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1.
Cheng-Chao Lee Chieh-Hou Yang Hsing-Chang Liu Kuo-Liang Wen Zi-Bin Wang Yi-Jie Chen 《Engineering Geology》2008,98(3-4):115-125
Resistivity Image Profiling (RIP) surveys was used to develop a lithological and hydrogeological model of the subsurface in the southeastern part of Lishan landslide area of central Taiwan. The bedrock consists of slate in the study area. Based on RIP and rock samples collected from boreholes results, three electrical strata are recognized: colluvium, the shear zone composed of shear gouges and shattered slate, and the undisturbed slate formation. The steep shear zone with resistivity ranging between 100 ~ 260 Ω-m, plays a crucial role in the local hydrogeological environment, because it forms a natural barrier which blocks and retains groundwater flowing down the slope. Groundwater will brim over the barrier when the water level is high. Thus the inclined groundwater table remains stable from long-term monitoring. It strongly indicates that the groundwater recharge is greater than that of discharge. Therefore, the shear zone can provide information about the optimum locations for draining the excess groundwater in-situ for slope stability consideration.
The curved basal surface of the colluvium and the weathered slate can also be discerned from the resistivity variations and boreholes data. A series of circular patterns may associate with the main slope failure which migrated upwards from the lower slope. 相似文献
2.
为解决辽西地区干旱缺水问题,通过卫星遥感与地面物探相结合的工作方式,研究了水文地质信息提取方法及其应用技术,并在辽西地区开展了初步应用。结果表明,卫星遥感技术不仅可以从宏观上掌握研究区地下水赋存规律,还可探测到常规方法难以发现的水文地质信息,通过卫星遥感技术可以缩小地面物探工作区的范围,该方法有效提高了地下水探测的工作效率及其准确性。此外,通过对电测深电阻率值的定量分析表明,当探测到的九佛堂组岩组电阻率介于18～22Ω·m之间时,该处富水的可能性极大,该方法可有效降低在九佛堂组中物探找水工作的难度。 相似文献
3.
Zarif Fardous Slater Lee Mabrouk Mohamed Youssef Ahmed Al-Temamy Ayman Mousa Salah Farag Karam Robinson Judy 《Hydrogeology Journal》2018,26(4):1169-1185
Understanding and developing groundwater resources in arid regions such as El Salloum basin, along the northwestern coast of Egypt, remains a challenging issue. One-dimensional (1D) electrical sounding (ES), two-dimensional (2D) electrical resistivity imaging (ERI), and very low frequency electromagnetic (VLF-EM) measurements were used to investigate the hydrogeological framework of El Salloum basin with the aim of determining the potential for extraction of potable water. 1D resistivity sounding models were used to delineate geoelectric sections and water-bearing layers. 2D ERI highlighted decreases in resistivity with depth, attributed to clay-rich limestone combined with seawater intrusion towards the coast. A depth of investigation (DOI) index was used to constrain the information content of the images at depths up to 100 m. The VLF-EM survey identified likely faults/fractured zones across the study area. A combined analysis of the datasets of the 1D ES, 2D ERI, and VLF-EM methods identified potential zones of groundwater, the extent of seawater intrusion, and major hydrogeological structures (fracture zones) in El Salloum basin. The equivalent geologic layers suggest that the main aquifer in the basin is the fractured chalky limestone middle Miocene) south of the coastal plain of the study area. Sites likely to provide significant volumes of potable water were identified based on relatively high resistivity and thickness of laterally extensive layers. The most promising locations for drilling productive wells are in the south and southeastern parts of the region, where the potential for potable groundwater increases substantially.
相似文献4.
