共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
《中国科学:地球科学(英文版)》2015,(4)
The span of coordinate time series affects the determination of an optimal noise model. We analyzed position data recorded for 10 continuous Global Positioning System(GPS) sites from 1998.0 to mid-2009 on the Australian Plate to estimate the best noise model and thereafter obtain the true uncertainties of the velocity, employing the maximum likelihood estimation(MLE) method. MLE was employed to analyze the data in four ways. In the first two analyses, the noise was assumed to be a combination of flicker noise and white noise for the raw time series and spatially filtered time series. In the final two analyses, the spectral indices and amplitudes were simultaneously estimated for a power law noise plus white noise model for the raw time series and spatially filtered time series. We conclude that the noise model of GPS time series in Australia can be best described as the combination of flicker noise and white noise. Velocity uncertainties fall below ~0.2 mm/yr when the time span exceeds ~9.5 years. A comparison of noise amplitudes and maximum likelihood estimation values between the raw and spatially filtered time series suggests that traditional spatial filtering to remove common-mode errors might not be applicable to the raw time series of this region. 相似文献
2.
分析了中国地壳运动观测网络GPS基准站位置时间序列中相关噪声的特性.利用最大似然估计反演了幂指数噪声的谱指数;考察了多种噪声模型,发现除闪烁噪声之外,约50%台站的东分量中的相关噪声可用"随机漫步噪声+一阶高斯-马尔可夫噪声"模型来描述,与其它分析机构产出的全球解并不一致,显示出处理策略的不同能够造成相关噪声的差异.白噪声和闪烁噪声的大小存在明显的地理分异,东南沿海台站的噪声要大于西北内陆台站.考虑相关噪声时,各站的速率估计方差要增大一个数量级以上,水平分量多在1mm/a以内,而垂向分量则较大. 相似文献
3.
利用2010—2015年陆态网络GPS连续观测站的三维站坐标时序资料, 在采用最大似然估计MLE方法计算得到云南地区GPS基准站三维站坐标分量最优噪声模型的基础上, 进一步定量对比分析了有色噪声和白噪声模型下陆态网络GPS连续站速度场稳定性与时间序列长度的关系。 结果表明: 在闪烁噪声模型下, 中国大陆大部分地区GPS连续站1 a时段的速度不确定度大。 而随着时间的逐年累积, 闪烁噪声模型下的速度不确定度与同时段白噪声模型下的差异逐步减小, 闪烁噪声模型下3～4 a时段的速度不确定度与同时段白噪声模型的差异小于0.2 mm。 研究说明在有色噪声模型下要获得高精度的速度场需要3～4 a的观测数据, 白噪声模型下GPS速度场精度可靠可信的前提是采用不少于3～4 a的数据。 相似文献
4.
GPS坐标时间序列呈现显著的季节性变化,通常认为大气压、非潮汐海洋负载及水文负载(统称为地表质量负载)是引起测站谐波变化的主要因素.本文计算了不同地表质量负载造成的测站位移,以此修正中国区域11个IGS基准站的坐标时间序列.建立了地球物理现象与测站季节性变化及噪声特性之间的初步数值联系,认为其会造成测站的噪声特性变化,主要表现为带通及随机漫步噪声特征,且仅能减小测站U分量的周年运动,但并不是造成测站U分量半周年运动及水平方向周年运动的主要原因.深入分析了造成中国区域IGS基准站非线性变化的其他可能因素,重点探讨了周日(S1)、半周日(S2)大气潮汐对基准站周年振幅的贡献,由此提出S1、S2大气潮汐是造成中国区域IGS基准站周年运动,尤其是中南部测站垂向周年运动的主要因素之一. 相似文献
5.
