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利用甘肃省区域地震台网提供的地震波形,计算得到甘肃东南地区2010年1月至2014年6月183个ML≥2.5地震纵、横波的拐角频率和零频极限等震源谱参数,分析2013年7月22日岷县—漳县MS6.6地震前后纵、横波拐角频率比值和零频极限比值的变化特征,间接反映震源处波速比的变化。结果如下:(1)拐角频率比值的平均值约为1.32,而由零频极限比值计算得到的波速比平均值约为1.55,后者高于前者;(2)二者得到波速比的时间变化趋势基本一致:两个波速比在岷县地震前后呈现出"明显升高-下降-震前急剧下降-震后缓慢恢复"的变化过程;(3)二者得到的波速比空间分布基本一致:岷县地震震中附近及合作、舟曲等地区在震前出现低值异常,震中附近地区的波速比在震后有所回升。 相似文献
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利用成都区域数字化地震台网记录的雅江地震序列的波形资料,使用波谱分析方法,通过纵、横波的零频谱值的比值得到了雅江地震序列前及余震的纵、横波速比。结果表明,雅江地震序列纵、横波速比在主震前后存在不同变化,不同台站求得的波速比变化过程也存在明显差异。 相似文献
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天祝-古浪5.4级地震前后波谱异常特征研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
使用CDSN兰州台数字地震记录资料,用IASPEI推荐的Seisg ram谱分析软件,对1996年6月1日发生在甘肃天祝-古浪MS 5. 4地震之前的3个前震和14个余震的波谱特征作了初步研究: ① 在主震后地震的纵横波零频位移谱值的对数比值从1. 2左右下降到1. 0左右; ② 纵横波谱的拐角频率比值和高频衰减斜率比值均由主震前的1. 0下降到主震后的0. 8;③ 各频谱特征量呈现异常的时间基本上同步,其异常形态也相似; ④ 前震的各频谱特征量较余震有明显差异,因而有可能成为预测主震的重要指标。 相似文献
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岫岩5.4和5.1级地震前波谱异常特征研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
使用辽宁数字地震台网1999年11月9日至2000年1月10日记录的52次地震共360余条数字化波形事件, 采用PITSA软件, 对发生在岫岩5.4级地震的27个前震和5.4级地震后的5.1级地震(最大余震)前25个余震的纵、 横波拐角频率比值fcp/fcs进行了研究。 结果表明: 在岫岩5.4级和5.1级地震前的纵波和横波拐角频率比值fcp/fcs, 在2次较大地震前均出现较明显的下降异常, 此异常可作为今后地震预测可能的参考与临震判断的依据。 相似文献
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利用安徽数字地震台网安庆台记录的地震波形资料,采用单台法,计算2011年1月19日安徽安庆4.8级地震余震的波速比及利用Matlap程序计算其卓越频率,得出以下分析结果:1)波速比存在高低值异常分布,低值地震沿断裂带分布,对应地震的高频度、高强度阶段,表明该地震序列是在波速比低值异常状态下发生;处于序列后半段的余震,波速比则呈现整体高值状态,并沿区域应力场主压应力方向分布,可能是受到震源区应力调整的影响。而整个序列波速比的平均值为1.740与该区域背景值1.730基本一致,可能反映了该区域基本处于较稳定状态,发生较大地震的可能性不大。2)主震后,波速比开始上升,几次较大余震前,均呈下降的趋势,震后开始回升。3)主震后,纵横波卓越频率比迅速下降,几次较大余震前均呈现异常低值(<1.0)的状态,之后上升的过程中发生较大余震。这些结果可为较大余震的预测提供参考。 相似文献
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共和地震前后中小地震的波谱变化 总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8
利用ＣＤＳＮ兰州台的短周期（ＳＰ）地震记录资料,对１９９０年４月２６日青海共和７．０级地震前后发生在该地区的３５个前,余震作了波谱分析工作。结果表明,主震前,共和地区小地震的纵,横波位移谱的拐角频率比值ｆｃ（Ｐ）／ｆｃ（Ｓ）为１．８左右。主震后,拐角频率比下降到１．３左右,１９９５年以后,拐角频率比值又上升到１．５左右,拐角频率比值有可能成为监测孕震区内应力状态变化的测振学指标。 相似文献
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2008年汶川地震震源区横波分裂的变化特征 总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7
对2008年汶川地震序列的横波分裂的时空变化现象进行了研究．通过在横波窗内S波质点运动图的分析,从地震余震区附近台站的近场地震记录中提取了S波分裂的快波偏振方向和快慢波之间的时间延迟．龙门山断裂附近7个台站的S波分裂的结果显示了快波偏振方向的空间分布特征,断裂带东南侧（四川盆地一侧）台站的快波偏振方向总体为北东方向,而在断裂西北侧高原内部的PWU（平武台）则为近东西方向．观测到了快慢波之间到时差的趋势性变化,靠近余震带南端的L5501台的到时差在主震后持续减小,北端PWU台的到时差比主震前明显增大．横波分裂现象主要由台站下方岩层中随应力场方向排列的微裂隙控制,结果显示了主震和余震过程中区域应力场的变化,汶川地震余震活动带南部的应力在主震和余震中得到了释放,地壳应力场在余震带北部集中,导致了PWU台在主震后介质各向异性强度的增强． 相似文献
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《中国科学:地球科学(英文版)》2014,(3)
正SCIENCE CHINA Earth Sciences,an academic journal cosponsored by the Chinese Academy of Sciences and the National Natural Science Foundation of China,and published by Science China Press and Springer,is committed to publishing high-quality,original results in both basic and applied research. 相似文献
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《国际泥沙研究》2014,(4)
正Director:Shangfu Kuang,China Vice-directors:Chunhong Hu,China Duihu Ning,China Guangquan Liu,China The International Research and Training Center on Erosion and Sedimentation(IRTCES)was jointly set up by the Government of China and UNESCO on July 21,1984.It aims at the promotion of international exchange of knowledge and cooperation in the studies of erosion and 相似文献
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Richard D. Hey 《地球表面变化过程与地形》1979,4(1):59-72
Feedback mechanisms, which operate upstream through drawdown and backwater effects and downstream through sediment discharge are responsible for channel evolution. By combining these mechanisms with channel processes it euables a dynamic process-response model to be developed to simulate the initial evolution of straight gravel-bed channels. When erosion commences on a land surface, sediment entrained in the headwater reach by hydraulic action is selectively transported, deposited and reworked. This produces a damped oscillation between degradation and aggradation as the channel and valley respond to spatial and temporal variations in sediment calibre and hydraulic conditions. The initial cut and fill phases are responsible for valley incision and floodplain development while secondary and subsequent activity can produce river terraces. Eventually sediment entrainment in the headwaters declines as slopes are reduced. Subsequent channel evolution is relatively insignificant because it is dependent on local weathering activity producing material that can be transported on declining slopes. Therefore landforms produced during the initial phase of development, when local weathering was non-limiting, dominate the landscape. 相似文献
