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论扬子地区上奥陶统五峰组观音桥段的深海成因 总被引：9，自引：0，他引：9
通过对沉积速率与现代深海沉积速率的比较及古生态学、生物古地理学、海平面变化以及沉积特征综合的分析 ,认为观音桥段形成于深海环境中 ,且属深海等深流沉积。奥陶 -志留系之交广泛发生的高频火山事件可能是生物灭绝的主要和直接原因 ,而火山事件、铱和碳同位素异常事件与志留纪初期缺氧事件在奥陶 -志留系之交的耦合作用可能是 H irnantia- Dalmanitina动物群的灭绝的主要原因。 相似文献
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四川南部布拖地区位于扬子块体周缘盆地构造的西南缘,属于楚雄前陆盆地与小江断裂系的北部,其地层古生物研究,可为华南古陆构造演化提供可靠的基础地质资料和证据。根据布拖地区志留系3条剖面的生物地层研究,认为本地区志留系主要发育Llandovery世,缺失Wenlock、Ludlow和Pridoli世的地层,其地层序列自下而上为:龙马溪组、布拖组(新名)、石门坎组(厘定)、乌科组(新名)、大路寨组和莱地湾组,在志留纪Llandovery晚期,该地区抬升为陆地,直至二叠纪早期再次接受沉积。通过与扬子块体其他地区志留系的对比研究,提出布拖地区与扬子块体的志留纪具有相同和类似地质发展史,表明整个扬子块体为稳定的、以浅海沉积为主的沉积区;在扬子块体上,下红层底、顶界是穿时的;初步分析布拖地区志留系的沉积环境,认为从康滇古陆到布拖沉积区,是一个从陆地到浅海的古地理格局,扬子地块西缘不存在较深或深海的环境。 相似文献
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扬子区志留纪晚期(罗德洛世—普里道利世)地层发育、划分对比及古地理和古环境特征,对于认识“广西运动”对华南地质作用的影响过程具有重要意义。本文通过对扬子区45条剖面进行实地考察或研究,开展了以生物地层学为主的综合地层学研究,旨在揭示志留纪晚期地层的时空分布特征;确定了志留纪晚期地层的划分对比,勾绘了扬子区志留纪晚期地层的2个分布区——周缘沉积区和台地内部沉积区,含有7个沉积亚区。周缘区发育正常海湾,以正常浅海沉积和动物化石类群为特征;而内部区发育表现“分散”,实属相互连通的极浅的陆表非正常海,以极浅水、淡化海、无正常浅海动物化石、陆生植物化石发育为特征。经剖面解析和综合讨论后确认:扬子区志留系发育不全,志留纪兰多维列世特列奇晚期到罗德洛世中晚期(约10 Myr)几乎空缺无沉积。上述认识进一步深化了对扬子上升的解译,并识别出4种表现型式。在大时间尺度上,扬子上升是扬子台地古生代地质发展史上规模最大的一次整体上升运动(沉积间断长达～40—～150Myr)。以剖面研究为依据,本文提出广西运动最早发生和最先结束均在珠江区,较扬子区发生早大约10Myr,结束早大约4—5Myr;广西运动最后作用的... 相似文献
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鄂西宜昌地区晚奥陶世—早志留世页岩气藏的主控地质因素与富集模式 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
湖北宜昌地区奥陶系五峰组—志留系龙马溪组年代和岩石地层格架显示,宜昌地区奥陶系—志留系界线附近地层连续,但自南而北在早志留世鲁丹阶上部至埃隆阶下部有不同程度的笔石带缺失,并由此造成了富有机质页岩厚度的减薄。页岩微量元素V/Cr、Ni/Co、V/(V+Ni)的比值和化学蚀变指数(CIA)指示,宜昌地区在奥陶纪凯迪期晚期—志留纪埃隆期早期总体处于缺氧-贫氧海洋环境和寒冷干燥的气候条件,富有机质页岩的厚度变化受气候变冷所引起的海平下降和宜昌上升作用的双重影响。页岩中总有机碳含量(TOC),受海底氧化还原环境和海底有机碳通量(Mo-xs)的双重制约。由于不同古地理部位TOC与Ni-xs的相关性不同,在盆地靠近隆起一侧,TOC与Mo-xs的相关性明显高于TOC与Ni-xs的相关性,据此,并结合同期地层碳酸盐碳同位素具有负偏特征,与全球其他地区同期碳同位素组成特点相反,推测奥陶纪凯迪期晚期—志留纪埃隆期早期可能因海平面下降或宜昌上升作用导致海底发生了天然气水合物的溶解和甲烷释放,并由此引起海底有机碳通量的升高,促进有机质的聚集保存。页岩中总有机碳含量与页岩的含气性和孔隙度具有明显的相关性,但孔隙度主要受储层的渗透率和岩石类型制约,与储层的含气性关系不明显,证明孔隙不是页岩气富集的最主要因素。由于储层的含气性主要受控于优质储层的厚度、总有机碳含量和压力系数,因此,有利的沉积相带和良好的保存条件是志留系页岩气藏的主控地质因素。具体到宜昌地区奥陶系五峰组—志留系龙马溪页岩气保存富集上,奥陶纪—志留纪过渡时期中,扬子台地内部坳陷盆地的形成和其中广泛发育的富有机质页岩是页岩气形成富集的基础。而宜昌地区古老基底的发育及其从三叠纪晚期之后开始的缓慢抬升,导致志留系页岩气储层埋深浅,生气高峰时间晚,是志留系页岩气富集保存的关键。 相似文献
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在华北板块北缘东段辽宁与内蒙古交界的库伦旗地区新发现了以晚古生代变质火山岩为主体的库伦杂岩.通过剖面测制,确定库伦杂岩岩石组合包括凝灰岩、安山岩及变沉积岩.凝灰岩锆石LA-ICP-MS U-Pb同位素测试结果为391.0±3.7 Ma,确定库伦杂岩形成时代为中泥盆世.地球化学特征显示库伦杂岩形成于晚期岛弧环境.通过对新发现的中泥盆世库伦杂岩及相关古生代的沉积事件、岩浆事件及变形的研究,结合本区古生代杂岩、岩浆岩及火山沉积地层研究成果,建立了华北板块北缘东段古生代增生型造山带的构造演化过程,其经历了志留纪活动大陆边缘阶段、泥盆纪弧-陆碰撞阶段、石炭纪—中二叠世活动大陆边缘阶段和晚二叠世碰撞造山阶段.志留系方家屯岩组、西别河岩组形成于弧后盆地环境,反映了奥陶纪—志留纪研究区处于活动大陆边缘环境;泥盆纪库伦杂岩火山-沉积为弧-陆碰撞结果,伴随伸展背景下的岩浆活动.石炭纪—中二叠世研究区在碰撞后伸展背景下重新拉张,接受了白家店岩组、酒局子岩组沉积并导致了佟家屯岩组火山岛弧的形成.晚二叠世古亚洲洋闭合,发生陆-陆碰撞,后造山作用延续到三叠纪. 相似文献
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塔里木盆地东北缘的库鲁克塔格断隆区志留系土什布拉克组顶部的河流沉积是本区古生界第一次出现的陆相地层,表明志留纪本区发生了大规模的海退事件,由滨--浅海转变为陆相冲积环境。向上变粗的沉积序列反映出盆地的快速充填。志留系顶部的大规模角度不整合、志留系由海相转变为陆相的充填特征、前陆隆起和火山弧造山带的物源区背景反映出盆地发育的挤压构造背景。隆升的库鲁克塔格北缘的前陆隆起和火山弧造山带成为库鲁克塔格志留纪盆地的物源区。该区志留纪的海退事件是在前陆隆升的背景下发生的。志留纪盆地是在震旦-奥陶纪裂谷盆地基础上发育的,这种前陆性质盆地的形成与南天山洋自东向西逐渐闭合和塔里木板块顺时针旋转有关; 志留纪盆地的发育与消亡代表了塔里木盆地震旦纪-志留纪-泥盆纪的拉张--挤压成盆旋回的结束。 相似文献
