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1.
Tourism as a local development strategy in South Africa 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
The promotion of tourism has been identified as a key strategy that can lead to economic upliftment, community development and poverty relief in the developing world. In the last few years, tourism has also emerged as a significant development option in post–apartheid South Africa. In the context of some current debates on tourism in poor countries, the paper examines how economic, social and environmental resources are being utilized to promote tourism as a local economic development strategy in South Africa, and more specifically it focuses on current local government endeavours in this regard and two communities that have suffered the loss of their economic resource base. Tourism–based development initiatives, one in KwaZulu–Natal and one in the Western Cape, are evaluated in the context of generating economic growth, alleviating poverty and addressing the apartheid legacy of discrimination and inequality. The significance of the dynamics of development processes involved in these initiatives has much wider relevance for local economic development, both within South Africa and elsewhere. 相似文献
2.
Sun,sea, sand and tsunami: examining disaster vulnerability in the tourism community of Khao Lak,Thailand 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
The impact of the 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami on coastal tourism communities highlights the vulnerability of tourism destinations to external shocks. Based on fieldwork conducted in Thailand in the wake of this disaster, this paper addresses one fundamental question: what sociopolitical and environmental conditions contributed to the vulnerability of the affected tourism community of Khao Lak in the southern Phang Nga Province. We argue that an understanding of the root causes of destination vulnerability is vital not only for the successful implementation of regional recovery plans, but also for building long‐term resilience against future shocks. In the absence of an appropriate tourism vulnerability framework, this paper analyzes Khao Lak's vulnerability through an innovative theoretical framework comprised of the sustainability vulnerability framework, relational scale and place. The findings reveal that Khao Lak's vulnerability is shaped by 13 interlinked factors. These are the complex outcomes of social norms and developmental and dynamic governance processes driven by the competing agendas and scaled actions of key government and industry stakeholders. The identification and understanding of the drivers of Khao Lak's vulnerability and a strong vulnerability framework have significant implications for the wider tourism community. First, the empirical findings provide tourism communities with a blueprint for understanding the foundations of their vulnerability to external shocks. Second, the tourism vulnerability framework presented here provides destination communities and government stakeholders with an analytical tool through which to analyze their unique sociopolitical conditions. Together, these empirical and theoretical contributions bring us closer to securing sustainable livelihood futures for tourism dependent communities. 相似文献
3.
经济地理学视角下的旅游发展理论演进 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
经济地理学是一门非常活跃和发展演化很快的学科.近30年来,经济地理学的发展演化带动了旅游发展理论的演变.回顾旅游发展理论研究的进展,依次有依附理论、生命周期理论、社区研究方法、福特主义、弹性专业化和全球商品链理论,这些理论在旅游方面的应用和研究,从时间和数量上都明显滞后于生产实践活动,说明旅游研究还处于经济地理学科"边缘化"的地位.在今天经济全球化的背景下,旅游产业在迅猛发展之时,旅游发展理论的建设更应与经济地理学紧密结合,由"边缘"走向"核心". 相似文献
4.
The economy of Western Australia has long been characterized by a heavy dependence on extractive industries. The past decade, however, has seen the mining industry expand very rapidly, with significant implications for the small towns that support the sector. In this article, we consider the socio-economic performance of these towns through an assessment of unemployment, welfare dependence and incomes. In contrast to many other studies of resource boomtowns that typically focus on a single locality or time period, in this study we focus explicitly on spatial and temporal variability. We examine the ways in which place-specific characteristics—the commodity produced, local economic diversity and basic demographic features of a town—interact and have contributed to change in socio-economic well-being of mining communities across Western Australia over a 10-year period. 相似文献
5.
