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1.
本文报道的微体化石产于湖北宜昌樟村坪万家沟剖面埃迪卡拉纪陡山沱组第10层的硅磷质结核中,化石组合包括疑源类Appendisphaera grandis、Ericiasphaera spjeldnaesii、Knollisphaeridium maxi mum、Leiosphaeridia tenuissi ma、Meghystrichosphaeridium perfectum、Tianzhushania polysiphonia、T.spinosa、T.ornata;丝状蓝藻Oscillatoriopsis obtusa、Polytrichoides induviatus、P.lineatus、Salome hubeiensis、Siphonophycustypicum;多细胞藻类Sarcinophycus palilloformis、Wengania minuta。该微体化石组合面貌与黄陵背斜东、南翼陡山沱组二段硅质结核中以大型具刺疑源类Tianzhushania为特征的组合相同,与贵州瓮安地区陡山沱组上磷块岩下部保存的微体化石组合面貌基本一致。  相似文献   

2.
长江三峡地区震旦系的微体植物化石   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  
<正> 1980年,笔者同余汶、钱逸、王宗哲、侯先光、赵自强等在宜昌莲沱的王丰岗,南沱至石牌村以及秭归县庙河震旦系剖面采集了岩样(图1)。莲沱砂岩和南沱冰碛层中的化石贫乏,仅发现球形疑源类Leiominuschla sp.Protoleiosphaeridium spp.以及一些微体植物残片。陡山沱组微体植物类型多样化,数量可观。有疑源类(acritarchs)的刺球亚类(Acanthomorphitae)的分子,如微刺藻(Micrhystridium),波罗地藻(Baltishaeridium)和毛发藻(Comasphaeridium)等,其中Micrhystridium的数量多至千万计。有晚前寒武纪常见的球形亚类(sphaeromorphitae)的分子外,出现许多具有各种裂口、开口及至口盖的疑源类属种,如Leiosphaeridia?operculia sp.n.,Stictosphaeridium?apertum sp.n.,Paiaeostomc cystis angoformis,Eoaperturilites monoscissus gen. et sp. n., Eo. gonostomus gen. et sp. n., Tasmanites? sp. A。  相似文献   

3.
尚晓冬  刘鹏举  张德军  董进  杨犇  周元 《地质学报》2023,97(12):4020-4034
本文首次报道并描述了华南黄陵背斜西翼湖北宜昌兴山县乡儿湾剖面埃迪卡拉系陡山沱组二段中上部的燧石结核和条带中的疑源类微体化石,经系统鉴定共识别出8属8种,包括Appendisphaera grandis,Crassimembrana multitunica,Leiosphaeridia minutissima,Megasphaera inornata,Schizofusa zangwenlongii,Symphysosphaera basimembrana,Urasphaera nupta,Variomargosphaeridium gracile。该化石组合包含Liu Pengju and Moczyd?owska (2019)所建立的第二生物组合带(Tanarium tuberosum-Schizofusa zangwenlongii组合带)的特征分子Schizofusa zangwenlongii,因此,可尝试性地与第二生物组合带相对比,但未见黄陵背斜东南翼陡山沱组二段的常见属Tianzhushania,据此推测黄陵背斜两翼在古环境上可能有所差异。  相似文献   

4.
刘欢  朱士兴  田辉  张健 《世界地质》2017,36(1):1-14
对采自燕山地区新元古界龙山组泥页岩进行化学浸解和筛析,获得大量微体化石,主要包括:Leiosphaeridia,Trachysphaeridium,Satka,Favososphaeridium,Tanarium,Siphonophycus,Oscillatoriopsis,Laminarites等。化石组合特征为:(1)以单球类-复球类化石分子为主,纹饰复杂;(2)小型具刺疑源类化石大量出现;(3)多细胞生物占有一定的数量。新的化石资料进一步丰富了龙山组微体化石的内容,也为区域地层对比提供了新的古生物依据。  相似文献   

