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摩擦耗散大气中切变流的非线性稳定性 总被引：2，自引：2，他引：2
本文从包含摩擦耗散的非线性准地转方程组和包含摩擦耗散与大地形作用的非线性浅水波方程组出发,使用了Serrin-Joseph的能量方法,利用变分原理,分别用总能量和总位涡拟能导得这两个方程组的切变基流的非线性稳定性判据。 相似文献
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强迫和耗散作用下大气运动的非线性正压不稳定 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
本文从Charney研究多平衡态的包含摩擦耗散、热力强迫和大地形的非线性准地转正压涡度方程出发,应用Serrin-Joseph的能量方法,利用变分原理,分别用总能景和总位涡拟能导得纬向基流的非线性正压稳定性判据。 相似文献
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NONLINEAR BAROTROPIC INSTABILITY INCLUDING FRICTION DISSIPATION,THERMAL DRIVING AND LARGE TOPOGRAPHY* 
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下载免费PDF全文 Lu Weisong 《Acta Meteorologica Sinica》1990,4(2):168-179
From a nonlinear quasi-geostrophic barotropic vorticity equation including frictional dissipation,thermal driving and large topography used by Charney in investigation of the multiple flow equilibria and blocking,using the Serrin-Joseph energy method and the variational principle,we found the nonlinear barotropic stability criteria of the zonal basic flow with the total energy,total enstrophy and their linear combination respectively,and compared the criteria with Charney's results. 相似文献
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广义非线性亚临界湿对称不稳定 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
从含摩擦耗散与凝结潜热的f平面Boussinesq近似下的非线性扰动方程组出发,得到了湿空气中的广义能量方程,推导出非线性亚临界湿对称不稳定的必要条件,并将不稳定判据与干空气情况相比较,首先解析地分析得到凝结加热反馈机制对亚临界对称不稳定的影响。其次针对中尺度大气层结不稳定和稳定的情况,分别计算出初始扰动振幅的临界值,结果表明,相对干空气而言,饱和湿空气情况下,当中尺度大气层结不稳定时,亚临界对称不稳定更容易发生,即使中尺度大气层结稳定,亚临界对称不稳定也容易发生。这一结果改进了干空气下的非线性亚临界对称不稳定理论。 相似文献
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非纬向基流的非线性斜压不稳定 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：2
本文从含Ekman摩擦的非线性两层斜压模式出发,应用Serrin-Joseph的能量方法,按变分原理,分别用扰动总能量、总位涡拟能和两者的线性组合导得了非纬向基流的非线性斜压稳定性判据。并和线性判据作了比较。 相似文献
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局地热力强迫与准定常大振幅扰动的形成 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
文中导得了包括热力强迫和耗散的非线性强迫ＫｄＶ－Ｂｕｒｇｅｒｓ方程,并作了数值求解。计算结果表明,热力强迫和耗散是孤波质量和能量变化的主要原因,耗散使孤波质量能量随时间指数衰减;热力强迫与地形一样,都能在强迫区产生定常孤波,但前者产生的上游扰动振幅更大,而后者产生的下游扰动更为明显;加热和地形一样都能使孤波发生位相漂移,减小其移速,阻挡孤波的移动,从而增加与孤波的相互作用时间;适当大小的耗散与热力强迫的组合迫使移动性孤波在强迫区附近来回振荡,大大增加与热力强迫的相互作用时间;在耗散与热力强迫同时存在的非线性系统中,移动性孤波与热力强迫的相互作用可能是产生阻塞等长生命周期的局地准定常系统的重要因子。 相似文献
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本文使用WKB方法对弱耗散作用下基本气流具有弱切变的行星大气中非线性Rossby波进行了研究,得到了弱耗散的非线性Rossby波振幅所满足的复系数非线性Schrdinger方程,并分别就无耗散和弱耗散的Rossby波的边带稳定性问题进行了讨论,得到了一些新结果. 相似文献
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In the paper,the turbulent dissipation is considered in the model for studying the flow overmountains.The governing equation is a first order ordinary differential equation derived from analgebraic equation without dissipation case.The solution is sensitive to the upstream condition ofdissipation.The dissipation not only reduces the strength of discontinuity but also changes theproperties of the governing equation.In the paper,the qualitative characteristic features of thegoverning equation are discussed.The numerical results with super and sub-critical cases are alsodiscussed in detail.The results show that the turbulent dissipation is an important factor and is notnegligible. 相似文献
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湍流的粘性和频散效应 总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7
本文应用Prandtl混合长理论导得了既包含湍流粘性又包含湍流频散的新的Reynolds平均运动方程组.分析指出:(1)湍流不仅存在粘性效应,而且存在频散效应;(2)正是湍流的频散效应可能导致能量逆转(即常说的负粘性现象,实质为一定条件下的负频散现象),并给出了能量逆转的必要条件和充分条件;(3)给出了湍流的KdV-Burgers方程模型. 相似文献
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An experimental scheme was designed to obtain laboratory-scale verification of Hasselmann's nonlinear wave—wave interaction and white-cap dissipation theories. Water wave height and fluctuating air pressure were measured simultaneously in a fixed reference frame as a function of fetch in the Stanford Wind, Water-Wave Research Facility under the conditions of a steady wind and a stationary wave spectrum. All the data were obtained 5 mm above the highest point of the wind waves for five stations (3 m apart on average) and at three wind speeds (7.1, 8.0 and 8.9 m/sec). The wave height and fluctuating pressure were measured by a capacitance wave-height gauge and a crystal pressure transducer, respectively.Based on the experimental results, Hasselmann's nonlinear wave—wave interaction theory appears to be valid. Barnett's approximate parametric equation for calculating the energy transfer of nonlinear wave—wave interaction and Hasselmann's white-capping dissipation model were also verified and appeared to be applicable in the relatively low and intermediate frequency region of a wave spectrum for a normalized fetch range of 100–500. Based on the results of an overall energy balance in a gravity wind-wave spectrum, the nonlinear wave—wave interaction mechanism is shown to play a dominant role in the energy transfer processes after the wave spectrum is generated. 相似文献