This paper examines tourism development on Vancouver Island, B.C. in terms of the core-periphery approach to regional planning. It examines whether a core area (Victoria) is willing to share its tourism business with the rest of the island, and then focuses on the situation in a peripheral region (the Cowichan Valley Regional District–CVRD). A discriminant analysis of CVRD residents reveals they have different views regarding tourism's potential and future in their region. A follow-up analysis, reflecting a change in the scale of enquiry and local core-periphery conditions, shows residents'perceptions and priorities will change according to their respective area groupings. This analysis reveals that residents of a peripheral region, who are expected to participate in and welcome tourism development initiatives developed by senior levels of government, will in fact have different opinions regarding the industry and its potential. These differences are linked to present levels of tourism activity within the periphery and the varying community aspirations linking tourism's development potential with local needs and priorities. 相似文献
6.
旅游发展对古村落村民公民性建构的影响——以开平古碉楼群为例 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
中国古村落是一个相对稳定和封闭的微社会,但当古村落作为世界文化遗产地得到旅游开发后,新的经济方式的介入以及大量游客的进入,对古村落村民的思想、生活等产生了重大冲击。研究发现,世界文化遗产地开平碉楼群随着旅游开发程度的不同,所在地村民呈现出公民性的差异。研究借助所建构的“公民性”指标,在证明旅游作为3个已开发古村落的主要经济驱动力的情况下,指出旅游开发越充分的古村落,村民的公民性越强。从而揭示出旅游作为一种改变古村落经济模式的主要驱动力,在中国3个地理位置毗邻、治理模式一致、风土民情相似的古村落中,因其发展带来了“公民性”普世伦理的出现。该研究回答了“公民性”这一普世的人类文明标尺在中国传统社会中产生的过程和机制,研究价值层面或对中国尚显薄弱的道德地理学的发展具有一定裨益。 相似文献
7.
区域旅游经济与生态环境之间存在压力与响应关系。以黄河流域9个省区为研究对象,以2004—2018年为考察时段,运用旅游经济发展指数、生态环境压力指数和动态变动指数对旅游经济发展和生态环境压力的时空特征进行分析,并借助解耦分析模型对两大系统的解耦过程给予动态研究。结果表明：（1）在空间上,旅游经济发展在黄河流域呈东高西低、南高北低的空间分布特征。生态环境压力则具有显著的河段差异性特征,上游省区生态环境压力较小,而中下游省区环境压力较大且生态治理形势严峻。（2）在时间上,青海、甘肃和宁夏旅游经济呈起点较低但发展较快的特征,而河南与山东起点较高但变化不大。生态环境压力变化并未呈现显著的空间分布规律,山西为生态环境压力变动低等级省区。（3）多数省区旅游经济发展与生态环境压力两大系统2004—2018年呈由扩张性耦合到弱解耦、由弱负解耦到强解耦状态转变,解耦关系趋向良性方向发展。最后,从发展生态旅游经济、注重生态环境治理、建立系统解耦机制等方面提出黄河流域旅游经济与生态环境的系统解耦与响应策略。 相似文献
8.
《Urban geography》2013,34(2):129-159
This paper examines the advertising themes and rhetoric that have been assembled in the place-marketing of Shanghai's newly built gated communities. We demonstrate how place-marketing strategies, in this case selling the Chinese dream home, draws upon specific landscape meanings and values that are embedded in Chinese/Shanghainese history, even as symbolic and cultural capital from the contemporary scene also exert their influences. Collectively, these representations of the good life both reflect and reinforce the exclusivist housing aspirations and privatist visions of middle-class residents of gated communities in contemporary Shanghai. While advertisements do not always achieve the outcomes that property developers wish for, there is no doubt that they play significant roles in both shaping and reflecting landscape meanings and values. As medium and outcome, they reveal the growing aspirations of a new Chinese middle class. 相似文献
9.
