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ZHU Yanbing LI Hebin ZHANG Xuqin ZHANG Chunyan XIANG Jionghu LIU Guangming 《海洋学报(英文版)》2011,30(6):95-103
A thermostable superoxide dismutase (SOD) from the inshore thermophile Thermus sp. JM1 was purified to homogeneity by steps of fractional ammonium sulfate precipitation, DEAE-Sepharose chromatography and Phenyl-Sepharose chromatography. The specific activity of the purified native enzyme was 1 656 U/mg. A sod gene from this strain was cloned and overexpressed in Escherichia coli (E. coli). The prepared apo-enzyme of the purified recombinant SOD (rSOD) was reconstituted with either Fe or Mn by means of incubation with appropriate metal salts. As a result, only Mn 2+ - reconstituted rSOD (Mn-rSOD) exhibited the specific activity of 1 598 U/mg. SOD from Thermus sp. JM1 was Mn-SOD, judging by the specific activities analysis of Fe or Mn reconstituted rSODs and the insensitivity of the native SOD to both cyanide and H 2 O 2 . Both the native SOD and Mn- rSOD were determined to be homotetramers with monomeric molecular mass of 26 kDa and 27.5 kDa, respectively. They had high thermostability at 50 ° C and 60 ° C, and showed striking stability across a wide pH span from 4.0 to 11.0. 相似文献
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A complex study of the influence of various environmental factors on the rate of the oxygen (MO
2), ammonium (MNH
4), and phosphate (MPO
4) metabolism in Ahnfeltia tobuchiensis has been carried out in situ in the Izmena Bay of Kunashir Island. The following environmental factors have been included
into the investigation: the photosynthetically active radiation (PAR); the ammonium (NH4); the phosphate (PO4); and the tissue content of carbon (C), nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and chlorophyll a (Chl). The population of agar-containing seaweed A. tobuchiensis forms a layer with a thickness up to 0.5 m, which occupies about 23.3 km2; the population’s biomass is equal to 125000 tons. The quantitative assessment of the organic matter production and nutrient
consumption during the oxygen metabolism (MO
2) has been carried out for the whole population. It has been shown that the daily rate depends on the PAR intensity, the seawater
concentrations of PO4 and NH4, and the tissue content of N and P (r
2 = 0.78, p < 0.001). The daily NH4 consumption averages 0.21 μmol/(gDW h) and depends on the NH4 and O2 concentrations in the seawater and on the C and Chl a content in the algal tissues (r
2 = 0.64, p < 0.001). The daily PO4 consumption averages 0.01 μmol/(gDW h) and depends on the NH4 concentration in the seawater and on the P content in the algal tissues (r
2 = 0.40, p < 0.001). 相似文献
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Here we report the results of the first molecular enzymological study of fish UDP-glucuronosyltransferase (UDPGT). UDPGT activities of plaice liver microsomes were greatest for planar phenols and there was low but measurable conjugation of bilirubin, testosterone and androsterone. A highly purified preparation was isolated which possessed activities towards 1-naphthol, bilirubin and testosterone, containing several molecular weight species of Mr 52–56 kDa. On immunoblot analysis these proteins cross-reacted with a polyspecific anti-rat UDPGT antibody, suggesting that a number of plaice UDPGT isoforms with epitopes in common with the corresponding rat enzymes had been purified. 相似文献
