共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 89 毫秒
1.
湘中地区的岩溶发育特征与环境地质问题——以斗笠山,恩口煤矿为例 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
湘中地区碳酸盐广泛发育，其中含煤向斜盆地的岩溶发育特征，受岩性，地貌，水文，构造运动等多因素控制，并具有水平分带和垂直分带性。而环境地质问题，主要发生岩溶地下水排泄区。 相似文献
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岩溶发育强度垂直分带方法 总被引：6，自引：3，他引：6
讨论了岩溶发育强度分带的现状,提出了岩溶发育强度垂直分带的原则,以钻孔岩溶率、溶洞规模和钻孔涌(漏)水量作为定量指标,以岩组特征、地质构造特征和地下水运动特征作为定性指标,划分为强烈、中等和微弱3个岩溶发育带,并用类比、主因素判别法及模糊综合评判方法确定岩溶发育的强度等级。 相似文献
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论述了华蓥山隧道的岩溶发育特征,根据岩溶发育强度的划分依据和划分标准,结合岩溶发育的历史,采用类比判别法、主因素判别法和综合判别法对岩溶发育强度作了垂直分带,据此预测的溶洞规模与实际情况吻合。 相似文献
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王建华 《吉林大学学报(地球科学版)》1990,(3)
运用大量的实际资料对淄博地区隐伏岩溶进行垂直分带,建立了岩溶发育程度与单位涌水量、渗透性、侵蚀性、CO_2、饱和钙差值相关方程,定量分析了该区垂向岩溶发育规律。 相似文献
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轮南地区是塔里木盆地重点产油气地区之一,对其下奥陶统碳酸盐岩储层性能及分布的研究具有重要的实际意义。通过对研究区岩溶、裂缝发育、沉积和洞穴充填物分析研究,认为具渗透可溶性碳酸盐岩及温暖潮湿、多大气降水是岩溶储层形成的必要条件,构造裂缝的发育为岩溶储层发育创造了有利条件。根据裂缝性质及充填程度,本区裂缝可分为方解石完全充填张裂缝、方解石半充填张裂缝、泥质充填扭压性裂缝、未充填微细裂缝和缝合线5种,其中方解石半充填裂缝和缝合线对储层岩溶发育起重要作用。本区岩溶具明显的垂直分带性,可分为垂直渗流岩溶带、水平潜流岩溶带和过渡带,其中垂直渗流带底部及水平潜流岩溶带上部储集物性最佳。轮南地区发育的两期岩溶与石炭纪两次较大的海侵时间相一致。作者还研究了充填物的沉积特征,探讨了储层的演化模式。 相似文献
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山东省枣庄市峄城水源地是个典型的北方埋藏型岩溶水水源地。峄城盆地出露的岩溶地貌有干谷、溶洞、岩溶准平原、溶蚀裂隙、溶沟、溶槽、溶痕等，地下岩溶形态主要为溶洞、溶蚀裂隙和溶孔，岩溶的发育具有层控性、水平分带和垂直分带等特点和规律。该盆地岩溶水系统的含水介质为寒武系、奥陶系的灰岩、白云岩，以溶隙、溶孔为主加少量小型溶洞构成了一个统一的互相连通的地下水空隙网络系统，为地下水的运移、储存提供了通道和空间。岩溶水流在此空隙网络系统内具有渗流性质，流态以层流为主，形成一个基本统一的单斜扇形水动力网，并具有统一的水化学场，该盆地分间接补给、直接补给、汇集排泄和汇集四人输导功能区。并在汇集区形成了具有供水意义的大型岩溶水水源地。 相似文献
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渤海湾盆地渤中凹陷西南环古生界深埋碳酸盐岩潜山天然气获得重大突破,钻井揭示古生界气层垂向上显示分段性特征,该区储层主要受岩溶作用的控制,认识研究区岩溶垂向分带特征是预测优质储层和油气分布的关键。文章利用岩心、薄片、电性特征、能谱测井U 值、C、O、Sr 同位素等资料,结合水动力作用的大小、方向,综合分析认为,岩溶储层垂向具有分带性特征,自上而下分为表层风化带、垂直渗流带、水平潜流带和深部缓流带,且其岩电特征与溶蚀作用强差异性控制了储层发育段。研究表明优质储层主要分布于表层风化带、水平潜流带,且分别在不整合面以下20 m 范围内和距不整合面50~200 m,此外在溶蚀作用弱的深部缓流带,白云岩发育区则是潜在优质储层发育带。明确岩溶垂向分带特征及储层发育规律,对下一步碳酸盐岩区油气勘探具有一定的指导意义。 相似文献
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Four new Trichoptera species: Kliganigadukia taymyrensis gen. et sp. nov. (Hydrobiosidae), Archaeopolycentra yantardakh sp. nov. (Polycentropodidae), Taymyrodipseudon protopegasus gen. et sp. nov. (Dipseudopsidae), and Siberoclea parapolaria gen. et sp. nov. (Leptoceridae) from Late Cretaceous amber (Santonian, Kheta Formation, 85 Ma) of Taymyr (Siberia, Russian Federation) are described and illustrated. Data on the Cretaceous amber Trichoptera (13 families, 20 genera, 29 species) are summarized and discussed. 相似文献
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Most of the rocks in Precambrian shield areas have experienced a complex structural and metamorphic evolution, processes which have a strong influence on bedrock quality. The properties vary on both a local and a regional scale. It is highly beneficial to know the variations in detail when exploiting the rocks for industrial purposes. The main objective of the investigation was to study the variation of rock mechanical properties in an originally more or less isotropic rock at various stages of ductile deformation. The rocks investigated were Paleoproterozoic and with ages of ca. 1.80-1.88 Ga, and the areas chosen for sampling were situated north-east of Lake Vänern (Kristinehamn; 10 samples), south of the city of Eskilstuna, South Central Sweden (5 samples) and south of Ödeshög, near Lake Vättern in southern Sweden (7 samples). The 12 samples from the latter two areas are described in this investigation, while the 10 samples from Kristinehamn have been published earlier (Göransson et al., 2004). A comprehensive study of various parameters of importance for bedrock quality has been performed on all samples, e.g. studded tyre test (STT) and Los Angeles test (LA), uniaxial compressive strength (UCS), ultrasonic velocity, perimeter measurements of mineral phases, and petrographic and chemical analyses. The weakly deformed and massive (more or less isotropic) rocks show a tendency towards better properties of abrasion (STT) than the strongly deformed rocks and this can also be said for UCS, reflecting the greater ability of rocks to split along foliation planes. This is not entirely unambiguous, as the more deformed rocks, such as the mylonites, may have varying properties. This depends on the combined effects of, e.g. grain size, recrystallisation and foliation. However, the brittleness (LA) shows somewhat better values with increased deformation. This may depend on higher amounts of dark minerals, as their existence does not affect this test as much as in the case of abrasion tests. The perimeter values of the mineral phases display generally higher values, i.e. grain boundaries for the more strongly deformed rocks are more complicated. However, the values for the investigated mylonites may vary between low and high. The lower value may be due to dynamic recrystallisation and the creation of triple points (static recrystallisation) making the rock weaker. Besides, the development of a strong foliation may decrease rock strength despite the usually finer grain size. The results show that it is extremely important to consider all possible variations of bedrock before classification and exploitation, as the bedrock material in fact is highly heterogeneous. 相似文献
