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1.
利用甘肃和青海两省固定宽频带地震台记录的远震波形资料,挑选高质量SKS震相,联合使用最小切向能量方法和旋转互相关方法获得230对高信噪比分裂参数;同时对接收函数中Pms震相随方位角的变化进行拟合,得到了24个台站的地壳各向异性分裂参数.整个区域SKS分裂快波方向均值为123°,Pms分裂快波方向均值为132°,且大部分区域SKS、Pms快波方向与地表构造走向相一致,说明青藏高原东北缘以岩石圈垂直连贯变形为主,地壳上地幔相互耦合.SKS、Pms分裂时差均值分别为1.0s和0.6s,显示地壳各向异性对于SKS分裂时差有较大贡献.昆仑断裂附近Pms、SKS分裂快波方向与昆仑断裂走向基本一致,说明昆仑断裂可能是岩石圈尺度深大断裂;而阿尔金断裂东缘二者快波方向显著差异意味着阿尔金断裂在东缘可能仅为地壳尺度的断裂. 相似文献
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Seismic anisotropy of upper mantle in eastern China 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
Based on the polarization analysis of teleseismic SKS waveform data recorded at 65 seismic stations which respectively involved
in the permanent and temporary broadband seismograph networks deployed in eastern China, the SKS fast-wave direction and the
delay time between the fast and slow shear waves at each station were determined by use of SC method and the stacking analysis
method, and then the image of upper mantle anisotropy in eastern China was acquired. In the study region, from south to north,
the fast-wave polarization directions are basically EW in South China, gradually clockwise rotate to NWW-SEE in North China,
then to NW-SE in Northeast China. The delay time falls into the interval [0.41 s, 1.52 s]. Anisotropic characteristics in
eastern China indicate that the upper mantle anisotropy is possibly caused by both the collision between the Indian and Eurasian
Plates and the subduction from the Pacific and Philippine Sea Plates to the Eurasian Plate. The collision between two plates
made the crust of western China thickening and uplifting and the material eastwards extruding, and then caused the upper mantle
flow eastwards and southeastwards. The subduction of Pacific Plate and Philippine Sea Plate has resulted in the lithosphere
and the asthenosphere deformation in eastern China, and made the alignment of upper mantle peridotite lattice parallel to
the deformation direction. The fast-wave polarization direction is consistent with the direction of lithosphere extension
and the GPS velocity direction, implying that the crust-upper mantle deformation is possibly a vertically coherent deformation.