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在系统分析兴蒙造山系新元古代-古生代24个沉积盆地类型、沉积建造、生物地层与年代地层等特征的基础上,划分了6个沉积大地构造演化阶段并对其进行讨论:(1)新元古代-寒武纪早期陆缘增生阶段:额尔古纳地块向南增生并与兴安地块拼贴,形成环宇-新林蛇绿岩拼合带;(2)寒武纪纽芬兰世-第二世陆缘稳定沉积阶段:各地块边缘发育相对稳定的碎屑岩-碳酸盐岩沉积,佳木斯地块受晚泛非造山作用影响;(3)早-中奥陶世多岛弧盆系形成阶段:多宝山地区弧盆系发育,其他地块边缘均有不同强度陆间洋壳俯冲作用;(4)晚奥陶世-志留纪普里道利世多岛弧盆系发展阶段:各地块隆升遭受剥蚀;(5)早泥盆世-早石炭世多岛弧盆系消减阶段:早石炭世晚期额尔古纳-兴安地块与松嫩地块拼贴,佳木斯西缘由被动陆缘转为活动陆缘;(6)晚石炭世-二叠纪乐平世拼合后洋-陆转化阶段:从早石炭世晚期开始至二叠纪末,佳木斯地块分别与松嫩地块、兴凯地块拼贴,至此东北各地块拼贴完成. 相似文献
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Emily Keeble David I. Whiteside Michael J. Benton 《Proceedings of the Geologists' Association. Geologists' Association》2018,129(2):99-119
Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry in South Wales yielded a rich cache of fossils in the early 1950s, including articulated specimens of new species (the small sauropodomorph dinosaur Pantydraco caducus and the crocodylomorph Terrestrisuchus gracilis), but no substantial study of the wider fauna of the Pant-y-ffynnon fissure systems has been published. Here, our overview of existing specimens, a few described but mostly undescribed, as well as freshly processed material, provides a comprehensive picture of the Pant-y-ffynnon palaeo-island of the Late Triassic. This was an island with a relatively impoverished fauna dominated by small clevosaurs (rhynchocephalians), including a new species, Clevosaurus cambrica, described here from a partially articulated specimen and isolated bones. The new species has a dental morphology that is intermediate between the Late Triassic Clevosaurus hudsoni, from Cromhall Quarry to the east, and the younger C. convallis from Pant Quarry to the west, suggesting adaptive radiation of clevosaurs in the palaeo-archipelago. The larger reptiles on the palaeo-island do not exceed 1.5?m in length, including a small carnivorous crocodylomorph, Terrestrisuchus, and a possible example of insular dwarfism in the basal dinosaur Pantydraco. 相似文献
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The effect of water on accessory phase solubility in subaluminous and peralkaline granitic melts 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
The solubilities of columbite, tantalite, wolframite, rutile, zircon and hafnon were determined as a function of the water contents in peralkaline and subaluminous granite melts. All experiments were conducted at 1035 °C and 2 kbar and the water contents of the melts ranged from nominally dry to approximately 6 wt.% H2O. Accessory phase solubilities are not affected by the water content of the peralkaline melt. By contrast, solubilities are affected by the water content of the subaluminous melt, where the solubilities of all the accessory phases examined increase with the water content of the melt, up to 2 wt.% H2O. At higher water contents, solubilities are nearly constant. It can be concluded that water is not an important control of accessory phase solubility, although the water content will affect diffusivities of components in the melt, thus whether or not accessory phases will be present as restite material. The solubility behaviour in the subaluminous and peralkaline melts supports previous spectroscopic studies, which have observed differences in the coordination of high field strength elements in dry vs. wet subaluminous granitic glasses, but not for peralkaline granitic glasses. Lastly, the fact that wolframite solubility increases with increasing water content in the subaluminous melt suggests that tungsten dissolved as a hexavalent species. 相似文献
