共查询到19条相似文献，搜索用时 156 毫秒
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人工振动作为一种新形式的环境污染,被列为世界七大环境公害之一。各种形式的人工振动都涉及弹性波的产生和传播,在既有振源与保护区之间设立屏障来切断弹性波的传播路径,衰减振动能量,降低振动幅度,是目前国际上普通采用的隔振措施。屏障按几何构造可分为两类:连续屏障和非连续屏障。对国内外两类屏障的隔振理论和试验研究进行简述,得出的结论为:(1)连续屏障隔振效果好,但对于低频振源,屏障的深度需达到十几米以上(近似于R波的半波长),在软土和高地下水位地区的工程造价非常高,施工难度也非常大;(2)非连续屏障施工方便,不受深度和场地的限制,不需要进行额外的支护和维护,多排非连续屏障具有更广泛的应用前景。今后应注重和加强多排非连续屏障隔振的三维理论分析和吸振新材料的试验研究。 相似文献
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为评价轨道交通连续型隔振屏障的隔振效果,通过Abaqus有限元数值方法,对空沟、填充沟等连续型屏障的隔振效果及其影响因素进行分析。结果表明：隔振屏障前侧振动加强,屏障后侧存在较好地隔振效果,屏障参数的变化对屏障前振动加强效果的影响较小,部分屏障参数的变化对屏障后侧隔振效果存在影响;屏障的隔振性能随屏障深度的增大而增强,受屏障宽度的影响较小;橡胶板墙隔振性能较差,空沟和混凝土板墙的隔振性能较强,空沟的隔振效果强于混凝土板墙;屏障距离路基越近隔振效果越好,建议工程上应用屏障隔振时,屏障靠近路基设置。 相似文献
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为探究高速铁路两侧隔振屏障隔振效果，采用有限元与无限元边界结合的方式进行分析，研究不同连续型隔振屏障及布置形式对隔振效果的影响。通过现场试验与同尺寸、同属性有限元模型对比试验，验证有限元模型合理性。计算结果表明:不同连续型隔振屏障中，空沟隔振效果最优，空沟隔振措施适合高速列车隔振；隔振屏障宽度为0.6～2.5倍波长时，其对隔振效果的影响较小，随着宽度的改变，隔振效果变化幅度较小；隔振屏障深度为3.8～15.2倍波长时，其对隔振效果的影响较明显，随着深度的增加，隔振效果增强；屏障位置对隔振效果的影响较大，建议屏障应靠近路基布置；连续型隔振屏障对高频的隔振效果优于低频。 相似文献
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本文采用模拟试验的方法,对分层土地基中双排隔振屏障对振动波的动力响应进行了探讨,并研究了桩长与土层分界面位置关系、激振频率对其隔振效果的影响作用,得出结论:（1）屏障前振动强度远大于屏障后振动强度,并随着振源距、激振频率、桩长的增加而下降,且屏障前出现明显振动增强现象,在激振频率80 Hz时产生振动峰值,振动强度在高频时基本稳定,继续增加激振频率,振动强度并不会发生明显变化。（2）屏障后中线左右2倍桩长范围内为整个隔振区域的薄弱区,其他区域则由包络线围成一个封闭有效隔振区。（3）屏障对中频和高频有更好的隔振效果,且桩长越大有效隔振面积越大,当桩长超过土层分界面时,有效隔振面积可达到53.25%～69.78%,但此时有效隔振面积增幅由原来的14.29%下降到11.64%,增幅降低了约3%。（4）未设屏障区振动强度较小,随激振频率小范围内浮动,在激振频率为30 Hz和80 Hz时取得振动峰值,且随着屏障布置方向减小,即靠近屏障一侧振动强度较强,远离屏障一侧振动强度较弱。 相似文献
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二维地基波阻板隔振分析 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
本文采用了以薄层法层状半空间基本解答作为格林函数的边界元法,对均质弹性半空间和层状半空间中二维波阻板隔振设计进行了详细的参数分析。分析结果表明,均质弹性半空间和层状半空间内采用波阻板隔振均可取得较好的隔振效果;应保证波阻板具有合理的宽度和较小的埋深,才能得到理想的隔振效果;同时增加波阻板的厚度和模量是提高隔振效果的最有效的2种措施;此外,分层性对波阻板隔振效果也具有一定的影响。 相似文献
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为了研究轨道交通中几种典型隔振屏障的隔振效果,本文通过室外模型试验,以振动加速度级作为振动评价标准,对其做出分析并给出相应评价。结果表明:(1)土体振动主要是由中低频振动波引起的;(2)对比分析几种典型连续隔振屏障的隔振效果:空沟>地下连续墙>碎石填充沟>橡胶填充沟;综合考察几种非连续隔振屏障得出:混凝土桩的隔振效果优于隔振井;隔振效果优劣比较为:混凝土实心桩>混凝土空心桩>PVC空井>碎石填充井>橡胶填充井;(3)对于单排混凝土空心桩,空心率越大,隔振效果相对越差;空心桩内部形状的改变对隔振效果影响不大,外部形状的改变对隔振效果有一定程度影响,但效果不显著,且桩体外截面为方形时的隔振效果较圆形差。 相似文献
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针对低频Rayleigh表面波,设计了部分埋入式工字形截面周期波屏障。利用有限元方法计算了结构的频散曲线,分析了带隙的形成机理,讨论了屏障埋入土体深度和截面参数对带隙的影响,在此基础上设计了具有低频超宽衰减域的梯度及分段梯度波屏障并计算了其传输谱。结果表明:周期波屏障存在较宽带隙,板埋入深度和端部尺寸是影响带隙的关键参数,通过参数调节可实现不同频段Rayleigh波的调控。工字形变截面波屏障比等截面具有更优越的隔震性能且节省材料。梯度及分段梯度波屏障显著拓宽了衰减域的频率范围,对1.5~20 Hz范围内的Rayleigh表面波实现了全覆盖,用小尺寸控制了大波长。 相似文献
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Three-dimensional analysis of rows of piles as passive barriers for ground vibration isolation 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
This paper presents a theoretical study on the ground vibration isolation efficiency by multi-rows of piles as passive barrier in a three-dimensional context. Integral equations governing Rayleigh wave scattering are derived according to the Green's solution of Lamb problem. The integral equations are solved accurately and efficiently with an iteration technique. They are used to predict the complicated Rayleigh wave field that is generated by a number of irregular scatterers embedded in an elastic half-space solid. The method is verified with a numerical solution available in the literature for a simplified Rayleigh wave scattering problem. Passive isolation effectiveness of ground vibration with two or three rows of small piles is further studied in detail. Effects of relevant parameters on the effectiveness of vibration isolation are analyzed and presented. 相似文献
