共查询到19条相似文献，搜索用时 156 毫秒
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选择合理的持时衰减关系,利用Monte-Carlo方法,抽取持时样本,根据震级M、震中距R和局部场地土壤条件S以及持时样本,选择符合条件的实际地震波记录,并进行合理的调值,对一座钢筋混凝土桥墩进行了非线性动力时程分析.对比强地面运动持时与能量需求参数和累积破坏参数的相关性,发现:幅值、频谱和持时对能量需求参数和累积破坏参数的影响是强烈耦合的,且强地面运动持时对两者的影响比较显著;在选择结构第一模态周期谱加速度和合理的能量需求参数,并分别作为地面运动强度参数IM和EDP建立概率地震需求模型时,要考虑持时的影响. 相似文献
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最大峰值加速度与有效峰值加速度的大小比例关系及影响因素探讨 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
分别以最大峰值加速度(以下简称PGA)和有效峰值加速度(以下简称EPA)为参数,对金沙江流域上12个工程场点进行了地震危险性分析,得到了各个场点在不同的年超越概率下的基岩PGA和EPA值。通过对PGA、EPA值比较分析认为:PGA与EPA值的大小比例关系主要受年超越概率大小的影响,当年超越概率较大时,表现为PGA>EPA;当年超越概率较小时,PGA与EPA的比例关系还与场点周围的潜源分布形式及潜源的震级上限的大小有关,不同的年超越概率、不同的潜源分布形式和震级上限,可使PGA>EPA,也可使PGA相似文献
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研究了用峰值地面运动加速度（APG）、 峰值地面运动速度（VPG）、 峰值地面运动位移（DPG）、 谱加速度AS(T1)（在结构基阶周期的谱加速度值）和VPG / APG作为地面运动强度度量参数（IM）与双线性单自由度（SDOF）结构系统的变形需求之间的相互关系， 并用相关系数rho;表示. 通过非线性动力分析得到的结果表明， 谱加速度AS(T1)和VPG与双线性SDOF结构系统的变形需求有着很好的相关性. 因而， 进一步研究了分别以谱加速度AS(T1)和VPG作为IM时， 对3个周期（T=0.3 s、1.0 s和3.0 s）的SDOF结构系统的变形需求估计时的有效性（这里的有效性是指在给定IM下结构响应的离散性）. 相似文献
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英国核电站的抗震设计所针对的地震活动通常是以一个预测方程估算出的峰值地面加速度(PGA)值的谱形状为依据。频谱与峰值地面加速度预测方程都是1980年代推导出的。然而与该领域的科学发展水平相比,这些地震载荷的计算公式的技术基础已过时。故在本文中将探讨可替换的其他谱形状和选择方案及其相关的优点与问题,并就产生统一的危险性反应谱代替确定峰值地面加速度的固定谱形状进行讨论。 相似文献
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基于改进云图法的结构概率地震需求分析 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
概率地震需求分析是美国太平洋地震工程研究中心(Pacific Earthquake Engineering ResearchCenter,PEER)提出的新一代"性能化地震工程(Performance-Based Earthquake Engineering,PBEE)"理论框架的重要一环。传统的概率地震需求分析方法称为"云图法",这种方法针对确定性结构进行一系列地震动作用下的非线性动力分析,从而得到地震动强度参数与结构地震需求的"云图"。然而,传统的云图法只能考虑地震动的不确定性,而无法考虑结构的不确定性。为此,结合拉丁超立方体抽样技术,提出一种能综合考虑地震动不确定性和结构不确定性的改进云图法,并将传统的概率地震需求分析内容拓展为概率地震需求模型、概率地震需求易损性分析、概率地震需求危险性分析三个层次。以一榀五层三跨钢筋混凝土框架结构为例,分别采用传统云图法和改进云图法对其进行概率地震需求分析,得到了该结构的概率地震需求模型、地震需求易损性曲线和地震需求危险性曲线。分析结果表明:提出的方法可以有效地考虑地震动与结构的不确定性,避免不考虑结构的不确定性而低估结构的地震风险性。 相似文献
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基于中国地震动参数区划图、华北平原地震带和汾渭地震带地震活动性参数、华北地区地震动参数衰减关系,计算北京地区50年、70年、100年不同超越概率水准下基岩峰值加速度.并分析不同年限各超越概率水准下的峰值加速度与该年限超越概率10％的峰值加速度比值,发现各计算格点的比值普遍偏小,按照当前抗震设防标准,所考虑的地震作用偏于保守且安全. 相似文献
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陈党民 《地震工程与工程振动》2012,32(3):34-40
本文以关中四城市地震小区划工作为基础,统计分析了陕西关中地区不同超越概率水平下基岩地震动峰值加速度之间的关系及空间分布特征。针对中硬场地,统计得出了关中地区多遇地震、罕遇地震与设防地震作用的地面峰值加速度比值的均值分别为0.34和1.69。通过与现行建筑抗震设计规范进行了对比分析认为,若以关中城市地震小区划图作为抗震设防标准,按照《建筑抗震设计规范》(GB50011-2010)中有关规定对一般建筑物进行地震作用计算,所考虑的地震作用是合理、安全的。本文研究成果有助于地震小区划图的推广和应用。 相似文献
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基于主观判断和有限资料解释的概率地震危险性研究的输入(地震震源区、地震发生率、衰减函数等)都是不确定的。面对这些不确定性,我们要考虑:(a)如何“合理地”确定单值概率地震危险性图中所标示的地震运动水平;(b)计算得到的地面运动水平的不确定性在这种图上可以明确地表达到何种程度。如果单个震源区的地震发生率、古登堡-里克特公式中的b值,以及最大震级的最佳猜测估计值被看作是不相关的并且每一参数中的不确定性可以看作是关于估计值对称的,那么,使用这些最优估计计算的概率地面运动水平表达了最可能的值和近似的均值。另一方面,根据不同震源区方案计算的地面运动大小,可能集中于每一方案的不同的中心值周围,而且,根据最可能方案计算出的地面运动水平可显著不同于所有方案计算出的地面运动水平的平均。我们得出结论(因为至少在美国东部和中部对地震过程是缺乏了解的),要得到单一的危险性估计结果,假定未来地震将趋向于发生在过去已经发生过地震的地区,并且具有与过去相当的发生率是合理的(在美国西部当单条断层上存在古地震资料时,这些信息是可以结合使用的)。在有多种震源区方案的情况下,使用不同的地面运动衰减关系得到的危险性估计,彼此会显著不同。人们或许考虑采用数个衰减关系的平均,但是,这样一来技术上的问题(例如,如何平均那些采用不同距离量度的关系式,如何估计σ,等等)会使操作非常困难,而且当包含一个与其它衰减关系离散较大的衰减关系时,它对均值会产生很大的影响。为了简化和可操作起见,使用单一的、不被认为是“极值”的衰减关系似乎是合理的,并且这一做法已获得危险性分析人员的接受。 相似文献
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The influence of vertical ground motions on the seismic response of highway bridges is not very well understood. Recent studies suggest that vertical ground motions can substantially increase force and moment demands on bridge columns and girders and cannot be overlooked in seismic design of bridge structures. For an evaluation of vertical ground motion effects on the response of single‐bent two‐span highway bridges, a systematic study combining the critical engineering demand parameters (EDPs) and ground motion intensity measures (IMs) is required. Results of a parametric study examining a range of highway bridge configurations subjected to selected sets of horizontal and vertical ground motions are used to determine the structural parameters that are significantly amplified by the vertical excitations. The amplification in these parameters is modeled using simple equations that are functions of horizontal and vertical spectral accelerations at the corresponding horizontal and vertical fundamental periods of the bridge. This paper describes the derivation of seismic demand models developed for typical highway overcrossings by incorporating critical EDPs and combined effects of horizontal and vertical ground motion IMs depending on the type of the parameter and the period of the structure. These models may be used individually as risk‐based design tools to determine the probability of exceeding the critical levels of EDP for pre‐determined levels of ground shaking or may be included explicitly in probabilistic seismic risk assessments. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