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Based on relocating the Jiujiang-Ruichang earthquake sequence which occurred on November 26, 2005 in Jiangxi Province with the double-difference （DD） algorithm and master event technique, the paper discusses the focal mechanism of the main shock （MsS.7） and the probable seismo-tectonics. The precise relocation results indicate that the average horizontal error is 0.31kin in a EW direction and 0.40kin in a NS direction, and the average depth error is 0.48kin. The focal depths vary from 8kin to 14kin, with the predominant distribution at 10kin - 12kin. The epicenter of the main shock is relocated to be 29.69^oN, 115.74^oE and the focal depth is about 10.Skin. Combining the predominant distribution of the earthquake sequence, the focal mechanism of the main shock and the tectonic conditions of N-E- and NW-strike faults growth in the seismic region, we infer that the main shock of the earthquake sequence was caused by a NW striking buried fault in the Rnichang basin. The nature of seismic faults needs to be further explored. 相似文献
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《水文科学杂志》2013,58(6)
Abstract The western reservoirs represent the principal groundwater system in Morocco. Demographic, industrial and agricultural developments during the last decade have markedly altered groundwater quality. The Mamora coastal aquifer system is among the Atlantic systems which are most heavily threatened by pollution. Agricultural and industrial activities, and rapid urban growth contribute to the pollution of the groundwater. Contamination transport is facilitated by a high permeability of the aquifer formations. In order to assess the actual groundwater quality of the Mamora aquifer and to understand the influence of the factors generating the pollution, an extensive multidisciplinary research programme is in progress, with hydrochemistry and microbiology playing essential roles. The present paper concerns the spatial distribution of physico-chemical parameters in the groundwater, subjected to domestic, industrial and agricultural pollution. Fifty-seven samples were analysed for several parameters (Ca2+, Mg2+, Na+, K+, Cl?, SO4 2?, HCO3 ?, NO3 ?, pH, electrical conductivity and temperature). The microbiological analysis of 143 samples reveals the presence of four kinds of indicator bacteria in the groundwater resources: faecal Streptococci, faecal coliform, Escherichia coli and Clostridium. The physico-chemical results and bacteriological monitoring show that the nitrate and bacteria concentrations exceed the maximum admissible levels, notably around pumping stations in the sectors of Sidi Taibi, Sidi Ahmed Taleb and Aïn Sbaâ. Contamination is generated by uncontrolled anthropogenic activities and accentuated by the high intrinsic vulnerability of the aquifer system. Several parameters appeared to exceed admissibility standards. Measures are recommended to prevent groundwater pollution in the region. 相似文献
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K.-G. Malle 《洁净——土壤、空气、水》1992,20(4):196-204
Zinc in the Environment. In 1990 the world production of zinc ammounted to 7 Mio. metric tons. The main areas of application were: galvanization, alloys like brass and zinc metal. The content in the earth crust varies between 10–300 ppm zinc with a mean of 70 ppm. Uncontaminated surface waters contain less than 10 mg/m3 zinc. Apart from civilization air contains 1–10 ng zinc per m3. These background concentrations are exceeded by orders of magnitude in zinc deposit areas and where anthropogenic influences predominate. Accumulation can occur in sediments and sewage sludge. Molluscs and Algae also accumulate zinc. Zinc is essential for live. With normal food the zinc supply of man is just sufficient. Bioaccumulation of zinc towards man or chronic oversupply of man is not known. Zinc has no teratogenic or mutagenic effects, a suspicion on a carcinogenic effect proved wrong. In stockbreeding and plant cultivation a minimum supply of zinc is necessary. Plants are relatively less sensitive against higher soil contents of zinc. Considering the toxicological and ecotoxicological effects of zinc in the environment, the critical organismens are marine invertebratae like tubifex, daphnia, gammarus and algae. But normally only a minor part of the total zinc contest is biologically available, depending on salt content and pH of the waters. 相似文献