Fei LI Chao MA Shengkai ZHANG Jintao LEI Weifeng HAO Qingchuan ZHANG Wenhao LI 《中国科学:地球科学(英文版)》2020,63(4):575-590
Due to the scarcity of data, modeling the glacial isostatic adjustment(GIA) for Antarctica is more difficult than it is for the ancient ice sheet area in North America and Northern Europe. Large uncertainties are observed in existing GIA models for Antarctica. Modern space-based geodetic measurements provide checks and constraints for GIA models. The present-day uplift velocities of global positioning system(GPS) stations at 73 stations in Antarctica and adjacent regions from 1996 to 2014 have been estimated using GAMIT/GLOBK version 10.5 with a colored noise model. To easily analyze the effect of difference sources on the vertical velocities, and for easy comparison with both GIA model predictions and GPS results from Argus et al.(2014) and Thomas et al.(2011), seven sub-regions are divided. They are the northern Antarctic Peninsula, the Filchner-Ronne Ice Shelf, the Amundsen Sea coast, the Ross Ice Shelf, Mount Erebus, inland Southwest Antarctica and the East Antarctic coast,respectively. The results show that the fast uplift in the north Antarctic Peninsula and Pine Island Bay regions may be caused by the elastic response to snow and ice mass loss. The fast subsidence near Mount Erebus may be related to the activity of a magma body. The uplift or subsidence near the East Antarctic coast is very slow while the uplift for the rest regions is mainly caused by GIA. By analyzing the correlation and the associated weighted root mean square(WRMS) between the GIA predictions and the GPS velocities, we found that the ICE-6G_C(VM5a) model and the Geruo 13 model show the most consistency with our GPS results, while the W12a and IJ05_R2 series models show poor consistency with our GPS results. Although improved greatly in recent years, the GIA modeling in Antarctica still lags behind the modeling of the North American. Some GPS stations, for example the Bennett Nunatak station(BENN), have observed large discrepancies between GIA predictions and GPS velocities.Because of the large uncertainties in calculating elastic responses due to the significant variations of ice and snow loads, the GPS velocities still cannot be used as a precise constraint on GIA models. 相似文献
6.
Analysis of seasonal signals and long-term trends in the height time series of IGS sites in China 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
The seasonal signal and long-term trend in the height time series of 10 IGS sites in China are investigated in this paper. The offset detection and outlier removal as well as the removal of common mode error are performed on the raw GPS time-series data developed by the Scripps Orbit and Permanent Array Center (SOPAC). The seasonal-trend decomposition procedure based on LOESS (STL) is utilized to extract precise seasonal signals, followed by an estimation of the long-term trend with the application of maximum likelihood estimation (MLE) to the seasonally adjusted time series. The Up-components of all sites are featured by obvious seasonal variations, with significant phase and amplitude modulation on some sites. After Kendall’s tau test, a significant trend (99% confidence interval) for all sites is achieved. Furthermore, the trends at sites TCMS and TNML have significant changes at epochs 2009.5384 and 2009.1493 (95% confidence interval), respectively, using the Breaks For Additive Seasonal and Trend test. Finally, the velocities and their uncertainties for all sites are estimated using MLE with the white noise plus flicker noise model. And the results are analyzed and compared with those announced by SOPAC. The results obtained in this paper have a higher precision than the SOPAC results. 相似文献
7.
有色噪声广泛存在于各种连续GPS站坐标时间序列,对GPS时间序列分析有重要影响.利用GAMIT/GLOBK软件解算了南极半岛地区8个GPS测站2010—2014年的实测数据,对坐标时间序列使用主分量分析法(PCA)进行了空间滤波,利用CATS软件估计了不同噪声模型下和空间滤波前后的噪声量级、站坐标时间序列参数及其不确定度,最后对南极半岛地区水平和垂向的形变模式进行了分析和讨论.结果表明,南极半岛地区GPS时间序列不仅存在白噪声,还存在较大量级的闪烁噪声,部分测站E方向在滤波前可能存在随机游走噪声;空间滤波能够有效降低这三种噪声的量级,从而有效减小线性项和周期项估计的不确定度;南极半岛地区在水平方向主要表现为板块运动,还可能存在局部性构造运动;在垂直方向上由冰川均衡调整(Glacial Isostatic Adjustment,GIA)因素引起的抬升较小,主要表现为现今冰雪质量损失引起的弹性抬升运动. 相似文献
8.
Fractal velocity models in refraction seismology 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
The introduction of noise components to a simple crustal velocity model is shown to markedly affect the appearance of synthetic seismograms calculated according to ray theory applied to refraction experiments. Here we simulate noise by a self-similar process with a power spectral density which falls off as inverse wavenumber to a simple power (0–2). The major effect is to destroy the coherency of the arrival branches normally expected from deterministic velocity models; the arrival amplitudes also show large trace-to-trace variations and considerable sensitivity to shot position. Some of these differences can be ascribed to the variety of noise model chosen (i.e., white noise, flicker noise and brown noise). It is argued that there is no clear distinction between coherent noise and geological structure. 相似文献
9.
