共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 31 毫秒
1.
Ship hull drag reduction using bottom air injection 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Robert Latorre Dr. 《Ocean Engineering》1997,24(2):161-175
The idea of bottom air injection to reduce ship hull resistance is not new. Early patents envisioned planing hull applications. Recent planing hull tests speed realized an increase of 7–12 knots. River barges and ship fitted with an air injection system results are presented to show a 10–15% reduction in the frictional resistance. Graphs for making initial estimates for displacement hulls with bottom air injection are presented. It is clear from these results that improvements in high speed planing catamarans and full form hull resistance can be realized by using bottom air injection. 相似文献
2.
An underwater vehicle typically has various appendages such as sail, rudders and hydroplanes. These appendages affect the hull hydrodynamic characteristics, including the resistance components and the form of the generated wave due to the motion of the vehicle near the free surface. The effect of the appendages on the hydrodynamic characteristics of an underwater vehicle near the free surface is studied. Initially the DARPPA SUBOFF submarine without the appendages is selected and hydrodynamic characteristics, including the friction resistance, viscous pressure resistance, wave resistance and shape of the created wave on the free surface are calculated for Froude numbers in the range of 0.128–0.84 and non-dimensional submergence depths 1.3, 2.2, 3.3 & 4.4. Then, by adding the appendages and comparing these two conditions, the effect of appendages is obtained. The results of computations indicate that the appendages cause a mean increase of about 16% in the total resistance. This increment is due to viscosity of fluid and also the interaction of the main hull with the appendages. There are no significant changes in the wave pattern and wave making resistance due to the presence of appendages. 相似文献
3.
This paper proposes a Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) based unsteady RANS model which enables the prediction of the effect of marine coatings and biofouling on ship resistance and presents CFD simulations of the roughness effects on the resistance and effective power of the full-scale 3D KRISO Container Ship (KCS) hull.Initially, a roughness function model representing a typical coating and different fouling conditions was developed by using the roughness functions given in the literature. This model then was employed in the wall-function of the CFD software and the effects of a typical as applied coating and different fouling conditions on the frictional resistance of flat plates representing the KCS were predicted for a design speed of 24 knots and a slow steaming speed of 19 knots using the proposed CFD model. The roughness effects of such conditions on the resistance components and effective power of the full-scale 3D KCS model were then predicted at the same speeds. The resulting frictional resistance values of the present study were then compared with each other and with results obtained using the similarity law analysis. The increase in the effective power of the full-scale KCS hull was predicted to be 18.1% for a deteriorated coating or light slime whereas that due to heavy slime was predicted to be 38% at a ship speed of 24 knots. In addition, it was observed that the wave resistance and wave systems are significantly affected by the hull roughness and hence viscosity. 相似文献
4.
The relationship between the RMS amplitudes of the wind wave spectral components and the wind speed has been studied at ten frequencies in the band of 0.65–23 Hz. To measure the parameters of the high-frequenci waves, a resistance elevation wave gauge was operated, which was deployed in the Black See on an oceanographic platform near Katsively. The correlation between the wave amplitudes and the wind velocity at high frequencies of 5–23 Hz, corresponding to gravitation-capillary ripples, was found to reach a value of 0.8. At lower frequencies of 0.65–4.3 Hz, corresponding to short gravity waves, it dropped to 0.5–0.7. The response of spectral components to the wind speed variations in the gravity-capillary range is higher than in the range of short gravity waves. The results obtained differ from Phillips' idea about a saturated range for the frequency form of the spectrum of high-frequency gravity waves, since a linear dependence of the spectral amplitudes on the wind speed is established at a wind of force 1–8.Translated by Mikhail M. Trufanov. 相似文献
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A structure scheme of a pile-based breakwater with integrated oscillating water column(OWC) energy conversion chamber was proposed, and four structure forms had been designed. Based on the physical test, the variations of the reflected wave height, the transmitted wave height, the air velocity at the outlet of the chamber, the air pressure and the wave height in the air chamber were studied under the conditions of different wave heights, periods, with or without elliptical front wall and the baffles on both sides of the chamber. Moreover, based on the results, the changes and relationship between the wave-eliminating effect and energy conversion effect of the scheme were analyzed. In general, it turns out, the transmission coefficients of the four structure forms are kept below 0.5. Furthermore, the transmission coefficients of the structural forms G2, G3, and G4 were all smaller than 0.4, and it is only 0.1 at its smallest. Thereinto, in general, the structure form G4 has the best wave-eliminating and energy conversion performance. At the same time, when the wave steepness is 0.066, the energy conversion and wave dissipation effect of the four structure forms is the best. The research results could be provided as the reference for the design structure selection of pile-based breakwater with integrated OWC energy conversion chamber. 相似文献
7.
