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1.
钱青  孙晓猛  张旗  韩松  贾秀琴 《地质论评》1999,45(7):1038-1046
本文通过对北祁连九个泉蛇绿岩及其上覆岩系的详细的野外、岩石学和地球化学的研究表明:该区火山岩由多个火山角砾岩—块状玄武岩—凝灰岩的旋回所组成;蛇绿岩之上整合覆盖着一套火山岩—沉积岩组合(蛇绿岩的上覆岩系)。蛇绿岩中玄武岩为典型的N-MORB,其上覆岩系中玄武岩为E-MORB。剖面从下到上,玄武岩中LREE,HFSE含量递增。火山岩的地球化学和沉积岩的岩相学反映了洋壳从扩张中脊向大陆方向迁移的动力学过程,蛇绿岩从形成到侵位的时间间隔较短。  相似文献   

2.
本文对扬子块体南缘构造侵位于板溪群(及相应地层)的皖南和赣东北晚元古代蛇绿岩进行了系统的元素和Sm-Nd同位素地球化学研究,结果表明两套蛇绿岩具有类似的元素地球化学特征,即二者的火山岩元素地球化学特征均类似于形成于弧后盆地构造环境的拉斑玄武岩。但是,两套蛇绿岩的Nd同位素组成明显不同。赣东北蛇绿岩具有相当均一的高εNd(T)值(+5.5±1.2),表明来源于一较亏损的上地幔源区,并且没有受到明显的较成熟地壳物质的混染。相反,皖南蛇绿岩的εNd(T)值低,并有较大的变化范围(+4.5──1.0),并和Sm/Nd、Nd、MgO、SiO2呈明显的二元混合相关关系,表明蛇绿岩是由亏损幔源岩浆(初始εNd(T)≈+5.5)在结晶分异过程中与地壳组分(初始εNd(T)≈-1)混合形成的。皖南和赣东北蛇绿岩的Nd同位素和元素地球化学特征以及该地区的同时代花岗岩和火山岩的时空分布特征,可以用华南和扬子元古宙陆-弧-陆碰撞模式来解释。大约在1.0Ga前,扬子和华南块体之间存在一多岛弧洋盆。大陆边缘岛弧和大洋岛弧在扬子块体南缘发育演化。皖南和赣东北蛇绿岩就是在大陆边缘盆地和弧间盆地演化过程中形成的洋壳构造侵位的碎片。该地区I型  相似文献   

3.
新疆西准噶尔北部科克森套蛇绿岩由辉长岩、辉橄岩、橄辉岩、辉石岩、蛇纹岩、玄武岩、硅质岩、含放射虫硅质板岩及片岩、片麻岩组成。辉长岩化学特征表现为富Al_2O_3、CaO、MgO,贫K_2O、TiO_2特点,与岛弧玄武岩相似。稀土元素与E-MORB特征基本一致,反映岩浆来源于富集地幔。微量元素具大离子亲石元素Rb,Th,K,Sr相对富集,高场强元素Nb,Ta,Ti相对亏损特征,显示与俯冲带流体交代有关。辉长岩锆石年龄(405±4) Ma,代表洋壳形成年代。在构造环境上,科克森套蛇绿混杂岩显示富集洋脊玄武岩特征,形成于岛弧环境,与岛弧消减带扩张环境相一致,因此,科克森套蛇绿混杂岩应形成于早泥盆世。从时间、空间分布及构造环境上,科克森套蛇绿岩与库尔提蛇绿岩、沙尔布拉克蛇绿岩及布尔根蛇绿岩具相似性,为早泥盆世古亚洲洋在准噶尔北缘向西伯利亚板块俯冲所形成的沟-弧-盆体系下的弧后系统,与相邻哈萨克斯坦斋桑蛇绿岩带、蒙古比基蛇绿岩带共同构成西伯利亚与准噶尔板块间的缝合带。  相似文献   

