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高烈度区的水库地震问题 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
本文提出重视我国中西部高烈度区水库地震问题的基础研究,即水库水域区位于历史地震影响烈度或地震区划在Ⅶ度及以上区域的水库地震问题。这些区域的水库地震研究,不能简单套用一般低烈度区水库诱发地震的一些技术思路和方法,而是需要研究高烈度区水库地震问题的特殊性,主要体现在库区构造环境、断裂活动、随机性背景地震活动水平高等特点。研究水库地震评价问题,包括水库地震强度的预测问题。用金沙江下游梯级水库地震研究事例试图说明这一点。分析水库地震问题,首要抓住在工程设计寿命期间构造地震的潜在危险性这一关键问题。水库地震研究中一些常见的统计预测不合理,应分析水库地震或诱发地震活动需要考虑的地震构造条件、库区岩性条件、地下应力条件、应变积累势态等。 相似文献
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采用水位滑动变差方法,研究了唐山地震前后地下水位时空演化特征。研究结果表明,水位滑动变差方法是突出地下水位前兆场时空演化特征的良好方法。唐山地震前后地下水位动态图像正负区和异常特征区的时空演化具有明显的规律性和阶段性。负值区的演化具有“收缩－扩展－急速扩展－发震”的特征;异常特征区的演化显示“迁移－扩展－稳定－发震－消失”的特征;滑动变差显示“增大－减小－发震－急速减小”的变化过程。据此给出了地震 相似文献
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着重研究了龙羊峡水库地震的时间频次和时间强度分形的ｆ（ａ）－α谱，以及Ｄ＋∞、Ｄ－∞的变化特点。结果认为龙羊峡水库地震对周围强震的震前异常反应很好。需要指出的是，在周围强震发生前存在较为明显的ｆ（α）－α谱的收缩现象Ｄｑ－ｑ曲线也趋于平缓。这种由于水库蓄水而诱发地震并对周围强震有良好反应的现象应引起一定的重视。 相似文献
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冕宁大桥水库是目前国内唯一处于强震多发地区和地震高烈度区的大Ⅱ型水库。对该水库进行了有关地震安全性评价，建设了水库地震监测系统，完成了水库地震对策研究。2002年3月3日大桥水库诱发Ms4．6级水库地震，根据所获得的水库地震监测资料，在这次水库地震的半年以前，我们认为会在不太长的时间里在库区及其邻区有可能发生4级左右的地震。 相似文献
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用地壳形变图象动力学研究震源演化复杂过程 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
依据１９５４－１９９２年间多期精密水准网复测资料，应用固体地球物理学原理和地壳形变图象动力学方法，研究了１９７６年唐山地震震源及其周缘区地壳形变图象和图象动力学参量的时空演化过程。发现：１．震源区呈“坚固体”特性，“形变空区”与地震空区吻合；２．形变场演化过程中为：“准均匀分布”－“非均匀分布”－发震－“准均匀分布”。震源区降维幅度为源外区的两倍；３．震源区演化的非线性变形不稳定过程十分复杂，存在 相似文献
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按新的水库诱发地震分类探讨长江三峡水库诱发地震的可能性 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
提出了一种新的水库诱发地震分类方法，将水库地震分为断裂活动型、崩滑塌陷型、膨胀破裂型和岩溶气爆型四大类共十个亚类。指出评价水库诱发地震的危险性实际上主要是评估诱发断裂活动型水库强震的可能性。在分析了长江三峡水库区水库诱发强震的地质条件之后，按照上述观点着重分析了水库诱发断裂活动型强震的可能性。得出的基本结论是：对整个长江三峡水库区而言，水库诱发地震的最大震级不会超过５．５级；倘若仅就库首区而论，水 相似文献
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根据野外考察与工作成果，结合我国目前水库诱发地震研究的新经验，对五强溪水库区的大地构造背景、地层与岩性、岩溶发育程度和渗透条件以及应力状态进行了较为深入的分析与研究，对库区某些可能诱发地震的地段作了初步评价。 相似文献
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随着众多大型水利枢纽的建设施工,在水利界逐步出现了“水库触发地震”之说。“水库诱发地震”和“水库触发地震”,虽只是一字之差,但涉及到水库地震的成因机制、水库地震预测等根本问题。统计了中外水库地震(Ms≥4．5)震例的3种地震响应时间△T1(水库蓄水至初震时间)、△T2(水库蓄水至主震时间)和△T3(初震至主震时间)的概率分布;并介绍了近几年现代大地测量学在监测水库蓄水环境变化和数字地震观测在揭示水库地震震源力学状态所取得的新进展。综合研究后认为水库蓄水局部改变了自然环境和地震孕育环境;在自然环境、地震孕育环境和地震之间可能存在着一种相互作用的动力学反馈机制,导致大约数年后具有更高震级的主震发生。因此,“水库诱发地震”是正确的,并非仅存在“触发地震”。 相似文献
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APPARENT STRESS VARIATION CHARACTERISTICS BEFORE AND AFTER BADONG EARTHQUAKE IN THE THREE GORGES RESERVOIR AREA 
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下载免费PDF全文 DAI Miao WU Gui-ju LIU Jian SHEN Chong-yang SHEN Xue-lin SHEN Xue-lin WEI Gui-chun 《地震地质》2017,39(4):837-852