通过自由落体的入水方式,分别在静水和规则波中开展了两种不同横剖面的曲面楔形体入水砰击问题试验研究。使用高速摄像系统记录楔形体入水过程流场演变和运动特性,采用加速度传感器和压力传感器进行数据的动态采集。试验结果表明,在静水中入水时,外凸剖面楔形体入水砰击后模型两侧的射流飞溅比反曲剖面更剧烈,而在楔形体前端的水面以下部分形成的气腔更小;在规则波中入水时,对于相同模型,在波峰和上跨零点相位下模型入水砰击后两侧的射流飞溅比在波谷相位更剧烈。相同工况时,反曲剖面模型所受砰击的加速度峰值和压力峰值更小;在相同的入水速度下,对于相同模型,波浪载荷和砰击载荷的共同作用会使模型所受砰击压力显著增大。 相似文献
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耐压结构是深海潜器的重要组成部分,但在深海的高压环境中却存在内爆的风险。为研究陶瓷耐压结构水下内爆的流场特性,使用针对可压缩多相流问题开发的开源代码,采用直接数值模拟,应用自适应直角网格,对两种压力条件下的耐压结构水下内爆进行了数值模拟。通过低压模拟结果与理论解和试验值比较,验证了模拟方法的有效性,进而开展万米级深海陶瓷耐压结构水下内爆模拟。分析发现：陶瓷耐压结构发生内爆后,其内部气腔存在多次压缩—反弹现象,深海环境压力越大则反弹越不明显;气腔反弹阶段,在结构外部将产生数倍于深海环境压力的冲击波,且传播速度接近声速;冲击波压力峰值与到球心距离呈负指数幂函数关系;在相同深海环境压力下,耐压结构外部监测点的冲击波压力与球体半径呈正比例关系。 相似文献
10.
人工岛作为一种新兴的海岸工程, 它的建设所引起的岸滩冲淤和防护问题日益受到人们的关注。本文以海南万宁市日月湾人工岛为例, 通过4期实测海滩剖面数据和多时相遥感影像, 分析了冬季波浪与人工岛联合作用对日月湾海滩冲淤变化的影响, 并结合海区波况, 探究了海滩冲淤变化机理。研究表明, 日月湾海区冬半年的平均有效波高与波浪周期明显强于夏半年, 且波浪强度整体上呈现逐年上升的趋势, 但在人工岛建设前后变化幅度较小; 人工岛建设对海滩地貌变化有强烈影响, 海滩呈现出岛后淤积而两侧侵蚀的显著特征, 岛影区海滩不断淤积, 岸线向海淤进达200m, 甚至可能与人工岛相连形成连岛沙坝, 人工岛后两侧海滩侵蚀, 岸线向陆一侧蚀退最大距离达50m; 海滩在冬季波浪和人工岛共同影响下, 岸滩自北向南依次表现为稳定、侵蚀、淤积、相对稳定、略有侵蚀或淤积、侵蚀、淤积的冲淤变化特征。 相似文献
11.
Based on the Rankine source, this paper proposed a time-domain method for analyzing the three-dimensional wave–structure interaction problem in irregular wave. A stable integral form of the free-surface boundary condition (IFBC) is employed to update the velocity potential on the free surface. A multi-transmitting formula, with an artificial wave speed, is used to eliminate the wave reflection for radiation condition on the artificial boundary. An effective multi-transmitting formula, coupled with damping zone method, is further used to analyze the irregular wave diffraction at the artificial boundary. We investigate hydrodynamic forces on floating structure and compare our solution to the frequency-domain solution. It is shown that long time simulation can be done with high stability and the numerical results agree well with the solution obtained under the frequency domain. The efficiency of the proposed multi-transmitting formula and the coupled methods for radiation boundary make them promising candidates in studying the irregular water wave problem in time domain. 相似文献
12.
C. Graham 《Coastal Engineering》1982,6(4)
This study sets out to define the basic forms in which wind speed and wave height persistence statistics may be defined for offshore engineering applications, and describes the development of a mathematical persistence model.The model incorporates some of the principles laid down by other workers, but it is fundamentally based on a new concept for parameterising persistence statistics, linking wind speed and sea state percentage probability of exceedance with the persistence average duration.North Sea measured wind and wave data have been used to calibrate and test the model. During the course of these test runs it proved necessary to fine tune the basic Weibull equation of the model, but following these adjustments the model runs were found to correlate well with the measured data.It is concluded that the model may be used to predict wind speed and wave height persistence statistics with acceptable accuracy for preliminary stage oil industry planning purposes and that the calibrated model has particular application for those areas where little measured data are currently available. 相似文献
13.
Filipa Simes Brito Ferreira Oliveira 《Ocean Engineering》2007,34(2):337-342
Two numerical formulations of the breaking phenomenon were implemented in a numerical model for random wave propagation based on the elliptic formulation of the mild-slope equation. The randomness of the wave field was simulated based on a spectral component method, in which the 3-D spectrum is discretised in components of equal energy. One of the breaking process formulations is based on the concept of breaking each independent spectral component. The other is based on the distribution of the local amount of energy dissipated through the independent spectral components. The model based on the concept of breaking each independent spectral component produces the best estimates of the wave field, when the numerical results are compared with laboratory data. 相似文献
14.