GPS观测得到的中国大陆地壳垂直运动 总被引：13，自引：1，他引：13
利用中国地壳运动观测网络基准站的GPS连续观测及基本站非连续GPS观测结果，分析了基准站垂直位移的年周期变化特点，讨论了获得中国大陆垂直位移长趋势速率的条件，说明由基本站（连同基准站）多期GPS观测得到的长趋势垂直位移速率是较为可靠的。由于不少GPS观测站有幅度达数cm的年周期变化及大部分区域站观测次数少，由1999年、2001年两期区域站GPS观测难以得到可靠的长趋势垂直构造运动速率。基本站的观测结果表明中国大陆长趋势垂直构造运动主要特点是，速率较低，北升，南降，东强，西弱，西部相对东部略有下降。 相似文献
10.
2016年11月22日日本本州东岸近海发生东日本MW9.0大地震的MS7.2强余震。本文利用美国内华达大学内华达大地测量实验室网站获得此次大地震周围共30多个GPS连续观测站及其它台站的IGS08全球参考框架坐标时间序列,采用北京附近的GPS连续观测站BJSH作为区域位移参考框架的核心站,获取了此次MS7.2强余震的同震水平位移和区域参考框架位移时间序列,得到了此次强余震前后的位移时空变化图像。结果显示:尽管本州东岸近海MS7.2地震作为东日本MW9.0地震的强余震,受其震后形变的影响强烈,但其地壳水平形变的前兆规律与已观测到的大地震一致;不同的是东日本MW9.0地震前的垂直位移无积累,而本州东岸近海MS7.2地震前后的垂直位移保持MW9.0地震后均匀而缓慢的衰减变化;临震前震中附近的GPS连续观测站的东西分量明显减速,有的甚至减至零,是明显的短期前兆异常。此外,本文还进一步讨论了两种同震位移及其成因,并推断地壳水平运动挤压是此次地震的成因。 相似文献
11.
自1995年起,国际南极研究科学委员会（SCAR,the Scientific Committee on Antarctic Research）组织实施全南极国际GPS（Global Positioning System）联测.本文运用GAMIT/GLOBK软件分析了从1997到2004年的SCAR GPS数据和在南极的一些GPS永久跟踪站数据.数据处理分为两步,第一步：运用GAMIT软件进行单天解算,估计站位置、轨道等参数,其数据源主要有以下三类：(1) SCAR GPS观测站;（2）南极的连续跟踪站;（3）南极及其周边的部分IGS站;第二步：运用GLOBK软件加入SOPAC（Scripps Orbit and Permanent Array Center）的全球GPS子网（IGS1、IGS2、IGS3）进行全球网平差解算测站位置和速度.然后,参照地质构造讨论网的形变,分析了南极板块的现今地壳运动.GPS结果显示南极板块的欧拉角速度是0.224(°)/Ma,旋转极的位置为（58.69°N,128.29°W）,这与NNR-NUVEL-1A预测的和一些前期GPS研究的成果有着较大的不同.相对于澳大利亚板块,本文结果同其他模型的旋转角速度相差约0.01(°)/Ma,旋转极的位置相差在4°以内,不同模型之间的差异相对较小.这为描述南极板块运动提供了一个更为精确的新的运动模型. 相似文献
12.
分析了中国地壳运动观测网络在全国布设的27个GPS连续站开始运行以来至2005年11月的站坐标时间序列. 在对数据进行清理的基础上， 分析了各站坐标分量噪声的功率谱密度， 计算了表征各分量的噪声特性的谱指数. 谱指数显示， 大部分站的各坐标分量时间序列的噪声可以用白噪声+闪烁噪声的模型来描述， 少部分则可用白噪声+闪烁噪声+随机漫步噪声的模型来描述. 采用最大似然估计准则， 定量估计了模型中的各噪声分量. 结果表明， GPS站坐标时间序列中白噪声甚至不是噪声的主要成分. 因此， 仅顾及白噪声得到的测站运动参数的误差估计， 实际上是过高的， 或者说是过于乐观的. 相应地， 对这些运动参数作出解释时， 如果不充分考虑这一因素， 有可能会对读者产生误导. 相似文献
13.
