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由于长期以来东北地区晚古生代的构造属性一直被认为是海西期褶皱带或碰撞造山带,而一直被作为中、新生代盆地的变质结晶基底成为油气勘查的禁区,限制了古生界的油气勘探和开发."佳木斯—兴蒙地块"新认识及二连盆地赛51井取得的石炭纪碳酸盐岩油藏的发现,开辟了二连盆地古生界油气勘探的新领域.本文对二连盆地3条典型的CEMP电测量资料进行了二维电阻率反演,结合研究区地震反射资料、钻孔电测井资料、钻井岩芯资料、岩石露头资料,揭示了二连盆地具有"三明治"的电性结构特征,同时指出二连盆地古生界广泛分布,在古生界与中生界之间广泛分布一套以玄武岩、安山岩、凝灰岩等为主的火山岩.这种"三明治"电性结构特征不但给古生界的研究提供了线索和依据,而且火山岩(高阻层)与其下伏古生界地层(低阻层)之间可形成良好的储盖组合(或生储盖组合),其对于古生界油气勘探的研究具有重要的意义.同时,认为二连盆地中、新生界和古生界的构造沉积演化主要经历了4个重要阶段,即:泥盆纪的南北差异性升降阶段、石炭-二叠纪的地层稳定沉积阶段、三叠纪-晚侏罗世的古生代盆地被改造和中新生代盆地构造格架形成的重要演化阶段以及中新生代的地层沉积阶段. 相似文献
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由于前新生代残留盆地具有埋深大、构造复杂的特点,采用综合地球物理研究方法成为圈划残留盆地宏观分布及预测残留盆地油气资源的重要方法技术．本文以南黄海地区为例,以重、磁数据为主体,以钻井、地震等高精度数据为先验信息做约束,采用带约束界面反演方法求取重力基底,同时根据求取的磁性基底计算了中、古生界的残余厚度,给出了前新生界残留盆地宏观分布特征．结合石油地质条件,圈划了油气资源有利区．研究结果表明南黄海北部坳陷北部和东北部中生界残余厚度较大,中部隆起与勿南沙隆起古生界残余厚度巨大,是较好的前新生代油气前景区． 相似文献
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南黄海盆地是大型海相中、古生界和陆相中、新生界两期叠合型盆地,本文根据最新地震资料结合钻井资料及与海陆地质资料的对比研究对盆地内地震层序进行了划分,得到了陆相中、新生界盆地基底即中、古生界海相盆地的顶界埋深、三叠系和上二叠统的残留厚度,推断了陆相层基底地层分布,并根据磁力异常资料推测了海相中、古生界盆地结晶基底埋深,推断了海相中、古生界整体残留情况.下三叠统青龙组和上二叠大隆及龙潭组在南黄海盆地南部坳陷及勿南沙隆起广泛存在,而在北部坳陷的分布则狭窄,中部隆起则由于隆起和剥蚀作用导致这两套地层几乎没有残余.对中-古生界海相盆地和中-新生界陆相盆地的基底特征进行了比较,认为海相中、古生界在南黄海地区区域性存在,海相层厚度分布特征受基底起伏控制,同时受到印支板块运动的影响,中部隆起区是海相中、古生界比较稳定的地区.下古生界可能在南黄海盆地广泛分布,但受资料限制,还难以获知其残余地层的特征. 相似文献
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如何通过地球物理资料圈划残留盆地的宏观分布是残留盆地油气研究中重要的方法技术之一.本文以大港地区为例介绍了残留盆地宏观分布的地球物理研究方法.通过岩石物性分析,利用正演与反演方法,求取本区的重力基底（对应本区新生界底界）和磁性基底（对应本区太古界顶界）埋深,进而计算前新生界残余厚度,讨论残留盆地的宏观分布特点,并预测了前新生代油气资源有利区.研究结果认为本区前新生界残余厚度分布具有“东西分带”的特点,残余厚度增厚带大多沿NE方向展布,表明后期来自NW-SE向的挤压应力对其分布有一定影响;埕宁隆起与歧口凹陷的结合部位是本区前新生界残余厚度最大的地区,存在由南向北的逆掩断裂构造,有利于前新生代油气的聚集. 相似文献
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作为西太平洋最大的边缘海,南海分布有30多个新生代沉积盆地,其蕴含着丰富的油气资源.但由于资料的限制,南海存在不同区域盆地研究程度不同,不同区域盆地面积差别较大,部分盆地只是坳陷而没有达到盆地的级别以及盆地外围可能存在凹陷等问题.南海新生代盆地分布问题制约了其油气分布规律、储量等基础地质问题的研究.本文以地震剖面数据为约束,以重力资料为主、辅以磁力资料,研究了南海新生代盆地分布及构造区划.通过提取新生代盆地及其构造单元引起的重力异常,结合地震剖面等资料反演了新生界底界面深度及新生界厚度.在充分调研已有盆地和构造单元划分方案的基础上,根据南海的地质及地球物理特征,确定了盆地及构造单元划分标准.以新生界厚度为基础并结合重、磁、震、地质等资料,进行地质-重磁震联合解释,将南海原有的36个盆地重新划分为24个盆地,盆地总面积扩大了约15万km2.研究表明,南海新生代盆地沉积层厚度在1.5~16 km之间,有6个北东东/北东向沉积坳陷带、2个近南北向沉积坳陷带以及1个三角沉积坳陷区;盆地展布方向主要为北东和北东东向,其次为北西和近南北向,呈现"南三北三"的分布特征. 相似文献
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我国南海天然气水合物资源潜力分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
天然气水合物是一种潜在能源,资源量大,我国天然气水合物以南海分布居多.本文分析了影响天然气水合物形成的构造沉积、烃源、温度与压力等因素,并以墨西哥湾和布莱克海台天然气水合物藏为例进行了分析.基于天然气水合物形成的影响因素,综合考虑南海海域的构造演化及油气地质条件,认为南海的构造及气源条件有利于天然气水合物的形成,同时进一步认为南海地区水合物成藏一级远景区包括台西南盆地、东沙群岛、西沙海槽—琼东南盆地和北康盆地,次级远景区包括中建南盆地和万安盆地等.并针对南海天然气水合物勘探及研究面临的挑战,提出了建议. 相似文献
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南方白垩系多以红色、紫红色碎屑岩为主,夹蒸发岩,由于缺乏烃源岩,在勘探上一直没有受到应有重视.随着油气勘探的深入,近年来陆续发现大量白垩系油气藏或油气显示,显示出白垩系良好的勘探潜力.研究发现白垩系发育优质储层和高效盖层,同时白垩系与下伏古生代-早中生代海相地层和上覆新生代陆相地层构成叠合盆地,这两套层系均发育多套优质烃源岩.在南方特别是中下扬子地区喜马拉雅期以来强烈的拉张断陷作用伴生了大量的断裂,这些断裂沟通了白垩系与上下覆地层的烃源岩,形成了断裂型和不整合型的不连续的生储盖成藏组合,来自古近系烃源岩和具有二次生烃能力的中生代、古生代烃源岩的充足油气在白垩系形成新生古储型、古生新储型和少量自生自储型油气藏,其油气富集成藏关键因素是临近生烃中心、油气源充足,其二是断裂系统相对发育,为白垩系油气成藏提供了必要输导体系. 相似文献