4.
地球层圈热结构特征表明,大陆地壳位于力学边界层(MBL)范围内,其热传递效应受地壳岩石热传导率制约。本文根据热传导理论,采用与前人相同的热物理参数,计算得出1200℃、500m厚玄武岩浆侵位于初始温度为500℃的地壳岩石中,由底侵作用引起地壳部分熔融产生的长英质岩浆(850℃)厚度≤250m,且产生长英质岩浆的时间限制在玄武岩侵位到地壳中后短暂的2700年内。江西南部龙南县临江地区中侏罗世余田群菖蒲组双峰式火山岩地质-地球化学特征及同位素年代学研究证实,该火山岩组合中的流纹质火山岩是拉班玄武质岩浆底侵作用的产物,符合上述数量比例和时间条件。我国东南部中生代陆壳(厚度≤50km)位于热传导起主导作用的MBL层内,由玄武岩浆底侵作用产生的长英质火成岩,在形成的时间及数量上应受地壳岩石热传导机制制约。但在我国东南部大面积出露的中生代火成岩中,花岗岩、流纹质火山岩类占90%以上,而玄武岩仅有局部零星分布,两者在数量上不匹配,在形成时间上也不一致,因而,我国东南部大面积出露的长英质火成岩可能并不是玄武岩浆底侵作用产物,其形成的热动力学背景和机制有待进一步研究。  相似文献   

5.
在北祁连造山带冷龙岭地区新发现一条蛇绿岩带,该蛇绿岩从下向上由地幔橄榄岩、辉长辉绿岩、玄武岩、硅质岩组成。岩石地球化学特征表明,玄武岩可分类高Ti和低Ti两类,其中高Ti玄武岩具有LREE富集的稀土配分型式,富集K、Rb、Ba、Th、Nb、Ta等不相容元素,呈现隆起型(驼峰式)分布型式,显示了典型的洋岛火山岩地球化学特征,为板内岩浆作用的产物。低Ti玄武岩具有LREE亏损,类似N-MORB的稀土配分模式,同时又具有相对于N-MORB富集的大离子亲石元素,亏损Nb、Ta等高场强元素的岛弧火山岩的地球化学特征,代表了弧后盆地环境岩石组合。蛇绿岩岩石组合和岩石地球化学特征显示该蛇绿岩套形成于弧后盆地环境,是早奥陶世北祁连洋的残留。  相似文献   

6.
武当地块基性岩度群岩石地球化学特征及其大地构造意义   总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6  
南秦岭构造带武当地块核部的基性岩席群,是在古生代地幔底侵作用导致地壳伸展过程中岩浆沿主拆离面及基底变质岩群内次一级滑脱面侵位形成。岩席群岩石地球化学特征的研究表明,其主元素、微量元素及稀土元素地球化学与勉略缝合带发育的蛇绿岩组合中的辉绿岩和大洋玄武岩之岩石地球化学特点相似,结合同位素地质学资料,本认为武当地块基性岩席群所代表的这次拉伸作用与略洋的打开是同一构造背景下不同阶段的产物。  相似文献   

7.
卡姆斯特蛇绿混杂岩的岩石学研究及其地质意义   总被引:2,自引:7,他引:2  
徐新  朱永峰陈博 《岩石学报》2007,23(7):1603-1610
东准噶尔卡姆斯特蛇绿岩剖面由玄武岩、变辉长岩、辉石岩、蛇纹石片岩、硅质岩和火山碎屑岩等组成。辉石不发育出溶结构,说明地幔岩侵位过程相对缓慢(从上地幔到下地壳迁移过程中没有发生突然抬升或者 PT 条件的巨大改变)。辉石岩中存在三类角闪石:具有出溶结构的角闪石(Amp Ⅰ,镁绿钙闪石),与 Amp Ⅰ共生的均匀角闪石(Amp Ⅱ,镁质普通角闪石),以及交代单斜辉石边部的角闪石(Amp Ⅲ,钙镁闪石质普通角闪石)。基于对辉石岩和变辉长岩中角闪石的化学组成及其结构的仔细研究,获得该蛇绿岩侵位的基本演化特征如下:地幔岩在中下地壳环境被快速抬升,导致辉石岩中的角闪石分解而形成铬磁铁矿出溶结构,当蛇绿岩侵位到中地壳环境后,岩石经受角闪岩相退变质改造,继续上升到上地壳环境后,岩石发生绿片岩相的退变质。  相似文献   

