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2003年5月26日宫城县近海地震--由工程学角度研究强震动的特征与所造成的灾害 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
引言2003年5月26日下午6时24分发生了震源位于宫城县近海的7.0级地震(以下简称“5·26”地震)。地震造成港口设施、东北新干线天桥部分受损,并发生滑坡。由于天桥受损导致东北新干线部分区段运输中断,不仅延误了自治体的信息传递,移动电话等也不能及时通活。万没想到的是,在与这次地震发生的同一地区,即2003年7月26日的午前0时13分M5.5,7时13分M6.2,午后4时56分M5.3的地震又相继发生,震源均位于宫城县北部地区(以下简称为“7·26”地震)。“7·26”地震造成的灾害比“5·26”地震大得多,下面,对这两次地震的受灾情况做一介绍。1“5·26”… 相似文献
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松潘小河地区地震山地灾害研究 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：1
本文本能１９７６年松潘、平武７．２级地震诱发的山地灾害的实地跟踪调查，着重对松潘小河地区地震前后山地灾害进行了对比分析，并就该地区地震山地灾害的类型、特点、成因及发展趋势进行了较深入的研究。针对山地灾害爆发突然、成灾迅速、分布方泛、危害严重的特点，提出灾时的应急措施及长、中期防御与重建对策和建议。 相似文献
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本文在简略论述重庆江北5.2、5.4级地震基础上,介绍了新闻媒介在报道震情灾情、地震趋势的判断、抗震救灾、宣传地震科普知识、消除群众疑虑思想、报道建筑物的抗震能力、预防次生灾害以及对稳定社会、安定人心,减轻地震灾害损失等方面起到的重要作用。 相似文献
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1996年2月3日云南丽江7级地震概况 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
１９９６年２月３在云南省丽江发生７．０级强烈地震，波及４个少数民族地区，受灾人口约１００万，其中重灾民达３０多万，给当地人民群众的生命财产造成巨大损失。该文概述了这次地震情况，内容包括：震灾害情况、救援情况，国际社会援助情况以及地震趋势。 相似文献
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1990年2月10日1时57分27.2秒发生在常熟市与太仓县交界处的5.1级地震,震级不大,但震害和影响颇深。本文介绍了这次地震的灾害及其经济损失,以及由此造成的社会影响,分析了产生如此严重灾害的原因和应该汲取的教训。 相似文献
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本文以四川化工总厂为例,通过对化工企业生产的特点的分析,预测地处地震危险区的大型化工企业在破坏性地震发生时可能出现的地震次生灾害,并探索在地震孕育、发震、震后各时期的地震对策. 相似文献
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引言
日本东北部的日本海沿岸被称之为“应变集中带”的区域很广泛,那里存在着许多活断层或活褶皱等活构造,屡屡发生造成重大灾害的地震。为此,日本文部科学省于2008年开始实施了通过探明应变集中带活构造的整体图像,构筑发震断层模式来预测应变集中带发生的地震规模和发生时间的长期评价,这样有助于实现高水平的强震动评价的研究计划。 相似文献
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记述了1991年3月26日大同－阳高5.8级地震震前和震时，震区各级政府部门以及工农商学兵社会各界在地震发生时，遇变不惊，处惊不乱，反应快速，按照既定的地震防灾方案、应急预案进行防震救灾实践，取得最大限度减轻地震灾害损失的良好社会经济效益的情况，指出这为地震重点监视防御区建立综合防御体系，深入开展防震减灾工作提供了值得借鉴的宝贵经验。 相似文献
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Gtz Schroth Luciana Ferreira Da Silva Marc‐Andree Wolf Wenceslau Geraldes Teixeira Wolfgang Zech 《水文研究》1999,13(10):1423-1436
The partitioning of rain water into throughfall, stemflow and interception loss when passing through plant canopies depends on properties of the respective plant species, such as leaf area and branch angles. In heterogeneous vegetation, such as tropical forest or polycultural systems, the presence of different plant species may consequently result in a mosaic of situations with respect to quantity and quality of water inputs into the soil. As these processes influence not only the water availability for the plants, but also water infiltration and nutrient leaching, the understanding of plant effects on the repartitioning of rain water may help in the optimization of land use systems and management practices. We measured throughfall and stemflow in a perennial polyculture (multi‐strata agroforestry), monocultures of peach palm (Bactris gasipaes) for fruit and for palmito, a monoculture of cupuaçu (Theobroma grandiflorum), spontaneous fallow and primary forest during one year in central Amazonia, Brazil. The effect on rain water partitioning was measured separately for four useful tree species in the polyculture and for two tree species in the primary forest. Throughfall at two stem distances, and stemflow, differed significantly between tree species, resulting in pronounced spatial patterns of water input into the soil in the polyculture system. For two tree species, peach palm for fruit (Bactris gasipaes) and Brazil nut trees (Bertholletia