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为提高一株海洋解淀粉芽孢杆菌(Bacillus amyloliquefaciens)ESB-2生产大环内酯类抗生素Macrolactin A的能力,利用大孔树脂对发酵液进行粗提取,利用高速逆流色谱法,高效、快速分离制备出高纯度的Macrolactin A。采用高效液相色谱法检测不同碳源对Macrolactin A产量的影响,且在优化基础上采用摇瓶发酵得到海洋解淀粉芽孢杆菌的发酵过程曲线。结果表明:高速逆流色谱法能够高效快速的制备出Macrolactin A纯品,纯度达到95%以上,明显优于高效液相色谱;添加葡萄糖、蔗糖和麦芽糖均有利于Macrolactin A的生成,麦芽糖为最佳碳源,最佳浓度为1%,其产量达到18.5mg/L,是优化前的2倍多。本研究可为提高Macrolactin A的产量、解决其药源问题、实现规模化生产打下了良好的基础。 相似文献
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Monitoring of position of the Kuroshio axis in the Tokara Strait using sea level data 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Properties of the index of position of the Kuroshio axis in the Tokara Strait, named the Kuroshio position index (KPI), were examined using sea-level data during 1984–92. The index is KPI=(X+M
x
)/(Y+M
y
whereX(Y) is the anomaly of sea-level difference of Nakanoshima (Naze) minus Nishinoomote from the 1984–92 meanM
x
(M
y
). The correlation with the latitude of the Kuroshio axis in the Tokara Strait concluded that the KPI withM
x
/M
y
=0.83 and realisticM
y
(100±40 cm) best indicates the position of the Kuroshio axis in the strait. The KPI withM
x
=83 cm andM
y
=100 cm was newly called the KPI as the best index. Using daily values of this KPI, the relation between the position of the Kuroshio in the strait and the large meander of the Kuroshio shown by Kawabe (1995) was confirmed and studied in detail. A large meander forms (ends) 3.3 (5.1) months after a northward (southward) shift of the Kuroshio in the Tokara Strait. Yet, a temporary southward shift with a duration of ten to twenty days does not finish the large-meander (LM) path. At the LM formation, a small meander southeast of Kyushu begins to move eastward associated with the northward shift. The processes of LM formation and decay are started by the meridional move of the Kuroshio axis in the Tokara Strait. The Kuroshio axis at the FES line during the LM path is located farther north by 7 latitude than that during the non-large-meander (NLM) path. The latitude during the LM formation (decay) stage is a little higher (lower) than that during the LM (NLM) period, though the Kuroshio still takes an NLM (LM) path. 相似文献
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AbstractComposite bucket foundation (CBF) is a wide-shallow foundation for offshore wind turbines, which can be transported and installed with the turbine as one unit at a one-step operation. Compared with deep pile foundations, its structural stability is more sensitive to the scouring by waves and currents. In this paper, a three-dimensional finite element model with CBF and surrounding soil is established to estimate the failure mode at different given soil scour conditions. The loading on CBF for offshore wind turbines is characterized by relatively small vertical loading V, larger horizontal loading H, and bending moment M, and the effect of erosion on bearing capacity of CBF is determined by using the fixed displacement ratio method. In addition, the failure envelopes of the CBF applied in H–M and V–H–M loading modes are obtained. Results indicate that the bearing capacity of CBF under horizontal loading and bending moment will be significantly reduced by the decrease in the embedded depth of CBF due to the scouring depth and extent, as well as the H–M, and V–H–M failure envelopes. The structural stability safety factor of CBF under different scouring conditions can be obtained through the three-dimensional envelope surface with respect to scouring depth and extent. 相似文献
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Fuminori Hashihama Shinko Kinouchi Shuhei Suwa Masahiro Suzumura Jota Kanda 《Journal of Oceanography》2013,69(3):357-367