Supported by Special Project for the Fundamental R & D of Institute of Geophysics, China Earthquake Administration (Grant
No. DQJB06B06), Special Program of the Ministry of Science and Technology of China (Grant No. 2006FY110100), China Digital
Earthquake Observation Network Project “North China Seismic Array”, and National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant
Nos. 40334041 and 40774037) 相似文献
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基于青藏高原东北缘甘肃区域台网41个宽频带地震台站的远震记录资料,通过PKS、SKS和SKKS震相的剪切波分裂分析,获取了台站下方介质的各向异性分裂参数,得到该地区上地幔各向异性分布图像,并结合GPS速度场和地壳剪切波各向异性分析青藏高原东北缘各向异性形成机制及壳幔各向异性特征.分析结果认为,在阿尔金断裂带西侧,各向异性快波偏振呈NWW-SEE方向,与断裂带走向有一定夹角,与塔里木盆地向柴达木盆地俯冲方向一致,说明该地区上地幔物质变形主要受古构造运动的影响,属于"化石"各向异性.在祁连山-河西走廊构造区,XKS快波偏振呈NW-SE方向,一致性较好,与区域断层走向方向相同;由区域小震的地壳剪切波分裂分析得到的地壳剪切波快波偏振在该区域呈NE-SW方向,与相对于稳定欧亚大陆GPS运动速率一致,地壳和地幔快波偏振方向的差异表明壳幔变形可能有不同的形变机制.在陇中盆地及其周缘,由于处于活跃青藏地块与稳定鄂尔多斯地块之间的过渡带,相对于其他区域具有更加复杂的构造背景,地壳快波偏振和地幔快波偏振总体上呈NWW-SEE方向,说明壳幔变形机制可能相同;但不同台站结果之间存在一定离散性,推测是由于受局部构造特征差异性造成. 相似文献
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SKS波分裂测量是研究大陆地幔的形变特征、探索大陆动力学和演化过程的重要工具. 本文对中国大陆及邻区地震台站的SKS波分裂现象进行了研究. 选用中国数字化宽频带地震台网(CB台网)和美国IRIS数据中心提供的三分量宽频带数字化地震资料，使用SC(Silver and Chan,1991)方法，得到了中国大陆及周边地区80多个台站下方上地幔各向异性参数，即快波偏振方向φ和快慢波到时差δt. 快波偏振方位在相同地块有一定的优势排列方向，大多数台站快波偏振方向都能与过去或现今大规模的构造运动得到很好的符合. 整个研究区域所得到的分裂延迟时间在0.4～2.4s之间，平均为1.2s. 根据SKS波测量得到的分裂参数，分析了该研究区域各向异性介质的特性，从而探索与岩石弹性各向异性相关的地球内部动力学过程. 相似文献
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Azimuthal anisotropy in lithosphere on the Chinese mainland from observations of SKS at CDSN 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
Ａｚｉｍｕｔｈａｌ ａｎｉｓｏｔｒｏｐｙ ｉｎ ｌｉｔｈｏｓｐｈｅｒｅ ｏｎ ｔｈｅ Ｃｈｉｎｅｓｅ ｍａｉｎｌａｎｄ ｆｒｏｍ ｏｂｓｅｒｖａｔｉｏｎｓ ｏｆ ＳＫＳ ａｔ ＣＤＳＮ（郑斯华）（高原）Ａｚｉｍｕｔｈａｌａｎｉｓｏｔｒｏｐｙｉｎｌｉｔ... 相似文献
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１９９１年７月－１９９２年６月，中、美两国合作在青藏高原架设了１１个宽频带数字记录的ＰＡＳＳＣＡＬ临时地震台站，它们分布在青藏公路沿线和青藏高原东部地区．利用这些台站记录到的高质量数据，对远震的ＳＫＳ波进行分析和计算，在多数台站观测到了ＳＫＳ波分裂的现象．用ＳＣ方法计算了青藏高原所记录到的ＳＫＳ波分裂的参量，即快波偏振方向φ和快、慢波的到时差δｔ，探求台站下地幔介质的各向异性．φ从南（拉萨）往北（至格尔木）有一趋势变化，从南边的北东方向渐变至北边的近东西方向．快、慢波的到时差在高原上向北渐渐变大，在不冻泉达到最大；再往北至格尔木又迅速减小．认为在印度板块和欧亚大陆的碰撞挤压下，雅鲁藏布江以北青藏高原下面的上地幔物质在区域构造应力场的作用下，沿东西方向发生形变以至流动，它使上地幔中橄榄岩的晶格排列方向平行于物质形变或流动的方向． 相似文献
8.