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Abdoul R.Ghotbi 《地震工程与工程振动(英文版)》2015,(1):177-188
The seismic behavior of a large diameter extended pile shaft founded on a dense sandy site is investigated in this paper. First, a deterministic analysis is conducted including both nonlinear dynamic analysis(NDA) and pushover analysis to gain insights into the behavior of the pile and make sure an appropriate modeling technique is utilized. Then a probabilistic analysis is performed using the results of NDA for various demands. To this end a set of 40 pulse-like ground motions are picked and subsequently 40 nonlinear dynamic and pushover analyses are performed. The data obtained from NDA are used to generate probabilistic seismic demand model(PSDM) plots and consequently the median line and dispersion for each plot are computed. The NDA and pushover data are also plotted against each other to find out to what extent they are correlated. These operations are done for various engineering demand parameters(EDPs). A sensitivity analysis is done to pick the most appropriate intensity measure(IM) which would cause a minimum dispersion in PSDM plots out of 7 different IMs. Peak ground acceleration(PGA) is found to be the most appropriate IM. Pushover coefficient equations as a function of PGA are proposed which can be applied to the pushover analysis data to yield a better outcome with respect to the NDA. At the end, the pacific earthquake engineering research(PEER) center methodology is utilized to generate the fragility curves using the properties obtained from PSDM plots and considering various states of damage ranging from minor to severe. The extended pile shaft shows more vulnerability with a higher probability with respect to minor damage compared to severe damage. 相似文献
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Brendon A. Bradley Rajesh P. Dhakal Gregory A. MacRae Misko Cubrinovski 《地震工程与结构动力学》2010,39(5):501-520
The efficacy of various ground motion intensity measures (IMs) in the prediction of spatially distributed seismic demands (engineering demand parameters, (EDPs)) within a structure is investigated. This has direct implications to building‐specific seismic loss estimation, where the seismic demand on different components is dependent on the location of the component in the structure. Several common IMs are investigated in terms of their ability to predict the spatially distributed demands in a 10‐storey office building, which is measured in terms of maximum interstorey drift ratios and maximum floor accelerations. It is found that the ability of an IM to efficiently predict a specific EDP depends on the similarity between the frequency range of the ground motion that controls the IM and that of the EDP. An IMs predictability has a direct effect on the median response demands for ground motions scaled to a specified probability of exceedance from a ground motion hazard curve. All of the IMs investigated were found to be insufficient with respect to at least one of magnitude, source‐to‐site distance, or epsilon when predicting all peak interstorey drifts and peak floor accelerations in a 10‐storey reinforced concrete frame structure. Careful ground motion selection and/or seismic demand modification is therefore required to predict such a spatially distributed demands without significant bias. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
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Fully probabilistic seismic displacement analysis of spatially distributed slopes using spatially correlated vector intensity measures 