The causes of earthquakes in the Three Gorges reservoir area are complex. In order to study the cause of earthquakes happening in the region, we calculated the source parameters of 394 ML ≥ 2.0 earthquakes occurring in Three Gorges reservoir area based on waveform data observed by the regional seismic network of Hubei Province and Three Gorges, obtained the apparent stress spatial-temporal variation map of Three Gorges reservoir area, and analyzed apparent stress spatial-temporal variation characteristics before and after the main earthquakes in the Three Gorges reservoir area. The results show that:1)Before the Badong ML5.5, Zigui ML4.7 and Zigui ML5.1 earthquake, high apparent stress of earthquakes with different magnitudes is concentrated in Xinhua-Shuitianba Fault and Gaoqiao Fault. The distribution of high value area shows the high degree of synergism before the earthquake and the scattering after the earthquake, which indicates that the area accumulated a high stress before the earthquake, and the fault was in a locked state; 2)In the study area, the apparent stress before and after the earthquake showed significant rise in the first and then decline, the earthquake occurred in the process of rising; 3)Apparent stress depth profiles show that apparent stress at different depths has a positive correlation with the size of magnitude of earthquake, and the phenomenon of "small magnitude and strong apparent stress" did not appear. The small earthquakes occurring after the major earthquakes in the study area belong to low strain release under the background of low stress release, and there are no new apparent stress anomaly concentration areas appearing, this indicates that the Badong-Gaoqiao Fault, Zhoujiashan-Niukou Fault and Zigui Xiannushan Fault have been effective in releasing after the Badong earthquake and Zigui earthquakes and the probability of destructive earthquake is small on these faults. 相似文献
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In this paper,based on the collected data and earthquake field investigation,characteristics of the MS4.1 Hujiaping earthquake of November 22,2008 at Guizhou town in Zigui county,Hubei Province and the geological and hydrogeological conditions and seismicity background of the area are analyzed,and the earthquake disaster is presented. Some scientific issues relating to earthquake precursors and the cause of the earthquake is discussed. The authors consider that the earthquake is a tectonic type reservoir-induced earthquake,occurring along the Xiannvshan fault under the joint action of reservoir water loading and water infiltration,and that there were certain suspected anomalies appearing in the gravity field before the earthquake. The cause of the earthquake may also be related to the effect of the Wenchuan earthquake on the local stress field. 相似文献
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研究“源兆”的若干问题及途径分析 总被引：3，自引：3，他引：0
从位场理论的观点讨论了场和源的概念,建议将“场兆”改称为构造前兆,将“源兆”称为震源前兆。文中还分析了震源体与各种前兆观测方法探测的深度,并根据地磁与重力观测方法不同的物理基础和地质基础,指出震磁效应对于研究震源前兆的特殊意义,文中还介绍了１９７６唐山地震观测到震源前兆的部分实际地磁资料。 相似文献