Based on the polarization analysis of teleseismic SKS waveform data recorded at 49 seismic stations in Capital Area Seismograph Network,the SKS fast-wave direction and the delay time between the fast and slow shear waves at each station were determined by using the grid searching method of minimum transverse energy and the stacking analysis method,and then we acquired the image of upper mantle anisotropy in Capital area.In the study area,the fast-wave polarization direction is basically WNW-ESE,and the delay time falls into the interval from 0.56 s to 1.56 s.The results imply that the upper mantle anisotropy in Capital area is mainly caused by the subduc-tion of the Pacific plate to Eurasian plate.The subduction has resulted in the asthenospheric material deformation in Capital area,and made the alignment of upper mantle peridotite lattice parallel to the deformation direction.And the collision between the Indian and Eurasian plates made the crust of western China thickening and uplifting and material eastwards extruding,and then caused the upper mantle flow eastwards,and made the upper mantle de-formation direction parallel to the fast-wave direction.The deformation model of the crust and upper mantle is possibly vertically coherent deformation by comparing the fast-wave polarization direction with the direction of lithospheric extension and the GPS velocity direction. 相似文献
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《中国科学:地球科学(英文版)》2015,(10)
Polarization analysis of teleseismic data has been used to determine the XKS(SKS,SKKS,and PKS)fast polarization directions and delay times between fast and slow shear waves for 59 seismic stations of both temporary and permanent broadband seismograph networks deployed in the eastern Himalayan syntaxis(EHS)and surrounding regions.The analysis employed both the grid searching method of the minimum tangential energy and stacking analysis methods to develop an image of upper mantle anisotropy in the EHS and surrounding regions using the newly obtained shear wave splitting parameters and previously published results.The fast polarization directions are oriented along a NE-SW azimuth in the EHS.However,within the surrounding regions,the fast directions show a clockwise rotation pattern around the EHS from NE-SW,to E-W,to NW-SE,and then to N-S.In the EHS and surrounding regions,the fast directions of seismic anisotropy determined using shear wave splitting analysis correlate with surficial geological features including major sutures and faults and with the surface deformation fields derived from global positioning system(GPS)data.The coincidence between structural features in the crust,surface deformation fields and mantle anisotropy suggests that the deformation in the crust and lithospheric mantle is mechanically coupled.In the EHS,the coherence between the fast directions and the NE direction of the subduction of the Indian Plate beneath the Tibetan Plateau suggests that the lithospheric deformation is caused mainly by subduction.In the regions surrounding the EHS,we speculate that a westward retreat of the Burma slab could contribute to the curved anisotropy pattern.The Tibetan Plateau is acted upon by a NE-trending force due to the subduction of the Indian Plate,and also affected by a westward drag force due to the westward retreat produced by the eastward subduction of the Burma slab.The two forces contribute to a curved lithospheric deformation that results in the alignment of the upper mantle peridotite lattice parallel to the deformation direction,and thus generates a curved pattern of fast directions around the EHS. 相似文献