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下载免费PDF全文 Earthquake‐induced slope displacement is an important parameter for safety evaluation and earthquake design of slope systems. Traditional probabilistic seismic hazard analysis usually focuses on evaluating slope displacement at a particular location, and it is not suitable for spatially distributed slopes over a large region. This study proposes a computationally efficient framework for fully probabilistic seismic displacement analysis of spatially distributed slope systems using spatially correlated vector intensity measures (IMs). First, a spatial cross‐correlation model for three key ground motion IMs, that is, peak ground acceleration (PGA), Arias intensity, and peak ground velocity, is developed using 2686 ground motion recordings from 11 recent earthquakes. To reduce the computational cost, Monte Carlo simulation and data reduction techniques are utilized to generate spatially correlated random fields for the vector IMs. The slope displacement hazards over the region are further quantified using empirical predictive equations. Finally, an illustrative example is presented to highlight the importance of the spatial correlation and the advantage of using spatially correlated vector IMs in seismic hazard analysis of spatially distributed slopes. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
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Intensity measures for probabilistic assessment of non‐structural components acceleration demand 下载免费PDF全文
下载免费PDF全文 Marco De Biasio Stephane Grange Frederic Dufour Frederic Allain Ilie Petre‐Lazar 《地震工程与结构动力学》2015,44(13):2261-2280
A fundamental issue in the framework of seismic probabilistic risk analysis is the choice of ground motion intensity measures (IMs). Based on the floor response spectrum method, the present contribution focuses on the ability of IMs to predict non‐structural components (NSCs) horizontal acceleration demand. A large panel of IMs is examined and a new IM, namely equipment relative average spectral acceleration (E‐ASAR), is proposed for the purpose of NSCs acceleration demand prediction. The IMs efficiency and sufficiency comparisons are based on (i) the use of a large dataset of recorded earthquake ground motions; (ii) numerical analyses performed on three‐dimensional numerical models, representing actual structural wall and frame buildings; and (iii) systematic statistical analysis of the results. From the comparative study, the herein introduced E‐ASAR shows high efficiency with respect to the estimation of maximum floor response spectra ordinates. Such efficiency is particularly remarkable in the case of structural wall buildings. Besides, the sufficiency and the simple formulation allowing the use of existing ground motion prediction models make the E‐ASAR a promising IMs for seismic probabilistic risk assessment. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
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The uncertainty in the seismic demand of a structure (referred to as the engineering demand parameter, EDP) needs to be properly characterized in performance‐based earthquake engineering. Uncertainties in the ground motion and in structural properties are responsible for EDP uncertainty. In this study, sensitivity of EDPs to major uncertain variables is investigated using the first‐order second‐moment method for a case study building. This method is shown to be simple and efficient for estimating the sensitivity of seismic demand. The EDP uncertainty induced by each uncertain variable is used to determine which variables are most significant. Results show that the uncertainties in ground motion are more significant for global EDPs, namely peak roof acceleration and displacement, and maximum inter‐storey drift ratio, than those in structural properties. Uncertainty in the intensity measure (IM) of ground motion is the dominant variable for uncertainties in local EDPs such as the curvature demand at critical cross‐sections. Conditional sensitivity of global and local EDPs given IM is also estimated. It is observed that the combined effect of uncertainties in structural properties is more significant than uncertainty in ground motion profile at lower IM levels, while the opposite is true at higher IM levels. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