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中国沉积盆地大中型气田分布与天然气成因 总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8
中国沉积盆地丰富的天然气资源是由我国独特的地质环境决定了的.古生界海相高演化程度的烃源岩、广泛分布的煤系地层以及第四系低温盐湖相地层等,都决定了中国境内天然气的资源前景相当广阔.迄今已在东部、中部、西部及海域的大多数含油气盆地,从前寒武系、古生界、中生界至新生界几乎所有的地质时期,都发现了大规模的天然气聚集.这些大中型天然气藏主要以烃类气体为主,干燥系数大,非烃含量少,碳同位素值分布范围宽,成因多种多样,几乎包括了所有成因类型的天然气,如煤成气、油型气、生物气和无机气等.其中煤成气在天然气资源中占主导地位,特别是已探明的几个千亿方的大型气田,如克拉2、苏里格、大牛地等,均属于煤成气或以煤成气为主;油型气在我国海相盆地占有重要地位,如四川盆地海相天然气田,主要是由原油裂解形成的;在柴达木盆地和松辽盆地西斜坡,分别发现了原生型的生物气大气田和稠油降解成因的次生生物气;无机成因气主要分布在中国东部,尤其是近年来在松辽盆地发现的较大规模的CO2和烃类气体的聚集,意味着无机成因气在中国东部将有很大的勘探潜力. 相似文献
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Geomagnetism and Aeronomy - The evolution of the magnetic configuration in the solar corona is studied. The curvature of the K-corona helmets obtained from an analytical approximation of the... 相似文献
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D. M. Pechersky A. A. Lyubushin Z. V. Sharonova 《Izvestiya Physics of the Solid Earth》2010,46(7):613-623
The data on geomagnetic reversals are compared with the changes in the organic world and with the lower-mantle plumes. The
times of the formation of plumes and the times of their appearance on the Earth’s surface relate to the intervals characterized
by the different frequencies of geomagnetic reversals, i.e., there is no interrelation between the formation of plumes and
the frequency of the changes in the geomagnetic field polarity. At the same time, a certain synchronism is observed between
the frequency of the geomagnetic reversals and the boundaries of the biostratigraphic ages, i.e., the changes in the organic
world in the long-period range. A hypothesis is proposed, which explains the change in the sign of the geomagnetic field by
the combined effect of the irregular rotation of the internal core relative to the mantle and the changes in the slope angle
of the axis of the Earth’s rotation, which, in turn, results in synchronous events on the Earth’s surface: the rates of changes
in the organic world. 相似文献
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Yu. F. Moroz T. A. Moroz V. A. Loginov A. G. Nurmukhamedov D. A. Alekseev 《Izvestiya Physics of the Solid Earth》2016,52(1):29-44
