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上海佘山钻孔形变观测资料正常背景噪声变化特征分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
对上海佘山钻孔形变观测资料正常的背景噪声进行初步分析并定量刻画其正常信息场的变化特征。结果显示:上海佘山形变观测资料的小波变换细节部分不同尺度包含着不同的信号成分,通过研究形变观测资料小波变换各尺度信号的非震异常特征变化,可能会捕捉到与地震孕育过程有关的前兆异常信息。 相似文献
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《地震地磁观测与研究》2015,(4)
利用小波分析方法,将荣成地震台形变观测资料干扰信号从原数据分离,提取不同频率信息,得到清晰的地震前兆数据原始变化趋势。研究表明,小波分析方法对形变观测资料分析处理效果较好,可为其他数字化前兆观测资料分析提供参考依据。 相似文献
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GPS水平位移时间序列地震短期信息特征分析 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
对GPS基准站连续观测水平位移时间序列数据的时-频特征进行了分析, 为了突出局部变化的信息, 在中国大陆东部选取一组参考点进行相似变换。 利用小波分析和傅里叶分析方法对资料进行处理, 分析结果表明, 2001年11月14日昆仑山口西8.1级大地震前中国大陆西部部分测点水平位移序列出现短期变化信号。 相似文献
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针对湟源地震台钻孔应变观测数据的实际情况,并根据本台仪器所处环境,受干扰情况,运用连续小波变换、二进小波变换、离散小波变换,多分辨分析、Symlets分解与重构算法等方法,对湟源地震台钻孔应变数据进行分析研究,结果表明该方法能够有效地将数据变化、突跳和地震同震效应从原数据中突显出来,并且能够根据不同的需要突显出有用的信息,更好地为地震预报服务。 相似文献
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Alwyn Hoffman Riaan Hoogenboezem Theo van der Merwe Tonie Tollig 《Geophysical Prospecting》2002,50(4):361-371
One of the first operations in a seismic signal processing system applied to earthquake data is to distinguish between valid and invalid records. Since valid signals are characterized by a combination of their time and frequency properties, wavelets are natural candidates for describing seismic features in a compact way. This paper develops a seismic buffer pattern recognition technique, comprising wavelet-based feature extraction, feature selection based on the mutual information criterion, and neural classification based on feedforward networks. The ability of the wavelet transform to capture discriminating information from seismic data in a small number of features is compared with alternative feature reduction techniques, including statistical moments. Three different variations of the wavelet transform are used to extract features: the discrete wavelet transform, the single wavelet transform and the continuous wavelet transform. The mutual information criterion is employed to select a relatively small set of wavelets from the time–frequency grid. Firstly, it is determined whether wavelets can capture more informative data in an equal number of features compared with other features derived from raw data. Secondly, wavelet-based features are compared with features selected based on prior knowledge of class differences. Thirdly, a technique is developed to optimize wavelet features as part of the neural network training process, by using the wavelet neural network architecture. The automated classification techniques developed in this paper are shown to perform similarly to human operators trained for this function. Wavelet-based techniques are found to be useful, both for preprocessing of the raw data and for extracting features from the data. It is demonstrated that the definition of wavelet features can be optimized using the classification wavelet network architecture. 相似文献
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在简要介绍时程信号的小波分析和Hilbert-Huang变换(HHT)理论的基础上，通过地震波和其它时程信号实例，对比分析了小波变换和HHT变换结果. 比较显示:HHT变换和小波变换均能用于对非平稳的信号进行分析，并能捕捉到信号变化的主要特征；与受所选母波影响较大的小波分析不同，HHT变换得到的固有模态函数是直接从原始时程数据中分离出来的，它更能反映原始数据的固有特性；小波分析得到的谱的能量在频率范围内分布较广，而HHT变换的Hilbert谱的大部分能量都集中在一定的时间和频率范围内，能清晰地刻画信号能量随时间、频率的分布. 因此，Hilbert-Huang变换不仅是对非平稳信号进行分析的有效方法，而且也是检测时程信号局部特征的有用工具. 相似文献
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In this paper, we propose a non-local, transform domain noise suppression framework to improve the quality of seismic reflection data. The original non-local means (NLM) algorithm measures similarities in the data domain and we generalize it in the nonsubsampled contourlet transform (NSCT) domain. NSCT gives a multiscale, multiresolution and anisotropy representation of the noisy input. The redundancy information in NSCT subbands can be utilized to enhance the structures in the original seismic data. Like the wavelet transform, NSCT coefficients in each subband follow the generalized Gaussian distribution and the parameters can be estimated using appropriate techniques. These parameters are used to construct our proposed NSCT domain filtering algorithm. Applications for synthetic and real seismic data of the proposed algorithm demonstrate its effectiveness on seismic data random noise suppression. 相似文献
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In this work, we compare Fourier transform, wavelet transform, and empirical mode decomposition (EMD), and point out that EMD method decomposes complex signal into a series of component functions through curves of local mean value. Each of Intrinsic Mode Functions (IMFs — component functions) contains all the information on the original signal. Therefore, it is more suitable for the interface identification of logging sequence strata.Well logging data reflect rich geological information and belong to non-linear and non-stationary signals and EMD method can deal with non-stationary and non-linear signals very well. By selecting sensitive parameters combination that reflects the regional geological structure and lithology, the combined parameter can be decomposed through EMD method to study the correlation and the physical meaning of each intrinsic mode function. Meanwhile, it identifies the stratigraphy and cycle sequence perfectly and provides an effective signal treatment method for sequence interface. 相似文献