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Preliminary seismic anisotropy in the upper crust of the south segment of Xiaojiang faults and its tectonic implications 
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下载免费PDF全文 The Xiaojiang faults,striking north-to-south(NS),and the Honghe faults,striking north-to-west(NW),are first-order block boundaries that intersect to form a concentrated stress zone at an acute angle in the southern part of the Sichuan-Yunnan rhombic block(SYB).It is also a crucial zone for material escaping from the Tibetan Plateau(TP)due to the collision between the Indian Plate and the Eurasian Plate.In December 2017,the Institute of Earthquake Forecasting of the China Earthquake Administration(CEA)deployed a linear temporary seismic broadband array,the Honghe-Xiaojiang temporary Seismic Array(HX Array),across first-order block boundaries in the southern SYB.By using the waveform data of small earthquakes recorded by stations in the HX Array across Xiaojiang faults from 2017 to 2019,and by permanent seismic stations of the China National Earthquake Networks from 2012 to 2019,this paper adopts the systematic analysis method of shear-wave splitting(SWS),SAM method,to obtain preliminary results for seismic anisotropy in the upper crust.The study area can be divided into two subzones according to the spatial distribution of the directions of polarization of the fast shear-wave(PFS)at the stations:the northern zone(zone A,where the HX Array is located)and the southern zone(zone B,to the south of the HX Array).The results show that the directions of the PFS at stations in zone A were highly consistent,dominant in the NE direction,correlated with the in-situ principal compressive stress,and were seemingly unaffected by the Xiaojiang faults.The directions of the PFS as recorded at stations in zone B were more complicated,and were dominant in the NS direction parallel to that of the regional principal compressive stress.This suggests the joint influence of complex tectonics and regional stress in this narrow wedge area.By referring to the azimuthal anisotropy derived from seismic ambient noise in the southeast margin of the TP,the NS direction of the PFS in the middle and lower crust,and its EW direction in the upper mantle,this paper concludes that azimuthal anisotropy in the upper crust differed from that in the lower crust in the south segment of Xiaojiang faults,at least beneath the observation area,and azimuthal anisotropy in the crust was different from that in the upper mantle.The results support the pattern of deformation of ductile flow in the lower crust,and the decoupling between the upper and lower crusts as well as that between the crust and the mantle in the study area.The crustal directions of the PFS appeared to be independent of the Xiaojiang faults,suggesting that the influence of the South China block on the SYB passed through the Xiaojiang faults to the Yimen region.The results of this study indicate that anisotropic studies based on data on the dense temporary seismic array can yield clearer tectonic information,and reveal the complex spatial distribution of stress and deformation in the upper crust of the south segment of Xiaojiang faults. 相似文献
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利用青藏高原东北缘区域数字地震台网43个台站的远震SKS波形资料,采用最小能量法和旋转相关法得到台站下方上地幔介质各向异性的分裂参数:快波偏振方向(φ)和快慢波时间延迟(δt)。研究结果表明:在塔里木盆地东南缘区域,各向异性快波方向与该区域的断裂走向存在明显的夹角,该盆地向柴达木盆地的俯冲方向一致,各向异性归因为古构造运动遗留下的"化石各向异性",且由于壳幔物质的拆沉作用,推测该区域壳幔之间存在解耦作用;在祁连—河西走廊区,SKS快波偏振方向呈NW-SE,与主要断裂带的走向一致;在西秦岭北缘断裂带附近,观测到快慢波时间延迟有着较大的变化,可能是岩石圈变形和软流圈物质流动共同导致;在鄂尔多斯板块内,快波方向呈NW-SE方向,可能暗示青藏高原深部物质分叉绕流运动。青藏高原东北缘不同区域台站下方的各向异性均具有差异性,进一步证实了青藏高原东北缘地区构造变形的复杂性。 相似文献