5.
燕夔  李军 《地层学杂志》2005,29(3):i001-i002
桐梓红花园剖面奥陶纪地层出露完整,化石丰富,层序清楚。该剖面湄潭组5个笔石带中有疑源类化石31属49种,根据其组成和相对丰度不同划分为5个疑源类组合带:组合带的属、种较为单调,且丰度不高;组合带中Polygonium占优势,伴有Arbusculidium;组合带以大量Stelliferidium的出现为特征;组合带与组合带相似;组合带中Leiosphaeridia的含量比Polygonium高,产特征分子Coryphidiumelegans。桐梓红花园湄潭组疑源类组合与中欧、北非、中东、南亚、北美纽芬兰东部、南美等环冈瓦纳地区同期疑源类组合相似,证实华南地区属于环冈瓦纳疑源类古地理分区。部分奥陶纪疑源类分子,如Ampullulaerchunensis、Arkonia、Dicrodiacrodium和Leprotolypaevexa等在桐梓红花园剖面的首现(FAD)较全球其他地区早。  相似文献   

6.
周传明(2004)曾报道湖北保康白竹磷矿陡山沱组磷块岩中含有与瓮安生物群类似的磷酸盐化微化石,包括多细胞藻类Wengania, Paramecia, Thallophyca; 大型具刺疑源类Meghystrichosphaeridium, Knollisphaeridium; 球状蓝菌类Archaeophycus; 丝状蓝菌类Siphonophycus, Obruchevella以及新发现的珍珠球藻Bacatisphaera。最近, 作者对保康白竹磷矿陡山沱组进行了重新考察和采样研究。结果除发现上述微化石外, 还发现大型具刺疑源类Papillomembrana compta, Appenendisphaera sp.; 球状化石Megasphaera inornata, Megaclonophycus onustus以及峡东地区常见的丝状蓝菌化石湖北萨洛米藻(Salome hubeiensis)等。研究表明,本文报道的保康白竹磷矿陡山沱组的含化石层位与峡东地区陡山沱组第二段及贵州瓮安上磷矿层下部的微化石层位相当, 组合面貌相似。新资料证明峡东地区陡山沱组第二段出现的疑源类下组合, 包括多细胞藻类、大型复杂疑源类、球状化石、球状和丝状蓝菌化石等, 区域分布广泛, 层位稳定, 具有重要生物地层学意义。  相似文献   

7.
本文首次报道并描述湖南张家界地区田坪剖面埃迪卡拉系陡山沱组下部燧石条带中发现的疑源类微体化石,经系统鉴定共5属6种和1个不定属种,包括Appendisphaera grandis,A.tenuis,Cavaspina acuminata,Megasphaera inornata,Mengeosphaera gracilis,Tanarium tuberosum,Acritarcha gen.et sp.indet.。新的化石材料扩大了华南埃迪卡拉纪早期微体生物群的分布范围,这些疑源类属种在分类学上同华南地区及全球其他埃迪卡拉纪微体化石组合相似,为生物地层学研究提供了更多的古生物数据。虽然所发现的化石属种数量较为有限,同其他地区的精确生物地层对比关系尚不能建立,但由于包含Tanarium tuberosum,故将当前的生物组合与Tanarium tuberosum-Schizofusa zangwenlongii组合带相对比。此外,在Tanarium tuberosum膜壳内发现许多大小一致的球状内含物,可能是其生殖阶段的子细胞,为研究埃迪卡拉纪具刺疑源类的生物亲缘关系提供了新的化石证据。  相似文献   

8.
陇东地区延长组疑源类组合特征及其古环境意义   总被引：4，自引：1，他引：3  
为了明确中晚三叠世延长组形成时期鄂尔多斯盆地陆相沉积的属性, 用孢粉分析方法详细研究了陇东西峰油田钻井岩心的微古植物组合, 在主要源岩层——延长组长7段发现了极为丰富的疑源类, 化石丰度高, 但属种单调; 以光面球藻(Leiosphaeridia) 绝对占优势, 经常出现具刺的微刺藻(Micrhystridium).同时代疑源类, 特别是具刺型疑源类生态分布和组合特征对比分析认为, 陇东地区中晚三叠世主要为淡水湖泊环境.出现的具刺疑源类不仅类型单调, 而且棘刺明显弱化, 推测是个别海生具刺类型在淡水环境中经历长期演化的结果.本地区主要烃源岩长7段沉积时期恰好处于湖水淡化过程, 也是最大湖进期, 大规模的湖水补给来源于陆地, 并非海侵.表明中晚三叠世鄂尔多斯盆地已经结束早中三叠世近海湖泊的性质.   相似文献   