In this paper,we analyze the time series of site coordinates of 27 continuously monitoring GPS sites covered bythe Crustal Movement Observation Network of China over the whole country.The data are obtained in the periodfrom the beginning of the observation to the November of 2005.On the basis of data processing,we analyze thepower spectrum density of coordinate component noise at each site and calculate the spectral indexes manifestingthe noise property of each component.The spectral indexes indicate that for most sites,the noise of time series ofeach coordinate component can be addressed by the model of white noise flicker noise;and for a small amountof sites,it can be described by the model of white noise flicker noise random walk noise.We also quantita-tively estimate each noise component in the model by using the criterion of maximum likelihood estimation.Theresult shows that the white noise in the time series of GPS site coordinates does not constitute the main part ofnoise.Therefore,the error estimation of site movement parameters is usually too small,or too optimistic if weconsider the white noise only.Correspondingly,if this factor is not fully considered in explaining these movementparameters,it might mislead the readers. 相似文献
14.
15.
16.
利用香港GPS连续运行参考站网络2001年1月至2007年8月的观测资料,全面深入地分析了12个基准站坐标序列特征.本文采用主成分空间滤波算法去除公共误差,来提高坐标序列的信噪比,并采用最大似然估计准则定量估计滤波后坐标序列的噪声特性,计算了地球表面质量负荷（包括大气、非潮汐海洋、积雪和土壤水）对香港GPS基准站坐标序列的影响.研究结果表明：香港GPS基准站坐标序列具有高度的空间相关性,其公共误差具有较强的季节性变化特征;地表质量负荷变化引起的香港地壳形变可以解释公共误差序列中约为3mm的垂向周年变化,经过质量负荷改正后的公共误差序列与高阶电离层误差高度相关;滤波后坐标序列的噪声特性可以用可变白噪声加闪烁噪声模型来描述,顾及闪烁噪声所计算的速度误差要比只考虑可变白噪声计算的速度误差大2~6倍;基准站间存在达1.5 mm/yr的相对水平运动,揭示香港地区存在活动断层;部分基准站坐标具有明显的振幅为1～2 mm本地季节性变化,所有测站的残差序列也表现出强烈的季节性变化. 相似文献
17.
N. G. Gamburtseva T. M. Sabitova D. D. Sultanov I. A. Sanina O. P. Kuznetsov I. V. Volkova O. A. Usol’tseva 《Izvestiya Physics of the Solid Earth》2006,42(4):271-281
Recent geodynamic processes in the Tien Shan region are studied by the analysis of time series of effective velocities and traveltime delays relative to the IASPEI-91 traveltime curve of the weakly refracted wave P n from nuclear explosions at the Semipalatinsk test site over the period of 1968–1989. The time series were constructed for 10 seismic stations located at distances of 800–1200 km from the test site in the regions of the Northern, Central, and Southern Tien Shan. The twenty-year period of observations at stations in the North Tien Shan showed a significant decrease in traveltime delays by 0.20–0.76 s, which corresponds to a 0.2–0.7% increase in seismic velocities. An opposite pattern is observed at stations of the Central and Southern Tien Shan: traveltime delays increased by 0.2–0.5 s and, accordingly, seismic velocities dropped by 0.2–0.5%. These results suggest the predominance of compression processes in the crust and upper mantle during the period of observations in Northern Tien Shan and extension processes in the Central and Southern Tien Shan. The series of velocities and traveltime residuals are characterized by the presence of rhythmic oscillations of various amplitudes and periods against a linear trend. A correlation between variations in kinematic parameters and yearly numbers of earthquakes is observed at all stations. Diagrams of the spectral time analysis reveal rhythms with periods of 2–3 and 5–7 yr. The data obtained in this study are consistent with results of studying the stress-strain state of the Tien Shan crust from focal mechanisms of earthquakes and the velocities of recent crustal movements from GPS data. It is found that the amplitude of variations in kinematic parameters of the P wave at stations located in seismically active regions (the Tien Shan, Kopet Dagh, the Caucasus, Altai, and Sayany) is two to five times higher compared to aseismic regions (the Russian and Kazakh plains). 相似文献
18.
为探索地震事件对GPS坐标时间序列的长周期影响,对汶川地震前后四川GPS观测网络长约10年的解算成果进行了多参数模型噪声特征分析.基于最大似然估计方法和频谱特性分析,提取了地震前后各测站坐标序列中的噪声分量,使用Λ-统计检验,得出"白噪声+闪烁噪声"模型可以作为四川GPS区域观测网络的最优噪声组合模型,同时,地震事件使得地震前后GPS噪声分量中的白噪声、闪烁噪声、随机游走噪声等发生显著改变,说明传统谱噪声分析中简单地将地震数据拼接在一起并进行统一处理的模式并不可取;使用共模误差分析方法、区域速度场变化趋势等信息对地震前后噪声模型的改变成因进行了初步的物理解析. 相似文献
19.