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In the paper,the turbulent dissipation is considered in the model for studying the flow over mountains.The governing equation is a first order ordinary differential equation derived from an algebraic equation without dissipation case.The solution is sensitive to the upstream condition of dissipation.The dissipation not only reduces the strength of discontinuity but also changes the properties of the governing equation.In the paper,the qualitative characteristic features of the governing equation are discussed.The numerical results with super and sub-critical cases are also discussed in detail.The results show that the turbulent dissipation is an important factor and is not negligible. 相似文献
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大气运动的动能在湍流边界层中的耗散 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
在大气能量学中,大气平均运动的动能通过湍流摩擦力转化为脉动运动的能量并最终转化为内能的“变性能量”是大气动能的“汇”,正确估计其大小对研究动能的收支,以至天气系统的生衰,发展均有一定意义。此项由于与湍流通量有关,因而难于从大尺度气象参数计算。以往的研究中,或是将动能平衡方程中其余各项算出,而将此项作为余项估计出,或用地转风由粗浅的边界层模式算出。 相似文献
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本文利用地转动量近似＾「１」并结合行波解的方法,研究了均匀基本气流中的层结大气非线性波动,首先由绝热无磨擦的闭合方程组导得关于垂直Ｐ速度的单一变量的非线性方程,然后讨论了非线性方程解的稳定性,并求得近似的非线性方程的椭圆余弦波和孤立波解及其存在条件。 相似文献
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罗哲贤 《Acta Meteorologica Sinica》1992,50(4):413-419
用一个带有热力强迫和耗散项的准地转正压模式,实施了16组积分时间大于7d的数值试验,研究了在环境流场和环境加热场共同作用下,热带气旋的移动路径问题。结果表明,随着环境流场参数、环境加热场参数和热带气旋尺度参数取值的不同,在模式大气中,清楚地复制出逆时针打转、蛇行摆动、向西移行和突然北折等截然不同的运动形态,并显示出具有非线性特色的临界点现象。 相似文献
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广义非线性亚临界对称稳定性 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：1
从含摩擦耗散的f平面上Boussinesq近似下的非线性方程组出发,提出了一种新的广义能量作为Lyapunov函数,取消平均量是(x,z)的双线性函数的限制,并取平均量是(x,z)的任意函数,由此导出了一种新的广义非线性对称稳定性判据。此稳定性判据表明:不仅耗散系数必须大于某一临界值,而且同时初始扰动振幅也必须小于另一临界值。由此可见,后一条件对前一条件附加了一个很强的约束,当初始扰动振幅大于某一临界值时,容易出现非线性亚临界对称不稳定,它大大改进了以前同类工作的结果。 相似文献
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The mechanism of flattening of surface wind waves in the centimetre wavelength range under the action of internal waves and in the presence of surfactants is considered. It is shown that internal waves give rise to perturbations of surfactant concentration proportional to the orbital velocities of wave particles. Accordingly, the damping coefficient of centimetre wavelength ripples is also modulated. Evolution of the wind wave spectrum is described by the energy balance equation. In the right-hand side of the equation the Phillips excitation mechanism, the Miles mechanism with a nonlinear spectrum limitation, and the dissipation caused by a surface-active film are taken into account. Assuming that the energy source and sink balance of the wind wave spectrum over the centimetre wavelength range is local, relative spectra (contrasts) for the case of gentle breeze are calculated. It is shown that the spectral components of ripples in the slicks can be order less than the uperturbed spectrum values. 相似文献
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THE EFFECTS OF EXTERNAL FORCING,DISSIPATION AND NONLINEARITY ON THE SOLUTIONS OF ATMOSPHERIC EQUATIONS 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1 下载免费PDF全文
下载免费PDF全文 Based on the primitive equations of the atmosphere,we study the effects of external forcing.dissipation and nonlinearity on the solutions of stationary motion and non-stationary motion.Theresults show that the asymptotic behavior of solutions of the forced dissipative nonlinear system isessentially different from that of the adiabatic non-dissipative system,the adiabatic dissipativesystem,the diabatic non-dissipative system and the diabatic dissipative linear system,and that thejoint action of external forcing,dissipation and nonlinearity is the source of multiple equilibria.From this we can conclude that the important actions of diabatic heating and dissipation must beconsidered in the models of the long-term weather and the climate. 相似文献