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随着城镇化发展的加快, 上海的地电场观测受到来自周围环境噪声的影响日益严重, 这些噪声干扰对于地震前兆异常的分析判断带来很多不确定性. 本文主要探讨通过小波变换方法来分解地电场观测原始信号, 分析环境噪声对原始观测数据的影响强度. 利用异常信号的小波模值对比分析了滤波结果, 并通过绘制极化方位图检验了该方法在实际运用中的效果. 结果表明: 数字滤波方法能很好地去除日常干扰所带来的背景噪声, 对于重构的地电场信号, 也能较好地反映其原始信号变化特征; 滤波后的自然电场异常信号保留了原始信号中主要的变化特征, 并能反映其原始变化规律; 重构的地电场信号能够突出信号中异常信号极化方位角, 使极化方位收敛有利于实际运用. 相似文献
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对于被动源地震数据,运用常规的互相关算法得到的虚拟炮记录中,不仅含有一次波反射信息,还包括了表面相关多次波.然而,通过传统的被动源数据稀疏反演一次波估计(EPSI)方法,可以求得只含有一次波,不含表面相关多次波的虚拟炮记录.本文改进了传统的被动源数据稀疏反演一次波估计问题的求解方法,将被动源稀疏反演一次波估计求解问题转化为双凸L1范数约束的最优化求解问题,避免了在传统的稀疏反演一次波估计过程中用时窗防止反演陷入局部最优化的情况.在L1范数约束最优化的求解过程中,又结合了2DCurvelet变换和小波变换,在2DCurvelet-wavelet域中,数据变得更加稀疏,从而使求得的结果更加准确,成像质量得到了改善.通过简单模型和复杂模型,验证了本文提出方法的有效性. 相似文献
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WAVELET TRANSFORM ANALYSES OF FAULTS DETECTION ON ISOSTATIC GRAVITY ANOMALIES: A CASE STUDY FROM THE QAIDAM BASIN AND ITS ADJACENT AREAS 
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下载免费PDF全文 Isostasy is used to describe a condition to which the Earth's crust and mantle tend, in the absence of disturbing forces. Eliminating the gravity effect of crust, isostatic gravity anomalies contain abundant geological structure information, which can be extracted by edge detection methods of gravity or magnetic anomalies. In order to accurately obtain the edge information, a great variety of methods, such as analytical signal amplitude, tilt angle, theta map θ, etc., have been proposed by domestic and international scholars, and many significant advances have been made in recent days. However, each method has its advantages and disadvantages. Wavelet transform is an effective method developed in recent years. It has the enhanced noise resistance and a feature of multi-scale decomposition, and can be used to identify more detailed information of edge. Here with the aim of demonstrating its effectiveness in faults detection, we established a theoretical geological model, which consists of five geological bodies. The geological bodies with different density present a fault zone and the areas on its sides, as well as two geological bodies with different geological properties. We calculated the gravity anomalies caused by this model, in addition, we added 5% Gaussian noise to the gravity anomalies for a comparative analysis to analyze the effects of wavelet transform on edge detection. Finally, we applied wavelet transform method to the decomposition of isostatic gravity anomalies, obtained 1st to 5th order wavelet transform details of the gravity anomalies, and compared with the well-studied faults in the Qaidam Basin and its adjacent areas. The results obtained by wavelet transform matched well with the known faults, the anomalies of different order denote the location of different fault zone(e.g. the Tanan Fault is nearly invisible on the original and the first order isostasy gravity anomalies map, but is well expressed on the second order isostasy gravity anomalies map; The apparent details of the 4th and 5th indicate that faults in front of the Saishiteng-Xitieshan Shan are deep faults and they are likely to distribute continuously in the deep underground). Besides, we calculated the estimated depth of isostasy gravity anomalies of different order through power spectrum analysis as well, finding that different faults extend to different depth. For example, the Danghe-Nanshan Fault and the Southern Fault in the middle Qilian Shan are 10km in depth approximately, but the faults in front of the Saishiteng-Xitieshan Shan are more than 70km in depth. In addition, we made two comparative studies, the first one is comparing the results mentioned above with the result through wavelet transform of Bouguer gravity anomalies. The second one is comparing with the results through other edge detection methods of isostatic gravity anomalies. In spite of the inconformity between anomalies and the faults to some extent, which is likely caused by the change of lithology or faults distribution in the deep underground, we finally found that:more subtle details induced from faults can be detected from isostatic gravity anomalies by using wavelet transform because of its feature of multi-scale decomposition. The wavelet transform method is proved to be more accurate and reliable(at least in the Qaidam Basin and its adjacent areas)comparing with other methods. 相似文献
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IntroductionIn1977,Sheriff(1977)provedthedetectiftglimitthatwasdefinedasminimumthicknessofthereflectionthinbedtobel/30wavelength.Applyingthesingularitydetectionprinciplewithwavelettransforminthispaper,weanalyzethereflectionseismicsignalsofthethinbed... 相似文献
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基于二维小波变换的FMI图象分割 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为了从FMI资料中定量提取参数，一个重要的步骤是从实际FMI资料中分离出反映溶孔、溶洞、裂缝的子图像。本文给出的方法，考虑图像像元邻域的特征，应用二维小波变换求出目标与背景边缘的点集，按这个边缘点集的坐标点所对应的原图像像素灰度值的平均值作为分割阈值进行图像分割。实际资料处理表明，应用这种方法可以从实际的FMI资料中准确地分割出孔洞、裂缝的子图像并且可以按深度段连续自动处理，为后续定量计算参数奠定了良好基础。 相似文献