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Seismic anisotropy of upper mantle in eastern Tibetan Plateau and related crust-mantle coupling pattern 总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8
Wang ChunYong Chang LiJun Lü ZhiYong Qin JiaZheng Su Wei Paul Silver Lucy Flesch 《中国科学D辑(英文版)》2007,50(8):1150-1160
By using the polarization analysis of teleseismic SKS waveform data recorded at 116 seismic stations which respectively involved in China National Digital Seismograph Network, and Yunnan, Sichuan, Gansu and Qinghai regional digital networks, and portable broadband seismic networks deployed in Sichuan, Yunnan and Tibet, we obtained the SKS fast-wave direction and the delay time between fast and slow waves of each station by use of the stacking analysis method, and finally acquired the fine image of upper mantle anisotropy in the eastern Tibetan Plateau and its adjacent regions. We analyzed the crust-mantle coupling deformation on the basis of combining the GPS observation results and the upper mantle anisotropy distribution in the study area. The Yunnan region out of the plateau has dif-ferent features of crust-mantle deformation from the inside plateau. There exists a lateral transitional zone of crust-mantle coupling in the eastern edge of the Tibetan Plateau, which is located in the region between 26° and 27°N in the west of Sichuan and Yunnan. To the south of transitional zone, the fast-wave direction is gradually turned from S60°―70°E in southwestern Yunnan to near EW in south-eastern Yunnan. To the north of transitional zone in northwestern Yunnan and the south of western Sichuan, the fast-wave direction is nearly NS. From crust to upper mantle, the geophysical parameters (e.g. the crustal thickness, the Bouguer gravity anomaly, and tectonic stress direction) show the feature of lateral variation in the transitional zone, although the fault trend on the ground surface is inconsis-tent with the fast-wave direction. This transitional zone is close by the eastern Himalayan syntaxis, and it may play an important role in the plate boundary dynamics. 相似文献
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Azimuthal anisotropy of Rayleigh waves beneath the Tibetan Plateau and adjacent areas 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
The crustal and upper mantle azimuthal anisotropy of the Tibetan Plateau and adjacent areas was studied by Rayleigh wave tomography. We collected sufficient broadband digital seismograms trav-ersing the Tibetan Plateau and adjacent areas from available stations, including especially some data from the temporary stations newly deployed in Yunnan, eastern Tibet, and western Sichuan. They made an adequate path coverage in most regions to achieve a reasonable resolution for the inversion. The model resolution tests show that the anisotropic features of scope greater than 400 km and strength greater than 2% are reliable. The azimuthal anisotropy pattern inside the Tibetan Plateau was similar to the characteristic of tectonic partition. The crustal anisotropy strength is greater than 2% in most re-gions of East Tibet, and the anisotropy shows clockwise rotation surrounding the eastern Himalayan syntaxis. Vertically, the anisotropy direction indicates a coherent pattern within the upper crust, lower crust, and lithosphere mantle of the Tibetan Plateau, which also is consistent with GPS velocity field and SKS fast polarization directions. The result supports that the crust-mantle deformation beneath the Tibetan Plateau is vertically coherent. The anisotropy strength of crust and lithospheric upper mantle in Yunnan outside the Tibetan Plateau is lower than 2%, so SKS splitting from core-mantle boundary to station should largely be attributed to the anisotropy of asthenosphere. 相似文献