中国省际旅游发展质量特征及空间差异 总被引：5，自引：3，他引：2
从旅游发展质量内涵出发,建立包括5 个子系统共31 个指标组成的综合评价指标体系及旅游"质"-"量"发展协调度评价模型。基于旅游发展质量的测度,判定旅游发展"质"与"量"的协调发展度,并结合旅游发展速度进行分析。研究表明:① 旅游发展质量整体水平不高,空间差异明显,东部 > 中部 > 西部,31 个省区划分为高质量、中高质量、中低质量、低质量4 种类型,旅游产品等子系统发展质量也存在明显的空间分异性;② 旅游发展质量与旅游经济规模等指标的关联性特征表明,传统的旅游经济统计指标并不能反映旅游发展质量的高低;③按协调发展度各省旅游发展质量可划分为良好协调发展型、中度协调发展型、勉强协调发展型、中度失调发展型4 种类型,多数省区为中度协调发展型与勉强协调发展型;④ 基于局部加权回归(LOESS)的曲线拟合发现,随着协调发展度的提升,旅游发展速度总体上呈现出较显著的回落趋势。 相似文献
10.
Sarah F. Trainor Monika Calef David Natcher F. Stuart Chapin III A. David McGuire Orville Huntington Paul Duffy T. Scott Rupp La'Ona DeWilde Mary Kwart Nancy Fresco & Amy Lauren Lovecraft 《Polar research》2009,28(1):100-118
This paper explores whether fundamental differences exist between urban and rural vulnerability to climate-induced changes in the fire regime of interior Alaska. We further examine how communities and fire managers have responded to these changes and what additional adaptations could be put in place. We engage a variety of social science methods, including demographic analysis, semi-structured interviews, surveys, workshops and observations of public meetings. This work is part of an interdisciplinary study of feedback and interactions between climate, vegetation, fire and human components of the Boreal forest social–ecological system of interior Alaska. We have learned that although urban and rural communities in interior Alaska face similar increased exposure to wildfire as a result of climate change, important differences exist in their sensitivity to these biophysical, climate-induced changes. In particular, reliance on wild foods, delayed suppression response, financial resources and institutional connections vary between urban and rural communities. These differences depend largely on social, economic and institutional factors, and are not necessarily related to biophysical climate impacts per se. Fire management and suppression action motivated by political, economic or other pressures can serve as unintentional or indirect adaptation to climate change. However, this indirect response alone may not sufficiently reduce vulnerability to a changing fire regime. More deliberate and strategic responses may be required, given the magnitude of the expected climate change and the likelihood of an intensification of the fire regime in interior Alaska. 相似文献
11.
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12.
安徽省旅游政策变迁及其空间 n.响应研究 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
借助于经济学供给需求分析视角,构建旅游政策变迁及其空间响应的理论框架,根据新制度经济学路径依赖理论和利益集团理论,探寻旅游政策变迁的路径和动因,揭示旅游政策变迁和旅游空间结构发展演化的内在联系。并以安徽省为例,根据改革开放之后安徽省旅游业发展的不同阶段,将旅游政策变迁划分为形成期、密集期和协调融合期3个时期,其空间响应状态分别为点状格局、单一板块格局和多板块空间格局。分析得出,在中国经济体制转轨的背景下,旅游发展由政府主导型向市场主导型转变,旅游政策在不同时期通过其作用机制引导、激励利益主体投资建设旅游节点、交通设施等行为,推动旅游空间格局由点状格局向板块格局发展演化,旅游政策的空间响应强度取决于政府对信息的掌握程度和政策对利益主体的激励程度。 相似文献
13.
Jesse Abrams Erin C. Pischke Amarella Eastmond Chelsea A. Silva Cassandra Moseley 《社会与自然资源》2019,32(5):548-565
Rural communities worldwide are increasingly confronted with the simultaneous impacts of environmental change dynamics and processes of economic restructuring that diminish traditional sources of state support while shifting investments toward large-scale intensive production models. A key question in this context is how livelihoods are affected by these interacting forces of change and whether new production models can contribute to resilience at the household and community scales. Here we examine the impacts of oil palm production on marginal rural communities in Mexico that have experienced both the economic changes associated with neoliberal policy reforms and the dynamics of environmental change. We find that oil palm production can contribute to livelihood resilience when community members participate in its management and governance and when production is associated with state support, but that the kinds of neoliberal policies promoting oil palm expansion may exacerbate existing community vulnerabilities in the face of environmental change. 相似文献
14.