Mansour A. Al-Garni 《Arabian Journal of Geosciences》2011,4(3-4):385-400
Subsurface structures associated with hard rocks are very important for groundwater. Wadi Fatima runs through the volcanic and metamorphic rocks of the Arabian Shield which are characterized by higher magnetization than the overlaying alluvium sediments. Magnetic and direct current (DC) resistivity methods have been used for groundwater exploration in the northern part of Wadi Fatima. The magnetic survey was used mainly to map the subsurface structures, using analytic signal algorithm, of the study area. The DC resistivity method was applied to describe the lithologic domain as a function of depth, depending on their electrical property contrasts where it provided a good indication for water bearing formations. The magnetic and DC resistivity interpretations were confirmed by drilling which have provided a clear idea about the hydrogeological regime of the study area. The selected drilled well is successfully productive and it produces 30 m3/h. 相似文献
5.
高密度电法具有低成本,高效率,方便解译等特点,它在水文地质调查中具有到广泛应用,尤其在地质环境复杂、地下水资源缺乏地区。大别山地区是变质岩集中区域,同时也是我国重要的生态功能区,有着地质结构复杂、生态环境脆弱的特点,是水文地质、环境地质研究的重点区域。本文以大别山连片贫困区1:5万水文地质调查中的找水为实例,采用高密度电法,解译出目标找水靶区的电阻率剖面和地质断面,并结合地球物理特征、工区布置、钻探验证等,说明高密度电法在变质岩山区寻找富水构造效果显著,能作为变质岩山区找水的有效方法。 相似文献
6.
Hydraulic permeability is one of the most important parameters for the evaluation of sediments relevant to environmental and hydrogeological problems. Up to now, permeability could be determined only by time-consuming and expensive methods like pumping tests or sampling and laboratory investigations. The results are confined to few locations, and they depend on the scale of the investigation method. Measurements on rock samples in a laboratory can differ significantly from well test results. Geophysical measurements are performed on different scales from high resolution measurements in boreholes up to large-scale soundings. Variations in permeability are mainly caused by varying grain size and by changes in porosity. A decrease of average grain diameter results in an increasing internal surface area. Petrophysical investigations have shown a reliable correlation between the imaginary part of electrical conductivity and the porespace-related internal surface. The formation resistivity factor, which is related to porosity, can be determined by geoelectrical measurements if the electrical conductivity of the pore fluid is known. The internal surface area and the formation factor are the only two parameters used by a Kozeny-Carman-like equation to evaluate the permeability or hydraulic conductivity for the investigated representative volume. Complex electrical conductivity is determined by measurements of induced polarization in the frequency domain. Frequencies below 10 Hz are used to avoid electromagnetic coupling. The permeability values determined by electrical measurements in boreholes can well be compared with those derived from the grain size distribution of samples. The same algorithm can be applied to evaluate the hydraulic conductivity of subsurface layers by complex resistivity soundings. The high sensitivity of the imaginary conductivity component to changes at the internal surface may be used as an indicator for contaminations. 相似文献
7.
贵州镇宁地区地下水中硫酸盐超标是典型的环境地质问题之一,而该区地下水中硫酸盐超标主要来自于三叠系中统关岭组(T2g)含水岩组。采集水样分析发现该含水岩组中地下水的硫酸盐含量达到了275.42~1 100 mg?L-1,为Ⅳ-Ⅴ类水。运用地下水中硫同位素追踪,其硫酸盐主要来源于石膏溶解,并通过实施“探采结合井”（ZK3）,初步查明 “膏岩层”分布于三叠系中统关岭组一段下亚段(T2g1a)的中下部,厚度在1～1.5 m。而分层抽水试验显示:T2g含水岩组试段水质为Ⅴ类,降深在11.50 m时涌水量为256.61 m3?d-1;当揭穿T2g膏岩层含水层并进行封隔止水后,钻孔自流量为330.05 m3?d-1,降深在10.80 m时钻孔涌水量达628.84 m3?d-1,水质属Ⅲ类水。因此,在类似因水质超标而引起的功能性缺水地区,可越过膏岩层而获取深层安全的可饮用的地下水。 相似文献
8.