9.
湖北北部大洪山地区打鼓石群是一套浅变质地层,自下而上分为太阳寺组、韩家洼组、罗汉岭组、陈家冲组、李家咀组和珰铺岭组。本文首次报道打鼓石群的微体植物化石,包括疑源类Leiosphaeridia spp.和Leiofusa sp.,分类位置不明的Clonophycus biattina D.z.Oehler,及一些炭质膜化石。这些化石保存在李家咀组中部黄绿色、灰绿色粉砂质板岩的岩石薄片中,沿层面分布,均已遭压扁。就已发现的微体植物化石来说,李家咀组的时代可能属于中、晚元古代。大洪山地区李家咀组微体植物化石的发现,不仅填补了打鼓石群这类生物化石的空白,而且指明在前寒武纪浅变质地层的碎屑岩中有可能找到微体植物化石。  相似文献   

10.
刘鹏举  尹崇玉 《地质学报》2005,79(5):594-594
贵州瓮安磷矿震旦系陡山沱组磷质岩中含有丰富的磷酸盐化疑源类化石，化石个体大，具形态多样的刺饰和多层结构的外壁，与峡东地区同期硅化疑源类组合总体特征相似，可直接对比。本文系统描述了在贵州瓮安磷矿陡山沱组新发现的疑源类化石4属4种，其中包含新属2个，新种2个，未定种1个。它们是Bacatisphaera baokangensis Zhou，Brasier et Xue，2001，Taeniosphaera doushantuoensis gen．et sp．nov．、Rugospinasphaera speciosa gen．et sp．nov．和Meghystichosphaeridium sp．。新材料的发现丰富了瓮安生物群的化石内容，为研究震旦纪陡山沱期海洋微体浮游植物群特征提供了重要的化石资料。  相似文献   

11.
Police, politics, and the right to the city   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  
Mustafa Dikeç 《GeoJournal》2002,58(2-3):91-98
Space and spatiality have recently been at the core of debates concerning the political possibilities of the city. The arguments advanced in this paper might be seen as an attempt to contribute to these debates through a reflection on the spatiality of (in) justice, politics, and the right to the city. The case of French urban policy, with its focus on distressed urban areas, and the `suburban problem' in France are used as examples to make arguments more concrete.  相似文献   

12.
This paper reports the first results of a study of 11 isotope systems (3He/4He, 40Ar/36Ar, 34S/32S, 65Cu/63Cu, 62Ni/60Ni, 87Sr/86Sr, 143Nd/144Nd, 206–208Pb/204Pb, Hf–Nd, U–Pb, and Re–Os) in the rocks and ores of the Cu–Ni–PGE deposits of the Norilsk ore district. Almost all the results were obtained at the Center of Isotopic Research of the Karpinskii All-Russia Research Institute of Geology. The use of a number of independent genetic isotopic signatures and comprehensive isotopic knowledge provided a methodic basis for the interpretation of approximately 5000 isotopic analyses of various elements. The presence of materials from two sources, crust and mantle, was detected in the composition of the rocks and ores. The contribution of the crustal source is especially significant in the paleofluids (gas–liquid microinclusions) of the ore-forming medium. Crustal solutions were probably a transport medium during ore formation. Air argon is dominant in the ores, which indicates a connection between the paleofluids and the atmosphere. This suggests intense groundwater circulation during the crystallization of ore minerals. The age of the rocks and ores of the Norilsk deposits was determined. The stage of orebody formation is restricted to a narrow age interval of 250 ± 10 Ma. An isotopic criterion was proposed for the ore-bearing potential of mafic intrusions in the Norilsk–Taimyr region. It includes several interrelated isotopic ratios of various elements: He, Ar, S, and others.  相似文献   

13.
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14.
The Trinity River (Texas, USA) contains in its watershed 23 different reservoir lakes, the largest one being Lake Livingston situated in the lower Trinity River watershed and two potentially polluting metroplexes, Dallas and Houston. In order to determine fluxes of nutrients and trace metals to Galveston Bay, a survey that included 24 discreet samples collected over a year and at various stages of discharge was carried out during 2000–2001. Geochemical (i.e., sorption by Fe oxyhydroxides), biological (i.e., seasonal uptake by sinking algae in Lake Livingston), and hydrological (i.e., dilution effects by increasing flow rates) controls were found to be mainly responsible for variations in dissolved trace metal concentrations rather than pollution sources. The Trinity River loads of suspended sediments and pollutant trace metals entering Galveston Bay at Anahuac were <20% of those reaching Lake Livingston, and only a few percent of the total upstream trace metal load is entering the Gulf of Mexico. Thus, during the transit through the 23 man-made lakes and an estuary, >96% of the pollutant trace metal load is lost to sediments.  相似文献   