旅游驱动的乡村振兴实践及发展路径 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
归纳案例地为摆脱贫困适应时代需要的具体实践过程,从“三个转向”（产业转向、管理转向、空间转向）解析旅游驱动的乡村振兴实践,总结旅游业驱动乡村振兴的一般机制及路径,为理解旅游业在乡村振兴中发挥的作用提供新视角。研究发现：① 发展旅游业是旅游资源富足的贫困地区脱贫致富,实现乡村振兴的主渠道和中坚力量;② 武陵源区主导产业由林业转向旅游业这一过程,为实现乡村振兴实践提供动力基础;景区经营权与管理权的分离,促进乡村经济的发展;“景区游,城区住”的格局加速了武陵源区乡村振兴的步伐;③ 武陵源区在长期发展实践中形成了“旅游产业发展→旅游小镇发育壮大→乡村振兴→城乡融合”之实践模式;④ 加快推进旅游业态创新,不断增加农民收入,加强乡风建设,以政府为主导,加速基础设施建设是资源富足贫困地区实现乡村振兴的必由之路。 相似文献
15.
Mark P. Hampton 《Singapore journal of tropical geography》2010,31(2):239-253
Cross‐border tourism is often proposed by governments as an incentive for economic growth, but critics have suggested that its impacts are, in fact, overplayed. This paper presents research in the Indonesia‐Malaysia‐Singapore Growth Triangle (IMS‐GT). It examines the broad economic impacts of Singaporean cross‐border tourism on local host communities in two locations: Kukup, a traditional Malaysian fishing village in Johor, southern Peninsular Malaysia, and Bintan in Riau Islands Province in western Indonesia. The study found that cross‐border tourism generated income, employment and some local economic linkages. In Kukup clear economic benefits with increased income and employment were unevenly distributed between ethnic groups. The Bintan enclave development had some linkages to the island economy but was reliant on immigrant labour. Cross‐border ethnic ties, particularly Chinese, also played an important role in the growth of tourism in the IMS‐GT. The paper shows that cross‐border tourism can be a useful addition to more conventional forms of international tourism within national tourism planning and could lead to significant economic benefits for local communities. 相似文献
16.
消费转型背景下度假型旅游地时空修复——基于三亚海棠湾的案例研究 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
消费转型背景下旅游目的地供需失衡矛盾凸显,由此引致了目的地新一轮的结构性调整,然而这一现象并未引起学界足够重视,现有的理论框架在解释力度上也存在明显不足。本文在详细剖析时空修复理论研究成果的基础上,结合中国情境与旅游情境,提出了资本应对消费转型的一般框架,分析了三亚海棠湾时空修复的整体历程,并揭示了案例背后的制度逻辑。研究表明：资本以时空修复的方式完成了对消费转型的应对。其中,时空修复的经济维度包括资本的空间修复与时间修复,在三亚海棠湾,空间修复突出的表现为地理扩张与空间重组,时间修复则重点表现在二级循环的缓建、停建及其向三级循环的跃迁。时空修复的非经济维度方面,政府部门藉由尺度重组用以促进资本的循环与积累,通过尺度上推,借助意识形态与城市战略,构建了资本空间运行的合法性;通过尺度下推,藉由绩效优先原则与权力下放策略,支持与服务资本的空间运行。但政府的部分行为在某种程度上干扰了市场秩序,延缓危机的同时制造了更大的隐患。此外,时空修复与尺度重组之间存在着理论关联,消费转型使得原有资本节律失常,地域组织通过尺度重组搭建起全新的地理架构,为资本的时空修复提供了相对稳定的地理平台。本文完善了时空修复的理论框架,部分回应了消费市场的理性回归对度假地的可能影响。 相似文献
17.
