共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 816 毫秒
1.
在地球物理学领域中,存在着大量谱估计问题。常用的方法有:间接法、相关变换法和付里叶变换等。这些方法总是给资料加上某种限制,使作出的谱估计分辨率低,谱值出现畸变,而极大熵谱法(Maximum Entropy Metbod,简称MEM)克服了这种缺点。熵是随机过程单位时间(或自变量单位间距)的平均信息,而平稳过程的熵取极大时的功率谱即为最大熵谱。它可以得到一种高阶AR(P)模型来描述时间序列。它对功率谱的估计,尤其对卓越周期的寻求比传统方法要好;能给出分辨率高,功率偏移小的估计。图1就是非常好的例证。 相似文献
2.
提出一种在时间域采用最大熵谱反褶积提取台站接收函数的方法，以最大熵作为自相关函数和互相关函数的递推准则，利用Toeplitz方程及Levinson递推算法，得到预测误差滤波系数的递推公式，从而计算台站接收函数．外推运算过程中，反射系数总是小于1，保证了最大熵谱反褶积的稳定性．时窗外数据熵极大提高了接收函数的分辨率．合成地震图与实测地震图的检验表明, 最大熵谱反褶积是一种在时间域测定台站接收函数的有效方法． 相似文献
3.
基于保角变换的双谱域相位谱估计方法及其在地震子波估计中的应用(英文) 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
地震子波估计是地震资料处理与解释中的重要环节,它的准确与否直接关系到反褶积及反演等结果的好坏。高阶谱(双谱和三谱)地震子波估计方法是一类重要的、新兴的子波估计方法,然而基于高阶谱的地震子波估计往往因为高阶相位谱卷绕的原因,导致子波相位谱求解产生偏差,进而影响了混合相位子波估计的效果。针对这一问题,本文在双谱域提出了一种基于保角变换的相位谱求解方法。通过缩小傅里叶相位谱的取值范围,有效避免了双谱相位发生卷绕的情况,从而消除了原相位谱估计中双谱相位卷绕的影响。该方法与最小二乘法相位谱估计相结合,构成了基于保角变换的最小二乘地震子波相位谱估计方法,并与最小二乘地震子波振幅谱估计方法一起,应用到了地震资料混合相位子波估计中。理论模型和实际资料验证了该方法的有效性。同时本文将双谱域地震子波相位谱估计中保角变换的思想推广到三谱域地震子波相位谱估计中。 相似文献
4.
利用最大熵谱法和快速傅里叶变换分别对天祝地震序列频谱进行了分析,并对分析结果进行了比较,结果表明,上述２种方法对于提取地震波中的有用信息都是有效的,可靠的,最大熵谱法的分辨率较高,傅里叶变换分辨率较低,但使用简单、方便。 相似文献
5.
6.
7.
8.
本文应用2013年芦山MS7.0与岷县漳县MS6.6地震震中周围的平凉等3个地电场台站观测数据,研究地震发生前后地电场在时间域、频率域内的变化。结果表明:1在芦山地震、岷县漳县地震前,位于青藏高原东北缘的平凉台记录到显著的地电场异常变化。2利用最大熵谱估计方法计算平凉、松山、古丰台在芦山地震以及岷县漳县地震发生前后地电场观测数据,得到在上述两次地震前均发生地电场功率谱密度(特别是低于4×10-3 Hz频段的成分)增大的现象,岷县漳县地震发生后,部分测向谱密度增大现象消失。3距离震源区越近,地震发生前后功率谱密度异常变化越明显,长短极距相关性越差,初步分析认为此现象的发生,可能是由于在震源孕育、发生过程中,台站所在位置地下介质形变激发宏观电磁辐射造成的。 相似文献
9.
引言 1967年J. P. Burg提出了最大熵法(MEM),亦称最大熵谱法,1971年、1972年Lacoss和Burg等人分别讨论了该方法的数学特征,并发现该方法优越于快速傅里叶变换。MEM的分辨率是一般谱分析的4倍,尤其是对于短资料的谱分析可得到更真实的谱估值。1972年T. J. Ulrych将此方法用于地磁资料的分析中,并采用了最终预报误差(FPE)的定阶方法确定滤波系数的阶。1974年N. Andersen提出了适合于计算机处理的MEM滤波系数的递推算法框图,可快速简便地进行谱分析。MEM方法在气象 相似文献
10.
11.
Carlos Emilio Moyano
Ana Marí
a Osella 《Physics of the Earth and Planetary Interiors》1990,60(1-4):62-67The ability of the Maximum Entropy Spectral Estimate (MEM) to handle magnetotelluric signals was investigated. To this end simulations of naturally occurring signals and real data were spectral analyzed both by a standard FFT technique and by MEM. The method developed for the simulation of the time series, provides accurate amplitudes and phase, and turns out to be a good test procedure for spectral analysis methods, as they apply to MT signal processing. The final estimation of the apparent resistivity was better achieved by the FFT technique. Oscillations were observed in the estimation of the apparent resistivities by MEM. 相似文献
12.