15.
The mineral composition of the Talatui gold deposit has been studied with modern methods. Previously unknown minerals (ilmenite, siegenite, glaucodot, wittichenite, matildite, hessite, pilsenite, zircon, tremolite, cummingtonite, hercynite, and goethite) have been identified in the ore. A high Re content has been detected in molybdenite. The spatiotemporal separation of Au and Ag is caused by different mineral species of these elements and their diachronous precipitation during the ore-forming process. Gold crystallized along with early mineral assemblages, beginning from virtually pure gold (the fineness is 996). Silver precipitated largely at the end of the process as hessite (Ag2Te) and matildite (AgBiS2). The temperature of ore deposition varied from 610 to 145°C, the pressure was 3370–110 bar, and the salt concentration ranged from 56.3 to 0.4 wt % NaCl equiv. The heterogeneous state (boiling) of fluid at the early stages has been documented. The chemical and isotopic compositions of the fluid testify to its magmatic nature and the participation of meteoric water at late stages in the ore-forming process. Thermodynamic modeling reproduces the main specific features of ore formation, including separation of Au and Ag. A physicochemical model of the gold mineralization in the Darasun ore district has been proposed. On the basis of several attributes, the Talatui deposit has been referred to the prophyry gold-copper economic type.  相似文献   

16.
Transport and transformation of nitrate was evaluated along a 1-km groundwater transect from an almond orchard to the Merced River, California, USA, within an irrigated agricultural setting. As indicated by measurements of pore-water nitrate and modeling using the root zone water quality model, about 63% of the applied nitrogen was transported through a 6.5-m unsaturated zone. Transport times from recharge locations to the edge of a riparian zone ranged from approximately 6 months to greater than 100 years. This allowed for partial denitrification in horizons having mildly reducing conditions, and essentially no denitrification in horizons with oxidizing conditions. Transport times across a 50–100-m-wide riparian zone of less than a year to over 6 years and more strongly reducing conditions resulted in greater rates of denitrification. Isotopic measurements and concentrations of excess N2 in water were indicative of denitrification with the highest rates below the Merced River. Discharge of water and nitrate into the river was dependent on gradients driven by irrigation or river stage. The results suggest that the assimilative capacity for nitrate of the groundwater system, and particularly the riverbed, is limiting the nitrate load to the Merced River in the study area.  相似文献   

17.
马元铅锌矿床是近年扬子陆块北缘铅锌找矿的新突破。矿体呈层状、似层状产于碑坝隆起翼部震旦系灯影组角砾状白云岩层间构造带中,围岩蚀变很弱。矿石中硫化物以闪锌矿、方铅矿为主,中粗粒晶质结构,充填于白云岩角砾间。闪锌矿富集Cd、Ge、Ag,贫In、Tl、Se,Ga/In为6~132,Ge/In多1000,成矿温度以中-低温为主。金属硫化物ε~(34)S值相对集中,为12.9‰~19.4‰,平均为17.4‰,来自于海相硫酸盐的还原。铅同位素组成稳定,~(206)Pb/~(204)Pb为17.858~17.918:~(207)Pb/~(204)Pb为15.603~15.694;~(208)Pb/~(204)Pb为37.756~38.046,具有造山带和上地壳铅的特征,震旦系可能提供了金属成矿物质。闪锌矿中流体包裹体的~3He/~4He为0.03Ra~1.05Ra,~(40)Ar/~(36)Ar为326.1~765.1,~(38)Ar/~(36)Ar为0.183~0.204,表明成矿流体主要为地壳流体和饱和大气水(大气降水或海水)的混合。闪锌矿内流体包裹体挥发分δ~(13)C_(CH_4)值为-36.01‰~-28.80‰,δ~(13)C_(C_2H_6)值为-27.72‰~-22.44‰,δ~(13)C_(CO_2)值为-23.24‰~-9.68‰,表明有机流体参与了成矿作用。石英、方解石的H-O同位素结果表明具有海水和有机水混合的特征。可见,成矿流体具有两种流体混合的特征,一为蒸发海水与围岩反应所形成的盆地卤水,二为有机流体。推测矿区可能存在一个古油气藏,由于TSR生成一高硫气藏,为区内还原性有机流体的主要来源。当富含Pb、Zn等成矿物质的成矿流体运移至富含CH_4和H_2S的还原性流体的矿区角砾岩带时,两种流体混合,Pb、Zn等遇到H_2S发生反应而沉淀成矿,并伴生热液白云石等,形成了马元铅锌矿床。综上所述,我们认为马元矿床属MVT型铅锌矿床。  相似文献   