Sahebrao Sonkamble 《Journal of the Geological Society of India》2014,83(5):535-548
Electrical resistivity methods are applied extensively for shallow sub-surface objectives but it has constraints in distinguishing the chemical characteristics of the medium. However, this complexity can be resolved by integrated investigations where geophysical anomaly would be validated with hydro-geochemical data. The present study highlights the notable importance of integrated geophysical and hydrogeological investigations in demarcating sub-surface pollution due to saline water intrusion and industrial effluents at Cuddalore coast in India. Geophysical scanning encompassing a total of 35 vertical electrical sounding (VES) were validated with drilling lithologs, water level and water quality parameters from a network of 125 observation wells at a test site of 17 km2. To understand the spatial variation of sub-surface contamination, two profiles of apparent resistivity sections were generated covering VES points parallel to the coast. Results revealed that, the low order of resistivity range 3 to 10 Ω-m (up to 30–40 m depth) and total dissolved solids range 2000 to 10,000 mg/l of groundwater reflects sub-surface contamination but cannot distinguish kind of salinity which is further verified by chemical analysis of Ca2+ (1200–2041 mg/l), SO4 2? (3000–9480 mg/l) which confirms the gypsum pollution and Na+ (750–1000 mg/l), Cl? (1000–2000 mg/l) designate the marine water contamination. Further, static groundwater head measurements demarcate the study area into above mean sea level (MSL) and below MSL zones. This study has provided a rapid and comprehensive picture about spatial variations of groundwater contamination which can help in planning, protection and safe management of coastal aquifers in India and worldwide. 相似文献
9.
Edouard Palis Thomas Lebourg Maurin Vidal Clara Levy Emmanuel Tric Mickael Hernandez 《Landslides》2017,14(4):1333-1343
The geology of the “Vence” landslide (0.8 million m3, south-eastern France) explains the complex hydrology of the site which plays a key role in the destabilization of the slope (water circulation within the sliding mass, fluid exchanges between superficial layers and deep karstic aquifer through faults). To understand fluid circulations within the unstable slope, a 9.5-year multi-parametric survey was set up. The survey combines electrical resistivity tomography (daily acquisition), rainfall records since 2006 and boreholes monitoring groundwater level since 2009. The objective of this work is to present an automated clustering analysis applied to the ERT data enabled to locate geological units displaying distinct hydrogeological behaviours. Clustering analysis, based on a hierarchical ascendant classification (HAC), helped to simplify the ERT section isolating three groups of apparent resistivity values. Comparing the variations of these clusters’ behaviours in time to the variations of the groundwater levels on site, we identified hydrogeological units. The role of the faults cutting the substratum is thereby highlighted. It is the simultaneous analysis of such a large real dataset that allowed obtaining robust results characteristic of the long-term behaviour of the natural hydrogeological system. This type of qualitative information on the variability of the slope hydrogeological behaviour both spatially and temporally is crucial to help improving the conversion of resistivity data into hydrologic quantities. Indeed, the definition of petrophysical models to convert ERT measurements into hydrological measurements should be site-specific and take into account the spatial and temporal variability of the medium. In this work, we show a method that can also help to focus on the areas in depth that have different levels of permeability and observe how the saturation degree evolves in time. This can be used to optimize the location of additional instrumentation (such as temperature probes and chemical sampling) and, thus, help in the prevention of the risk in such problematic areas. 相似文献
10.
Coastal aquifer assessment based on geological and geophysical survey,northwestern Crete,Greece 总被引：6，自引：3，他引：3
Pantelis M. Soupios Despina Kalisperi Asimina Kanta Maria Kouli Pavel Barsukov Filippos Vallianatos 《Environmental Earth Sciences》2010,61(1):63-77
Groundwater preservation comprises a major problem in water policy. The comprehension of the groundwater/hydraulic systems
can provide the means to approach this problem. Generally, drilling is expensive and time-consuming. On the other hand, new
techniques have been applied during the last few decades that provide useful information on the depth and quality of aquifers.