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水库蓄水后可能诱发的地震危险性估计是工程地震工作中的一项重要环节,其中可能诱发的地震强度是人们特别关注的要素。本文基于国内外41个水库地震震例,从目前对水库地震形成机理的认识水平出发,提取了15个可能的诱震指标,应用模式识别的一些方法对水库蓄水后的诱发地震危险性进行复因子评估,通过内符检验讨论了这些方法在水库诱发地震危险性上的估计效能,给出了其错误概率估计值,结果表明,这些方法能够相对客观和合理地评定水库蓄水后可能诱发的地震危险性水平大小,在工程上具有一定应用价值。 相似文献
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汤溪水库始建于1959年,当时未对地震设防。为响应“国际减灾十年”号召,有关部门要求对该水库大坝的抗震能力进行复核。 在研究区的地震地质、地震活动性以及深部地球物理场等资料的基础上,划分出四个潜在震源区,并用概率地震危险性分析方法,给出复核大坝抗震能力的两个等级的地震动:取地震复发周期475年(相当于地震基本烈度)的峰加速度142.2cm/s~2,复发周期2474年(相当于“罕遇烈度”)的峰加速度229.6cm/s~2。 在上述地震动下,利用三种方法对大坝抗震能力进行复核:1.水工建筑物抗震设计规范SDJ10—78的拟静力法;2.有限元整体永久变形分析法;3.有限滑动永久变形分析法。根据上述三种方法的复核结果,主坝可以抗御地震基本烈度的作用;在罕遇烈度下,几种方法的结果稍有不同;拟静力法的最小安全系数K=1.08,稍小规范规定的1.1;整体永久变形算出的最大水平永久变形10.8cm,估计坝顶和坝坡会出现规模不大条数不多的纵、横向裂缝,因此是可以接受的,有限滑动分析的几种类似的方法给出的结果差别较大,尤其是Romo法,得出水平和垂直最大永久变形分别为66cm和21cm。综合来看,在罕遇烈度下,主坝的抗震能力处于临界状态。副坝抗震能力高,在罕遇烈度下也是令人放心的。 相似文献
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RESEARCH ON GENESIS OF M4.2 AND M4.5 EARTHQUAKE SEQUENCES IN MARCH 2014 IN ZIGUI COUNTY,HUBEI PROVINCE 下载免费PDF全文
下载免费PDF全文 On 27th and 30th March 2014, an M4.2 and M4.5 earthquake sequence occurred in Zigui County, Hubei Province, and the earthquake sequence type is double seismic type. The two earthquake sequences occurred at the water unloading stage of the 175m trial impounding, and G-R relations showed the similar characteristics with that of the tectonic earthquakes. In order to verify the influences of dam reservoir on earthquake triggering, ETAS model was introduced, the results showed that the slow water level changes had little impact on the occurrence of earthquake. Double difference precision relocation results indicated that the two earthquake sequences occurred at the intersection part of a NE-striking fault and the NNW-striking Xiannvshan Fault, and the preferred direction of aftershock distribution was separately NE and NNW. Moment tensor inversion method and P wave initial motion method were used to determine the focal mechanisms of the two earthquakes, and the results indicated that the two earthquakes were controlled by the regional tectonic stress field and were of reverse-slip type. Comprehensive analysis showed that the M4.2 earthquake was caused by a small-scale fault striking NE with a big dip angle. From the hypocenter profile, it can be seen that the M4.2 earthquake sequence was restrained by an east-dip fault, and the M4.5 earthquake sequence was the product under the conjugate action of the NE-striking fault and the NNW-striking Xiannvshan fault. 相似文献
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2019年12月26日湖北应城发生M4.9有感地震,其震感波及武汉大部分地区。为了分析该地震的发震构造及余震活动性,本文利用波形拟合方法测定了不同速度模型下该地震的震源机制解和矩心深度,并用Bootstrapping抽样反演技术评价反演结果;此外,利用模板匹配技术匹配主震和目录余震波形,获取了更为完整的余震目录。结果显示,应城地震以走滑为主,矩心深度7.5km左右,矩震级MW4.67;应城地震有1个前震和17个余震,余震序列缺少M2~4事件,表明应城地震为孤立型地震,M2以下地震的b值为0.8。 相似文献