18.
Clay subfractions (SFs) of <0.1, 0.1–0.2, 0.2–0.3, 0.3–0.6, 0.6–2 and 2–5 μm separated from Middle Riphean shales of the Debengda Formation are studied using the TEM, XRD, K-Ar and Rb-Sr isotopic methods. The oxygen and hydrogen isotope compositions in the SFs are studied as well. The low-temperature illite-smectite is dominant mineral in all the SFs except for the coarsest ones. The XRD, chemical and isotopic data imply that two generations of authigenic illite-smectite different in age are mixed in the SFs. The illite crystallinity index decreases in parallel with size diminishing of clay particles. As compared to coarser SFs, illite of fine-grained subfractions is enriched in Al relative to Fe and Mg, contains more K, and reveals higher K/Rb and Rb/Sr ratios. The Rb-Sr age calculated by means of the leachochron (“inner isochron”) method declines gradually from 1254-1272 Ma in the coarsest SFs to 1038-1044 Ma in finest ones, while the K-Ar age decreases simultaneously from 1225–1240 to 1080 Ma. The established positive correlation of δ18O and δD values with dimensions of clay particles in the SFs seems to be also consistent with the mixing systematics. The isotopic systematics along with data on mineral composition and morphology lead to the conclusion that mixedlayer illite-smectite was formed in the Debengda shales during two periods 1211–1272 and 1038–1080 Ma ago. The first period is likely close to the deposition time of sediments and corresponds to events of burial catagenesis, whereas the second one is correlative with the regional uplift and changes in hydrological regime during the pre-Khaipakh break in sedimentation.  相似文献   

19.
Over the past decade researchers working on the rocks of the Beaufort Group in the main Karoo Basin of South Africa have vastly increased our understanding of this important Permo-Triassic sequence. Many new fossil forms have been discovered, allowing for breakthroughs into the biodiversity, biogeography and biostratigraphy of the group. Taxonomic and phylogenetic advances are many and varied, and cover most of the vertebrate taxa, but with emphasis placed on the temnospondyl amphibians, archosauriforms and non-mammalian synapsids, in particular the anomodontia. Biostratigraphic breakthroughs have centered on the Middle Permian Eodicynodon and Tapinocephalus assemblage zones, the Late Permian Dicynodon Assemblage Zone, and the Triassic Lystrosaurus and Cynognathus assemblage zones. Correlation of these biozones with better dated sequences in Europe, Russia and China has allowed for many chronostratigraphic refinements, which are in turn vital for sequence stratigraphical analysis of the basin fill. Based on fossil data, both the lower (Ecca–Beaufort) and upper (Beaufort–Molteno) contacts of the group have been proved to be highly diachronous. The refined chronostratigraphic framework has also allowed for a better analysis of the basin evolution through time, particularly in terms of the correlation of external stimuli that affect basin sedimentation patterns.  相似文献   

20.
藏北羌塘丁固—加措地区康托组的时代   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  
自西藏区域地质调查大队创建康托组以来,康托组岩石地层单位广泛应用于羌塘地区,普遍认为其时代为新近纪.笔者于丁固-加措地区的康托组地层中采获古近纪轮藻化石Obtusocharat sp.,O.lanpingenis,Gyrogona qinajiangica和部分孢粉化石,并在康托组底部安山岩中获K-Ar年龄65.1～66.5Ma.上述轮藻组合与同位素年龄指示的地层时代为古新世-始新世,据此将测区康托组的时代确定为古近纪.由于测区康托组之上被唢纳湖组或鱼鳞山组角度不整合覆盖,因此康托组时代的确定不仅进一步完善了测区新生代地层系统,还指示测区在康托组与唢纳湖组或鱼鳞山组之间发生了一次强烈的构造运动.  相似文献   

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