The results of the magnetotelluric (MT) soundings before and after an earthquake are analyzed. The interpretation is based on the longitudinal and transverse MT curves (along and across the strike of the main tectonic elements, respectively). The MT curves are distorted by the ρ- and coast effect. The distortions due to the coast effect are estimated by the testing three-dimensional (3D) model. It is established that the coast effect distortion at the periods up to 1000 s is small and can be disregarded. The divergence of the longitudinal and transverse MT curves, which points to the presence of the deep faults, is thoroughly studied. The inversion of the MTsounding curves is carried out by the REBOCC program of the numerical two-dimensional modeling. This program implements the procedures of elimination of the ρ-effect and the joint inversion of the longitudinal and transverse MT sounding curves. The obtained geoelectrical cross sections provide an insight into the structure of electrical conductivity of the lithosphere before and after the earthquake. The more intense variations in the electric conductivity are observed in the zone of the deep faults. These variations are related to the changes in the porosity and saturation of the rocks by the highly mineralized fluids. 相似文献
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The idea of predicting earthquakes by continuously monitoring temporal variations in the tidal response of the medium was suggested by Beaumont and Berger in 1974. However, it became possible to implement the idea only recently. This possibility has arisen due to the deployment of Global Seismic Network (GSN), which collects the data on tidal tilts and gravity in the epicenters of strong earthquakes before and after the strongest events. In this paper, we present the results of model analytical and numerical calculations of the elastic displacements of the Earth’s surface caused by the earthquakes and their preparatory processes. The analytical calculations are limited to the model of a uniform elastic halfspace; the numerical calculations, in addition to this model, also cover the models with radially heterogeneous distributions of elastic moduli in the crust and in the upper mantle, which are determined by the PREM model. We describe the results of modeling temporal variations in the tidal response of the medium in the vicinity of the source of a catastrophic earthquake. The model of seismic source is specified by the length and the orientations of the fault plane and by the value of the discontinuity in the tangential component of the displacement vector on the opposite sides of the fault. The model is based on the GPS data on the horizontal and vertical displacements of the Earth’s surface. We suggest the method for determining temporal changes in the tidal response of the medium in the seismically active regions. This method improves the sensitivity and time resolution of the standard techniques of sliding-window analysis by more than an order of magnitude. The comparative analysis of temporal variations in the tidal response of the medium in the zones of the magnitude 9 earthquake in Japan (March 9, 2011) illustrates the described approach.
相似文献15.