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Modelling of pile wave barriers by effective trenches and their screening effectiveness 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
The three-dimensional problem of isolation of vibration by a row of piles is studied numerically on the basis of a model replacing the row of piles by an effective trench in order to reduce the modelling complexity. The analysis is accomplished with the aid of an advanced frequency domain boundary element method, which is used for both the infilled trench and the soil medium in conjunction with a coupling procedure based on enforcement of equilibrium and compatibility at the trench–soil interface. Linear elastic or viscoelastic material behaviour is assumed for both the piles and the soil. The piles can be tubular or solid and have circular or square cross-section. The vibration source is a vertical force, harmonically varying with time, and the row of piles acts as a passive wave barrier. The effective trench model is constructed by invoking well known homogenization techniques used in the mechanics of fibre-reinforced composite materials, and its accuracy is compared against a rigorous boundary element analysis modelling each pile separately in full contact with the soil medium. On the basis of the effective trench model, the screening effectiveness of a row of piles is studied through parametric studies. 相似文献
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自由振动分析是地下结构地震动力响应分析的基础。本文利用笔者先前得到的长型地下结构的自由振动方程,研究了地基弹性参数对地下结构自由振动的影响。由分析可以看出,随着地基弹性参数值的增加,结构中波速值总的趋势是增加,但是温克尔地基参数对结构中波速的影响远大于第二地基参数的影响;地下结构振动频率总的趋势是随着温克尔地基参数k和第二地基参数gP值的增加而增加;与地基参数对地下结构中波的传播速度的影响不同,k和gP对地下结构振动频率的影响是同阶的,因此不能忽略gP对地下结构自由振动的影响。 相似文献
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Erkan Çelebi Seyhan Fırat Günay Beyhan İlyas Çankaya İsa Vural Osman Kırtel 《Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering》2009
In this paper, the obtained results from the experimental studies describe the basic characteristics of wave propagation and ability of possible measures to reduce the impact of soil vibrations on structural response for both active and passive isolation cases. A series of field tests on the foundation vibrations generated by electrodynamic shaker are performed to examine the screening efficiency of open and in-filled trench barriers which are constructed for full-scale measurement. From field measurements of amplitude with and without the barrier, the amplitude reduction ratio is estimated at different points of interest. Wave propagating characteristics and frequency-dependent screening effects of the wave barriers are investigated according to various isolation material stiffnesses. The remarkable outcomes from these experimental studies can be briefly generalized as follows: backfilled trench with softer material than soil is more effective for the passive isolation than the active one. The reduction effects of wave barriers depend on the frequency of vibration source for both passive and active isolation cases. In-situ measurements confirm that vibration screening systems using open or in-filled trench barriers can be applied as a reduction measure for soil vibrations due to a moving load which is considered as stationary wave source in this problem. 相似文献
