共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 46 毫秒
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供水系统功能失效分析方法 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
本文提出了一个供水系统破坏状态下流分析新方法,通过连续性议程求解和连通性分析,可以确定供水失效区以及节点或系统的供水率,把该方法仿制成程序,嵌入到GIS软件平台中,形成了可视化的供水系统功能失效分析专用软件,并用实例说明了该方法可行,程序计算省时,结果合理可信。 相似文献
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根据汶川地震各烈度区内变电站破坏状况、停运状况以及恢复时间的统计,分析了不同烈度区变电站地震破坏和功能失效特点和模式,定义了变电站震害指数,得出了设防烈度为Ⅶ度的变电站地震破坏和功能失效的震害指数与烈度的Di-Ⅰ关系曲线,并结合我国电力设施抗震设计标准,外推了设防烈度Ⅵ、Ⅷ、Ⅸ度变电站的Di-Ⅰ曲线,由此建立了基于抗震设防烈度和震害统计的变电站震害快速评估方法(FI-EDS法).通过德阳地区49个110kV及以上变电站的震害实例,对评估方法进行检验,结果表明,用本文方法快速评估得出的变电站破坏等级,0级偏差比率为47％,±1级偏差比率为45％,±2级偏差比率为8％.本文评估方法具有可接受的精度,并且可操作性强. 相似文献
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地下管道工程震害分析 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
地下管道工程的震害及功能失效对正常社会生产及生活有很大影响,地下管道工程抗震研究一直受到人们的高度重视。本文基于近10年来中国大陆发生的几次地震中收集到的地下管道工程震害资料,对各种管道震害现象进行了分析,总结了目前我国地下管道工程的震害特点,同时,对近年来我国几个典型城市地下管道工程震害预测结果进行了分析,得到了几点有益的启示。我国部分城镇地下管道的抗震能力不足,应采取有力措施予以增强。 相似文献
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供水系统震害预测专家系统 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
本文建立了供水系统震害预测专家系统,把计算分析方法和专家经验相结合,形成了知识库和推理判断。其中,计算方法考虑了管段的地震反应机理和管土相互作用的特征,包括在地震地质灾害场地的管道震害预测方法。经验判断来的于震害数据和专家经验,较全面地考虑了影响管道震害的主要因素。在ＧＩＳ软件平台上形成了专用程序,界面友好,数据交换方便,已应用于实际工程。 相似文献
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针对地震中城市桥梁震害状态具有较强的非线性、复杂性的特点,采用了具有RBF核函数的最小二乘支持向量机(LS-SVM)算法。在大量收集我国地震中城市桥梁震害资料的基础上,将此算法引入桥梁的震害预测中,选取了地震烈度、上部结构、地基失效程度、支座类型、墩台高度、桥梁跨数和场地类别等因素作为模型的特征输入向量,建立了最小二乘支持向量机的桥梁震害预测模型。通过反复地样本训练及模型参数设置,仿真结果表明,该方法具有一定的准确度和可行性。基于最小二乘支持向量机的桥梁震害预测方法是一种可以用于地震中桥梁震害预测的良好方法。 相似文献
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供水系统是城市生命线系统的重要组成部分之一,它担负着供给城市人民生活和工业生产的繁重任务。当供水系统遭到破坏,就会给生活和生产带来很大的困难。地震是破坏供水系统的一个重要因素。我国的城市供水系统,多数未经正规的抗震设计。因此,对位于地震烈度较高地区的供水系统作出震害预测,对减轻城市灾害、作好城市抗震防灾工作是很必要的。 相似文献
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公路桥区域性震害预测 总被引：8，自引：1，他引：8
地震区桥址地基失效或岸坡失稳，对于桥梁的震害程度有明显的影响。本文基于这一特点，将历史地震桥梁震害资料，依据无液化场地及可液化场地或岸坡失稳的影响，分别以几个主要灾害影响因素对应于不同震害程度进行数理统计，并应用模糊数学方法，综合评判在未来地震中大面积范围桥梁可能出现的震害状态，它对于地震区部署桥梁的抗震防灾工作有着重要的现实意义。 相似文献
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M. N. French R. L. Bras W. F. Krajewski 《Stochastic Environmental Research and Risk Assessment (SERRA)》1992,6(1):27-45
A procedure for short-term rainfall forecasting in real-time is developed and a study of the role of sampling on forecast ability is conducted. Ground level rainfall fields are forecasted using a stochastic space-time rainfall model in state-space form. Updating of the rainfall field in real-time is accomplished using a distributed parameter Kalman filter to optimally combine measurement information and forecast model estimates. The influence of sampling density on forecast accuracy is evaluated using a series of a simulated rainfall events generated with the same stochastic rainfall model. Sampling was conducted at five different network spatial densities. The results quantify the influence of sampling network density on real-time rainfall field forecasting. Statistical analyses of the rainfall field residuals illustrate improvement in one hour lead time forecasts at higher measurement densities. 相似文献
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《地震工程与工程振动(英文版)》2014,(4)
正This journal is established by the Institute of Engineering Mechanics(IEM),China Earthquake Administration,to promote scientific exchange between Chinese and foreign scientists and engineers so as to improve the theory and practice of earthquake hazards mitigation,preparedness,and recovery.To accomplish this purpose,the journal aims to attract a balanced number of papers between Chinese and 相似文献