The idea of predicting earthquakes by continuously monitoring temporal variations in the tidal response of the medium was suggested by Beaumont and Berger in 1974. However, it became possible to implement the idea only recently. This possibility has arisen due to the deployment of Global Seismic Network (GSN), which collects the data on tidal tilts and gravity in the epicenters of strong earthquakes before and after the strongest events. In this paper, we present the results of model analytical and numerical calculations of the elastic displacements of the Earth??s surface caused by the earthquakes and their preparatory processes. The analytical calculations are limited to the model of a uniform elastic halfspace; the numerical calculations, in addition to this model, also cover the models with radially heterogeneous distributions of elastic moduli in the crust and in the upper mantle, which are determined by the PREM model. We describe the results of modeling temporal variations in the tidal response of the medium in the vicinity of the source of a catastrophic earthquake. The model of seismic source is specified by the length and the orientations of the fault plane and by the value of the discontinuity in the tangential component of the displacement vector on the opposite sides of the fault. The model is based on the GPS data on the horizontal and vertical displacements of the Earth??s surface. We suggest the method for determining temporal changes in the tidal response of the medium in the seismically active regions. This method improves the sensitivity and time resolution of the standard techniques of sliding-window analysis by more than an order of magnitude. The comparative analysis of temporal variations in the tidal response of the medium in the zones of the magnitude 9 earthquake in Japan (March 9, 2011) illustrates the described approach. 相似文献
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Kapralova V. N. Chesnokova I. V. Makarycheva E. M. Sergeev D. O. 《Water Resources》2019,46(2):S81-S86
Water Resources - The dynamics of the talik zones, associated both with the internal cyclical nature of their development and with climate changes, leads to temporary differences in the volume of... 相似文献
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The developed dynamic model of the main geomagnetic field (MGF) includes the sources of three levels, which have existed and continuously changed during the 100-year period. The spatial-temporal dynamics of the secular variations in MGF has been considered based on this model. It has been indicated that, at different times, the formation of anomalies (located in similar regions) depended on the total dynamics of different combinations of sources, including a change in the parameters of the dipoles of the secondorder smallness. Anomalies generated by the dynamics of the dipoles of the third-order smallness do not evidently manifest themselves in the total secular variations but are responsible for the specific shapes of isodynamic lines. Based on the stability and continuity of the constructed model, the conclusion is made that long-living turbulent flows of different scales can exist in the liquid core. 相似文献
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Robert W Risebrough Brock W De Lappe Wayman Walker Bernd R.T Simoneit Joan Grimalt Joan Albaiges Jose Antonio Garcia Regueiro Antoni Ballester Inolla Manuel Mariño Fernandez 《Marine pollution bulletin》1983,14(5):181-187
The Mussel Watch concept was applied in a study of man-induced chemical changes in the Ebro Delta on the Catalonian coast to obtain a preliminary assessment of the distribution of synthetic organic compounds, petroleum and biogenic hydrocarbons in the local coastal zone. Mussels, oysters and clams were selected as the indicator organisms. Levels of petroleum accumulated by mussels were generally high, in the order of 100–800 μg?1 dry weight, equivalent to those in mussels in the most polluted harbours and bays of California. The relative distributions of the steranes and pentacyclic triterpanes in the mussels were significantly different from those found in petroleum from a local field, indicating that local petroleum was not contributing to the present contamination. The composition of biogenic compounds was variable, probably reflecting differences in the composition of local plankton communities, PCB levels were high in relation to current levels in mussels from US sites, reflecting continuing PCB use in Spain. The Delta appears to be a point source of a number of organochlorine compounds, including HCB, the DDT compounds, endrin and γ-chlordane. Levels of the DDT compound o,p′-DDD, a pharmacologically active substance, were unexpectedly high; identification was confirmed by GS/MS. Many unidentified peaks were present on EC chromatograms, indicating a more complex pattern of contamination than might be suggested by printed summaries of data. 相似文献
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Yu. F. Kopnichev I. N. Sokolova K. N. Sokolov 《Izvestiya Physics of the Solid Earth》2013,49(6):786-795
The characteristics of the attenuation field of short-period shear waves in the region of Nevada nuclear test site (NNTS) are studied. The seismograms of underground nuclear explosions (UNEs) and earthquakes recorded by three seismic stations in 1975–2012 at the epicentral distances of up to 1000 km are processed by the methods based on the analysis of the amplitude ratios of Sn to Pn and Lg to Pg waves, as well as the S-coda envelopes for close events. It is shown that the structure of the attenuation field in the Earth’s crust and upper mantle in the NNTS region experienced significant temporal variations during the interval of nuclear operations. The strongest variations were associated with UNEs conducted in the Pahute Mesa area, which held about two-thirds of the most intense explosions. Our data indicate that temporal variations in the structure of the attenuation field are related to the migration of deep fluids. A comparison of the general characteristics of the attenuation field in the regions of the three large nuclear test sites is presented. 相似文献