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Based on the analytical layer-element method, an analytical solution is proposed to determine the dynamic interaction between the elastic circular plate and transversely isotropic multilayered half-space. The dynamic response of the elastic circular plate is governed by the classical thin-plate theory with the assumption that the contact surface between the plate and soil is frictionless. The total stiffness matrix of the transversely isotropic multilayered half-space is acquired by assembling the analytical layer-element of each soil layer with the aid of the continuity conditions between adjacent layers. According to the displacement condition of coordination between the plate and soil, the dynamic interaction problem is reduced to that of multilayered transversely isotropic half-space subjected to axisymmetric harmonic vertical loading. Some numerical examples are given to study the vertical vibration of the plate, and the results indicate that the dynamic response of elastic circular plate depends strongly on the material properties of the soils, the rigidity of the plate, the frequency of excitation and the external load form. 相似文献
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Periodic pile barriers exhibit unique dynamic property, i.e., the frequency attenuation zones. When wave frequencies fall in the attenuation zones, the amplitude of the elastic waves could be reduced by the periodic pile barriers. In the present paper, out-of-plane waves propagating in two-dimensional periodic pile barriers are investigated. A novel numerical approach based on the weak form quadrature element method (WFQEM) is developed to study the effect of initial stress on the attenuation zones of the pile barriers. The proposed method is verified to be with significant advantages in both accuracy and convergence with regard to the lumped-mass method (LMM) in particular cases. The theoretical results show that the initial stress significantly alters the position and width of the attenuation zones, however, it does not affect the maximum attenuation coefficient. In addition, elastic waves propagating in periodic pile barriers with finite number of unit cells is simulated at the end of this paper. The results obtained in the present paper are very useful for the design and application of periodic pile barriers in ambient vibration reduction. 相似文献
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打桩引起的地面振动的研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为了对打桩引起的地面振动进行研究,应用一维应力波理论建立了粘弹性成层土中等截面弹性桩的力学模型,得到了桩中任意一点处位移的半解析解。利用桩与土的相互作用将桩对土的作用力简化到各土层面上。在复阻尼理论和纳维方程的基础上,利用分层法得到了任意荷载作用下土的位移、速度和加速度的解。从而得到了打桩引起的地面振动的衰减特性。通过实测结果和计算结果的比较说明了该方法的可行性。 相似文献
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动力机器运行和车辆行驶等会产生振动污染,危及邻近建筑物安全和干扰精密仪器设备正常运行等。这些振动污染可通过在地基中设置空沟的方式来降低或消除。针对饱和地基上明置动力机器基础的环境振动影响及空沟近场隔振问题,进行了饱和地基上空沟近场隔振的现场试验,并对试验结果进行了无量纲化分析;基于饱和土半解析边界元法,分别推导了动力机器基础环境振动影响和空沟近场隔振的边界元方程;在此基础上,详细研究了空沟对动力机器基础振动影响的隔振效果,分析了空沟深度、宽度和距振源距离对其隔振效果的影响。结果表明:空沟能够有效的降低动力机器基础的环境振动影响;空沟宽度对其隔振效果影响相对较小,而空沟深度对其隔振效果影响较大,为获得较好的隔振效果,空沟深度建议取1倍Rayleigh波波长;空沟距振源距离对其隔振效果也有较大影响,距离越远则隔振效果也越好,当被保护建筑距振源较远时,建议空沟在被保护建筑附近设置。此外,在某些特殊情况下,空沟隔振系统会由于共振现象而出现隔振效果劣化的现象,在工程设计中应予以注意。 相似文献