Trace concentrations of labile dissolved organic phosphorus (LDOP) in oligotrophic seawater were measured by use of an enzymatic procedure and a nanomolar phosphate analytical system consisting of a gas-segmented continuous flow analyzer with a liquid waveguide capillary cell. LDOP, defined as DOP hydrolyzed by alkaline phosphatase (AP) from Escherichia coli, was quantified as the difference between the phosphate concentrations of the seawater sample with and without AP treatment. For sensitive measurement of LDOP, we found that phosphate contamination derived from commercially available AP must be corrected, and azide treatment before AP treatment proved effective in removing biological effect that occurs during DOP hydrolysis. Field observations at six stations of the western North Pacific and the East China Sea during the boreal summer revealed that, in the upper 200 m of the water column, LDOP concentrations ranged from the detection limit (3 nM) to 243 nM, and phosphate concentrations ranged from 5 to 374 nM. The spatial distribution patterns of LDOP were similar to those of phosphate. Most of the depth profiles for LDOP and phosphate showed concentrations were extremely low, <25 nM, between the surface and the deep chlorophyll maximum layer (DCML) and increased below the DCML. Strongly depleted LDOP and phosphate above the DCML suggest that LDOP is actively hydrolyzed under phosphate-depleted conditions and utilized by microbes. 相似文献
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2016年全球地震海啸监测预警与数值模拟研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
回顾了国家海洋环境预报中心(国家海洋局海啸预警中心)2016年全球地震海啸监测预警的总体状况, 并基于震源生成模型和海啸传播数值模型的计算结果详细介绍了几次主要海啸事件及其影响特性。2016年全年国家海洋环境预报中心总共对全球6.5级(中国近海5.5级)以上海底地震响应了45次,发布海啸信息81期, 没有发生对我国有明显影响的海啸。结合精细化的数值模拟结果和浮标监测数据,重点介绍了苏门达腊7.8级地震海啸、厄瓜多尔7.8级地震海啸、新西兰7.1级和7.8级地震海啸, 以及所罗门7.8级地震海啸的波动特征和传播规律, 模拟结果与实测海啸波符合较好。针对厄瓜多尔7.8级地震海啸事件, 本文比较分析了均匀断层模型和多源有限断层模型对模拟结果的影响; 针对新西兰7.1级地震海啸, 探讨了色散效应对海啸波在大水深、远距离传播过程的影响规律。 相似文献
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采用硫酸铵盐析、DEAE-Sephadex A50凝胶层析法对豚鼠气单胞菌的溶血素进行分离、纯化,获得分子量为32.2kDa的单一多肽溶血素,测定溶血价为25。将该溶血素倍比稀释后梯度接种南方鲇,研究其对南方鲇的致病性和组织病理损伤情况。结果表明:豚鼠气单胞菌溶血素具有较强的毒力,对南方鲇的半数致死剂量(LD50)为0.29mg蛋白/kg体重;病鱼表现为体表褪色,腹部膨大,肝、脾、肾肿大,肝、脾淤血、出血明显;胃肠道内充有大量粘液,黏膜充血、出血;组织病理学表现为骨骼肌水肿、变性,肝细胞变性、坏死,血窦扩张淤血,肾小管上皮细胞变性、坏死,脾脏淋巴细胞减少,胃肠道黏膜上皮变性、坏死,脱落。 相似文献
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Lee Shugart 《Marine environmental research》1988,24(1-4)
This paper reports a rapid and facile procedure for obtaining of DNA from small, whole aquatic organisms (fathead minnow, Pimephales promelas) as well as from the liver of another species (bluegill sunfish, Lepomis macrochirus) and the subsequent estimation of its double strandedness. DNA was isolated from various tissues by homogenization in a basic pH solution containing detergent followed by differential extraction using organic solvents. Additional purification was accomplished by molecular sieve chromatography. Under defined alkaline unwinding conditions, the amount of double-stranded and single-stranded DNA was determined using the bisbenzimidazole dye Hoechst 33258. The technique was used to detect the occurrence of strand breaks in DNA of fathead minnows chemically exposed to benzo[a]pyrene. 相似文献
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为了研究PHB2蛋白的生物学活性及后续抗体的制备,作者以前期构建的p MD18-T-Lm-PHB2质粒为模板,PCR扩增Lm-PHB2基因全长CDS区,PCR产物经Hind III和Eco R I双酶切后连接至表达载体p ET-32a,构建重组质粒p ET-32a-Lm-PHB2。将鉴定正确的重组质粒转化入大肠杆菌(Escherichia coli)Rosetta Blue,经IPTG诱导表达后,表达产物通过SDS-PAGE和Western blotting进行检测,利用镍柱亲和层析纯化得到纯度较高的目的蛋白r Lm-PHB2。结果表明,经PCR、双酶切和测序鉴定,所构建的重组质粒p ET-32a-Lm-PHB2序列正确,表达产物存在于裂解菌液的上清和沉淀中,经SDS-PAGE和Western blotting证实在约47 ku处有目的蛋白r Lm-PHB2的表达条带。本研究构建了重组七鳃鳗(Lampetra japonica)PHB2蛋白的原核表达载体,并大量表达和纯化目的蛋白,为该蛋白后续的抗体制备及生物活性研究奠定了基础。 相似文献