我国入境旅游和经济增长关系分析 总被引：37，自引：0，他引：37
文章分析了入境旅游发展的区域差异，并用Granger因果检验来考察入境旅游和各区域经济增长之间是否存在相应的因果关系，Granger因果检验的结果表明在东部地区，入境旅游和经济增长存在单向因果关系。东部地区的入境旅游对区域的经济增长产生显著影响。但是全国和中西部地区的入境旅游与经济增长之间不存在显著的因果关系。类似地，东部地区入境旅游增长是其第三产业增长的Granger原因。但是全国和中西部地区的入境旅游和相应区域第三产业的增长并不存在显著的因果关系。在区域层面上。只有少数区域支持入境旅游是区域GDP增长的Granger原因，它们是东部地区的北京、广东、上海、天津、福建、江苏、浙江、海南和广西；中部地区的黑龙江和湖南以及西部地区的云南和陕西。在这些省区市。入境旅游对区域经济增长产生显著的影响。但总体而言，入境旅游在我国还没有足够的发展。 相似文献
18.
基于ArcGIS和YaAHP评价法,从沙丘相对高度、坡度、日平均气温≥10℃持续时间、与水体距离、与沙漠距离和与居民点(公路)距离等方面评价宁夏中卫市沙坡头区沙漠旅游适宜性,并结合土地利用现状对沙坡头区进行沙漠旅游主体功能区划。结果表明:研究区沙漠旅游适宜性可分为5类区域,即高、较高、中、较低和低适宜性区域;研究区沙漠旅游主体功能区划分为沙漠旅游开发区、沙漠旅游适度开发区、沙漠旅游不适宜开发区和沙漠旅游限制区。根据功能区划,提出了相应的调控措施,以期为宁夏中卫市沙漠旅游的合理开发提供一定的参考。 相似文献
19.
遗产地农村社区参与旅游发展的制度嵌入性——丹霞山瑶塘村与断石村比较研究 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
基于制度嵌入性理论,采用质性研究方法,采取主位的研究立场,揭示正式制度与非正式制度对农村社区参与旅游发展的约束与影响。研究发现：遗产地农村社区参与旅游发展是一个制度约束下的理性行动过程,同时嵌入在多层正式制度和非正式制度中;不同农村社区在参与旅游发展过程中,由于制度嵌入的差异,导致相异的行动决策和发展结果,社区内部非正式制度嵌入的差异是主要影响因素;当社区内部非正式制度脱嵌时,外部正式制度的有效嵌入是协调遗产地与社区发展的关键因素。研究认为,制度嵌入性范式可以深入地解释不同农村社区参与旅游发展的差异性,为中国农村社区参与旅游发展的增权行动、制度设计和监督管理提供有益参考。 相似文献
20.
基于景观资源特色、区域发展水平、区位条件、知名度和管理水平等,将中国近千处岩溶景观区分为四大类,即岩溶旅游胜地、岩溶旅游经典目的地、岩溶旅游新目的地、岩溶旅游新开发区。以时间为主线,运用归纳总结法和类比分析法,深入分析中国岩溶景观近70年以来的旅游开发方式。结果表明：1）1950年以来实施并分别取得不同实施效果的主要旅游开发方式有9类38种,它们分别有不同的条件要求,与不同类型岩溶景观的特征/特色相匹配。2）不同或同一岩溶景观资源共同体/景观区往往具有多种在重要程度、开发效益、发展趋势等方面差异较大的旅游开发方式;反之,同一旅游开发方式则可能在不同岩溶景观资源共同体/景观区的开发中具有不同的实施效果、开发效益和发展趋势。3）总结出特征-利益驱动型无主题分离式开发、特色-科学驱动型主题融合式开发两大开发模式,认为它们均是岩溶旅游在特定阶段的产物,其中前者对促进岩溶旅游的发展和繁荣发挥了非常重要的作用,而后者则融“资源共同体及其特色、科学研究、开发、保护、管理、反馈”等多位一体的新模式,是新形势下岩溶旅游的主要发展趋势之一。最后,运用系统动力学方法,探索主题融合式开发的基本流程：资源共同体及其特色与科学研究分别是“内、外发动机”,以主题为灵魂“发动”衍生出开发、保护、管理、研究（后期）、反馈等运行体系。 相似文献