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氮及氮磷比对附着藻类及浮游藻类的影响 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
2005年5月至11月,在河北省YH水库选取5个具有代表性的样点,进行了微囊藻毒素-LR的调查,同时,测定了相应各样点的TN,TP,NH4-N,NO3-N和PO4-P.结果显示,水库中微囊藻毒素-LR(MC-LR)随季节发生变化,其中,7-10月期间相对较高,且大部分超过了生活饮用水地表水标准限值(1 μg/L);MC-LR与水体中的N、P之间的相互关系表明,5-7月期间,水库MC-LR与TP呈正相关,与NH4-N和TN/TP呈负相关;8-9月期间,水库中TP逐渐降低,但其它降低速率低于TN,造成TN/TP明显降低,MC-LR与TP和TN/TP呈正相关,与NH4-N呈负相关;10-11月期间,大量藻细胞死亡,释放到水体中MC-LR也逐渐下降,这时,大量外源营养盐也进入水库,造成微囊藻毒素-LR的变化与TN、NH4-N、NO3-N呈显著或极显著负相关.这说明在不同季节下,微囊藻毒素-LR与营养盐的关系不同,必须视实际情况而定. 相似文献
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Weijie SUN Ryan MDEWEY Sae AIZAWA Jia HUANG James A.SLAVIN Suiyan FU Yong WEI Charles F.BOWERS 《中国科学:地球科学(英文版)》2022,65(1):25-74
This review paper summarizes the research of Mercury’s magnetosphere in the Post-MESSENGER era and compares its dynamics to those in other planetary magnetospheres,especially to those in Earth’s magnetosphere.This review starts by introducing the planet Mercury,including its interplanetary environment,magnetosphere,exosphere,and conducting core.The frequent and intense magnetic reconnection on the dayside magnetopause,which is represented by the flux transfer event"shower",is reviewed on how they depend on magnetosheath plasma β and magnetic shear angle across the magnetopause,followed by how it contributes to the flux circulation and magnetosphere-surface-exosphere coupling.In the next,Mercury’s magnetosphere under extreme solar events,including the core induction and the reconnection erosion on the dayside magnetosphere,as well as the responses of the nightside magnetosphere,are reviewed.Then,the dawn-dusk properties of the plasma sheet,including the features of the ions,the structure of the current sheet,and the dynamics of magnetic reconnection,are summarized.The last topic is devoted to the particle energization in Mercury’s magnetosphere,which includes the energization of the Kelvin-Helmholtz waves on the magnetopause boundaries,reconnection-generated magnetic structures,and the cross-tail electric field.In each chapter,the last section discusses the open questions related to each topic,which can be considered by the simulations and the future spacecraft mission.We end this paper by summarizing the future Bepi Colombo opportunities,which is a joint mission of ESA and JAXA and is en route to Mercury. 相似文献
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Fu Huishan Grigorenko Elena E. Gabrielse Christine Liu Chengming Lu San Hwang K. J. Zhou Xuzhi Wang Zhe Chen Fang 《中国科学:地球科学(英文版)》2020,63(2):235-256
In this paper, the particle acceleration processes around magnetotail dipolarization fronts(DFs) were reviewed. We summarize the spacecraft observations(including Cluster, THEMIS, MMS) and numerical simulations(including MHD, testparticle, hybrid, LSK, PIC) of these processes. Specifically, we(1) introduce the properties of DFs at MHD scale, ion scale, and electron scale,(2) review the properties of suprathermal electrons with particular focus on the pitch-angle distributions,(3)define the particle-acceleration process and distinguish it from the particle-heating process,(4) identify the particle-acceleration process from spacecraft measurements of energy fluxes, and(5) quantify the acceleration efficiency and compare it with other processes in the magnetosphere(e.g., magnetic reconnection and radiation-belt acceleration processes). We focus on both the acceleration of electrons and ions(including light ions and heavy ions). Regarding electron acceleration, we introduce Fermi,betatron, and non-adiabatic acceleration mechanisms;regarding ion acceleration, we present Fermi, betatron, reflection, resonance, and non-adiabatic acceleration mechanisms. We also discuss the unsolved problems and open questions relevant to this topic, and suggest directions for future studies. 相似文献