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采用层析技术、N末端氨基酸序列分析及同源基因克隆等技术对中国对虾中国对虾血淋巴中的凝血蛋白(CP)进行了研究。结果表明,纯化的CP约为380kDa,其亚基的分子量约为190kDa,说明该蛋白是由两个相同的亚基组成的同源二聚体;中国对虾CP的N末端氨基酸序列与凡纳滨对虾、保罗美对虾具有100%的相似性,与其它对虾的也具有很高的相似性;获得了CP基因518bp的cDNA片段,分析表明该基因序列与其它虾类CP基因序列的具有很高的同源性;CP基因的组织表达谱分析发现心脏和表皮是该基因主要的合成表达部位。 相似文献
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微绿球藻(Nannochloropsis oculata)DNA被提取纯化并经超声波处理后,将所得大小在1.6~3 kb之间的DNA片段用T4 DNA聚合酶补平,再与SmaI酶切消化并经去磷酸化处理的质粒载体pUC18连接,转化至DH10B大肠杆菌(Escherichia coli)的感受态细胞中。建立的DNA质粒文库容量含2×104个克隆,其中重组子占90%。随机挑选白色菌落并培养,抽提的质粒经XbaI和SacI双酶切鉴定,显示重组的质粒中均含有大小不等的DNA插入片段。 相似文献
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台湾岛1999年9月21日在南投发生7.6级地震前有出现地震条带现象,在2005年工作的基础上继续用地震条带方法对2004年12月台东海外7.0级地震、2006年12月高雄海外7.2级地震和2016年2月6日高雄6.7级地震前的地震图像进行分析发现,这3次地震前也存在ML5.5级以上地震条带现象,说明近年来台湾岛及邻近海域强地震前都有地震条带出现.对这些条带形成的原因进行分析后认为:EN向地震条带是受菲律宾板块挤压形成的,沿台湾岛东部海岸排列的地震条带是受台湾岛东部的地震断层影响形成的,沿琉球海沟方向排列的地震条带是受琉球海沟断裂带影响形成的.研究结果对台湾岛及邻近海域的地震预报具有参考意义. 相似文献
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以海洋球石藻Emiliania huxleyi为原料,提取分离生物活性物质,为该藻活性物质的研究与开发提供理论基础。通过对球石藻75%乙醇浸提物采用乙酸乙酯进行萃取,进一步利用薄层色谱、硅胶色谱、Sephadex LH-20凝胶色谱及高效液相色谱(HPLC)等方法,对化合物成分进行逐步分离纯化,获得纯度大于95%的单体化合物;通过~1HNMR、~(13)CNMR及HRMS等波谱分析技术鉴定化合物的结构,并对其抗菌、抗氧化性能进行初步分析。结果分离鉴定出3种单体化合物,分别为叶绿醇(C_(20)H_(40)O)、棕榈酸(C_(16)H_(32)O_2)和肉豆蔻酸(C_(14)H_(28)O_2),这些化合物均为首次从海洋球石藻中分离获得。其中叶绿醇具有较强的抗氧化能力,且对肝癌细胞Hep G2的增殖有较强的抑制作用,其他两种化合物对金黄色葡萄球菌、枯草芽孢杆菌及副溶血性弧菌均有不同程度的抗菌活性。另外,海洋球石藻中这些化合物除了具有一定的抗菌抗氧化性能外,可能在球石藻响应胁迫(如病毒感染)过程中也具有重要作用。 相似文献
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Laboratory experiments using a wave flume were designed to examine the threshold condition for ripple formation under asymmetrical oscillatory flows on an artificially roughened bed. Three types of sand beds were prepared in the experiments: they were flat, notched, and notch-mounded beds with bed roughness increasing in this order. The beds were constructed with three kinds of well-sorted sand with similar density, but different diameters. Data analyses were made using the two dimensionless parameters: the mobility number, M, a simplified form of the Shields number, and the Ursell number, U, a surrogate for asymmetry of flow field. The result confirmed that the threshold for ripple initiation is decreased with increasing bed perturbation and that as the bed perturbation increases, the dependency of this threshold on the flow asymmetry becomes less and finally null for the notch-mounded bed. This relationship is quantified by the following equations: M=17−14.5e−0.03U on the flat bed, M=5.0−2.5e−0.1U for the notched bed, and M=2.5 for the notch-mounded bed. A comparison between the previous field data and the present laboratory findings indicates that the threshold in the notch-mounded bed experiment, M=2.5, seems to provide a critical condition for rippling in the natural environment. 相似文献
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探究引起银鲫在不同养殖模式下的形质差异原因及形质饰变途径和机制,进而揭示养殖模式致其改变生存对策的内在逻辑,对于指导银鲫养殖模式的改进与优化具重要现实意义。随机选取池塘生态主养模式(M1)和池塘生态套养模式(M2)下经7个月养殖的异育银鲫夏花苗种各70尾为研究对象,采用主成分分析和判别分析方法,系统开展了两种池养模式下异育银鲫形质差异研究,结果表明:(1)池养期间两实验群体的生长速度总体上呈M2>M1,在21项生物学表型性状中,M2实验群体显著大于M1实验群体的为L1 (体长)、L4 (头宽)、L11 (肛后体长)和NM (净体质量)(P<0.05);(2)所涉20项形质评价性状中, M1、M2实验群体间具显著差异(P<0.05)的高达16项,聚类分析也指示两者间的欧式距离已达到显著水平(P<0.05),即M1、M2实验群体已在形质特征上出现显著分化;(3)经主成分分析,提取到的5个特征值均大于1的主成分,其累... 相似文献