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Muriel Rocher Stéphane Baize Stéphane Jaillet Edward Marc Cushing Yannick Lozac&#x;h Francis Lemeille 《Comptes Rendus Geoscience》2003,335(8):701-708
Calcite samples were extracted both from the rock matrix and the superficial coating of a karstified fault plane of an underground quarry, located in the eastern border of the Paris basin. The karstification is dated as Quaternary. Analysis of mechanical calcite twinning reveals that only the calcite matrix has also undergone a compression trending WNW that can be attributed to the Mio-Pliocene alpine collision. Both coating and matrix have undergone a strike-slip regime with σ1 roughly trending north–south, that could correspond to the regional present-day state of stress, a strike-slip compression rather trending NNW, modified by local phenomena. To cite this article: M. Rocher et al., C. R. Geoscience 335 (2003). 相似文献
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The study of the schists from Lotru valley (Carpathians mountains, Romania) shows the role of stress in graphite crystallinity. The carbonaceous material was separated and studied by X-ray diffraction and Raman microspectrometry. There exists a clear contrast between the crystallization degree of graphite found in the quartz–muscovite schists (good) and that found in the quartzites (poor). This observation is in conformity with a clear differentiation of fabric. The graphite suffered an anisotropic deformation in the graphitic schists, whereas it was protected from deformation by quartz in the quartzites. In this last case, the development of graphite from the organic material took place with a volume decrease, protected by the surrounding quartz. To cite this article: S.-C. Barzoi, B. Guy, C. R. Geoscience 334 (2002) 89–95. 相似文献
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Abstract: Sn, B and Pb-Zn skarn, vein and disseminated deposits occur in the eastern part of Sikhote-Alin fold system associated with the late Cretaceous-earliest Paleogene volcano-plutonic complexes, which are products of a continental margin-type subduction along the East Sikhote-Alin belt. There are two metallogenic zones where the ore deposits are concentrated. The Taukha metallogenic zone combining B and Pb-Zn skarn, vein and disseminated deposits occurs on the main volcanic chain along the Japan Sea coast. Late Cretaceous-earliest Paleogene calc-alkaline plutonic and volcanic rocks of magnetite series predominate here. Volcanic rocks overlie on the lower Cretaceous Taukha terrane which consists of abundant olistostromes with numerous olistoliths of Triassic limestones. During the middle-late Cretaceous time, an ignimbrite erupted and formed a huge borosilicate skarn deposit. A later subduction related volcanism of the late Cretaceous-earliest Paleogene stage (70–55 Ma) was predominated by andesites and rhyodacites. Many Pb-Zn skarn and vein deposits were formed. Sulfur isotope compositions of galena in the B and Pb-Zn deposits of the Taukha metallogenic zone vary from –1. 3 to +2. 0%, averaging 0% in the δ34 S. 相似文献
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The applanation of mountain belts that results in peneplain is generally considered to be caused by the long-term activity of erosion. Peneplanation has been previously defined as the lowering of an elevated topography and the concomitant subduing of its relief. We propose a model following which piedmont sedimentation induces the base level rise, allowing applanation to develop at high elevation and resulting in an elevated ‘peneplain’. This model is illustrated by the morphological evolution of the southern flank of the Pyrenees during the Cainozoic. To cite this article: J. Babault, J. Van Den Driessche, C. R. Geoscience 337 (2005). 相似文献
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Jean-Gabriel Bréhéret Jean-Jacques Macaire Amélie Fleury Agathe Fourmont Ingeborg Soulié-Märsche 《Comptes Rendus Geoscience》2003,335(5):479-485
The autochthonous magnesian carbonates and the gypsum depicted in the Holocene deposits from the ‘Marais de Sarliève’ (Limagne, France) result from an alkaline, magnesian and sulphated composition of waters. This is also recorded by the composition of algal micro- and macrophytes. This may be explained by the dissolved fluxes from the Oligocene catchment and from a restriction. During the historical period, the lake evolved towards a lesser restriction. To cite this article: J.-G. Bréhéret et al., C. R. Geoscience 335 (2003). 相似文献