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水口水库诱发地震的微震前兆信息与趋势预测 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
福建水口水库地震是我国当前正在发生的一个大型水库诱发地震实例。针对水库地震序列中普遍含有大量微震的特点,探讨微震活动可能包含的前兆信息。研究发现,“微震相对频度”在水口水库地震趋势预测中具有明显的前兆性质,文中还介绍了“微震相对频度”作为一种前兆指标在该水库地震趋势预测实践中的应用效果,对“微震相对频度”的物理意义以及深入开展“微地震研究”的前景进行了讨论。 相似文献
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Study of historical earthquake is one of the important methods to understand the seismic activities and analyze the seismogenic faults. On the May 25th, 1568 AD, a destructive earthquake occurred to the northeast of the present-day city of Xi'an, Shaanxi Province. Because this earthquake happened shortly after the 1556 M8 earthquake and was regarded as an aftershock, it has received little attention in previous studies. Previous earthquake catalogue agreed in assigning a magnitude 6 3/4 to this earthquake but had different epicentral locations and seismic intensity, and the seismogenic structure remains ambiguous.
Based on textual research of historical earthquake and field investigation, the Jingyang County, Gaoling County, and Xianning County, were the worst hit area by the earthquake, and the areas, including Yongle Town, Gaozhuang Town at southeastern Jingyang County to Gaoling County and its southeastern present-day Jijia and Zhangbu, should be the mesoseismal area of this earthquake. The epicenter intensity of this earthquake is Ⅸ+(9~10 degrees), and the magnitude is estimated to be 7. The isoseismal lines were drawn to exhibit the various intensities of the areas damaged during the event, with its major axis directed NWW. Intensities reached Ⅸ+ in the zone extending west-northwest parallel to the Weinan-Jingyang Fault. This fault, characterized by a normal fault that developed during the Cenozoic extensional history of the Weihe Basin, dipping to the north at an angle of 60°~80°, is one part of the southern boundary faults in Weihe graben. There are geomorphological and geological evidences of recent activity of the fault during (180±30)a BP to (1 600±30)a BP. At T1-T2 fluvial terraces on the north bank of Weihe River, the scarps were faulted during Ming Dynasty, and sandy soil liquefaction, dense structural tensional fissures and faulted strata are noted in stratigraphic profiles and trenches. Thus, we suggest that this fault can reliably be regarded as being active during Holocene, and re-name the earthquake as the Shaanxi Gaoling earthquake. 相似文献
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分析了晋冀蒙交界地区3次6级以上地震前的电场变化,发现各台异常具有如下相似特征:1)异常形态绝大部分为阶变类型,即突升(或突降)-转平-突降(或突升)型;2)异常具有非常明显的短临特征,统计的10次异常中有9次在震前1个月内存在异常;3)异常的持续性,即地震发生后异常持续一段时间就突然恢复到原来的水平,同震结束的现象较少;4)单测向异常,即强震前一般只在台站的1个测向出现异常,文中研究的异常信息多出现在NW或EW方向,与震中方位有关;5)异常幅度与震级及震中距密切相关。最后,通过与水位资料进行对比分析,认为这类异常与地下流体的运移关系密切 相似文献