Maximum Entropy Spectral Analysis and Multiple Regression Analysis of the 200 year series (1781–1980) of the change in L.O.D. (Length of Day) revealed significant peaks atT=21, 32, 50, 63 and possibly 120 years. The periodsT=22 and 44 years seem to be stable over 200 years. 相似文献
13.
Total ozone data series for 1957–82 at ten locations were subjected to Maximum Entropy Spectral Analysis. Besides the annual, semi-annual, and quasi-biennial oscillations, peaks were noticed at 3.5–4, 6–7, and 10–11 years. For Arosa, Switzerland, for a longer period (1932–71), an additional peak was indicated at about 16 years. 相似文献
14.
A Maximum Entropy Spectral Analysis of the geological time series of the oxygen isotope 18 for the last 782,000 years showed 98,000 years as the most prominent periodicity, followed by 40,000 years of less than half the amplitude and still smaller peaks at 24,000, 67,000, 84,000, 107,000 and 786,000 years. Among the astronomical parameters, only eccentricity showed a similar periodicity viz. 96,000 years. Obliquity had a prominent periodicity at 41,000 years which was reflected in the oxygen isotope series also. Corresponding to the bimodal precession peaks (23,000 and 19,000 years), the oxygen isotope series showed a peak at 24,000 years and smaller peaks at 22,000 and 19,000 years. Our results compare well with those obtained byThomson (1990) with a more sophisticated method. 相似文献
15.
利用三峡库区35个台站1961-2010年汛期(5-9月)的逐日降水量资料,首先定义不同台站的极端降水量阈值,统计各站近50 a逐年汛期极端降水事件的发生频次,进而分析其时空变化特征.结果表明:三峡库区汛期极端降水事件发生频次的最主要空间模态是主体一致性,同时存在东西和南北相反变化的差异.三峡库区汛期极端降水事件发生频次具有较大的空间差异,可分为具有不同变化特点的5个主要异常区.滑动t检验表明,三峡库区西南部区代表站巴南的极端降水事件在1974年后发生了一次由偏多转为偏少的突变,北部区代表站北碚在1981年后和1993年后分别发生了由偏少转为偏多和由偏多到偏少的突变,中部区代表站武隆在1984年后发生了一次由偏多转为偏少的突变.结合最大熵谱和功率谱分析表明,近50 a来各分区汛期极端降水事件发生频次的周期振荡不太一致,三峡库区东北部区代表站宜昌、北部区代表站北碚和中部区代表站武隆分别存在5、2.4和8.3 a的显著周期. 相似文献
16.
17.
In this paper, correlation between the ground motion parameters and the peak displacement demand of a reinforced concrete single degree of freedom system retrofitted by friction dampers is investigated. The aim is to reveal the best parameters that are used in selecting earthquake records for nonlinear dynamic analysis of the system. Performing numerous nonlinear time history analyses, it is observed that different earthquake parameters play role in peak displacement demand related to the ranges formed by the different periods of a reinforced concrete frame, the strength ratio of total system at slip displacement and the stiff/soft soil profiles. For the both soil types, out of sixteen ground motion parameters, the eight, Spectral Response Acceleration, Peak Ground Acceleration, Effective Peak Acceleration, Maximum Incremental Velocity, Peak Ground Velocity, Arias Intensity, Arias Intensity-based Parameter and Effective Peak Velocity correlate better with peak displacement demand. 相似文献
18.
A fiber-optic microphobe is described which is inexpensive and simple to build and use. It consists of an 80-micrometers optical fiber which at the end is tapered down to a rounded sensing tip of 20-30-micrometers diameter. The detector is a hybrid photodiode/amplifier. The probe has a sensitivity of 0.01 microEinst m-2 s-1 and a spectral range of 300-1,100 nm. Spectral light gradients were measured in fine-grained San Francisco Bay sediment that had an undisturbed diatom coating on the surface. The photic zone of the mud was only 0.4 mm deep. Measured in situ spectra showed extinction maxima at 430-520, 620-630, 670, and 825-850 nm due to absorption by chlorophyll a, carotenoids, phycocyanin, and bacterio-chlorophyll a. Maximum light penetration in the visible range was found in both the violet and the red < or = 400 and > or = 700 nm. 相似文献
19.
The minimum winter temperature series for the United States Gulf Coast for 1799–1988 (190 values) was subjected to Maximum Entropy Spectral Analysis. Significant periodicities in the QBO region (T-2–3 years) and atT=3.7, 4.5, 5.5, 6.5, 7.5, 12.9, 15.5 and 22 years were detected. Some of these were present in the first half only (1799–1893) while others in the latter half only (1894–1988), indicating a transient nature. Also, more than 50% of the variance was random. Many of the significant periodicities are seen in other geophysical parameters. Some may be harmonics of the 11-year sunspot cycle and the 22-year Hale magnetic sunspot cycle. 相似文献