Among them, transient electromagnetic method (TEM) is an appealing method that provides fast results with minimum field crew
and solves several hydrogeological problems. Many portable systems for single-site measurements are commercially available.
The TEM-Fast 48HPC was used for acquiring 106 soundings in the northwestern Crete in Greece for defining the hydrogeological
characteristics of the study area, since there were no available data from boreholes. Detailed geological, hydrolithological
and tectonic survey was applied prior to the geophysical measurements. All the data were integrated to produce a secure and
reliable hydrogeological model for the study area prior to any future hydrowell. Specifically, geometrical and hydraulic data
of the study area groundwater were acquired. Two unconnected aquifers were detected and their possible contamination due to
saltwater intrusion was analyzed and eliminated. Moreover, a location for borehole construction and groundwater pumping based
on the potential of the aquifer system was proposed. Finally, the contribution of TEM (and electrical resistivity tomography)
geophysical methods in studying complex coastal aquifers is shown by this work. 相似文献
11.
The Mamora aquifer, in the northern Moroccan Meseta, constitutes the main regional water resource. Its impermeable basement is mostly composed of blue marls. The lithostratigraphy of the basin aquifer is characterised by a sequence of sandstones, sandy limestones, conglomerates and sandy clays.The structure of the basement of the Mamora aquifer, deduced from electrical resistivity measurements, allowed the hydrogeological behaviour of the reservoir, and the direction of the groundwater flow, to be established. The combination of the lithological, morphological, piezometric, geophysical and structural investigations revealed a northward thickening of the substrate with groundwater flow towards the Rharb (to the north) and towards the Atlantic Ocean (northwest). This ‘multicriteria’ approach enabled a structural model to be defined, which correlated well with the aquifer geometry and the groundwater flow. The variability of the hydrogeological units, and the northward thickening of the sedimentary facies, were controlled by northeast-southwest orientated faults, which affect their impermeability. 相似文献
12.
Groundwater investigation in the southern part of Gabes using resistivity sounding, southern Tunisia 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
Abdelkader Mhamdi Ferid Dhahri Mouez Gouasmia Nadia Inoubli Mohamed Soussi Hamed Ben Dhia 《Arabian Journal of Geosciences》2013,6(2):601-614
The groundwater hydrogeology of southern Tunisia emphasizes two main groundwater bodies so-called Zeuss-Koutine and south Gabes. These groundwater bodies yielding economically important storage of useful water present complex internal architecture and heterogeneity allowing exchange flows throughout permeable or/and fractured bodies. A geophysical survey using resistivity soundings was carried out along this area to describe in detail the field structure and the 3D extent of these groundwater bodies by the hydrogeological new data and detailed subsurface mapping based on resistivity sounding and seismic data. This survey discusses also the potentialities of some permeable layer in water storage and purposes potential favorable areas for optimum groundwater mining. 相似文献
13.
尕海镇幅位于柴达木盆地东北缘的巴音河山前平原,是1：50 000国际标准图幅。其水文地质图是根据中国地质调查局组织编制并即将颁布实施的《水文地质图编制规范（1：50 000）》的基本要求,结合区内发展建设的需求,利用2016年1：50 000水文地质调查最新获取的尕海镇幅钻孔抽水试验成果数据（本次施工以及收集已有钻孔资料共48个钻孔）,水化学（61个水样）、同位素（12个同位素样）和土壤易溶盐（55个土样）分析成果数据,地下水位统测成果数据（68个统测点）,以及已有资料与成果数据编制而成。编图以地下水系统理论和生态水文地质理论为指导,按地下水系统、水文地质结构、含水岩组及富水性、地下水补给-径流-排泄条件、地下水化学特征、地下水水位埋深与流场、地下水与生态植被关系、地下水开发利用等分类加工处理数据形成水文地质图数据集,使大量的信息在图面上以主图结合镶图的形式主次分明、层次清晰地加以展现,以便为当地水资源开发利用和生态环境保护提供直观易用的地下水资料支撑。 相似文献
14.