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George W. Housner 《地震工程与工程振动(英文版)》2008,7(2):I0001-I0001
Destructive earthquakes have caused great damage in China and the United States and collapsing buildings havecaused many deaths and injuries. The field of earthquake engineering studies earthquake hazards, the occurrence ofearthquakes of various magnitudes, the nature of the ground shaking during an earthquake, the vibration of structuresduring earthquakes, the strengthening of existing structures and the design of new structures to be earthquake resistant,and finally, how to cope with earthquake damage and restore a city to normal functioning. Such efforts are in progressin both countries, but unfortunately, the language barrier interferes with the free flow of information between China andthe Untied States. It would be mutually beneficial if some means could be developed to promote the exchangeof information across the Pacific Ocean. This new journal has been established for this purpose and its success willbe an important step in promoting earthquake engineering in China and the United States. 相似文献
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《国际泥沙研究》2014,(4)
正President:Giampaolo Di Silvio,Italy Vice Presidents:Ulrich C.E.Zanke,Germany Zhao-yin Wang,China The World Association for Sedimentation and Erosion Research(WASER),inaugurated on Oct.19,2004,is an independent non-governmental,non-profit organization.The mission of WASER is to promote international co-operation on the study 相似文献
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JianCheng Shi 《中国科学:地球科学(英文版)》2014,57(10):2281-2282
正Global Change includes climate change and other environmental changes caused by the joint interaction among various layers of Earth. From the positive side, global change provides new opportunities to human and other living forms on Earth. In the meantime, it creates tremendous challenges and negative impact. At present, the negative impacts have reached all primary processes of the global ecosystem and every aspect of human society, especially causing degradation of the ecosystem. For instance, intensive deforestation causes decline of biodiversity; global warming causes sea level rise and increases 相似文献
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Dissolved total carbohydrates (DTCH), dissolved free monosaccharides (DFMS), dissolved organic carbon (DOC), biodegradable DOC (BDOC), and humic substances (HS) were measured in White Clay Creek (WCC), a stream in southeastern Pennsylvania Piedmont, USA. Samples were collected over different seasons and under baseflow and stormflow conditions. DOC concentrations ranged from 1.0 to 12.8 mg/L C with the highest concentrations associated with stormflows. Carbohydrates ranged from 0.42 to 12.4 μM and accounted for 2.9 to 12.7% of the DOC. Humic substances represented the major DOC fraction, accounting for 55 to 72% of the DOC pool under all flow conditions. The humic fraction had a lower carbohydrate content (4.4%) than the non-humic fraction of DOC (7.2%). Stormflow DOC was enriched in carbohydrates relative to baseflow DOC, but the percentage of humic-C changed little. Carbohydrates were primarily present as dissolved polysaccharides (55%), but a significant fraction was bound to humic substances (40%), while a small proportion was present as monosaccharides (5%). The major monosaccharides in stream water, listed in order of decreasing concentration, included glucose, galactose, rhamnose, xylose, arabinose, mannose, and fucose. On average (30.6 ± 7.4)% (n = 44) of the stream water DOC was biodegradable, and carbohydrates accounted for 9.9 to 17.7% of the BDOC. 相似文献