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This paper characterizes the ability of natural ground motions to induce rocking demands on rigid structures. In particular, focusing on rocking blocks of different size and slenderness subjected to a large number of historic earthquake records, the study unveils the predominant importance of the strong‐motion duration to rocking amplification (ie, peak rocking response without overturning). It proposes original dimensionless intensity measures (IMs), which capture the total duration (or total impulse accordingly) of the time intervals during which the ground motion is capable of triggering rocking motion. The results show that the proposed duration‐based IMs outperform all other examined (intensity, frequency, duration, and/or energy‐based) scalar IMs in terms of both “efficiency” and “sufficiency.” Further, the pertinent probabilistic seismic demand models offer a prediction of the peak rocking demand, which is adequately “universal” and of satisfactory accuracy. Lastly, the analysis shows that an IM that “efficiently” captures rocking amplification is not necessarily an “efficient” IM for predicting rocking overturning, which is dominated by the velocity characteristics (eg, peak velocity) of the ground motion. 相似文献
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Selection of optimal intensity measures in probabilistic seismic demand models of highway bridge portfolios 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
Probabilistic seismic demand models are a common and often essential step in generating analytical fragility curves for highway bridges. With these probabilistic models being traditionally conditioned on a single seismic intensity measure (IM), the degree of uncertainty in the models is dependent on the IM used. Selection of an optimal IM for conditioning these demand models is not a trivial matter and has been the focus of numerous studies. Unlike previous studies that consider a single structure for IM selection, this study evaluates optimal IMs for use when generating probabilistic seismic demand models for bridge portfolios such as would be found in HAZUS‐MH. Selection criteria such as efficiency, practicality, sufficiency, and hazard computability are considered in the selection process. A case study is performed considering the multi‐span simply supported steel girder bridge class. Probabilistic seismic demand models are generated considering variability in the geometric configurations and material properties, using two suites of ground motions—one synthetic and one recorded motion suite. Results show that of the 10 IMs considered, peak ground acceleration (PGA) and spectral acceleration at the fundamental period are the most optimal for the synthetic motions, and that cumulative absolute velocity is also a close contender when using recorded motions. However, when hazard computability is considered, PGA is selected as the IM of choice. Previous studies have shown that spectrally based quantities perform better than PGA for a given structure, but the findings of this study indicate that when a portfolio of bridges is considered, PGA should be used. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
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Intensity measures for response prediction of a torsional building subjected to bi-directional earthquake ground motion 总被引：4，自引：4，他引：0
Andrea Lucchini Fabrizio Mollaioli Giorgio Monti 《Bulletin of Earthquake Engineering》2011,9(5):1499-1518
In the framework of performance-based assessment of existing RC buildings, an important step is the definition of an intensity
measure (IM) of the seismic action that be accurate and efficient in correlating with the engineering demand parameters (EDP)
of interest and in reducing the variability in their prediction. Objective of this work is to assess five different IMs, when
they are applied to an in-plan irregular three-dimensional building subjected to bi-directional earthquake motion. The objective
is pursued through multiple regression of the results obtained from nonlinear dynamic analyses. The study shows that certain
IMs are more suitable to evaluate EDPs when dealing with 3D structures subjected to 2D earthquakes. 相似文献