太行山前的大多数石灰岩受火成岩的侵入,造成这些地区的地下水分布极不均匀,施工成井率很低。为了合理有效地开发地下水资源,在工作区进行水文地质调查的基础上,垂直于主构造线方向布置了3条电阻率法勘探剖面线,运用对称四极电阻率测深法,分别测量了视电阻率值。通过绘制视电阻率等值线断面图,定性和定量解释火成岩侵入的石灰岩地区地下富水带在视电阻率等值线图上的表现形态,准确的确定了井位。通过钻探工程验证,水井的出水量较为理想,与物探推断分析得出来的结论吻合良好。在这类地区开展电法找水,研究水文地质条件是基础,野外工作布置要灵活,深刻分析视电阻率等值线的异常形态是关键。 相似文献
15.
基于溶洼区浅层岩溶地下水的渗流特性,研究富水岩溶地质结构在地下水渗流作用下引起的自然极化及由此形成的自然电场的分布特征,通过自然电场法与高密度电法联作,利用科研和中国地质调查局地质调查项目中探采结合井位的综合物探结果,探讨以自然电场法为主导、辅以高密度电法等综合物探方法,在西江中下游岩溶石山地区不同水文地质环境中寻找岩溶地下水的成功应用效果与失败的经验教训。研究结果表明,感应类电法（如瞬变电磁法、音频大地电磁测深法、地面核磁共振法、激发极化法、声频大地电场法、甚低频电磁法等）受电网、通信网络等人为电磁场干扰较严重;高密度电法抗人为电磁场干扰的能力较强,信噪比较高,但勘探深度相对较浅,且易受炭泥质灰岩、岩溶矿产等良导电岩矿体的干扰。自然电场法利用岩溶地下水运移引起的富水岩溶地质结构自然极化特征,自然电场异常与动态地下水的补给与运移状态关系较密切,自然电场法与基于探测目的体导电特性的高密度电法联作寻找溶洼区浅层地下水可起到方法互补、相互印证、提高探测分辨率与精度的作用。 相似文献
16.
Paola Gattinoni 《Natural Hazards》2009,50(1):161-178
The article deals with a tool for landslides susceptibility assessment as a function of the hydrogeological setting at different
scales. The study has been applied to a test area located in Southern Italy. First, a 3D groundwater flow model was implemented
for a large-scale area. The simulation of several groundwater conditions compared with the landslide activity map allows drawing
a hydrogeological susceptibility map. Then, a slope scale analysis was carried out for the Cavallerizzo landslide. For this
purpose, a 2D groundwater parametrical modeling was coupled with a slope stability analysis; the simulation was carried out
by changing the values of the main hydrogeological parameters (recharge, groundwater supply level, etc.). The results enabled
to connect the slope instability to some hydrogeological characteristics that are easy to survey and to monitor (e.g., rainfall,
piezometrical level, and spring discharge), pointing out the hazard thresholds with regards to different triggering phenomena. 相似文献
17.
南方岩溶含水系统结构识别方法初探 总被引：6，自引：4，他引：2
岩溶含水系统因其含水介质的高度不均匀性和各向异性而难以刻画。文章选取鄂西岩溶槽谷区典型的岩溶含水系统为研究对象,基于野外地面调查、裂隙测量、洞穴探测、多源高精度地下水示踪试验、地下水动态监测等传统手段,结合新技术、新方法来综合查明岩溶含水系统的结构,探讨岩溶含水系统的边界结构、岩溶发育主控方向、介质空间结构的识别方法,最终刻画出岩溶含水系统结构的概念模型。文章的研究成果旨在为岩溶山区1∶5万水文地质调查工作思路与方法应用提供参考,为提高全国新一轮1∶5万水文地质调查成果的精度与质量做贡献。 相似文献
18.
