理论基础。 相似文献
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波形钢腹板混凝土箱拱地震响应分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
采用时程分析法,对三向地震动作用下的波形钢腹板混凝土箱拱新型结构的地震特性进行分析,通过与混凝土腹板的混凝土箱拱动力特性和地震响应特点的对比,得出该新型拱圈结构具有较优越的抗震性能。同时,把三向地震作用的结果与在两个主方向(纵桥向和横桥向)同时施加地震动的计算结果进行比较,得到竖向地震动对波形板箱拱地震响应的影响程度。 相似文献
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提出了一种异形截面的多腔钢管混凝土巨型柱,研究了其在不同方向水平力作用下的抗震性能。进行了6个1/25缩尺的巨型柱模型在竖向荷载和不同方向水平反复荷载作用下的抗震性能试验研究,其中:2个试件的水平力沿截面长轴方向施加,2个试件的水平力沿截面短轴方向施加,2个试件的水平力沿与长轴及短轴呈45度方向施加,3种水平力加载方向的试件轴压比分别为0.5、0.25。基于试验结果,分析了各试件的承载力、刚度及其退化过程、延性、滞回特性、耗能和破坏特征。进行了数值模拟分析,计算结果与试验符合较好。研究表明,提出的异形截面多腔钢管混凝土巨型柱有良好的抗震性能,且其抗震性能与水平力作用方向相关。 相似文献
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薄钢板剪力墙抗震性能试验研究 总被引：15，自引：6，他引：15
通过4个薄钢板剪力墙和1个钢筋混凝土框架的试验，研究了薄钢板剪力墙在低周往复荷载作用下的刚度、承载力、延性和耗能性能。试验表明，利用薄钢板剪力墙在低周往复荷载作用下的刚度、承载力、延性和耗能性能。试验表明，利用薄钢板剪力墙作为抗侧力构件是可行的。在钢筋混凝土框架中设置薄钢板可有效地增加刚度，承载力和耗能性能。 相似文献
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A method for seismic design of plane steel moment resisting frames based on the use of equivalent modal damping ratios is developed. The method determines the design base shear of the structure through spectrum analysis using rationally obtained equivalent modal damping ratios instead of the crude strength reduction (behavior) factor. An equivalent linear structure, which retains the mass and initial stiffness of the original non-linear structure and takes into account geometrical non-linearity and inelasticity in the form of equivalent, time-invariant, modal damping ratios is established. The equivalent damping ratios for the first few significant modes are numerically computed by first iteratively forming a frequency response transfer function modulus until it satisfies certain smoothness criteria and then by solving a set of non-linear algebraic equations. Thus, design equations providing equivalent damping ratios as functions of period and allowable deformation and damage are constructed using extensive numerical data coming from plane steel moment resisting frames excited by various seismic motions. These equations can be used in conjunction with a design spectrum, appropriately constructed for high damping values, and modal synthesis tools to calculate the seismic design forces of the structure. The proposed method is illustrated by numerical examples. It is concluded that unlike the usual approach of seismic codes employing a single common value of the strength reduction factor value for all modes, the proposed approach working with deformation and damage dependent equivalent modal damping ratios leads to more accurate and deformation and damage controlled results. 相似文献
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《地震工程与结构动力学》2018,47(6):1566-1588
An experimental program was performed for evaluating the seismic response and fragilities of nonstructural lightweight steel drywall partitions, also considering the interaction with structural elements and other nonstructural building components, ie, outdoor façade walls. Therefore, in‐plane quasi‐static reversed cyclic tests were carried out on 8 specimens of indoor partition walls infilled in a frame and on 4 specimens of indoor partition walls connected at its ends with transversal outdoor façade walls. Constructive parameters under investigation include type of connections used for connecting the indoor partition walls to the surrounding elements, stud spacing, type of sheathing panels, and type of jointing finishing. The effect of the constructive parameters on the lateral response in secant stiffness and strength is examined. Furthermore, the main damage phenomena observed during the tests are reported and associated to 3 damage limit states distinguished for the required repair level for the tested partition walls. Fragility curves are used for the experimental assessment of seismic fragility of the tested specimens, in accordance with the interstorey drift limits required by the European code. Finally, the quantitative estimation of the repair action costs starting from the damage observation is also developed. The obtained results could be considered a starting point for developing the in‐plane seismic design assisted by testing of lightweight steel drywall partition walls. 相似文献
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The reinforced concrete (RC) shear wall serves as one of the most important components sustaining lateral seismic forces. Although they allow advanced seismic performance to be achieved, RC shear walls are rather difficult to repair once the physical plastic hinge at the bottom part has been formed. To overcome this, a damage‐controllable plastic hinge with a large energy dissipation capacity is developed herein, in which the sectional forces are decoupled and sustained separately by different components. The components sustaining the axial and the shear forces all remain elastic even under a rarely occurred earthquake, while the bending components yield and dissipate seismic energy during a design‐level earthquake. This design makes the behavior of the system more predictable and thus more easily customizable to different performance demands. Moreover, the energy dissipation components can be conveniently replaced to fully restore the occupancy function of a building. To examine the seismic behavior of the newly developed component, 3 one third‐scale specimens were tested quasi‐statically, including 1 RC wall complying with the current design codes of China and 2 installed with the damage‐controllable plastic hinges. Each wall was designed to have the same strength. The experimental results demonstrated that the plastic‐hinge‐supported walls had a better energy dissipation capacity and damage controllability than the RC specimen. Both achieved drift ratios greater than 3% under a steadily increasing lateral force. 相似文献
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Computational study of self‐centering buckling‐restrained braced frame seismic performance 
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下载免费PDF全文 Recent research developed and experimentally validated a self‐centering buckling‐restrained brace (SC‐BRB) that employs a restoring mechanism created using concentric tubes held flush with pretensioned shape memory alloy rods, in conjunction with a buckling‐restrained brace (BRB) that dissipates seismic energy. The present computational study investigated how the SC‐BRB can be implemented in real buildings to improve seismic performance. First, a computational brace model was developed and calibrated against experimental data, including the definition of a new cyclic material model for superelastic NiTi shape memory alloy. A parametric study were then conducted to explore the design space for SC‐BRBs. Finally, a set of prototype buildings was designed and computationally subjected to a suite of ground motions. The effect of the lateral resistance of gravity framing on self‐centering was also examined. From the component study, the SC‐BRB was found to dissipate sufficient energy even with large self‐centering ratios (as large as 4) based on criteria found in the literature for limiting peak drifts. From the prototype building study, a SC‐BRB self‐centering ratio of 0.5 was capable of reliably limiting residual drifts to negligible values, which is consistent with a dynamic form of self‐centering discussed in the literature. Because large self‐centering ratios can create significant overstrength, the most efficient SC‐BRB frame designs had a self‐centering ratio in the range of 0.5–1.5. Ambient building resistance (e.g., gravity framing) was found to reduce peak drifts, but had a negligible effect on residual drifts. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献