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对布设在南北构造带北段的中国地震科学探测台阵项目二期674个宽频带流动台站和鄂尔多斯台阵21个宽频带流动台站记录的远震XKS(SKS、SKKS和PKS)波形资料作偏振分析,采用最小切向能量的网格搜索法和"叠加"分析方法求得每一个台站的XKS波的快波偏振方向和快、慢波的时间延迟,并结合该区域出版的122个固定台站的分裂结果,获得了南北构造带北段上地幔各向异性图像.快波方向分布显示青藏高原东北缘、阿拉善块体和鄂尔多斯块体西缘的快波方向主要表现为NW—SE方向,秦岭造山带的快波方向为近E—W方向,鄂尔多斯块体内部的快波方向在北部为近N—S方向,南部表现为近E—W方向.时间延迟分布来看,鄂尔多斯块体的时间延迟不仅明显小于其周缘地区,而且小于其他构造单元,特别是在高原东北缘、阿拉善块体和鄂尔多斯块体的交汇地区的时间延迟很大,反映了构造稳定单元的时间延迟小于构造活跃单元.通过比较快波方向的横波分裂测量值与地表变形场模拟的预测值,并结合研究区地质构造和岩石圈结构特征分析表明,在青藏高原东北缘、阿拉善块体和鄂尔多斯块体西缘各向异性主要由岩石圈变形引起,地表变形与地幔变形一致,地壳耦合于地幔,是一种垂直连贯变形模式;秦岭造山带的各向异性不仅来自于岩石圈,而且其岩石圈板块驱动的软流圈地幔流作用不可忽视;鄂尔多斯块体内部深浅变形不一致,具有弱的各向异性、厚的岩石圈和构造稳定的特征,我们认为其各向异性可能保留了古老克拉通的"化石"各向异性. 相似文献
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通过分析位于青藏高原东北缘的区域数字地震台网30个台站的远震SKS波形资料,采用最小切向能量的网格搜索法和叠加分析方法求得每一个台站的SKS快波偏振方向和快、慢波的时间延迟,获得了青藏高原东北缘上地幔各向异性图像.从得到结果看,青藏高原东北缘的各向异性快波方向基本上呈NW-SE方向,并有一顺时针旋转趋势,快、慢波时间延迟是0.70～1.51 s.青藏高原东北缘的SKS快波偏振方向与区域内主要构造断裂走向基本一致;各向异性快波偏振方向变化与区域内最小平均主压应力方向变化相似,也与由GPS测量得到的速度场方向变化相似.研究表明青藏高原东北缘上地幔物质在区域构造应力场的作用下,发生了顺时针旋转的形变以至流动,使得上地幔中橄榄岩的晶格排列方向平行于物质形变或流动方向,上地幔变形和上覆地壳变形可能存在垂直连贯变形特征. 相似文献
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利用莫霍面Ps震相研究中国东北地区地壳各向异性 总被引：4，自引：1，他引：3
利用中国东北地区布设的65套宽频带数字地震仪2009年6月—2011年6月记录的远震事件, 用时间域最大熵谱反褶积方法提取接收函数, 并用改进的剪切波分裂分析方法对该区地壳介质各向异性参数进行研究, 获得了该区地壳介质各向异性图像. 结果表明, 该区地壳介质各向异性快波偏振方向大致为北西向, 快慢波时间延迟在0.15—0.3 s之间; 但有7个台站下方地壳各向异性快波方向表现为北东向, 可能与当地复杂构造有关. 该区地壳各向异性快波偏振方向与主压应力场方向近乎垂直, 与板块移动方向基本一致, 与SKS/SKKS各向异性快波方向也基本一致. 推断本研究区地壳介质各向异性反映了该区的主张应力方向, 且主要各向异性来源于中下地壳, 暗示了壳-幔垂直变形的一致性. 相似文献
19.
—SKS phases observed at broadband stations in Germany show significant shear-wave splitting. We have analyzed SKS and SKKS phases for shear-wave splitting from 13 stations of the German Regional Seismic Network (GRSN), from 3 three-component stations of the Gräfenberg array (GRF) and from one Austrian station (SQTA). The data reveal strong differences in the splitting parameters (fast direction φ and delay time δt from a single event at various stations as well as variations at the individual stations for events with different backazimuths. The backazimuthal variations of the splitting parameters at some stations can be explained by two-layer anisotropy models with horizontal symmetry axes. The best resolved two-layer model is the GRA1 model (upper layer φ = 40°, δt = 1.15s; lower layer φ = 115°, δt = 1.95s). The upper layer can be attributed to the lithosphere. Because of the magnitude of the delay time of the upper layer, the lower layer must lie within the asthenosphere. At other stations splitting parameters are consistent with an anisotropic one-layer model for the upper mantle. Stations near the Bohemian Massif show fast directions near EW. Throughout NE Germany the directions are oriented NW/SE. The reason for this direction is probably the nearby Tornquist-Teisseyre line. The observed fast axes are subparallel to this prominent Transeuropean suture zone. At stations in southern Germany near the Alps we observed ENE/WSW directions. Below some stations we also found indications of inclined anisotropic layers. 相似文献
20.
本文利用天山及其邻区布设的37个宽频带地震台站记录到的远震波形数据,分别采用最小能量法和旋转相关法对SKS和SKKS波震相进行了偏振分析,计算出了台站下方介质的S波分裂参数：快波的偏振方向（φ）和慢波延迟时间（δt）.本文研究结果表明：中天山内部大多数台站的各向异性快波方向呈NEE-SWW向,与天山走向平行,慢波时间延迟为0.4～1.7 s,这是塔里木、哈萨克斯坦的南北双向俯冲及其导致的天山地区岩石圈地幔南北向缩短变形的直接反映.本文研究发现中天山北部部分台站下方地震各向异性快波方向与慢波延时随方位角呈现规律性的变化,可能暗示该区上地幔各向异性不能仅用单层水平各向异性这一简单模式来解释.75°E以西的天山地区台站下方S波快波方向和延时具有强烈的横向变化,可能与研究区下方存在的小规模对流有关.中天山不同地段地震台站下方各向异性明显不同,进一步证实了天山地区构造变形的复杂性. 相似文献