针对河南省新乡市凤泉区严重缺水现状,利用高密度电阻率法、高密度电阻率法与激发极化对称四极测深组合在水文地质条件复杂的松散层和基岩干旱地区勘查地下水,结合水文地质资料和成井条件所定的井位,后经施工钻孔验证,定井成功率100%,解决了人、畜急需用水问题。通过以上两种方法结合或单一方法在该地区不同水文地质条件下的实际应用和应用效果分析,总结出针对该地区特定的水文地质条件选择高密度电阻率法、高密度电阻率法与激发极化法组合模式。密度电阻率法和激发极化法组合模式在该地区地下水勘查中的运用提高了地质解释的准确性和可靠性,值得在类似水文地质条件和地区推广应用。 相似文献
19.
既比处于泸西盆地下游边缘,岩溶发育均匀性差,地表干旱,严重缺水,打井找水难度较大。文章论述了既比地区的水文地质条件、地下水分布赋存特征,介绍了岩溶区地下水勘查布井的工作方法;利用高密度电法、激电测深物探成果,结合水文地质调查成果,确定了井位,结果证实钻孔水量丰富。分析认为岩溶含水层富水性差异主要受溶隙充填、连通程度控制,总结出一套以岩溶水开发利用为龙头,抗旱与节水喷灌高效农业发展相结合的应急抗旱模式,经济效益显著。提出了开发利用地下水的管理措施建议。 相似文献
20.
Ahmed Abdulameer Jassim M. Thabit Firas H. AL-Menshed Broder Merkel 《Environmental Earth Sciences》2018,77(17):619
Electrical resistivity surveying for delineating seawater intrusion was performed in the Dibdibba aquifer in the area between the cities of Al-Zubair–Safwan and Al-Zubair–Umm Qasr in the vicinity of Khor AL-Zubair Channel, Basrah governorate, southern Iraq. Fourteen 2D resistivity profiles with a total length of 14 km were collected in the study area. The resistivity sections were compared with lithological data extracted from 11 boreholes. Thirty-nine groundwater samples were collected within the area and analyzed for chemical constituents; internal hydrogeological reports and unpublished studies were also evaluated. Results reveal the existence of three major resistivity layers, ranging from 0.1 to 130 Ωm at various depths and locations. The first layer has very low electrical resistivity (0.1–5 Ωm) representing a layer saturated with saltwater intruded from Khor AL-Zubair Channel. The second layer shows resistivity in the range of 5–130 Ωm, attributed to a transition zone and an unaffected zone saturated with brackish groundwater. The last resistivity layer (<?3 Ωm) represents coarse-grain sediments saturated with saline groundwater. Furthermore, a hard clay bed (Jojab) appears with a resistivity of 3–7 Ωm in all 2D imaging lines within a depth of 20–28 m. Electrical conductivity (EC) measurements from seven wells collected in 2014 and 2016 show a positive EC difference increasing landward with an average increase of 1927 µS/cm. In addition, six chemical relationships (Na/Cl, [Ca?+?Mg]/[HCO3?+?SO4], SO4/HCO3, SO4/Cl, Mg/Ca and Cl/[HCO3?+?CO3]) are used to detect the source of salinity in groundwater. This study proves that extensive use of high-resolution 2D imaging sections, alongside lithological and hydrogeological data, can serve as a useful tool to delineate the boundaries between aquifers, identify hydraulic boundaries between groundwater with different salinities and allocate hard clay layers between the upper and lower Dibdibba aquifer. In general, the combination of 2D imaging and hydrochemistry enables conceptualization of the hydrogeological situation in the subsurface and characterization of the salinity source, here seawater intrusion, in the study area. There have been no studies published so far on the characteristics of saltwater intrusion in the study area, and this study is considered to be important for monitoring and studying the intrusion and regression of seawater. 相似文献