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Muriel Rocher Stéphane Baize Stéphane Jaillet Edward Marc Cushing Yannick Lozac&#x;h Francis Lemeille 《Comptes Rendus Geoscience》2003,335(8):701-708
Calcite samples were extracted both from the rock matrix and the superficial coating of a karstified fault plane of an underground quarry, located in the eastern border of the Paris basin. The karstification is dated as Quaternary. Analysis of mechanical calcite twinning reveals that only the calcite matrix has also undergone a compression trending WNW that can be attributed to the Mio-Pliocene alpine collision. Both coating and matrix have undergone a strike-slip regime with σ1 roughly trending north–south, that could correspond to the regional present-day state of stress, a strike-slip compression rather trending NNW, modified by local phenomena. To cite this article: M. Rocher et al., C. R. Geoscience 335 (2003). 相似文献
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正20141756 Chen Ruige(Mathematical College,China University of Geosciences,Beijing100083,China);Zhou Xun Numerical Simulation of Groundwater Level Fluctuation in a Coastal Confined Aquifer with Sloping Initial Groundwater Level Induced by the Tide(Geological Bulletin of China,ISSN1671-2552,CN11-4648/P,32(7),2013,p.1099-1104,6 illus.,16 refs.) Key words:confined water,groundwater level 相似文献
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正20141408 Cai Jia(Institute of Geology,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences,Beijing100037,China);Liu Fulai Petrogenesis and Metamorphic P-T Conditions of Garnet-Spinel-Biotitebearing Paragneiss in Danangou Area,Daqingshan-Wulashan Metamorphic Complex Belt(Acta Petrologica Sinica,ISSN1000-0569,CN11-1922/P,29(7), 相似文献
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正20142386An Guoying(China Aero Geophysical Survey and Remote Sensing Center for Land and Resources,Beijing 100083,China)Application of Satellite Remote Sensing in Regional Hydrogeological Investigation:Taking Cenozoic Strata in Wenquan Sheet(1∶250 000)of Karakoram Range as an Example(Geosci- 相似文献
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正20141016An Chengbang(Key Laboratory of Western China’s Environmental Systems,Ministry of Education,Lanzhou University,Lanzhou 730000,China);Zhao Yongtao Lake Records during the Last Glacial Maximum from Xinjiang,NW China and Their Climatic Impli- 相似文献
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正20141538 Cao Qing(School of Earth Sciences and Engineering,Xi’an Petroleum University,Xi’an 710065,China);Zhao Jingzhou Characteristics and Significance of Fluid Inclusions from Majiagou Formation,Yichuan Huangling Area,Ordos Basin(Advances in Earth Science,ISSN1001-8166,CN62-1091/P,28(7),2013,p.819-828,7 illus.,3 tables,43 refs.) 相似文献
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正20142002 Wei Hualing(Institute of Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences,Langfang065000,China);Zhou Guohua Element Content and Mineral Compositions in Different Sizes of Soil in Tongling Area,Anhui Province(Geological Bulletin of China,ISSN1671-2552,CN11-4648/P,32(11),2013,p.1861 相似文献