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吴子书,笔名"子书",字"虞心",号"双辑堂主人",别称"清心夫子"。吴子书自幼善书好写,研习书帖、碑刻、篆印。十七岁时正式学习书法,凭其天资聪慧,博众家之长,耕耘于执白守黑之间,挥洒于真草隶篆之中。吴子书的书法,绝名超美,灵姿秀俊。章法有制,狂中不燥。其超然之气度,天地合一之魂韵,令众人瞠目。欧阳先生说:大开大合者有,而当 相似文献
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正北京时间2013年4月20日8时02分,在四川,在雅安,在芦山,本来应该是一个有美好开始的早晨,也应该是一个安静的早晨,然而不应该动的却动了,天降灾难地动山摇,不应该毁的也毁了。一场灾难突然袭击,来不及逃脱,老天爷又跟四川开了个玩笑。雅安,不久的将来,你的世界,仍会春暖花开。8时02分四川省雅安市芦山县发生7.0级地震。震源深度13公里。截至4月27日8时,地震遇难人数升至 相似文献
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Partitioning behavior between amphibole and silicate glass of thirty-three minor and trace elements(Sc,Ti, V, Cr, Co, Rb, Sr, P, Y, Zr, Nb, Cs, Ba, K, La, Ce, Pr,Nd, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, Lu, Hf, Ta, Pb,Th, and U) have been determined experimentally. Products of crystallization of hydrous basalt melts from 0.6 GPa/860 °C up to 2.6 GPa/970 °C were obtained in a multianvil apparatus. Major and trace element compositions of amphibole and glass were determined with a combination of electron microprobe and laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. The main mineral phase is calcic amphibole, and the coexisting glass compositions are tonalite, granodiorite, and granite. The compatibility of rare earth elements increase at 915 °C and then decrease at 970 °C, but the compatibility of most of these elements shows a continued, significant increase with increasing pressure. For high-field strength elements, large ion lithophile elements, actinide compatibility decrease with increasing temperature or pressure, but transition metals show a continued increase in compatibility within the temperature–pressure conditions. From mathematical and graphical fitting, we determined best-fit values for the ideal ionic radius(r_0, 1.01–1.04 ?), the strain-free partitioncoefficient(D_0, 1.18–1.58), and apparent Young's modulus(E, 142–370 GPa) for the M4 site in amphibole according to the lattice strain model. The D_0M4 for rare earth elements rises at 915 °C and then drops at 970 °C at 0.6 GPa.However, the D_0M4 values are positively proportional to the pressure for rare earth elements in the amphibole-glass pairs at 0.6–2.6 GPa and 970 °C. Furthermore, the derived best-fit values for r_0M4 and EM4 are almost constant and trend to increase with rising temperature and pressure,respectively. The partition coefficient is distinctly different for different melt compositions. The rare earth elements become more enriched in amphibole if the quenched glass is granodiorite or granite compared to the tonalitic glasses. 相似文献
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刘后旺,字雁宾、号了然堂主、半无散人。1960年出生于浙江温州雁荡山,现居杭州。国家一级美术师,中国黄宾虹学术研究会会员、中国美院张伟平（仁量）教授工作室助教,其山水画作品多次参加全国美展并获奖。书画,人之意念融于造化之物,使之外化形式,内聚神韵。若以三品论之,则下品虚笔飘忽,实笔呆滞,笔连而韵断,画形而神散;中品虚笔不飘,实笔不呆,笔断而韵连,画白而神现;上品者,虚笔云中隐山,实笔山中飘雪,笔散而神聚,画聚而意散。是故,下品如草木,生于春死于秋,三季之作;中品如树木,百载春秋,一世之作也;上品如山水,度千秋历万代,永世之作也。 相似文献
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2013年7月2日,我们从美国拉斯维加斯出发,自驾车经过犹他州,来到位于亚利桑那州的小镇——佩吉。当天傍晚,夕阳西下,我们来到佩吉镇附近的包伟湖观景。包伟湖位于美国号称大峡谷州的亚利桑那州,是北美洲最大的人工湖之一,湖岸线超过3000公里,湖区内足足有96个峡谷。 相似文献
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锅,众所周知,是一种厨具。曰常家中用的锅多由铁、铜、铝合金和不锈钢等材质制造。除了这些还有一类,那便是石锅,这里说的石锅是由纯石头制成的锅,不包括通过石料烧制而成的砂锅。早在石器时代,古人类就幵始以石为锅,除了石制锅,其他容器、炊具、汤勺也都就地取材。当时的人类外出狩猎时,只需带上一包盐巴,利用简单食材,就能煮出一锅美味的料理。 相似文献
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太湖沉积物理化性质及营养盐的时空变化 总被引：10，自引：3，他引：7
在不同季节,采集太湖梅梁湾和贡湖湾沉积物柱状样,研究沉积物Eh、pH、总氮、总磷以及有机质四季垂向剖面分布变化特征.研究结果表明,在表层下(0-3 cm),Eh随沉积物深度的增加迅速下降,很快进入还原状态.沉积物剖面上pH变化幅度不大,在6.4-7.8之间,冬季沉积物pH均有所降低.太湖沉积物中含有丰富的营养盐,总氮和总磷最高浓度分别为2.68和0.864 mg/g,其剖面分布特征表明,沉积物表层总氮和总磷含量远高于底层,其含量随深度增加而降低,但四季变化趋势不明显.沉积物中有机质含量在10 cm以上变化幅度较大,随着沉积物深度的增加,有机质含量明显减少,季节变化幅度不大.比较不同采样点发现,位于梅梁湾生态系统试验区内的S1位点沉积物氮磷内源负荷最大. 相似文献
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传统能源的日渐枯竭,势必推动新能源的开发利用,而作为新替代能源的页岩气,它的有效开发,既能增加天然气的供给,缓解天然气的供需矛盾,又以其开采周期长和生产寿命长的优点,成为新时期绿色能源的"宠儿"。所谓页岩气,是指赋存于富有机质泥页岩及其夹层中,以吸附或游离 相似文献
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