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The spatial distribution and source of arsenic, copper, tin and zinc within the surface sediments of the Fal Estuary, Cornwall, UK 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
Duncan Pirrie Matthew R. Power Gavyn Rollinson† G. Simon Camm Susan H. Hughes Alan R. Butcher‡ Peta Hughes‡ 《Sedimentology》2003,50(3):579-595
ABSTRACT Estuarine sediments commonly form major sinks for contaminants released during industrial activity. Many industrial processes lead to the release of metals initially in solution, which can then be adsorbed on to, for example, Fe hydroxides or clay minerals. However, in the mining industry, there are two major contaminant waste streams: (1) metals discharged in solution via mine drainage; and (2) particulate grains of the ore‐forming or related minerals released after ore processing. The release of particulate waste can have a major long‐term impact on environmental geochemistry. In this study, we have mapped the distribution of arsenic, copper, tin and zinc within the surficial sediments of the Fal Estuary, Cornwall, UK, an area that drains a historically important polymetallic mining district. There are clear spatial variations in the contaminants, with the highest levels (> 2800 p.p.m. As, > 5000 p.p.m. Cu, > 3000 p.p.m. Sn and > 6000 p.p.m. Zn) within Restronguet Creek on the western side of the estuary. Mineralogical studies show that small (< 20 µm) grains of detrital arsenopyrite, chalcopyrite, cassiterite and sphalerite are very abundant within the surface sediments. Most of the sulphide grains are fractured, but mineralogically unaltered, although some grains show alteration rims caused by oxidation of the sulphides. The geochemistry and mineralogy are indicative of sediment supply from the discharge of particulate waste into the estuary during historical mining activity. Subsequently, this particulate waste has been largely physically and biologically reworked within the surface sediments. Although considerable effort has been made to minimize contaminants released via mine drainage into the estuary, the potential flux of contaminants present within the intertidal and subtidal sediments has not been addressed. Benthic invertebrates living within the area have adapted to be metal tolerant, and it is likely that the dominant source of bioavailable metals is a result of alteration of the particulate mine waste present within the intertidal and subtidal sediments. 相似文献
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The effect of water on accessory phase solubility in subaluminous and peralkaline granitic melts 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
The solubilities of columbite, tantalite, wolframite, rutile, zircon and hafnon were determined as a function of the water contents in peralkaline and subaluminous granite melts. All experiments were conducted at 1035 °C and 2 kbar and the water contents of the melts ranged from nominally dry to approximately 6 wt.% H2O. Accessory phase solubilities are not affected by the water content of the peralkaline melt. By contrast, solubilities are affected by the water content of the subaluminous melt, where the solubilities of all the accessory phases examined increase with the water content of the melt, up to 2 wt.% H2O. At higher water contents, solubilities are nearly constant. It can be concluded that water is not an important control of accessory phase solubility, although the water content will affect diffusivities of components in the melt, thus whether or not accessory phases will be present as restite material. The solubility behaviour in the subaluminous and peralkaline melts supports previous spectroscopic studies, which have observed differences in the coordination of high field strength elements in dry vs. wet subaluminous granitic glasses, but not for peralkaline granitic glasses. Lastly, the fact that wolframite solubility increases with increasing water content in the subaluminous melt suggests that tungsten dissolved as a hexavalent species. 相似文献
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Coastal aquifers are subjected to natural seawater intrusion. Laboratory experiments were made to model the hydraulic conditions of saltwater inflow into a porous karstic conduit through which the freshwater flows. The conceptual model is based on the functioning scheme of the coastal karst system Almyros of Heraklion, Crete. The experiments show that seawater intrusion in a karst conduit can be diffuse, does not always lead to density separation of freshwater and seawater, and is not necessarily related to a conduit-network directly connected to the sea. To cite this article: B. Arfib, J. Ganoulis, C. R. Geoscience 336 (2004). 相似文献