A mathematical model to predict iceberg drift pattern has been developed, which includes the wave drift force, in addition to the other conventional force components such as forces due to wind, current, Coriolis effect, and geostrophic effect. Trajectories of two icebergs were computed first with the wave effect then without the wave effect. All were compared with the observed results from the field. The model with the wave effect shows a significant improvement in the correlation. 相似文献
15.
A large bow wave forms when blunt-shaped vessels like self-propelled jack-up crane vessels (liftboats) operate at high speeds. Above a critical speed, this bow wave spills over the bow causing swamping. To investigate this phenomena, towing tank tests of a 1/25 scale model liftboat hull were done over a speed range of 3–8 kn. The test showed above 4 kn the bow wave formed and the vessel trimmed by the bow. At speeds above 8 kn the bow wave spilled over the bow (swamping). To cancel this critical bow wave a vertical bow plate was fitted ahead of the liftboat bow. This bow plate reduced the bow wave formation and achieved a 10–15% reduction in the towing resistance. The wave cancellation bow plate can reduce the liftboat power or increase its liftboat speed and operating range. 相似文献
16.
An inverse hull design approach in minimizing the ship wave 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
The Levenberg–Marquardt Method (LMM) and a panel code for solving the wave-making problem are utilized in an inverse hull design problem for minimizing the wave of ships. A typical catamaran is selected as the example ship for the present study. The hull form of the catamaran is described by the B-spline surface method so that the shape of the hull can be completely specified using only a small number of parameters (i.e. control points). The technique of parameter estimation for the inverse design problem is thus chosen. The LMM of parameter estimation, which is the combination of steepest descent and Newton’s methods, has been proven to be a powerful tool for the inverse shape design problem. For this reason it is adopted in the present study.In the present studies, the inverse hull design method can not only be applied to estimate the hull form based on the known wave data of the target ship but can also be applied to estimate the unknown hull form based on the reduced wave height. The optimal hull forms of minimizing wave for a typical catamaran in deep water at service speed and at the critical speed of shallow water are estimated, respectively. Moreover, a new hull form with the combining feature of the optimal hull forms for deep water and shallow water is performing well under both conditions. The numerical simulation indicates that the hull form designed by inverse hull design method can reduce the ship wave significantly in comparison with the original hull form. 相似文献
17.
运用时空域的二阶中心差分法 ,由运动微分方程、自由边界条件及人工边界上的吸收边界条件 ,导出了二维非均匀粘滞弹性介质中波传播的二阶显示差分格式。该法可以方便且精确地处理自由表面、人工边界及交接层面。实现了在微机上用有限差分法对地震波在传播过程中的波型转换及波形变化的全波场模拟 相似文献
18.
Based on the ray theory and Longuet-Higgins’s linear model of sea waves, the joint distribution of wave envelope and apparent wave number vector is established. From the joint distribution, we define a new concept, namely the outer wave number spectrum, to describe the outer characteristics of ocean waves. The analytical form of the outer wave number spectrum, the probability distributions of the apparent wave number vector and its components are then derived. The outer wave number spectrum is compared with the inner wave number spectrum for the average status of wind-wave development corresponding to a peakness factor P = 3. Discussions on the similarity and difference between the outer wave number spectrum and inner one are also presented in the paper. 相似文献
19.
植被斜坡岸滩海啸波消减数值模拟研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
An explicit one-dimensional model based on the shallow water equations(SWEs) was established in this work to simulate tsunami wave propagation on a vegetated beach. This model adopted the finite-volume method(FVM)for maintaining the mass balance of these equations. The resistance force caused by vegetation was taken into account as a source term in the momentum equation. The Harten–Lax–van Leer(HLL) approximate Riemann solver was applied to evaluate the interface fluxes for tracing the wet/dry transition boundary. This proposed model was used to simulate solitary wave run-up and long-periodic wave propagation on a sloping beach. The calibration process suitably compared the calculated results with the measured data. The tsunami waves were also simulated to discuss the water depth, tsunami force, as well as the current speed in absence of and in presence of forest domain. The results indicated that forest growth at the beach reduced wave energy loss caused by tsunamis. A series of sensitivity analyses were conducted with respect to variable parameters(such as vegetation densities, wave heights, wave periods, bed resistance, and beach slopes) to identify important influences on mitigating tsunami damage on coastal forest beach. 相似文献
20.
This study attempts to obtain optimum parametric levels for robust design of the microbubble drag reduction in a turbulent channel flow. This work was carried out experimentally by measuring the frictional resistance on the upper wall of the channel to analyze the efficiency of drag reduction. Considering the mean flow speed as an indicative factor, several controllable factors that influence the effect of microbubble drag reduction were investigated in this work by using the Taguchi method. The controllable factors in this study were the amount of air injected, area of air injection, and microbubble size. For the condition of optimum parametric levels, the effect of drag reduced could reach up to 21.6%. 相似文献