8.
皖南伏川蛇绿岩形成环境的地球化学标志   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
皖南伏川蛇绿岩套,沿祁门—歙县—三阳坑断裂带分布,具构造侵位特征。在AFM图解上,具有拉斑玄武岩的演化趋势,但在玄武岩分类图解和Na_2O/K_2O—(Na_2O K_2O)相关图上,则具有岛弧火山岩的特征。在微量元素含量和稀土元素配分型式上和在Ti—Cr,Ti—Zr判别图上,也接近岛弧火山岩而与洋脊玄武岩差别较大。又,根据其形成的地质环境为一古岛弧,上覆地层为优地槽复理石建造,故认为伏川蛇绿岩形成的大地构造环境可能为一古岛弧。通过REE的模拟计算,伏川蛇绿岩可能是上地幔5%熔融的产物。由于变质橄榄岩中富集轻稀土元素,可以认为伏川上地幔是一种富集地幔。  相似文献   

9.
库鲁克塔格地区火山岩的岩浆过程与源区组成   总被引:12,自引:0,他引:12  
在新疆库鲁克塔格地区的震旦纪和寒武纪沉积岩地层中,分布有四层火山岩。它们分别产出于早震旦世的贝义西组、晚震旦世的扎摩克提组和水泉组以及早寒武芤的西山布拉克组。其中,西山布拉克组和水泉组火山岩均属碱性玄武岩系列;扎摩克提组火山岩分属碱性玄武岩系列和拉斑玄武岩系列;贝义西组火山岩具有明显的双峰式组合特征,大部分属碱性火山岩。它们的多元素配分曲线均同板内玄武岩的大隆起特征。斜长石的分离结晶作用导致少部分  相似文献   

10.
东天山土古土布拉克组火山岩锆石U-Pb测年及地质意义   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
东天山觉罗塔格构造带土古土布拉克组火山岩的岩石类型为玄武岩至流纹岩。岩石地球化学特征表明,玄武岩为低钾拉斑系列,亏损Nb,Ta,Ti等高场强元素,富集Ba,Th,U,Sr等大离子亲石元素,具板内玄武岩特征;英安岩和流纹岩为钾玄岩系列,富集Rb,Ba,Th,U等大离子亲石元素,Nb,P,Ti亏损十分明显,具火山弧英安岩、流纹岩特征。对英安岩进行LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb测年,获得成岩年龄为(303.7±2.3)Ma。结合已有研究成果,认为该时期觉罗塔格构造带内的俯冲挤压过程已结束,进入后碰撞构造演化阶段,土古土布拉克组火山岩应形成于后碰撞构造阶段的伸展期。  相似文献   

11.
Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry in South Wales yielded a rich cache of fossils in the early 1950s, including articulated specimens of new species (the small sauropodomorph dinosaur Pantydraco caducus and the crocodylomorph Terrestrisuchus gracilis), but no substantial study of the wider fauna of the Pant-y-ffynnon fissure systems has been published. Here, our overview of existing specimens, a few described but mostly undescribed, as well as freshly processed material, provides a comprehensive picture of the Pant-y-ffynnon palaeo-island of the Late Triassic. This was an island with a relatively impoverished fauna dominated by small clevosaurs (rhynchocephalians), including a new species, Clevosaurus cambrica, described here from a partially articulated specimen and isolated bones. The new species has a dental morphology that is intermediate between the Late Triassic Clevosaurus hudsoni, from Cromhall Quarry to the east, and the younger C. convallis from Pant Quarry to the west, suggesting adaptive radiation of clevosaurs in the palaeo-archipelago. The larger reptiles on the palaeo-island do not exceed 1.5?m in length, including a small carnivorous crocodylomorph, Terrestrisuchus, and a possible example of insular dwarfism in the basal dinosaur Pantydraco.  相似文献   