excelsa), the water input into the soil near the stem was significantly higher than the open‐area rainfall. This could lead to increased nutrient leaching when fertilizer is applied close to the stem of these trees. In the primary forest, such spatial patterns could also be detected, with significantly higher water input near a palm (Oenocarpus bacaba) than near a dicotyledonous tree species (Eschweilera sp.). Interception losses were 6·4% in the polyculture, 13·9 and 12·3% in the peach palm monocultures for fruit and for palmito, respectively, 0·5% in the cupuaçu monoculture and 3·1% in the fallow. With more than 20% of the open‐area rainfall, the highest stemflow contributions to the water input into the soil were measured in the palm monocultures and in the fallow. Copyright © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
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M. N. French R. L. Bras W. F. Krajewski 《Stochastic Environmental Research and Risk Assessment (SERRA)》1992,6(1):27-45
A procedure for short-term rainfall forecasting in real-time is developed and a study of the role of sampling on forecast ability is conducted. Ground level rainfall fields are forecasted using a stochastic space-time rainfall model in state-space form. Updating of the rainfall field in real-time is accomplished using a distributed parameter Kalman filter to optimally combine measurement information and forecast model estimates. The influence of sampling density on forecast accuracy is evaluated using a series of a simulated rainfall events generated with the same stochastic rainfall model. Sampling was conducted at five different network spatial densities. The results quantify the influence of sampling network density on real-time rainfall field forecasting. Statistical analyses of the rainfall field residuals illustrate improvement in one hour lead time forecasts at higher measurement densities. 相似文献
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M. A. Kahn 《洁净——土壤、空气、水》2000,28(2):95-101
Red tide, a recurrent phenomenon has become conspicuous in several Kashmir lake ecosystems since 1991. The responsible organism (Euglena pedunculata), a rare flagellate rediscovered in the Kashmir Himalaya (Khan 1993) caused first and unprecedented red tide outbreak, constituting a maximum of 96% of resident numerical phytoplankton density in Dal Lake. At present, conflicting hypotheses exist on the generation of causal assemblage(s) imparting redness to waters: Jeeji Bai (1991) linked its origin to acid precipitation – a fallout of burning oil‐fields during the Gulf War – whilst Khan (1993) holds local factor(s) responsible. Field/experimental studies support the latter contention that the influx of untreated sewage, in unison with warm temperatures, high levels of PhAR, iron and interruption to hydrological flow‐pattern together with absence/or reduction in grazing activity created conducive environmental milieu for red tide outbreak. Dal Lake “red tide” drifted the bloom‐inoculum to other waters, including Lake Wular, where additional ecological niches were carved out, threatening the aesthetic value and biological diversity of Kashmir lakes. Ecological monitoring indicates frequent seasonal red tide occurrence in Dal Lake (including summer‐autumn event of 1998) which testifies its unabated eutrophication status. Further studies are needed on ecological adaptability and biogeographic distribution of this rare and unique red tide‐causing flagellate. 相似文献
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