12.
Robert L. Linnen   《Lithos》2005,80(1-4):267-280
The solubilities of columbite, tantalite, wolframite, rutile, zircon and hafnon were determined as a function of the water contents in peralkaline and subaluminous granite melts. All experiments were conducted at 1035 °C and 2 kbar and the water contents of the melts ranged from nominally dry to approximately 6 wt.% H2O. Accessory phase solubilities are not affected by the water content of the peralkaline melt. By contrast, solubilities are affected by the water content of the subaluminous melt, where the solubilities of all the accessory phases examined increase with the water content of the melt, up to 2 wt.% H2O. At higher water contents, solubilities are nearly constant. It can be concluded that water is not an important control of accessory phase solubility, although the water content will affect diffusivities of components in the melt, thus whether or not accessory phases will be present as restite material. The solubility behaviour in the subaluminous and peralkaline melts supports previous spectroscopic studies, which have observed differences in the coordination of high field strength elements in dry vs. wet subaluminous granitic glasses, but not for peralkaline granitic glasses. Lastly, the fact that wolframite solubility increases with increasing water content in the subaluminous melt suggests that tungsten dissolved as a hexavalent species.  相似文献   

13.
Calcite samples were extracted both from the rock matrix and the superficial coating of a karstified fault plane of an underground quarry, located in the eastern border of the Paris basin. The karstification is dated as Quaternary. Analysis of mechanical calcite twinning reveals that only the calcite matrix has also undergone a compression trending WNW that can be attributed to the Mio-Pliocene alpine collision. Both coating and matrix have undergone a strike-slip regime with σ1 roughly trending north–south, that could correspond to the regional present-day state of stress, a strike-slip compression rather trending NNW, modified by local phenomena. To cite this article: M. Rocher et al., C. R. Geoscience 335 (2003).  相似文献   

14.
HYDROGEOLOGY     
正20141756 Chen Ruige(Mathematical College,China University of Geosciences,Beijing100083,China);Zhou Xun Numerical Simulation of Groundwater Level Fluctuation in a Coastal Confined Aquifer with Sloping Initial Groundwater Level Induced by the Tide(Geological Bulletin of China,ISSN1671-2552,CN11-4648/P,32(7),2013,p.1099-1104,6 illus.,16 refs.) Key words:confined water,groundwater level  相似文献   

15.
正20141408 Cai Jia(Institute of Geology,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences,Beijing100037,China);Liu Fulai Petrogenesis and Metamorphic P-T Conditions of Garnet-Spinel-Biotitebearing Paragneiss in Danangou Area,Daqingshan-Wulashan Metamorphic Complex Belt(Acta Petrologica Sinica,ISSN1000-0569,CN11-1922/P,29(7),  相似文献   

16.
17.
正20142386An Guoying(China Aero Geophysical Survey and Remote Sensing Center for Land and Resources,Beijing 100083,China)Application of Satellite Remote Sensing in Regional Hydrogeological Investigation:Taking Cenozoic Strata in Wenquan Sheet(1∶250 000)of Karakoram Range as an Example(Geosci-  相似文献   

18.
正20141016An Chengbang(Key Laboratory of Western China’s Environmental Systems,Ministry of Education,Lanzhou University,Lanzhou 730000,China);Zhao Yongtao Lake Records during the Last Glacial Maximum from Xinjiang,NW China and Their Climatic Impli-  相似文献   

19.
正20141538 Cao Qing(School of Earth Sciences and Engineering,Xi’an Petroleum University,Xi’an 710065,China);Zhao Jingzhou Characteristics and Significance of Fluid Inclusions from Majiagou Formation,Yichuan Huangling Area,Ordos Basin(Advances in Earth Science,ISSN1001-8166,CN62-1091/P,28(7),2013,p.819-828,7 illus.,3 tables,43 refs.)  相似文献   

20.
GEOCHEMISTRY     
正20142002 Wei Hualing(Institute of Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences,Langfang065000,China);Zhou Guohua Element Content and Mineral Compositions in Different Sizes of Soil in Tongling Area,Anhui Province(Geological Bulletin of China,ISSN1671-2552,CN11-4648/P,32(11),2013,p.1861  相似文献   

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